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Sultana KF, Akter A, Saha SR, Ahmed F, Alam S, Jafar T, Saha O. Bacterial profile, antimicrobial resistance, and molecular detection of ESBL and quinolone resistance gene of uropathogens causing urinary tract infection in the southeastern part of Bangladesh. Braz J Microbiol 2023; 54:803-815. [PMID: 36905487 PMCID: PMC10235015 DOI: 10.1007/s42770-023-00942-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Humans frequently contract urinary tract infections (UTIs), which can be brought on by uropathogens (UPs) that are multi-drug resistant. Treatment for UTIs brought on by pathogenic UPs that produce extended-spectrum lactamases (ESBLs) is more costly and potentially fatal. As a result, the objective of this study was to use culture, biochemical, and 16S rRNA sequencing to identify and characterize UPs isolated from outpatients in Noakhali, Bangladesh, who had symptoms of UTIs. ESBL gene identification and quinolone resistance gene typing were then performed on the isolates using polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Throughout the trial's 8-month duration, 152 (76%) of 200 urine samples were positive for the presence of UPs. The overall number of UPs recovered was 210, with 39 individuals having multiple UPs present in their samples. Among all of the isolates, Escherichia coli (45.24%, 95/210; 95% confidence interval (CI): 35.15-57.60%), Enterobacter spp. (24.76%, 52/210; CI: 19.15-35.77%), Klebsiella spp. (20.95%; 44/210; CI: 15.15-30.20%), and Providencia spp. (9.05%; 19/210; CI: 4.95-19.25%) were the four most prevalent bacteria found in the isolates. The UPs displayed a very high level of resistance to piperacillin 96.92% (126/130), ampicillin 90% (117/130), nalidixic acid 77.69% (101/130), cefazolin 70% (91/130), amoxicillin 50% (55/130), cefazolin 42.31% (55/130), nitrofurantoin 43.08% (56/130), and ciprofloxacin 33.08% (43/130), whereas resistance to netilmicin (3.85%), amikacin (4.62%), and imipenem (9.23%) was low. Individually, every species of E. coli and Providencia spp. showed greater ampicillin, amikacin, cefazolin, cefazolin, and nalidixic acid resistance than the others. The bivariate results indicate several antibiotic pairings, and isolates had meaningful associations. All MDR isolates were subjected to PCR, which revealed that blaCTX-M-15 genes predominated among the isolates, followed by the blaTEM class (37%). Isolates also had the qnrS, aac-6´-Ib-cr, and gyrA genes. The findings provide worrying indications of a major expansion of MDR isolates in the study locations, particularly the epidemiological balCTX-M 15, with the potential for the transmission of multi-drug-resistant UP strains in the population.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Asma Akter
- Department of Microbiology, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Noakhali, Bangladesh
| | - Sumita Rani Saha
- Department of Microbiology, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Noakhali, Bangladesh
| | - Firoz Ahmed
- Department of Microbiology, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Noakhali, Bangladesh
| | - Sameeha Alam
- Department of Microbiology, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Noakhali, Bangladesh
| | - Tamanna Jafar
- Department of Microbiology, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Noakhali, Bangladesh
| | - Otun Saha
- Department of Microbiology, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Noakhali, Bangladesh.
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Lima LS, Proietti-junior AA, Rodrigues YC, da Silva Vieira MC, Lima LNGC, de Oliveira Souza C, Dias Gonçalves V, de Oliveira Lima M, dos Prazeres Rodrigues D, Lima KVB. High Genetic Diversity and Antimicrobial Resistance in Escherichia coli Highlight Arapaima gigas (Pisces: Arapaimidae) as a Reservoir of Quinolone-Resistant Strains in Brazilian Amazon Rivers. Microorganisms 2022; 10:808. [PMID: 35456858 PMCID: PMC9030826 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10040808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Revised: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
The increasing prevalence of multi-drug resistant (MDR) Escherichia coli in distinct ecological niches, comprising water sources and food-producing animals, such as fish species, has been widely reported. In the present study, quinolone-resistant E. coli isolates from Arapirama gigas, a major fish species in the Brazilian Amazon rivers and fish farms, were characterized regarding their antimicrobial susceptibility, virulence, and genetic diversity. A total of forty (40) specimens of A. gigas, including 20 farmed and 20 wild fish, were included. Thirty-four quinolone-resistant E. coli isolates were phenotypically tested by broth microdilution, while resistance and virulence genes were detected by PCR. Molecular epidemiology and genetic relatedness were analyzed by MLST and PFGE typing. The majority of isolates were classified as MDR and detected harboring blaCTX-M, qnrA and qnrB genes. Enterotoxigenic E. coli pathotype (ETEC) isolates were presented in low prevalence among farmed animals. MLST and PFGE genotyping revealed a wide genetic background, including the detection of internationally spread clones. The obtained data point out A. gigas as a reservoir in Brazilian Amazon aquatic ecosystems and warns of the interference of AMR strains in wildlife and environmental matrices.
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Monte DF, Lincopan N, Berman H, Cerdeira L, Keelara S, Thakur S, Fedorka-Cray PJ, Landgraf M. Genomic Features of High-Priority Salmonella enterica Serovars Circulating in the Food Production Chain, Brazil, 2000-2016. Sci Rep 2019; 9:11058. [PMID: 31363103 PMCID: PMC6667439 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-45838-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2019] [Accepted: 06/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Multidrug-resistant (MDR) Salmonella enterica has been deemed a high-priority pathogen by the World Health Organization. Two hundred and sixty-four Salmonella enterica isolates recovered over a 16-year period (2000 to 2016) from the poultry and swine production chains, in Brazil, were investigated by whole-genome sequencing (WGS). Most international lineages belonging to 28 serovars, including, S. enterica serovars S. Schwarzengrund ST96, S. Typhimurium ST19, S. Minnesota ST548, S. Infantis ST32, S. Heidelberg ST15, S. Newport ST45, S. Brandenburg ST65 and S. Kentucky ST198 displayed MDR and virulent genetic backgrounds. In this regard, resistome analysis revealed presence of qnrE1 (identified for the first time in S. Typhimurium from food chain), qnrB19, qnrS1, blaCTX-M-8, blaCTX-M-2 and blaCMY-2 genes, as well as gyrA mutations; whereas ColpVC, IncHI2A, IncHI2, IncFIA, Incl1, IncA/C2, IncR, IncX1 and po111 plasmids were detected. In addition, phylogenetic analysis revealed multiple independent lineages such as S. enterica serovars S. Infantis, S. Schwarzengrund, S. Minnesota, S. Kentucky and S. Brandenburg. In brief, ocurrence and persistence of international lineages of S. enterica serovars in food production chain is supported by conserved genomes and wide virulome and resistome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel F Monte
- Department of Food and Experimental Nutrition, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Food Research Center, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil. .,Department of Population Health and Pathobiology, North Carolina State University, College of Veterinary Medicine, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA.
| | - Nilton Lincopan
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Department of Clinical Analysis, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Hanna Berman
- Department of Population Health and Pathobiology, North Carolina State University, College of Veterinary Medicine, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
| | - Louise Cerdeira
- Department of Clinical Analysis, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Shivaramu Keelara
- Department of Population Health and Pathobiology, North Carolina State University, College of Veterinary Medicine, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
| | - Siddhartha Thakur
- Department of Population Health and Pathobiology, North Carolina State University, College of Veterinary Medicine, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
| | - Paula J Fedorka-Cray
- Department of Population Health and Pathobiology, North Carolina State University, College of Veterinary Medicine, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
| | - Mariza Landgraf
- Department of Food and Experimental Nutrition, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Food Research Center, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
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Volcão LM, Lacava JP, Gewehr MF, Leal VL, Ramis IB, Ramos DF, Gonçalves CV, Possuelo LG, Minarini LAR, da Silva PEA, von Groll A. High frequency of aac(6')-Ib-cr gene associated with double mutations in gyrA and parC in Escherichia coli isolates from patients with urinary tract infections. J Glob Antimicrob Resist 2018; 13:180-183. [PMID: 29307860 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgar.2017.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2017] [Revised: 12/13/2017] [Accepted: 12/28/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aims of this study were (i) to determine the frequency of plasmid-mediated resistance to fluoroquinolones (FQs) in Escherichia coli isolated from patients with urinary tract infections (UTIs) of nosocomial and community origin and (ii) to determine the relationships between the presence of extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs), mutations in the gyrA and parC genes, and resistance to FQs. METHODS A total of 71 E. coli isolates, including 38 ESBL-producers and 33 non-ESBL-producers, were analysed. The aac(6')-Ib gene was amplified using PCR and was subsequently digested with the BtsCI restriction enzyme to identify aac(6')-Ib-cr, a variant associated with FQ resistance. Detection of qnr genes was performed by multiplex PCR. In isolates that tested positive for these genes, the gyrA and parC genes were sequenced and the modulation factor of an efflux pump inhibitor was determined on the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of norfloxacin. RESULTS The frequencies of qnrS, qnrB and qnrA were 4.2%, 2.8% and 0%, respectively. The frequency of aac(6')-Ib-cr was 40.8% and this variant was associated with double mutations in gyrA and parC as well as resistance to FQs and ESBL production. Modulation of efflux pump activity was more frequent in resistant isolates that had a wild-type parC gene. CONCLUSION An interplay of resistance mechanisms increased the level of resistance to FQs, and the high frequency of putative plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance genes associated with ESBL-producing isolates reduced therapeutic options to treat UTIs in the affected population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisiane M Volcão
- Medical Microbiology Research Center (NUPEMM), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande - FURG, Rio Grande, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Juliano P Lacava
- Medical Microbiology Research Center (NUPEMM), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande - FURG, Rio Grande, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Martina F Gewehr
- Parque Científico e Tecnológico Regional, Universidade de Santa Cruz do Sul (UNISC), Santa Cruz do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Valéria L Leal
- Parque Científico e Tecnológico Regional, Universidade de Santa Cruz do Sul (UNISC), Santa Cruz do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Ivy B Ramis
- Medical Microbiology Research Center (NUPEMM), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande - FURG, Rio Grande, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Daniela F Ramos
- Medical Microbiology Research Center (NUPEMM), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande - FURG, Rio Grande, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Carla V Gonçalves
- Medical Microbiology Research Center (NUPEMM), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande - FURG, Rio Grande, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Lia G Possuelo
- Parque Científico e Tecnológico Regional, Universidade de Santa Cruz do Sul (UNISC), Santa Cruz do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Luciene A R Minarini
- Laboratório Multidisciplinar em Saúde e Meio Ambiente, Instituto de Ciências Ambientais, Químicas e Farmacêuticas-Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Diadema, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Pedro E A da Silva
- Medical Microbiology Research Center (NUPEMM), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande - FURG, Rio Grande, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Andrea von Groll
- Medical Microbiology Research Center (NUPEMM), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande - FURG, Rio Grande, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
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Benaicha H, Barrijal S, Ezzakkioui F, Elmalki F. Prevalence of PMQR genes in E. coli and Klebsiella spp. isolated from North-West of Morocco. J Glob Antimicrob Resist 2017; 10:321-325. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jgar.2017.05.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2016] [Revised: 05/18/2017] [Accepted: 05/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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Oliveira-Pinto C, Diamantino C, Oliveira PL, Reis MP, Costa PS, Paiva MC, Nardi RMD, Magalhães PP, Chartone-Souza E, Nascimento AMA. Occurrence and characterization of class 1 integrons in Escherichia coli from healthy individuals and those with urinary infection. J Med Microbiol 2017; 66:577-583. [DOI: 10.1099/jmm.0.000468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Clarisse Oliveira-Pinto
- Departamento de Biologia Geral, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais; Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Cristiane Diamantino
- Departamento de Biologia Geral, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais; Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Patrícia L Oliveira
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais; Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Mariana P Reis
- Departamento de Biologia Geral, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais; Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Patrícia S Costa
- Departamento de Biologia Geral, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais; Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Magna C Paiva
- Campus Dona Lindu, Universidade Federal de São João del Rei, Divinópolis, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Regina M. D Nardi
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais; Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Paula P Magalhães
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais; Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Edmar Chartone-Souza
- Departamento de Biologia Geral, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais; Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Andréa M. A Nascimento
- Departamento de Biologia Geral, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais; Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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Scavuzzi AML, Maciel MAV, de Melo HRL, Alves LC, Brayner FA, Lopes ACS. Occurrence of qnrB1 and qnrB12 genes, mutation in gyrA and ramR, and expression of efflux pumps in isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae carriers of bla
KPC-2. J Med Microbiol 2017; 66:477-484. [DOI: 10.1099/jmm.0.000452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Alexsandra Maria Lima Scavuzzi
- Centro de Pesquisas Aggeu Magalhães (CPqAM-Fiocruz), Recife-PE, Brazil
- Departamento de Medicina Tropical, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), 50.732-970, Recife-PE, Brazil
| | - Maria Amélia Vieira Maciel
- Departamento de Medicina Tropical, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), 50.732-970, Recife-PE, Brazil
| | - Heloísa Ramos Lacerda de Melo
- Departamento de Medicina Tropical, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), 50.732-970, Recife-PE, Brazil
- Departamento de Clínica Médica, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), 50.732-970, Recife-PE, Brazil
| | - Luiz Carlos Alves
- Centro de Pesquisas Aggeu Magalhães (CPqAM-Fiocruz), Recife-PE, Brazil
| | - Fábio André Brayner
- Departamento de Medicina Tropical, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), 50.732-970, Recife-PE, Brazil
- Centro de Pesquisas Aggeu Magalhães (CPqAM-Fiocruz), Recife-PE, Brazil
| | - Ana Catarina Souza Lopes
- Departamento de Medicina Tropical, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), 50.732-970, Recife-PE, Brazil
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Paiva MC, Reis MP, Costa PS, Dias MF, Bleicher L, Scholte LLS, Nardi RMD, Nascimento AMA. Identification of new bacteria harboring qnrS and aac(6')-Ib/cr and mutations possibly involved in fluoroquinolone resistance in raw sewage and activated sludge samples from a full-scale WWTP. Water Res 2017; 110:27-37. [PMID: 27984803 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2016.11.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2016] [Revised: 11/22/2016] [Accepted: 11/23/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) harbor bacteria and antimicrobial resistance genes, favoring gene exchange events and resistance dissemination. Here, a culture-based and metagenomic survey of qnrA, qnrB, qnrS, and aac(6')-Ib genes from raw sewage (RS) and activated sludge (AS) of a full-scale municipal WWTP was performed. A total of 96 bacterial isolates were recovered from nalidixic acid-enrichment cultures. Bacteria harboring the aac(6')-Ib gene predominated in RS, whereas qnrS-positive isolates were specific to AS. Novel qnrS- and aac(6')-Ib-cr positive species were identified: Morganella morganii, Providencia rettgeri, and Pseudomonas guangdongensis (qnrS), and Alcaligenes faecalis and P. rettgeri (aac(6')-Ib-cr). Analysis of qnrS and aac(6')-Ib sequences from isolates and clone libraries suggested that the diversity of qnrS is wider than that of aac(6')-Ib. A large number of amino acid mutations were observed in the QnrS and AAC(6')-Ib proteins at previously undetected positions, whose structural implications are not clear. An accumulation of mutations at the C72, Q73, L74, A75 and M76 positions of QnrS, and D181 of AAC(6')-Ib might be important for resistance. These findings add significant information on bacteria harboring qnrS and aac(6')-Ib genes, and the presence of novel mutations that may eventually emerge in clinical isolates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magna C Paiva
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Campus Dona Lindu, Universidade Federal de São João del Rei, Divinópolis, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Mariana P Reis
- Departamento de Biologia Geral, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Patrícia S Costa
- Departamento de Biologia Geral, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Marcela F Dias
- Departamento de Biologia Geral, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Lucas Bleicher
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Larissa L S Scholte
- Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou - FIOCRUZ, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Regina M D Nardi
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Andréa M A Nascimento
- Departamento de Biologia Geral, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
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Martins WMBS, Almeida ACS, Nicoletti AG, Cayô R, Gales AC, Alves LC, Brayner FB, Vilela MA, Morais MMC. Coproduction of KPC-2 and QnrB19 in Klebsiella pneumoniae ST340 isolate in Brazil. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis 2015; 83:375-6. [PMID: 26458280 DOI: 10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2015.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2015] [Revised: 09/04/2015] [Accepted: 09/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Few reports described the presence of bla(KPC) and qnr genes in the same isolate. This study reports the combination of bla(KPC-2) and qnrB19 genes in Klebsiella pneumoniae ST340 isolate in Brazil. These findings draw attention to this combination in ST340 isolate, which is part of the CC258, disseminated in Latin America.
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Affiliation(s)
- Willames M B S Martins
- Laboratório de Resistência Microbiana, Universidade de Pernambuco-UPE, Recife PE, Brazil; Laboratório de Biologia Celular e Molecular, Centro de Pesquisas Aggeu Magalhães (CPqAM)-FIOCRUZ/PE, Recife PE, Brazil
| | - Anna C S Almeida
- Laboratório de Resistência Microbiana, Universidade de Pernambuco-UPE, Recife PE, Brazil; Departamento de Biologia, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco-UFRPE, Recife PE, Brazil.
| | - Adriana G Nicoletti
- Laboratório Alerta, Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Escola Paulista de Medicina/Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Cayô
- Laboratório Alerta, Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Escola Paulista de Medicina/Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ana C Gales
- Laboratório Alerta, Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Escola Paulista de Medicina/Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luiz C Alves
- Laboratório de Biologia Celular e Molecular, Centro de Pesquisas Aggeu Magalhães (CPqAM)-FIOCRUZ/PE, Recife PE, Brazil
| | - Fábio B Brayner
- Laboratório de Biologia Celular e Molecular, Centro de Pesquisas Aggeu Magalhães (CPqAM)-FIOCRUZ/PE, Recife PE, Brazil
| | - Marinalda A Vilela
- Laboratório de Resistência Microbiana, Universidade de Pernambuco-UPE, Recife PE, Brazil
| | - Márcia M C Morais
- Laboratório de Resistência Microbiana, Universidade de Pernambuco-UPE, Recife PE, Brazil
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Urinary tract infection (UTI) is commonly experienced by women of various age groups especially elderly ones. We planned to find out the prevalent microbial strains causing UTI in slum inhabitant adolescent and adult women in Dhaka City, Bangladesh. METHODS AND MATERIALS Urine sample was collected from 462 UTI suspected female subjects. Pathogenic bacteria were identified using standard microbiological tests, and antimicrobial sensitivity profiles of the pathogens were determined. RESULTS Bacteriuria was present in 9% of the subjects. A higher incidence (16.8%) of UTI was noted among adult women aged above 19 years. Escherichia coli (69%), Streptococcus spp. (15%) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (7%) were more frequently isolated from the urine samples compared to Enterococcus faecalis (3%), Staphylococcus aureus (2%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (2%) and Hafnia alvei (2%). The E. coli isolates showed complete resistance to commonly used drugs, and 58% of these isolates were multidrug resistant (MDR). Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) values for ciprofloxacin ranged between 64µg/ml and 512µg/ml, and the Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) values against the isolates were 128µg/ml or above. Isolated strains of E. coli exhibited equal extent of ciprofloxacin resistance irrespective of the presence or absence of plasmid in them. CONCLUSION The extent of drug resistance among the uropathogens if ignored may render them uncontrollable. This study suggests regular monitoring of drug resistance phenotype of the UTI pathogens to reduce the morbidity of female UTI patients and offer better treatment strategy in the healthcare sectors of Bangladesh.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - M Firoz Ahmed
- Department of Microbiology, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Aleya Begum
- Department of Zoology, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh
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Rocha LKL, Neto RLDS, Guimarães ACDC, Almeida ACS, Vilela MA, Morais MMCD. Plasmid-mediated qnrA1 in Klebsiella pneumoniae ST147 in Recife, Brazil. Int J Infect Dis 2014; 26:49-50. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2014.04.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2014] [Revised: 04/22/2014] [Accepted: 04/26/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
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Bonelli RR, Moreira BM, Picão RC. Antimicrobial resistance among Enterobacteriaceae in South America: history, current dissemination status and associated socioeconomic factors. Drug Resist Updat 2014; 17:24-36. [PMID: 24618111 DOI: 10.1016/j.drup.2014.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
South America exhibits some of the higher rates of antimicrobial resistance in Enterobactericeae worldwide. This continent includes 12 independent countries with huge socioeconomic differences, where the ample access to antimicrobials, including counterfeit ones, coexists with ineffective health systems and sanitation problems, favoring the emergence and dissemination of resistant strains. This work presents a literature review concerning the evolution and current status of antimicrobial resistance threats found among Enterobacteriaceae in South America. Resistance to β-lactams, fluoroquinolones and aminoglycosides was emphasized along with description of key epidemiological studies that highlight the success of specific resistance determinants in different parts of the continent. In addition, a discussion regarding political and socioeconomic factors possibly related to the dissemination of antimicrobial resistant strains in clinical settings and at the community is presented. Finally, in order to assess the possible sources of resistant bacteria, we compile the current knowledge about the occurrence of antimicrobial resistance in isolates in South American' food, food-producing animals and off-hospitals environments. By addressing that intensive intercontinental commerce and tourism neutralizes the protective effect of geographic barriers, we provide arguments reinforcing that globally integrated efforts are needed to decelerate the emergence and dissemination of antimicrobial resistant strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Regina Bonelli
- LIM Laboratório Integrado de Microbiologia, Instituto de Microbiologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Beatriz Meurer Moreira
- LIM Laboratório Integrado de Microbiologia, Instituto de Microbiologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Renata Cristina Picão
- LIM Laboratório Integrado de Microbiologia, Instituto de Microbiologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
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