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Becchi LK, Jorge C, de Camargo GF, Barbosa LR, Soares MA, Serrão JE, Zanuncio JC, Wilcken CF. Oviposition behaviour of mated or unmated Cleruchoides noackae (Hymenoptera: Mymaridae). PLoS One 2020; 15:e0239285. [PMID: 33006986 PMCID: PMC7531830 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0239285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Cleruchoides noackae (Hymenoptera: Mymaridae), native to Australia, is the most promising biological control agent for Thaumastocoris peregrinus (Hemiptera: Thaumastocoridae), an exotic Eucalyptus spp. pest in Brazil. The aim of this study was to determine the courtship behaviour, mating and oviposition of unmated or mated C. noackae females parasitizing T. peregrinus eggs utilizing the same rearing system used in biological control programmes in Brazil. The mating behaviour of eleven C. noackae unmated couples was observed and the time taken for males and females to find each other in polystyrene vials and the duration and number of copulations were recorded. Ten unmated or mated females were placed individually in vials with 10 T. peregrinus eggs each, and oviposition behaviour, percentage of eggs inserted and parasitized, viability and sex ratio of emerged C. noackae were recorded. This species lacked defined courtship behaviour and mated in less than an hour after adults' emergence. The time spent finding the first host, evaluating and inserting the ovipositor was similar for mated and unmated C. noackae females, as well as the frequency of inserted and parasitized eggs and their viability. Mated females took less time to find other host eggs and the sex ratio is female-biased. Occurrence of arrhenotokous parthenogenesis was confirmed. The ability of C. noackae to mate and lay eggs in less than one hour and parasitism of T. peregrinus eggs by females can improve the parasitoid mass rearing and biological control of T. peregrinus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luciane Katarine Becchi
- Departament of Plant Protection, School of Agricultural Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Campus of Botucatu, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Carolina Jorge
- Instituto Superior de Estudios Forestales, CENUR Noreste Sede Tacuarembó, Universidad de la República, Tacuarembó, Uruguay
| | | | | | - Marcus Alvarenga Soares
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Produção Vegetal, Universidade Federal dos Vales Jequitinhonha e Mucuri (UFVJM), Diamantina, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - José Eduardo Serrão
- Departamento de Biologia Geral/BIOAGRO, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - José Cola Zanuncio
- Departamento de Entomologia/BIOAGRO, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Carlos Frederico Wilcken
- Departament of Plant Protection, School of Agricultural Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Campus of Botucatu, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
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Laurentis VL, Ramalho DG, Santos NA, Carvalho VFP, Vacari AM, De Bortoli SA, Veneziani RCS, da Costa Inácio G, Dami BG. Performance of Trichogramma pretiosum Riley (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) on eggs of Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). Sci Rep 2019; 9:1156. [PMID: 30718578 PMCID: PMC6362251 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-37797-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2018] [Accepted: 12/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) is a polyphagous pest with a wide geographic distribution. This pest first arrived in Brazil in 2013, and since then studies on possible control methods for it have been necessary. A possible method for the control of H. armigera is using the egg parasitoid Trichogramma pretiosum Riley (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae). Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the performance of T. pretiosum on H. armigera eggs, which are known to represent suitable hosts for the development of this parasitoid species in the laboratory. Parasitism and emergence rates and the duration of the egg-to-adult period of T. pretiosum were investigated following 24- and 48-h exposures of this parasitoid to H. armigera and Corcyra cephalonica (Stainton) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) eggs. The longevity of offspring after the 24-h exposure was studied, as well as the frequency of parasitism and emergence, host preference, and the emergence of offspring from eggs of different ages or oviposited by lepidopterans on different days. Parasitism was 14.4 and 34.9% more frequent on C. cephalonica than on H. armigera after 24 and 48 h of exposure, respectively. In C. cephalonica, parasitism was 27.2% higher after 48 h. Parasitism was more frequent on C. cephalonica eggs collected on the second day of oviposition (76.2%), and on H. armigera on the third day of oviposition (71.1%). Parasitism frequency was lower on 2-day-old C. cephalonica eggs (63.3%) and on 3-day-old H. armigera eggs (41.3%). When tested with a chance of choice between hosts, T. pretiosum preferred H. armigera, while in the test with no chance of choice there was no difference in preference. Thus, T. pretiosum may be considered a tool for the Integrated Pest Management (IPM) of H. armigera.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valéria Lucas Laurentis
- Laboratory of Biology and Insect Rearing (LBIR), Department of Plant Protection, São Paulo State University FCAV-Unesp, 14884-900, Via de Acesso Prof. Paulo Donato Castellane s/n, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Dagmara Gomes Ramalho
- Department of Biology, São Paulo University FFCLRP-USP, 14040-900, Avenida Bandeirantes, 3900, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Nathália Alves Santos
- Department of Biology, São Paulo University FFCLRP-USP, 14040-900, Avenida Bandeirantes, 3900, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Vanessa Fabíola Pereira Carvalho
- Laboratory of Biology and Insect Rearing (LBIR), Department of Plant Protection, São Paulo State University FCAV-Unesp, 14884-900, Via de Acesso Prof. Paulo Donato Castellane s/n, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Alessandra Marieli Vacari
- Animal Science Graduate Program, University of Franca Unifran, 14404-600, Avenida Dr Armando Salles de Oliveira, 201, Parque Universitário, Franca, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Sergio Antonio De Bortoli
- Laboratory of Biology and Insect Rearing (LBIR), Department of Plant Protection, São Paulo State University FCAV-Unesp, 14884-900, Via de Acesso Prof. Paulo Donato Castellane s/n, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Cassio Sola Veneziani
- Animal Science Graduate Program, University of Franca Unifran, 14404-600, Avenida Dr Armando Salles de Oliveira, 201, Parque Universitário, Franca, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Gabriel da Costa Inácio
- Animal Science Graduate Program, University of Franca Unifran, 14404-600, Avenida Dr Armando Salles de Oliveira, 201, Parque Universitário, Franca, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Bruno Gomes Dami
- Animal Science Graduate Program, University of Franca Unifran, 14404-600, Avenida Dr Armando Salles de Oliveira, 201, Parque Universitário, Franca, São Paulo, Brazil
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Leite GLD, de Paulo PD, Zanuncio JC, Tavares WDS, Alvarenga AC, Dourado LR, Bispo EPR, Soares MA. Nicosulfuron Plus Atrazine Herbicides and Trichogrammatidae (Hymenoptera) in No-Choice Test: Selectivity and Hormesis. BULLETIN OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2017; 99:589-594. [PMID: 28975358 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-017-2174-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2017] [Accepted: 08/29/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of the herbicide mixture nicosulfuron + atrazine on 10 trichogrammatid species. A female of each trichogrammatid was placed in a test tube (no-choice) with a card with 45 Anagasta kuehniella eggs. Parasitism was allowed over a 48 h period, then the cards were sprayed with a solution containing nicosulfuron (30 g ha-1) + atrazine (1500 g ha-1), besides the control (distilled water). The nicosulfuron + atrazine mixture increased the Trichogramma atopovirilia and T. pretiosum female emergence. The percentage of T. acacioi, T. atopovilia and T. pretiosum male parasitoids emerged was higher in the control, and for T. demoraesi and Trichogrammatoidea annulata with nicosulfuron + atrazine. Sex ratio of the trichogrammatids was similar with nicosulfuron + atrazine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Germano L D Leite
- Insetário G.W.G. de Moraes, Instituto de Ciências Agrárias, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Montes Claros, Minas Gerais, 39404-006, Brazil
| | - Paula D de Paulo
- Insetário G.W.G. de Moraes, Instituto de Ciências Agrárias, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Montes Claros, Minas Gerais, 39404-006, Brazil
| | - José C Zanuncio
- Departamento de Entomologia/BIOAGRO, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, 36570-900, Brazil
| | - Wagner de S Tavares
- Departamento de Fitotecnia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, 36570-900, Brazil.
| | - Anarelly C Alvarenga
- Insetário G.W.G. de Moraes, Instituto de Ciências Agrárias, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Montes Claros, Minas Gerais, 39404-006, Brazil
| | - Luan R Dourado
- Insetário G.W.G. de Moraes, Instituto de Ciências Agrárias, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Montes Claros, Minas Gerais, 39404-006, Brazil
| | - Edilson P R Bispo
- Insetário G.W.G. de Moraes, Instituto de Ciências Agrárias, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Montes Claros, Minas Gerais, 39404-006, Brazil
| | - Marcus A Soares
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Produção Vegetal, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Diamantina, Minas Gerais, 39100-000, Brazil
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DaSilva CSB, Morelli R, Parra JRP. Effects of Self-Superparasitism and Temperature on Biological Traits of Two Neotropical Trichogramma (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) Species. JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY 2016; 109:1555-1563. [PMID: 27354510 DOI: 10.1093/jee/tow126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2015] [Accepted: 05/14/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
It is common for a female trichogrammatid to lay more than one egg per host, a phenomenon known as self-superparasitism, which exposes her offspring to intraspecific, intrinsic competition (IIC) with its own siblings. Information about how often self-superparasitism occurs and how IIC interacts with abiotic factors is rare, especially regarding the Neotropical Trichogramma species. Here we determined the frequency of self-superparasitism in Trichogramma atopovirilia Oatman & Platner (Ta) and T. pretiosum Riley (Tp), and the effects of IIC and temperature on the sex ratio, egg-to-adulthood period, and survivorship of both species' offspring. Individual females were offered eggs of Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith) for 30 min. A group of parasitized hosts was then dissected for determination of the self-superparasitism frequency, while another group was incubated at 15, 18, 21, 24, 27, 30, and 33°C. High rates of self-superparasitism were found in both Ta (0.55 ± 0.07) and Tp (0.62 ± 0.06). IIC interacted with temperature decreasing Ta and Tp's survivorship, lengthening the egg-to-adulthood period in Tp and shortening it in Ta, and balancing Ta's sex ratio. Based on survivorship rate, Ta and Tp could not be differentiated if their immatures develop in absence of IIC. However, in its presence, Tp was 3 × more likely to survive than Ta at 33°C, while at 15°C Ta survived 2× better than Tp These results show that self-superparasitism can be very common in both Ta and Tp, and that its effects on the species' biological traits and competitiveness strongly depend on the IIC-temperature interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- C S B DaSilva
- Laboratório de Biologia de Insetos, Departamento de Entomologia e Acarologia, Escola Superior de Agricultura "Luiz de Queiroz", Universidade de São Paulo. Address: Av. Pádua Dias, 11, Piracicaba-SP, Brazil, 13418-900 (; ), Corresponding author, e-mail: , and
| | - Renata Morelli
- Laboratório de Ecologia Química e Comportamento de Insetos, Departamento de Entomologia e Acarologia, Escola Superior de Agricultura "Luiz de Queiroz", Universidade de São Paulo. Address: Av. Pádua Dias, 11, Piracicaba-SP, Brazil, 13418-900
| | - J R P Parra
- Laboratório de Biologia de Insetos, Departamento de Entomologia e Acarologia, Escola Superior de Agricultura "Luiz de Queiroz", Universidade de São Paulo. Address: Av. Pádua Dias, 11, Piracicaba-SP, Brazil, 13418-900 (; )
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Andrade GS, Serrão JE, Zanuncio JC, Zanuncio TV, Leite GLD, Polanczyk RA. Immunity of an alternative host can be overcome by higher densities of its parasitoids Palmistichus elaeisis and Trichospilus diatraeae. PLoS One 2010; 5:e13231. [PMID: 20975929 PMCID: PMC2958748 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0013231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2010] [Accepted: 09/11/2010] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Interactions of the parasitoids Palmistichus elaeisis Delvare & LaSalle and Trichospilus diatraeae Cherian & Margabandhu (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) with its alternative host Anticarsia gemmatalis (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) affect the success or failure of the mass production of these parasitoids for use in integrated pest management programs. The aim of this study was to evaluate changes in the cellular defense and encapsulation ability of A. gemmatalis pupae against P. elaeisis or T. diatraeae in adult parasitoid densities of 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11 or 13 parasitoids/pupae. We evaluated the total quantity of circulating hemocytes and the encapsulation rate versus density. Increasing parasitoid density reduced the total number of hemocytes in the hemolymph and the encapsulation rate by parasitized pupae. Furthermore, densities of P. elaeisis above 5 parasitoids/pupae caused higher reduction in total hemocyte numbers. The encapsulation rate fell with increasing parasitoid density. However, parasitic invasion by both species induced generally similar responses. The reduction in defensive capacity of A. gemmatalis is related to the adjustment of the density of these parasitoids to their development in this host. Thus, the role of the density of P. elaeisis or T. diatraeae by pupa is induced suppression of cellular defense and encapsulation of the host, even without them possesses a co-evolutionary history. Furthermore, these findings can predict the success of P. elaeisis and T. diatraeae in the control of insect pests through the use of immunology as a tool for evaluation of natural enemies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - José Eduardo Serrão
- Departamento de Biologia Geral, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Brazil
| | - José Cola Zanuncio
- Departamento de Biologia Animal, BIOAGRO, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Brazil
- * E-mail:
| | | | | | - Ricardo Antonio Polanczyk
- Departamento de Proteção de Plantas, Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho (UNESP), Universidade do Estado de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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