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Wang BB, Zhang N, Gong PT, Li JH, Yang J, Zhang HB, Zhang XC, Cai KZ. Morphological variability, molecular phylogeny, and biological characteristics of the nematophagous fungus Duddingtonia flagrans. J Basic Microbiol 2019; 59:645-657. [PMID: 30900744 DOI: 10.1002/jobm.201800610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2018] [Revised: 03/04/2019] [Accepted: 03/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
This study aims to investigate the molecular phylogenetic analysis, morphological variability, nematode-capturing ability, and other biological properties of Chinese Duddingtonia flagrans isolates. We isolated 13 isolates of D. flagrans and found features that have never been reported before, such as two to three septa incluing club-shaped conidia. Meanwhile, we conducted molecular phylogenetic analysis of the seven isolates and tested the radical growth of the isolates under different pH values, temperatures, and media. The capturing ability against infective larvae (L3) of Cooperia spp. in yak was detected in vitro. Finally, one isolate was selected for scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to investigate the trap formation process. The fungal sequence was obtained and submitted to GenBank (Accession no. KY288614.1, KU881774.1, KP257593.1, KY419119.1, MF488979.1, MF488980.1, and MF488981.1), and the tested isolates were identified as D. flagrans. Except for three isolates, the radial growth of the other isolates on 2% corn meal agar and 2% water agar exhibited faster growth than on other media. The fungus could not grow at 10 and 40°C but grew within 11 to 30°C. Moreover, it did not grow at pH 1-3 and 13-14, but instead at pH 4-12. In the in vitro experimental, L3s were reduced by 94.36%, 88.15%, and 91.04% for SDH035, DH055, and F088, respectively. SEM results showed that at 8 hr post addition of nematodes, some of the latter were captured. In the later stages of the interaction of the fungus with nematodes, a large number of chlamydospores were produced, especially on the predation trap. Results of the present study provided information about the molecular phylogenetic analysis, morphological variability, nematode-capturing ability, and other biological properties of Chinese Arthrobotrys flagrans isolates before administering them for biocontrol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo-Bo Wang
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research by Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Nan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research by Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Peng-Tao Gong
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research by Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jian-Hua Li
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research by Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Ju Yang
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research by Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Hong-Bo Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research by Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xi-Chen Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research by Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Kui-Zheng Cai
- College of Life Science Engineering, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou, China
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Maia Filho FDS, Fonseca ADODS, Valente JDSS, Baptista CT, Moreira ADS, Botton SDA, Pötter L, Pereira DIB. Exposure of Toxocara canis eggs to Purpureocillium lilacinum as a biocontrol strategy: an experimental model evaluation. REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE PARASITOLOGIA VETERINARIA 2019; 28:91-96. [DOI: 10.1590/s1984-29612019007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2018] [Accepted: 12/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Abstract Purpureocillium lilacinum is a nematophagous fungus used in biological control against some parasites, including Toxocara canis. This study researched the infectivity of embryonated T. canis eggs after exposure to the fungus P. lilacinum. T. canis eggs were exposed to P. lilacinum for 15 or 30 days and subsequently administered to Swiss mice (n=20). Control group consisted of mice who received T. canis embryonated eggs without fungal exposure. Forty-eight hours after infection, heart, lung, and liver from animals of each group were collected to assess larval recovery. The organs of mice that received embryonated eggs exposed to the fungus showed a lower average larval recovery (P<0.05) suggesting that exposure of T. canis eggs to P. lilacinum was able to reduce experimental infection. Under the evaluated conditions, the interaction time between the fungus and the parasite eggs was not a significant factor in larvae recovery. P. lilacinum may be considered a promising T. canis biological control agent. However, further studies are needed to determine a protocol for the use of this fungus as a biological control agent.
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Cai KZ, Wang FH, Wang KY, Liu JL, Wang BB, Xu Q, Xue YJ, Wang F, Zhang C, Fang WX, Cai B, Liu YQ, Cao X, Ma ZR. In vitro predatory activity of Arthrobotrys oligospora and after passing through gastrointestinal tract of small ruminants on infective larvae of trichostrongylides. Exp Parasitol 2017; 177:104-111. [DOI: 10.1016/j.exppara.2017.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2016] [Revised: 02/13/2017] [Accepted: 04/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Silveira WFD, Oliveira GDD, Braga FR, Carvalho LMD, Domingues RR, Silva LAD, Zanuncio JC, Araújo JVD. Predation rate of nematophagous fungi after passing through the gastrointestinal tract of goats. Small Rumin Res 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.smallrumres.2016.12.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Wang BB, Wang FH, Xu Q, Wang KY, Xue YJ, Ren R, Zeng JQ, Liu Y, Zhang HY, Wang HY, Cai B, Cai KZ, Cao X. In vitroandin vivostudies of the native isolates of nematophagous fungi from China against the larvae of trichostrongylides. J Basic Microbiol 2016; 57:265-275. [DOI: 10.1002/jobm.201600620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2016] [Accepted: 12/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bo-Bo Wang
- College of Life Science and Engineering; Northwest University for Nationalities; Lanzhou China
| | | | - Qiang Xu
- College of Life Science and Engineering; Northwest University for Nationalities; Lanzhou China
| | - Kang-Ying Wang
- College of Life Science and Engineering; Northwest University for Nationalities; Lanzhou China
| | - Yu-Jia Xue
- College of Life Science and Engineering; Northwest University for Nationalities; Lanzhou China
| | - Rui Ren
- College of Life Science and Engineering; Northwest University for Nationalities; Lanzhou China
| | - Jia-Qing Zeng
- College of Life Science and Engineering; Northwest University for Nationalities; Lanzhou China
| | - Yang Liu
- College of Life Science and Engineering; Northwest University for Nationalities; Lanzhou China
| | - Hai-Yan Zhang
- College of Life Science and Engineering; Northwest University for Nationalities; Lanzhou China
| | - Hai-Yu Wang
- College of Life Science and Engineering; Northwest University for Nationalities; Lanzhou China
| | - Bin Cai
- College of Life Science and Engineering; Northwest University for Nationalities; Lanzhou China
| | - Kui-Zheng Cai
- College of Life Science and Engineering; Northwest University for Nationalities; Lanzhou China
| | - Xin Cao
- College of Life Science and Engineering; Northwest University for Nationalities; Lanzhou China
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Wang BB, Liu W, Chen MY, Li X, Han Y, Xu Q, Sun LJ, Xie DQ, Cai KZ, Liu YZ, Liu JL, Yi LX, Wang H, Zhao MW, Li XS, Wu JY, Yang J, Wang YY. Isolation and Characterization of China Isolates ofDuddingtonia flagrans, a Candidate of the Nematophagous Fungi for Biocontrol of Animal Parasitic Nematodes. J Parasitol 2015; 101:476-84. [DOI: 10.1645/14-715.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Fungi predatory activity on embryonated Toxocara canis eggs inoculated in domestic chickens (Gallus gallus domesticus) and destruction of second stage larvae. Parasitol Res 2015; 114:3301-8. [PMID: 26032943 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-015-4553-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2015] [Accepted: 05/25/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate the infectivity of Toxocara canis eggs after interacting with isolated nematophagous fungi of the species Duddingtonia flagrans (AC001) and Pochonia chlamydosporia (VC4), and test the predatory activity of the isolated AC001 on T. canis second stage larvae after 7 days of interaction. In assay A, 5000 embryonated T. canis eggs previously in contact with the AC001 and VC4 isolated for 10 days were inoculated into domestic chickens (Gallus gallus domesticus), and then these animals were necropsied to collect material (digested liver, intestine, muscles and lungs) at 3-, 7-, 14-, and 21-day intervals after inoculation. In assay A, the results demonstrated that the prior interaction of the eggs with isolated AC001 and VC4 decreases the amount of larvae found in the collected organs. Difference (p < 0.01) was observed in the medium larvae counts recovered from liver, lung, intestine, and muscle of animals in the treated groups when compared to the animals in the control group. At the end of assay A, a percentage reduction of 87.1 % (AC001) and 84.5 % (VC4) respectively was recorded. In the result of assay B, the isolated AC001 showed differences (p < 0.01) compared to the control group, with a reduction of 53.4 % in the recovery of L2. Through these results, it is justified to mention that prior interaction of embryonated T. canis eggs with the tested fungal isolates were efficient in reducing the development and migration of this parasite, in addition to the first report of proven predatory activity on L2.
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Braga FR, de Freitas Soares FE, Araujo JM, da Fonseca LA, Hiura E, Garschagen Gava M, Toledo Vieira F, da Paz JS, de Carvalho LM, Faccini JV, de Queiroz JH, Araújo JV. Statistical experimental design to assess the influence of enzymes of nematophagous fungi versus helminths. Res Vet Sci 2014; 97:527-32. [PMID: 25267285 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2014.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2014] [Revised: 08/29/2014] [Accepted: 09/08/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
The present work used Plackett-Burman experimental design to assess the influence of enzymes of nematophagous fungi versus Strongyloides westeri and trichostrongylides larvae and Platynosomum fastosum eggs. The variables studied in the Plackett-Burman design were the proteases and chitinases of AC001 or VC4 as destructive agents of S. westeri and trichostrongylides larvae, and P. fastosum eggs. All tested enzymes had a significant effect (P < 0.05) on the destruction of S. westeri larvae. Furthermore, only VC4 and AC001 proteases showed a significant effect (P < 0.05) on the destruction of trichostrongylides larvae. On the other hand, chitinases of VC4 showed the highest significance (P < 0.05) on the destruction of P. fastosum eggs. It is proposed that statistical planning for the use of enzymes derived from nematophagous fungi is a viable way to elucidate some questions about their mechanism of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabio Ribeiro Braga
- Departamento de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG 36570-000, Brazil; Universidade Vila Velha, Espírito Santo, Brazil.
| | | | - Juliana Milani Araujo
- Departamento de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG 36570-000, Brazil
| | | | - Emy Hiura
- Universidade Vila Velha, Espírito Santo, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | - João Victor Faccini
- Departamento de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG 36570-000, Brazil
| | - José Humberto de Queiroz
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG 36570-000, Brazil
| | - Jackson Victor Araújo
- Departamento de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG 36570-000, Brazil
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Nematophagous fungi for biological control of gastrointestinal nematodes in domestic animals. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2013; 98:71-82. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-013-5366-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2013] [Revised: 10/28/2013] [Accepted: 10/30/2013] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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