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Totapally BR, Totapalli S, Sendi P, Martinez PA. Epidemiology of Adenovirus Infection in Hospitalized Children in the United States From 1997 to 2019. Pediatr Infect Dis J 2024:00006454-990000000-00837. [PMID: 38621167 DOI: 10.1097/inf.0000000000004365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The study aimed to explore the prevalence, clinical features, resource utilization, temporal trends and outcomes associated with adenoviral infections in hospitalized children. METHODS A retrospective analysis using the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project's Kids' Inpatient Database from 1997 to 2019 was performed. Children aged 29 days to 17 years with adenoviral infection were selected. Chi-square, Kruskal-Wallis tests, linear trend analysis and multivariable analysis were used for data analysis. RESULTS A total of 40,135 children under 18 years of age with adenoviral infection were discharged in the United States with an overall prevalence of 18.9 per 10,000 discharges and 6.9 children per 100,000 population. By linear trend analysis, the hospitalization rate has significantly increased with the highest prevalence in 2019. Adenoviral infection was more prevalent in Black children, in winter months, in the Midwest region, in children with government insurance and in the lowest income quartile. The majority (85%) of adenovirus-related hospitalizations occurred under 6 years of age. Mechanical ventilation, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation support, acute kidney injury and liver failure were documented in 11.9%, 0.4%, 2.7% and 0.4%, respectively. The overall case fatality rate was 1.4%, which decreased from 1997 to 2019 (P < 0.05). By regression analysis, an increased mortality rate was associated with the need for mechanical ventilation, the presence of complex chronic conditions, immune deficiency, central nervous system infection and pneumonia/bronchiolitis. CONCLUSIONS Most human adenovirus infections occur in children under 6 years of age and cause mild illness. Human adenovirus can lead to serious illness in children with complex chronic conditions and immune deficiency conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Balagangadhar R Totapally
- From the Division of Critical Care Medicine, Nicklaus Children's Hospital
- Department of Pediatrics, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, Florida
| | - Seevitha Totapalli
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Toronto Scarborough, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Prithvi Sendi
- From the Division of Critical Care Medicine, Nicklaus Children's Hospital
- Department of Pediatrics, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, Florida
| | - Paul A Martinez
- From the Division of Critical Care Medicine, Nicklaus Children's Hospital
- Department of Pediatrics, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, Florida
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Shi T, Chen C, Fan H, Yu M, Li M, Yang D, Huang L, Nie Z, Lu G. Impact of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation in immunocompetent children with severe adenovirus pneumonia. BMC Pulm Med 2023; 23:41. [PMID: 36717803 PMCID: PMC9885392 DOI: 10.1186/s12890-022-02284-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Severe adenovirus (Adv.) pneumonia can cause significant mortality in young children. There has been no worldwide consensus on the impact of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) in immunocompetent children with severe Adv. pneumonia. This study aimed to assess the impact of ECMO in immunocompetent children with severe Adv. pneumonia. METHODS This study evaluated the medical records of 168 hospitalized children with severe Adv. pneumonia at the Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center between 2019 and 2020.Nineteen patients in the ECMO group and 149 patients in the non-ECMO group were enrolled. RESULTS Between these two groups, there were no differences in host factors such as sex, age (all P > 0.05). Significant differences were observed in shortness of breath/increased work of breathing; cyanosis; seizures; tachycardia; the partial pressure of oxygen in arterial blood (PO2); the ratio of PaO2 to the fraction concentration of oxygen in inspired air (FiO2; P/F); white blood cell, lymphocyte, monocytes, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), serum albumin, and procalcitonin levels; and, pulmonary consolidation (all P < 0.05). There were significant differences in the parameters of mechanical ventilation (MV) therapy and complications such as respiratory failure, acute respiratory distress syndrome, septic shock, length of hospitalization, and death (all P < 0.05). The maximum axillary temperatures, respiratory rates, heart rates and LDH levels after receiving ECMO were significantly lower than those before ECMO (all P < 0.05). Additionally, SPO2, PO2, and P/F were significantly higher than those before ECMO (all P < 0.05). In MV therapy, FiO2, PIP, and PEEP were significantly lower than those before ECMO (all P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS In our study, the clinical conditions of the patients in the ECMO group were much more severe than those in the non-ECMO group. Our study showed that ECMO might be beneficial for the patients with severe Adv. pneumonia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Shi
- grid.410737.60000 0000 8653 1072Department of Respiratory, Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, No.9, Jinsui Road, Zhujiang New City, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510120 Guangdong China
| | - Chen Chen
- grid.410737.60000 0000 8653 1072Department of Respiratory, Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, No.9, Jinsui Road, Zhujiang New City, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510120 Guangdong China ,grid.410737.60000 0000 8653 1072Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huifeng Fan
- grid.410737.60000 0000 8653 1072Department of Respiratory, Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, No.9, Jinsui Road, Zhujiang New City, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510120 Guangdong China
| | - Minghua Yu
- grid.410737.60000 0000 8653 1072Department of Cardiology, Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ming Li
- grid.410737.60000 0000 8653 1072Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Diyuan Yang
- grid.410737.60000 0000 8653 1072Department of Respiratory, Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, No.9, Jinsui Road, Zhujiang New City, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510120 Guangdong China
| | - Li Huang
- grid.410737.60000 0000 8653 1072Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhiqiang Nie
- grid.413405.70000 0004 1808 0686Department of Cardiology, Hypertension Research Laboratory, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Gen Lu
- grid.410737.60000 0000 8653 1072Department of Respiratory, Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, No.9, Jinsui Road, Zhujiang New City, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510120 Guangdong China
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Xavier JMDV, Silva FDDS, Olinda RAD, Querino LAL, Araujo PSB, Lima LFC, Sousa RSD, Rosado BNCL. Climate seasonality and lower respiratory tract diseases: a predictive model for pediatric hospitalizations. Rev Bras Enferm 2022; 75:e20210680. [PMID: 36134811 DOI: 10.1590/0034-7167-2021-0680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES to analyze the climate seasonality of respiratory diseases in children aged 0-9 years and present a model to predict hospital admissions for 2021 to 2022. METHODS verify, in a temporal manner, the correlation of admissions for pneumonia, bronchitis/bronchiolitis, and asthma with meteorological variables, aiming to demonstrate seasonality with the adjustment of temporal series models. RESULTS there was a seasonal effect in the number of registered cases for all diseases, with the highest incidence of registrations in the months of autumn and winter. CONCLUSIONS it was possible to observe a tendency towards a decrease in the registration of pneumonia cases; In cases of admissions due to bronchitis and bronchiolitis, there was a slight tendency towards an increase; and, in occurrence rates of asthma, there was no variation in the number of cases.
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Xavier JMDV, Silva FDDS, Olinda RAD, Querino LAL, Araujo PSB, Lima LFC, Sousa RSD, Rosado BNCL. Sazonalidade climática e doenças das vias respiratórias inferiores: utilização de modelo preditor de hospitalizações pediátricas. Rev Bras Enferm 2022. [DOI: 10.1590/0034-7167-2021-0680pt] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
RESUMO Objetivos: analisar a sazonalidade climática das doenças respiratórias em crianças de 0 a 9 anos e apresentar um modelo para previsão de internações hospitalares para os anos de 2021 a 2022. Métodos: propôs-se verificar, de maneira temporal, a correlação de internações para pneumonia, bronquite/bronquiolite e asma com variáveis meteorológicas, visando verificar a sazonalidade com o ajuste de modelos de séries temporais. Resultados: percebeu-se, para todas as enfermidades, o efeito sazonal no número de casos registrados, com o maior número de registros nos meses de outono e inverno. Conclusões: foi possível constatar uma tendência de diminuição no registro de casos de pneumonia; já para os casos de internações por bronquite e bronquiolite, observou-se uma leve tendência de aumento; e, em relação as taxas de ocorrência de asma, não houve variação.
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Casula E, Letizia Manca M, Manconi M. An integrative review on the uses of plant-derived bioactives formulated in conventional and innovative dosage forms for the local treatment of damaged nasal cavity. Int J Pharm 2021; 610:121229. [PMID: 34715259 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2021.121229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2021] [Revised: 10/09/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Plants and their derivates have been used as medicines for centuries and today is being re-discovered their usefulness for the human health. The therapeutic properties of phytochemicals are re-evaluated under the light of medical and pharmacological research, pushed by a constantly growing market demand, where consumers trust more natural products than synthetic drugs. New studies are enlightening the effectiveness of phytochemicals against a wide range of ailments, nevertheless very few evaluate the efficacy of topical formulations based on natural bioactive molecules in the treatment of nasal mucosal diseases. This review aims at exploring this little covered topic. An overview on the properties and functionality of the nasal mucosa and the different diseases affecting it has been provided. We summarized various nasal dosage forms containing natural bioactive and explored how innovative delivery systems loading phytochemicals can improve the treatment results. Finally, the potential use of novel nanocarriers for the treatment of nasal ailments has been covered as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleonora Casula
- Dept. of Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente, University of Cagliari, Via Ospedale 72, 09124 Cagliari, Italy
| | - Maria Letizia Manca
- Dept. of Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente, University of Cagliari, Via Ospedale 72, 09124 Cagliari, Italy.
| | - Maria Manconi
- Dept. of Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente, University of Cagliari, Via Ospedale 72, 09124 Cagliari, Italy
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