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Dobrut A, Siemińska I, Sroka-Oleksiak A, Drożdż K, Sobońska J, Mroczkowska U, Brzychczy-Włoch M. Molecular and phenotypic identification of bacterial species isolated from cows with mastitis from three regions of Poland. BMC Vet Res 2024; 20:193. [PMID: 38734661 PMCID: PMC11088075 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-023-03869-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bovine mastitis is a widespread disease affecting dairy cattle worldwide and it generates substantial losses for dairy farmers. Mastitis may be caused by bacteria, fungi or algae. The most common species isolated from infected milk are, among others, Streptococcus spp., Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and non-aureus staphylococci and mammaliicocci. The aim of this paper is to determine the frequency of occurrence of bacterial species in milk samples from cows with mastitis from three regions of Poland: the north-east, the south-west and the south. To this end 203 milk samples taken from cows with a clinical form (CM) of mastitis (n = 100) and healthy animals (n = 103) were examined, which included culture on an appropriate medium followed by molecular detection of E. coli, S. aureus, Streptococcus agalactiae and Streptococcus uberis, as one of the most common species isolated from mastitis milk. RESULTS The results obtained indicated that S. uberis was the most commonly cultivated CM species (38%, n = 38), followed by S. aureus (22%, n = 22), E. coli (21%, n = 21) and S. agalactiae (18%, n = 18). Similar frequencies in molecular methods were obtained for S. uberis (35.1%) and S. aureus (28.0%). The variation of sensitivity of both methods may be responsible for the differences in the E. coli (41.0%, p = 0.002) and S. agalactiae (5.0%, p = 0.004) detection rates. Significant differences in composition of species between three regions of Poland were noted for E. coli incidence (p < 0.001), in both the culture and molecular methods, but data obtained by the PCR method indicated that this species was the least common in north-eastern Poland, while the culture method showed that in north-eastern Poland E. coli was the most common species. Significant differences for the molecular method were also observed for S. uberis (p < 0.001) and S. aureus (p < 0.001). Both species were most common in southern and south-western Poland. CONCLUSIONS The results obtained confirm the need to introduce rapid molecular tests for veterinary diagnostics, as well as providing important epidemiological data, to the best of our knowledge data on Polish cows in selected areas of Poland is lacking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Dobrut
- Department of Molecular Medical Microbiology, Chair of Microbiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland.
| | - Izabela Siemińska
- Institute of Veterinary Sciences, University Center of Veterinary Medicine JU-AU, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Krakow, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Sroka-Oleksiak
- Department of Molecular Medical Microbiology, Chair of Microbiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - Kamil Drożdż
- Department of Molecular Medical Microbiology, Chair of Microbiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - Joanna Sobońska
- Department of Molecular Medical Microbiology, Chair of Microbiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | | | - Monika Brzychczy-Włoch
- Department of Molecular Medical Microbiology, Chair of Microbiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
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Sroka-Oleksiak A, Pabian W, Sobońska J, Drożdż K, Bogiel T, Brzychczy-Włoch M. Do NAAT-Based Methods Increase the Diagnostic Sensitivity of Streptococcus agalactiae Carriage Detection in Pregnant Women? Diagnostics (Basel) 2023; 13:diagnostics13050863. [PMID: 36900007 PMCID: PMC10001255 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics13050863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 02/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of the study was to evaluate particular polymerase chain reaction primers targeting selected representative genes and the influence of a preincubation step in a selective broth on the sensitivity of group B Streptococcus (GBS) detection by nucleic acid amplification techniques (NAAT). Research samples were vaginal and rectal swabs collected in duplicate from 97 pregnant women. They were used for enrichment broth culture-based diagnostics, bacterial DNA isolation, and amplification, using primers based on species-specific 16S rRNA, atr and cfb genes. To assess the sensitivity of GBS detection, additional isolation of samples preincubated in Todd-Hewitt broth with colistin and nalidixic acid was performed and then subjected to amplification again. The introduction of the preincubation step increased the sensitivity of GBS detection by about 33-63%. Moreover, NAAT made it possible to identify GBS DNA in an additional six samples that were negative in culture. The highest number of true positive results compared to the culture was obtained with the atr gene primers, as compared to cfb and 16S rRNA primers. Isolation of bacterial DNA after preincubation in enrichment broth significantly increases the sensitivity of NAAT-based methods applied for the detection of GBS from vaginal and rectal swabs. In the case of the cfb gene, the use of an additional gene to ensure the appropriate results should be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Sroka-Oleksiak
- Department of Molecular Medical Microbiology, Chair of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 31-121 Krakow, Poland
- Correspondence: (A.S.-O.); (T.B.); (M.B.-W.); Tel.: +48-1263-308-77 (A.S.-O.); +48-52-585-44-80 (T.B.); +48-1263-325-67 (M.B.-W.)
| | - Wojciech Pabian
- Clinical Department of Gynecological Endocrinology and Gynecology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 31-501 Krakow, Poland
| | - Joanna Sobońska
- Department of Molecular Medical Microbiology, Chair of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 31-121 Krakow, Poland
| | - Kamil Drożdż
- Department of Molecular Medical Microbiology, Chair of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 31-121 Krakow, Poland
| | - Tomasz Bogiel
- Department of Microbiology, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, 85-094 Bydgoszcz, Poland
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Antoni Jurasz University Hospital No. 1, 85-094 Bydgoszcz, Poland
- Correspondence: (A.S.-O.); (T.B.); (M.B.-W.); Tel.: +48-1263-308-77 (A.S.-O.); +48-52-585-44-80 (T.B.); +48-1263-325-67 (M.B.-W.)
| | - Monika Brzychczy-Włoch
- Department of Molecular Medical Microbiology, Chair of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 31-121 Krakow, Poland
- Correspondence: (A.S.-O.); (T.B.); (M.B.-W.); Tel.: +48-1263-308-77 (A.S.-O.); +48-52-585-44-80 (T.B.); +48-1263-325-67 (M.B.-W.)
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The correlation between vaginal microecological dysbiosis-related diseases and preterm birth: A review. MEDICINE IN MICROECOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.medmic.2021.100043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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Vieira LL, Perez AV, Machado MM, Kayser ML, Vettori DV, Alegretti AP, Ferreira CF, Vettorazzi J, Valério EG. Group B Streptococcus detection in pregnant women: comparison of qPCR assay, culture, and the Xpert GBS rapid test. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2019; 19:532. [PMID: 31888631 PMCID: PMC6937909 DOI: 10.1186/s12884-019-2681-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2019] [Accepted: 12/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Group B Streptococcus (GBS) is one of the most important causative agents of neonatal sepsis. As administration of prophylactic antibiotics during labor can prevent GBS infection, routine screening for this bacterium in prenatal care before the onset of labor is recommended. However, many women present in labor without having undergone such testing during antenatal care, and the turnaround time of detection methods is insufficient for results to be obtained before delivery. Methods Vaginal and anorectal specimens were collected from 270 pregnant women. Each sample was tested by Xpert GBS, qPCR, and culture for GBS detection. Results The overall prevalence of maternal GBS colonization was 30.7% according to Xpert GBS, 51.1% according to qPCR, and 14.3% according to cultures. Considering the qPCR method as the reference, the Xpert GBS had a sensitivity of 53% and specificity of 93%. Positive Xpert GBS results were correlated to marital status (married or cohabitating) and with prematurity as a cause of neonatal hospitalization. Positive cultures were related with ischemic–hypoxic encephalopathy requiring therapeutic hypothermia. Conclusions Combined enrichment/qPCR and the Xpert GBS rapid test found a high prevalence of GBS colonization. The Xpert GBS technique gives faster results and could be useful for evaluating mothers who present without antenatal GBS screening results and are at risk of preterm labor, thus allowing institution of prophylactic antibiotic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura L Vieira
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics Postgraduation Program in Health Sciences: Gynaecology and Obstetrics (PPGGO), School of Medicine (FAMED), Clinical Hospital of Porto Alegre (HCPA). Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Amanda V Perez
- Serviço de Obstetrícia e Ginecologia, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2350/1124, Santa Cecília, Porto Alegre, RS, CEP: 90035-903, Brazil.
| | - Monique M Machado
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics Postgraduation Program in Health Sciences: Gynaecology and Obstetrics (PPGGO), School of Medicine (FAMED), Clinical Hospital of Porto Alegre (HCPA). Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Michele L Kayser
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics Postgraduation Program in Health Sciences: Gynaecology and Obstetrics (PPGGO), School of Medicine (FAMED), Clinical Hospital of Porto Alegre (HCPA). Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Daniela V Vettori
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics Postgraduation Program in Health Sciences: Gynaecology and Obstetrics (PPGGO), School of Medicine (FAMED), Clinical Hospital of Porto Alegre (HCPA). Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula Alegretti
- Department of Molecular Biology, Clinical Hospital of Porto Alegre (HCPA), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Charles F Ferreira
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics Postgraduation Program in Health Sciences: Gynaecology and Obstetrics (PPGGO), School of Medicine (FAMED), Clinical Hospital of Porto Alegre (HCPA). Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Janete Vettorazzi
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics Postgraduation Program in Health Sciences: Gynaecology and Obstetrics (PPGGO), School of Medicine (FAMED), Clinical Hospital of Porto Alegre (HCPA). Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Edimárlei G Valério
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics Postgraduation Program in Health Sciences: Gynaecology and Obstetrics (PPGGO), School of Medicine (FAMED), Clinical Hospital of Porto Alegre (HCPA). Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
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Assessment of conventional PCR and real-time PCR compared to the gold standard method for screening Streptococcus agalactiae in pregnant women. Braz J Infect Dis 2018; 22:449-454. [PMID: 30471244 PMCID: PMC9425650 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjid.2018.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2017] [Revised: 05/11/2018] [Accepted: 09/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Group B Streptococcus is a causative agent of invasive neonatal infections. Maternal colonization by Streptococcus agalactiae is a necessary condition for vertical transmission, with efficient screening of pregnant women playing an essential role in the prevention of neonatal infections. In this study, we aimed to compare the performance of conventional polymerase chain reaction and real-time PCR assays as screening methods for S. agalactiae in pregnant women against the microbiological culture method considered as the gold-standard. A total of 130 samples from pregnant women were analyzed for sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value. Statistical analysis was performed using the SPSS software, version 20.0. The verified colonization rate was 3.8% with the gold-standard, 17.7% with conventional PCR assay, and 29.2% with the real-time PCR test. The trials with conventional PCR and real-time PCR had a sensitivity of 100% and a specificity of 85.6% and 73.6%, respectively. The real-time PCR assay had a better performance compared to the gold-standard and a greater detection rate of colonization by S. agalactiae compared to conventional PCR assay. With its quick results, it would be suitable for using in routine screenings, contributing to the optimization of preventive approaches to neonatal S. agalactiae infection.
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Wollheim C, Sperhacke RD, Fontana SKR, Vanni AC, Kato SK, Araújo PRD, Barth AL, Madi JM. Group B Streptococcus detection in pregnant women via culture and PCR methods. Rev Soc Bras Med Trop 2017; 50:179-183. [PMID: 28562753 DOI: 10.1590/0037-8682-0454-2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2016] [Accepted: 03/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: Group B Streptococcus (GBS), a source of neonatal infection, colonizes the gastrointestinal and genitourinary tracts of pregnant women. Routine screening for maternal GBS in late pregnancy and consequent intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis have reduced the incidence of early-onset GBS neonatal infection. The aim of this study was to evaluate the performance of PCR, compared to culture (gold standard), in GBS colonization screening of pregnant women, and to establish the prevalence of GBS colonization among this population. METHODS: Vaginal introitus and perianal samples were collected from 204 pregnant women, between the 35th and 37th weeks of pregnancy, at the Obstetrics and Gynecology Unit of the University of Caxias do Sul General Hospital between June 2008 and September 2009. All samples were cultured after enrichment in a selective medium and then assayed by culture and PCR methods. RESULTS: The culture and PCR methods yielded detection rates of vaginal/perianal GBS colonization of 22.5% and 26%, respectively (sensitivity 100%; specificity 95.6%; positive and negative predictive values 86.8% and 100%, respectively). A higher prevalence of GBS colonization was detected in the combined vaginal and perianal samples by both culture and PCR assay analyses. CONCLUSIONS: PCR is a faster and more efficient method for GBS screening, allowing for optimal identification of women who should receive intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis to prevent newborn infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cláudia Wollheim
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Clínica, Universidade de Caxias do Sul, RS, Brasil
| | - Rosa Dea Sperhacke
- Laboratório de Pesquisa em HIV/AIDS, Universidade de Caxias do Sul, RS, Brasil
| | | | | | - Sérgio Kakuta Kato
- Laboratório de Pesquisa em HIV/AIDS, Universidade de Caxias do Sul, RS, Brasil.,Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil.,Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil
| | | | | | - José Mauro Madi
- Departamento de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia, Hospital Geral, Universidade de Caxias do Sul, RS, Brasil
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