1
|
Coelho-Júnior HJ, Calvani R, Panza F, Allegri RF, Picca A, Marzetti E, Alves VP. Religiosity/Spirituality and Mental Health in Older Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:877213. [PMID: 35646998 PMCID: PMC9133607 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.877213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives The present study investigated the association between religious and spiritual (RS) practices with the prevalence, severity, and incidence of mental health problems in older adults. Methods We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of cross-sectional and longitudinal studies that investigated older adults aged 60+ years and assessed RS using valid scales and questions from valid scales, and mental health according to validated multidimensional or specific instruments. Studies were retrieved from MEDLINE, LILACS, SCOPUS, CINAHL, and AgeLine databases until July 31, 2021. The risk of bias was evaluated using the Newcastle-Ottawa Quality Assessment Scale (NOS). A pooled effect size was calculated based on the log odds ratio (OR) and Z-scores. This study is registered on PROSPERO. Results One hundred and two studies that investigated 79.918 community-dwellers, hospitalized, and institutionalized older adults were included. Results indicated that high RS was negatively associated with anxiety and depressive symptoms, while a positive association was observed with life satisfaction, meaning in life, social relations, and psychological well-being. Specifically, people with high spirituality, intrinsic religiosity, and religious affiliation had a lower prevalence of depressive symptoms. In relation to longitudinal analysis, most studies supported that high RS levels were associated with a lower incidence of depressive symptoms and fear of death, as well as better mental health status. Conclusion Findings of the present study suggest that RS are significantly associated with mental health in older adults. People with high RS levels had a lower prevalence of anxiety and depressive symptoms, as well as reported greater life satisfaction and psychological well-being, better social relations, and more definite meaning in life. Data provided by an increasing number of longitudinal studies have supported most of these findings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hélio José Coelho-Júnior
- Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Institute of Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, Rome, Italy
- Department of Gerontology, Catholic University of Brasília, Brasília, Brazil
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario “Agostino Gemelli” IRCCS, Rome, Italy
- *Correspondence: Hélio José Coelho-Júnior
| | - Riccardo Calvani
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario “Agostino Gemelli” IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Panza
- National Institute of Gastroenterology “Saverio de Bellis”, Research Hospital, Bari, Italy
| | - Riccardo F. Allegri
- Department of Cognitive Neurology, Instituto de Investigaciones Neurológicas Fleni, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Department of Neurosciences, Universidad de la Costa (CUC), Barranquilla, Colombia
| | - Anna Picca
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario “Agostino Gemelli” IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Emanuele Marzetti
- Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Institute of Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, Rome, Italy
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario “Agostino Gemelli” IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Vicente Paulo Alves
- Department of Gerontology, Catholic University of Brasília, Brasília, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Cianelli R, Villegas N, Oliveira GD, Sailsman S, Montano NP, Martinez AS, Toledo C, Sandalaula M, Sanchez H. Exploring the Psychosocial Impact of Living With HIV on Minority Older Women. J Am Psychiatr Nurses Assoc 2022; 28:216-224. [PMID: 32469282 DOI: 10.1177/1078390320927462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Among older adults, minority older women will account for 60% of the new HIV diagnoses. The psychosocial impact of living with HIV among this vulnerable population narrated by their own voices has been understudied. AIMS: The purpose of this study was to explore the psychosocial impact of living with HIV on minority older women. METHODS: In-depth interviews were conducted with 28 minority older women living with HIV at an Ambulatory Care Center HIV Clinic in South Florida. All interviews were audio-recorded and transcribed verbatim. Conventional content analysis was used to identify and define the major themes that emerged from the interviews. Questions included those concerning description of life after the HIV diagnosis, most challenging aspects of life after the diagnosis, and daily activities since the diagnosis. RESULTS: The analysis of the interview data led to five main themes: (I) Social Impact of HIV, (II) Threats to Health and Well-Being, (III) HIV as a Death Sentence, (IV) Spirituality, and (V) HIV Treatment Adherence. In their narratives, women described a myriad of psychosocial issues such as depressed mood, isolation, economic challenges, stigma, anhedonia of interest, fear of death, among others. CONCLUSIONS: There is a compelling empirical need for rapid implementation of a culturally tailored, holistic, low-cost, multistrategy intervention to early screen and reduce the psychosocial impact of HIV among minority older women.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rosina Cianelli
- Rosina Cianelli, PhD, MPH, RN, IBCLC, FAAN, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL, USA
| | - Natalia Villegas
- Natalia Villegas, PhD, MSN, RN, IBCLC, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL, USA
| | - Giovanna De Oliveira
- Giovanna De Oliveira, PhD, MSN, RN, ANP-C, PMHNP-BC, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL, USA
| | - Sonique Sailsman
- Sonique Sailsman, PhD, RN, Barry University, Miami Shores, FL, USA
| | - Nilda Peragallo Montano
- Nilda Peragallo Montano, DrPH, RN, FAAN, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Angel Solorzano Martinez
- Angel Solorzano Martinez DNP, MSN, MBA, RN, CNS, PMHNP-BC, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, FL, USA
| | - Christine Toledo
- Christine Toledo, PhD, MSN, RN, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL, USA
| | - Muheriwha Sandalaula
- Muheriwha Sandalaula, PhDc, MScMid, RN, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL, USA
| | - Heather Sanchez
- Heather Sanchez, RN, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL, USA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Cybulski M, Cybulski L, Krajewska-Kulak E, Orzechowska M, Cwalina U, Kowalewska B. Occurrence of mood disorders among educationally active older adults in Bialystok, Poland: a cross-sectional study. Ann Gen Psychiatry 2020; 19:35. [PMID: 32514282 PMCID: PMC7254768 DOI: 10.1186/s12991-020-00285-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2019] [Accepted: 05/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mood disorders in older people are an increasingly serious health and social problem, and their prevalence increases with age. The most common mood disorders are bipolar disorder, which is the occurrence of mania and hypomania, and depressive disorders. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of mood disorders in a group of educationally active elderly people living in Bialystok, Poland. METHODS The study included a total of 162 people-residents of Bialystok-aged 60 or older; 135 women (83.33%) and 27 men (16.67%). The study used five standardized psychometric scales: The Mood Disorder Questionnaire (MDQ), Hypomania Check List (HCL-32), Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) and The Zung Self-Rating Depression Scale (Zung SDS). RESULTS Nearly 90.00% of the respondents obtained GDS scores indicating the presence of mild depressive symptoms; however, on the Zung SDS, which also evaluates depression symptom levels, the result obtained in almost the same number of respondents showed an absence of these symptoms. A similar percentage of respondents also obtained values on the MDQ that allow to determine a lack of bipolar disorder characteristics in the studied population. Over half of the respondents (58.02%) did not show symptoms of hypomania using the HCL-32. There was a significant correlation between the results of the GDS and Zung SDS, the HCL-32 and MDQ, as well as the HCL-32 and Zung SDS in the total studied group. CONCLUSIONS Mood disorders, particularly depression, constitute a significant social and health problem in the group of educationally active older adults living in Bialystok. In light of the obtained research results, it is recommended to conduct and improve already realized health education programs for the elderly on the subject of mood disorder prevention and their impact on quality of life. There is a need for further research on mood disorders in the elderly to determine their prevalence on a national scale.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mateusz Cybulski
- Department of Integrated Medical Care, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Bialystok, 7a M. Sklodowskiej-Curie Str, 15-096 Bialystok, Poland
| | - Lukasz Cybulski
- Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Elzbieta Krajewska-Kulak
- Department of Integrated Medical Care, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Bialystok, 7a M. Sklodowskiej-Curie Str, 15-096 Bialystok, Poland
| | - Magda Orzechowska
- Department of Integrated Medical Care, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Bialystok, 7a M. Sklodowskiej-Curie Str, 15-096 Bialystok, Poland
| | - Urszula Cwalina
- Department of Statistics and Medical Informatics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Beata Kowalewska
- Department of Integrated Medical Care, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Bialystok, 7a M. Sklodowskiej-Curie Str, 15-096 Bialystok, Poland
| |
Collapse
|