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Dos Santos Guimarães A, Maciel LAM, de Souza MFB, Rodrigues LRR. Karyotypic and Molecular Analysis of Pterygoplichthys pardalis (Castelnau 1855) from the Lower Amazon River. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:ani13091533. [PMID: 37174570 PMCID: PMC10177225 DOI: 10.3390/ani13091533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Pterygoplichthys pardalis is an armored catfish native to South America and an important resource for the ornamental fish industry. Recently, several exotic populations have been introduced into rivers on five continents. Despite its commercial and environmental importance, P. pardalis is poorly studied from a genetic perspective. In this study, we analyzed the karyotype of P. pardalis from the Amazon River and molecular variations in the mitochondrial gene Cytochrome oxidase I (COI) between native and exotic populations. The karyotype presented diploid number 2n = 52 and NF = 100 without cytogenetic variation between males and females. Nucleolus organizer regions (Ag-NOR) in the distal region of the long arm of pair 12 coincided with the 18S hybridization signal, whereas 5S was syntenic to this chromosome but localized in the short arm. The constitutive heterochromatin was restricted in the distal regions of pairs 4, 12, 25, and 26. Telomeric probes showed only distal hybridization signals. The karyotype of P. pardalis diverged from that of its congeners, and COI molecular variation revealed four haplotypes. The Philippine population revealed the greatest diversity with three haplotypes, while haplotype H1 was the most abundant and observed in both native and exotic populations. This new genetic data contributes to species management and provides useful information from an aquaculture perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alcimara Dos Santos Guimarães
- Graduate Program Natural Resources of Amazonia-PPGRNA, Federal University of Western Pará-UFOPA, Tapajós Campus, Vera Paz Street, Santarém 68040-255, PA, Brazil
- Graduate Program Society, Nature and Development-PPGSND, Federal University of Western Pará-UFOPA, Tapajós Campus, Vera Paz Street, Santarém 68040-255, PA, Brazil
| | - Luan Aércio Melo Maciel
- Graduate Program Society, Nature and Development-PPGSND, Federal University of Western Pará-UFOPA, Tapajós Campus, Vera Paz Street, Santarém 68040-255, PA, Brazil
| | - Mendelshon Fujiie Belém de Souza
- Genetics and Biodiversity Laboratory-LGBio, Educational Sciences Institute-ICED, Federal University of Western Pará-UFOPA, Tapajós Campus, Vera Paz Street, Santarém 68040-255, PA, Brazil
| | - Luís Reginaldo Ribeiro Rodrigues
- Graduate Program Natural Resources of Amazonia-PPGRNA, Federal University of Western Pará-UFOPA, Tapajós Campus, Vera Paz Street, Santarém 68040-255, PA, Brazil
- Genetics and Biodiversity Laboratory-LGBio, Educational Sciences Institute-ICED, Federal University of Western Pará-UFOPA, Tapajós Campus, Vera Paz Street, Santarém 68040-255, PA, Brazil
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Amorim KDJ, Cioffi MDB, Bertollo LAC, Soares RX, de Souza AS, da Costa GWWF, Molina WF. Co-located 18S/5S rDNA arrays: an ancient and unusual chromosomal trait in Julidini species (Labridae, Perciformes). COMPARATIVE CYTOGENETICS 2016; 10:555-570. [PMID: 28123678 PMCID: PMC5240509 DOI: 10.3897/compcytogen.v10i4.10227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2016] [Accepted: 09/28/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Wrasses (Labridae) are extremely diversified marine fishes, whose species exhibit complex interactions with the reef environment. They are widely distributed in the Indian, Pacific and Atlantic oceans. Their species have displayed a number of karyotypic divergent processes, including chromosomal regions with complex structural organization. Current cytogenetic information for this family is phylogenetically and geographically limited and mainly based on conventional cytogenetic techniques. Here, the distribution patterns of heterochromatin, GC-specific chromosome regions and Ag-NORs, and the organization of 18S and 5S rDNA sites of the Atlantic species Thalassoma noronhanum (Boulenger, 1890), Halichoeres poeyi (Steindachner, 1867), Halichoeres radiatus (Linnaeus, 1758), Halichoeres brasiliensis (Bloch, 1791) and Halichoeres penrosei Starks, 1913, belonging to the tribe Julidini were analyzed. All the species exhibited 2n=48 chromosomes with variation in the number of chromosome arms among genera. Thalassoma noronhanum has 2m+46a, while species of the genus Halichoeres Rüppell, 1835 share karyotypes with 48 acrocentric chromosomes. The Halichoeres species exhibit differences in the heterochromatin distribution patterns and in the number and distribution of 18S and 5S rDNA sites. The occurrence of 18S/5S rDNA syntenic arrangements in all the species indicates a functionally stable and adaptive genomic organization. The phylogenetic sharing of this rDNA organization highlights a marked and unusual chromosomal singularity inside the family Labridae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karlla Danielle Jorge Amorim
- Departamento de Biologia Celular e Genética, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Campus Universitário, Lagoa Nova, 3000, 59078-970, Natal, RN, Brasil
| | - Marcelo de Bello Cioffi
- Departamento de Genética e Evolução, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Rodovia Washington Luís, km 235,13565-905, São Carlos, SP, Brasil
| | - Luiz Antonio Carlos Bertollo
- Departamento de Genética e Evolução, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Rodovia Washington Luís, km 235,13565-905, São Carlos, SP, Brasil
| | - Rodrigo Xavier Soares
- Departamento de Biologia Celular e Genética, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Campus Universitário, Lagoa Nova, 3000, 59078-970, Natal, RN, Brasil
| | - Allyson Santos de Souza
- Departamento de Biologia Celular e Genética, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Campus Universitário, Lagoa Nova, 3000, 59078-970, Natal, RN, Brasil
| | - Gideão Wagner Werneck Felix da Costa
- Departamento de Biologia Celular e Genética, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Campus Universitário, Lagoa Nova, 3000, 59078-970, Natal, RN, Brasil
| | - Wagner Franco Molina
- Departamento de Biologia Celular e Genética, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Campus Universitário, Lagoa Nova, 3000, 59078-970, Natal, RN, Brasil
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García-Souto D, Troncoso T, Pérez M, Pasantes JJ. Molecular Cytogenetic Analysis of the European Hake Merluccius merluccius (Merlucciidae, Gadiformes): U1 and U2 snRNA Gene Clusters Map to the Same Location. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0146150. [PMID: 26716701 PMCID: PMC4696792 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0146150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2015] [Accepted: 12/13/2015] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The European hake (Merluccius merluccius) is a highly valuable and intensely fished species in which a long-term alive stock has been established in captivity for aquaculture purposes. Due to their huge economic importance, genetic studies on hakes were mostly focused on phylogenetic and phylogeographic aspects; however chromosome numbers are still not described for any of the fifteen species in the genus Merluccius. In this work we report a chromosome number of 2n = 42 and a karyotype composed of three meta/submetacentric and 18 subtelo/telocentric chromosome pairs. Telomeric sequences appear exclusively at both ends of every single chromosome. Concerning rRNA genes, this species show a single 45S rDNA cluster at an intercalary location on the long arm of subtelocentric chromosome pair 12; the single 5S rDNA cluster is also intercalary to the long arm of chromosome pair 4. While U2 snRNA gene clusters map to a single subcentromeric position on chromosome pair 13, U1 snRNA gene clusters seem to appear on almost all chromosome pairs, but showing bigger clusters on pairs 5, 13, 16, 17 and 19. The brightest signals on pair 13 are coincident with the single U2 snRNA gene cluster signals. Therefore, the use of these probes allows the unequivocal identification of at least 7 of the chromosome pairs that compose the karyotype of Merluccius merluccius thus opening the way to integrate molecular genetics and cytological data on the study of the genome of this important species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel García-Souto
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Xenética e Inmunoloxía, Universidade de Vigo, Vigo, Spain
| | - Tomás Troncoso
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Xenética e Inmunoloxía, Universidade de Vigo, Vigo, Spain
- Grupo de Acuicultura Marina, Centro Oceanográfico de Vigo, Instituto Español de Oceanografía, Vigo, Spain
| | - Montse Pérez
- Grupo de Acuicultura Marina, Centro Oceanográfico de Vigo, Instituto Español de Oceanografía, Vigo, Spain
| | - Juan José Pasantes
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Xenética e Inmunoloxía, Universidade de Vigo, Vigo, Spain
- * E-mail:
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Ghigliotti L, Møller P, Cheng CH, Christiansen J, Fevolden SE, Pisano E. Exploring the diversity of Arctic eelpouts: First cytogenetic data on species of the genus Lycodes (Teleostei, Zoarcidae). Mar Genomics 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.margen.2012.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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