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Rodrigues JFB, Queiroz JVSDA, Medeiros RP, Santos RO, Fialho DA, Neto JES, dos Santos RL, Barbosa RC, Sousa WJB, Torres MDCDM, Medeiros LADM, Silva SMDL, Montazerian M, Fook MVL, Amoah SKS. Chitosan-PEG Gels Loaded with Jatropha mollissima (Pohl) Baill. Ethanolic Extract: An Efficient and Effective Biomaterial in Hemorrhage Control. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:1399. [PMID: 37895870 PMCID: PMC10609772 DOI: 10.3390/ph16101399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
A lack of control over blood loss can have catastrophic implications, including death. Although several hemostatic medications have been employed to reduce bleeding, a vast majority of them are ineffective, expensive, or pose health risks to the patient. To overcome these constraints, chitosan-polyethylene glycol (CS-PEG) hemostatic gels loaded with ethanolic extract of Jatropha mollissima sap (EES) were prepared and their hemostatic, physicochemical, and cytotoxic properties were evaluated. The gels were produced by mixing CS with PEG (an external plasticizer) and EES. The phytochemical analysis revealed a significant concentration of total polyphenols and tannins content in the extract and catechin was identified as one of the key compounds of EES. Infrared spectroscopy analysis revealed the presence of EES in the gels, as well as the chemical interaction between CS and PEG. The gels were thermally stable between 25 and 37 °C (ambient and human body temperature range), had pseudoplastic deformation behavior (rheological properties preserved after shearing), were simple to inject (compression force 30 N), and were biocompatible. In vivo experiments showed that both CS-PEG-EES gels exhibited greater hemostatic action in preventing tail hemorrhage in Wistar rats, with decreased bleeding time and blood weight compared with unloaded CS-PEG gels (control groups) and Hemostank, a commercial product. However, the gel prepared with acetic acid was more efficient in controlling bleeding. These findings reveal that CS-PEG-EES gels can reduce hemorrhages and are a potent, simple, and safe hemostatic agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- José F. B. Rodrigues
- Materials Science and Engineering Department, Northeast Laboratory for Evaluation and Development of Biomaterials, Academic Unit of Materials Science and Engineering, Federal University of Campina Grande, Campina Grande 58429-000, PB, Brazil (M.d.C.d.M.T.); (S.M.d.L.S.); (M.M.); (M.V.L.F.)
| | - João V. S. de A. Queiroz
- Materials Science and Engineering Department, Northeast Laboratory for Evaluation and Development of Biomaterials, Academic Unit of Materials Science and Engineering, Federal University of Campina Grande, Campina Grande 58429-000, PB, Brazil (M.d.C.d.M.T.); (S.M.d.L.S.); (M.M.); (M.V.L.F.)
| | - Rebeca P. Medeiros
- Materials Science and Engineering Department, Northeast Laboratory for Evaluation and Development of Biomaterials, Academic Unit of Materials Science and Engineering, Federal University of Campina Grande, Campina Grande 58429-000, PB, Brazil (M.d.C.d.M.T.); (S.M.d.L.S.); (M.M.); (M.V.L.F.)
| | - Rafaela O. Santos
- Materials Science and Engineering Department, Northeast Laboratory for Evaluation and Development of Biomaterials, Academic Unit of Materials Science and Engineering, Federal University of Campina Grande, Campina Grande 58429-000, PB, Brazil (M.d.C.d.M.T.); (S.M.d.L.S.); (M.M.); (M.V.L.F.)
| | - Djair A. Fialho
- Materials Science and Engineering Department, Northeast Laboratory for Evaluation and Development of Biomaterials, Academic Unit of Materials Science and Engineering, Federal University of Campina Grande, Campina Grande 58429-000, PB, Brazil (M.d.C.d.M.T.); (S.M.d.L.S.); (M.M.); (M.V.L.F.)
| | - João E. S. Neto
- Materials Science and Engineering Department, Northeast Laboratory for Evaluation and Development of Biomaterials, Academic Unit of Materials Science and Engineering, Federal University of Campina Grande, Campina Grande 58429-000, PB, Brazil (M.d.C.d.M.T.); (S.M.d.L.S.); (M.M.); (M.V.L.F.)
| | - Rogério L. dos Santos
- Department of Dentistry, Life Science Institute, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Governador Valadares 36036-900, MG, Brazil
| | - Rossemberg C. Barbosa
- Materials Science and Engineering Department, Northeast Laboratory for Evaluation and Development of Biomaterials, Academic Unit of Materials Science and Engineering, Federal University of Campina Grande, Campina Grande 58429-000, PB, Brazil (M.d.C.d.M.T.); (S.M.d.L.S.); (M.M.); (M.V.L.F.)
| | - Wladymyr J. B. Sousa
- Materials Science and Engineering Department, Northeast Laboratory for Evaluation and Development of Biomaterials, Academic Unit of Materials Science and Engineering, Federal University of Campina Grande, Campina Grande 58429-000, PB, Brazil (M.d.C.d.M.T.); (S.M.d.L.S.); (M.M.); (M.V.L.F.)
| | - Maria da C. de M. Torres
- Materials Science and Engineering Department, Northeast Laboratory for Evaluation and Development of Biomaterials, Academic Unit of Materials Science and Engineering, Federal University of Campina Grande, Campina Grande 58429-000, PB, Brazil (M.d.C.d.M.T.); (S.M.d.L.S.); (M.M.); (M.V.L.F.)
- Chemistry Department, Science and Technology Center, State University of Paraiba, Campina Grande 58429-500, PB, Brazil
| | - Luanna A. D. M. Medeiros
- Materials Science and Engineering Department, Northeast Laboratory for Evaluation and Development of Biomaterials, Academic Unit of Materials Science and Engineering, Federal University of Campina Grande, Campina Grande 58429-000, PB, Brazil (M.d.C.d.M.T.); (S.M.d.L.S.); (M.M.); (M.V.L.F.)
| | - Suédina M. de L. Silva
- Materials Science and Engineering Department, Northeast Laboratory for Evaluation and Development of Biomaterials, Academic Unit of Materials Science and Engineering, Federal University of Campina Grande, Campina Grande 58429-000, PB, Brazil (M.d.C.d.M.T.); (S.M.d.L.S.); (M.M.); (M.V.L.F.)
| | - Maziar Montazerian
- Materials Science and Engineering Department, Northeast Laboratory for Evaluation and Development of Biomaterials, Academic Unit of Materials Science and Engineering, Federal University of Campina Grande, Campina Grande 58429-000, PB, Brazil (M.d.C.d.M.T.); (S.M.d.L.S.); (M.M.); (M.V.L.F.)
| | - Marcus V. L. Fook
- Materials Science and Engineering Department, Northeast Laboratory for Evaluation and Development of Biomaterials, Academic Unit of Materials Science and Engineering, Federal University of Campina Grande, Campina Grande 58429-000, PB, Brazil (M.d.C.d.M.T.); (S.M.d.L.S.); (M.M.); (M.V.L.F.)
| | - Solomon K. S. Amoah
- Brazilian Association of Support Cannabis Esperança, João Pessoa 58013-130, PB, Brazil
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Bioherbicidal potential of plant species with allelopathic effects on the weed Bidens bipinnata L. Sci Rep 2022; 12:13476. [PMID: 35931689 PMCID: PMC9356026 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-16203-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Plant species with allelopathic effects against weeds have emerged as a potential strategy for the development of ecologically friendly bioherbicides. In this study, the allelopathic effects of the plant species Dipteryx lacunifera Ducke, Ricinus communis L., Piper tuberculatum Jacq., and Jatropha gossypiifolia L. on the weed Bidens bipinnata L. were investigated. In vitro bioassays revealed that aqueous extracts of selected plant species were able to inhibit seed germination and seedling growth of B. bipinnata, highlighting the strongest allelopathic effect evidenced by R. communis. The phytotoxicity of the aqueous extracts was evaluated in pot experiments, which indicated that the foliar application of R. communis and P. tuberculatum extracts on B. bipinnata plants caused yellowing of leaves, affecting the chlorophyll content and reducing growth. The discrimination of the plant extracts by attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform mid-infrared (ATR FT-MIR) spectroscopy combined with principal component analysis (PCA) indicated the presence of allelochemical compounds, such as phenolics and terpenoids, which may be associated with allelopathic activity. Overall, this study provides valuable information about the substantial allelopathic inhibitory effects of the plant species R. communis and P. tuberculatum on the weed B. bipinnata, which may be used for the development of eco-friendly bioherbicides.
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Santos Pereira R, Vasconcelos Costa V, Luiz Menezes Gomes G, Rodrigues Valadares Campana P, Maia de Pádua R, Barbosa M, Oki Y, Heiden G, Fernandes GW, Menezes de Oliveira D, Souza DG, Martins Teixeira M, Castro Braga F. Anti-Zika Virus Activity of Plant Extracts Containing Polyphenols and Triterpenes on Vero CCL-81 and Human Neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y Cells. Chem Biodivers 2022; 19:e202100842. [PMID: 35285139 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202100842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Zika virus (ZIKV) infection is a global threat associated to neurological disorders in adults and microcephaly in children born to infected mothers. No vaccine or drug is available against ZIKV. We herein report the anti-ZIKV activity of 36 plant extracts containing polyphenols and/or triterpenes. ZIKV-infected Vero CCL-81 cells were treated with samples at non-cytotoxic concentrations, determined by MTT and LDH assays. One third of the extracts elicited concentration-dependent anti-ZIKV effect, with viral loads reduction from 0.4 to 3.8 log units. The 12 active extracts were tested on ZIKV-infected SH-SY5Y cells and significant reductions of viral loads (in log units) were induced by Maytenus ilicifolia (4.5 log), Terminalia phaeocarpa (3.7 log), Maytenus rigida (1.7 log) and Echinodorus grandiflorus (1.7 log) extracts. Median cytotoxic concentration (CC50 ) of these extracts in Vero cells were higher than in SH-SY5Y lineage. M. ilicifolia (IC50 =16.8±10.3 μg/mL, SI=3.4) and T. phaeocarpa (IC50 =22.0±6.8 μg/mL, SI=4.8) were the most active extracts. UPLC-ESI-MS/MS analysis of M. ilicifolia extract led to the identification of 7 triterpenes, of which lupeol and a mixture of friedelin/friedelinol showed no activity against ZIKV. The composition of T. phaeocarpa extract comprises phenolic acids, ellagitannins and flavonoids, as recently reported by us. In conclusion, the anti-ZIKV activity of 12 plant extracts is here described for the first time and polyphenols and triterpenes were identified as the probable bioactive constituents of T. phaeocarpa and M. ilicifolia, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosângela Santos Pereira
- Department of Pharmaceutical Products, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos, 6627, Pampulha, CEP 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Vivian Vasconcelos Costa
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, CEP 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.,Department of Morphology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, CEP 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Gabriel Luiz Menezes Gomes
- Department of Pharmaceutical Products, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos, 6627, Pampulha, CEP 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Priscilla Rodrigues Valadares Campana
- Department of Pharmaceutical Products, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos, 6627, Pampulha, CEP 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Maia de Pádua
- Department of Pharmaceutical Products, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos, 6627, Pampulha, CEP 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Milton Barbosa
- Department of Genetics, Ecology and Evolution, Institute of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, CEP 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Yumi Oki
- Department of Genetics, Ecology and Evolution, Institute of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, CEP 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Gustavo Heiden
- Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária Clima Temperado, CEP 96010-971, Pelotas, Brazil
| | - Geraldo Wilson Fernandes
- Department of Genetics, Ecology and Evolution, Institute of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, CEP 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | | | - Daniele G Souza
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, CEP 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Mauro Martins Teixeira
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, CEP 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Fernão Castro Braga
- Department of Pharmaceutical Products, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos, 6627, Pampulha, CEP 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
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Huang HM, Ho CY, Chang GR, Shia WY, Lai CH, Chao CH, Wang CM. HPLC/ESI-MS and NMR Analysis of Chemical Constitutes in Bioactive Extract from the Root Nodule of Vaccinium emarginatum. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:ph14111098. [PMID: 34832879 PMCID: PMC8622236 DOI: 10.3390/ph14111098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Revised: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Vaccinium emarginatum Hayata is a medicinal plant that has been historically used in ethnopharmacy to treat diseases in Taiwan. The objective of this study is to evaluate the anti-cancer and anti-bacterial constitutes from the root nodule extract of V. emarginatum. The chemical composition of V. emarginatum fractions was analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-ESI-MS/MS) and the chemical constitutes were isolated and structurally identified by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. Bioassay-guided chromatography showed that the ethyl acetate (EA) fraction was bioactive on the hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2). By LC-ESI-MS/MS analysis, twenty peaks of EA fraction were partially identified and the phytochemical investigation of the fractions led to the isolation and identification of protocatuchuic acid (1), epicatechin (2), catechin (3), procyanidin B3 (4), procyanidin A1 (5), hyperin (6), isoquercetin (7), quercetin (8), lupeol (9), beta-amyrin (10), and alpha-amyrin (11). Both procyanidin B3 and A1 exhibited anti-proliferative activity against HepG2 and gastric adenocarcinoma (AGS) cells at IC50 values between 38.4 and 41.1 μM and 79.4 and 83.8 μM, respectively. In addition, isoquercetin displayed the strongest anti-proliferative activity against the HepG2, lung carcinoma (A549), and AGS cell at 18.7, 24.6 and 68.5 μM, respectively. Among the triterpenoids, only lupeol showed the inhibitory activity against all tested tumor cell lines at IC50 values between 72.9 and 146.8 μM. Furthermore, procyanidins B3, A1 and isoquercetin displayed moderate anti-bacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus. In conclusion, this study provides background information on the exploitation of V. emarginatum as a potential natural anti-cancer and anti-bacterial agent in pharmaceutical research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsiang-Ming Huang
- Neurosurgery Department, China Medical University Hsinchu Hospital, Hsinchu 302, Taiwan;
| | - Chien-Yi Ho
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Radiological Science, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan;
- Division of Family Medicine, Physical Examination Center, and Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hsinchu Hospital, Hsinchu 302, Taiwan
| | - Geng-Ruei Chang
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, National Chiayi University, 580 Xinmin Road, Chiayi 600, Taiwan;
| | - Wei-Yau Shia
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, National Chung-Hsing University, 145 XingDa Road, Taichung 402, Taiwan; (W.-Y.S.); (C.-H.L.)
| | - Cheng-Hung Lai
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, National Chung-Hsing University, 145 XingDa Road, Taichung 402, Taiwan; (W.-Y.S.); (C.-H.L.)
| | - Chih-Hao Chao
- Division of Chest Medicine, Attending Physician of Chang Bing Show Chwan Memorial Hospital, 6 Lugong Road, Lukang Township, Changhua 505, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (C.-H.C.); (C.-M.W.); Tel.: +886-975-617918 (C.-H.C.); +886-5-2732970 (C.-M.W.)
| | - Chao-Min Wang
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, National Chiayi University, 580 Xinmin Road, Chiayi 600, Taiwan;
- Correspondence: (C.-H.C.); (C.-M.W.); Tel.: +886-975-617918 (C.-H.C.); +886-5-2732970 (C.-M.W.)
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Determination of Chemical Constituents and Antioxidant Activities of Leaves and Stems from Jatropha cinerea (Ortega) Müll. Arg and Jatropha cordata (Ortega) Müll. Arg. PLANTS 2021; 10:plants10020212. [PMID: 33499190 PMCID: PMC7911936 DOI: 10.3390/plants10020212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2020] [Revised: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Jatropha species have been shown to be an important source of secondary metabolites with different biological effects. Jatropha cinerea (Ortega) Müll. Arg and Jatropha cordata (Ortega) Müll. Arg are distributed in the Northwestern region of Mexico, are adapted to extreme weather conditions and are widely used (stems, leaves, and sap) in traditional medicine. The aim of the present study was to carry out the phytochemical characterization and the evaluation of the antioxidant activity in methanolic extracts of stems and leaves from J. cinerea and J. cordata. The compounds present in the extracts of both species were characterized by ESI-IT-MS/MS and quantified by HPLC-DAD. The results showed that the stem extracts of both species are rich in phenolic acids, while the leaf extracts are rich in flavonoids. Some of the main compounds found were gallic acid, gentisic acid, 3,4-Dihydroxybenzoic acid, vitexin, isovitexin, and catechol. Both species showed high concentrations of phenols and total flavonoids and antioxidant activity. J. cordata showed the highest antioxidant capacity and the highest concentration of phenolic compounds. Overall, both Jatropha species are a natural source of antioxidant compounds with potential biotechnological uses.
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