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Manasseh R, Sathuvalli V, Pappu HR. Transcriptional and functional predictors of potato virus Y-induced tuber necrosis in potato ( Solanum tuberosum). FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 15:1369846. [PMID: 38638354 PMCID: PMC11024271 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1369846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
Introduction Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.), the fourth most important food crop in the world, is affected by several viral pathogens with potato virus Y (PVY) having the greatest economic impact. At least nine biologically distinct variants of PVY are known to infect potato. These include the relatively new recombinant types named PVY-NTN and PVYN-Wi, which induce tuber necrosis in susceptible cultivars. To date, the molecular plant-virus interactions underlying this pathogenicity have not been fully characterized. We hypothesized that this necrotic behavior is supported by transcriptional and functional signatures that are unique to PVY-NTN and PVYN-Wi. Methods To test this hypothesis, transcriptional responses of cv. Russet Burbank, a PVY susceptible cultivar, to three PVY strains PVY-O, PVY-NTN, and PVYN-Wi were studied using mRNA-Seq. A haploid-resolved genome assembly for tetraploid potato was used for bioinformatics analysis. Results The study revealed 36 GO terms and nine KEGG 24 pathways that overlapped across the three PVY strains, making them generic features of PVY susceptibility in potato. Ten GO terms and three KEGG pathways enriched for PVY-NTN and PVYN-Wi only, which made them candidate functional signatures associated with PVY-induced tuber necrosis in potato. In addition, five other pathways were enriched for PVYNTN or PVYN-Wi. One carbon pool by folate was enriched exclusively in response to PVY-NTN infection; PVYN-Wi infection specifically impacted cutin, suberine and wax biosynthesis, phenylalanine metabolism, phenylalanine, tyrosine and tryptophan biosynthesis, and monoterpenoid biosynthesis. Discussion Results suggest that PVYN-Wi-induced necrosis may be mechanistically distinguishable from that of PVY-NTN. Our study provides a basis for understanding the mechanism underlying the development of PVY-induced tuber necrosis in potato.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard Manasseh
- Department of Plant Pathology, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, United States
| | - Vidyasagar Sathuvalli
- Hermiston Agricultural Research and Extension Center, Oregon State University, Hermiston, OR, United States
| | - Hanu R. Pappu
- Department of Plant Pathology, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, United States
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Mondal S, Hladky LJ, Wintermantel WM. Differential Seasonal Prevalence of Yellowing Viruses Infecting Melon Crops in Southern California and Arizona Determined by Multiplex RT-PCR and RT-qPCR. PLANT DISEASE 2023; 107:2653-2664. [PMID: 36723958 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-06-22-1512-re] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Viruses transmitted by the whitefly (Bemisia tabaci) are an increasing threat to cucurbit production in the southwestern United States and many other cucurbit production regions of the world. The crinivirus cucurbit yellow stunting disorder virus (CYSDV) has severely impacted melon production in California and Arizona since its 2006 introduction to the region. Within the past few years, another crinivirus, cucurbit chlorotic yellows virus (CCYV), and the whitefly-transmitted ipomovirus squash vein yellowing virus (SqVYV) were found infecting melon plants in California's Imperial Valley. CYSDV, CCYV, and an aphid-transmitted polerovirus, cucurbit aphid-borne yellows virus (CABYV), occur together in the region and produce identical yellowing symptoms on cucurbit plants. Mixed infections of these four viruses in the Sonoran Desert and other regions pose challenges for disease management and efforts to develop resistant varieties. A multiplex single-step RT-PCR method was developed that differentiates among these viruses, and this was used to determine the prevalence and distribution of the viruses in melon samples from fields in the Sonoran Desert melon production region of California and Arizona during the spring and fall melon seasons from 2019 through 2021. TaqMan probes were developed, optimized, and applied in a single-step multiplex RT-qPCR to quantify titers of these four viruses in plant samples, which frequently carry mixed infections. Results of the multiplex RT-PCR analysis demonstrated that CYSDV is the predominant virus during the fall, whereas CCYV was by far the most prevalent virus during the spring each year. Multiplex RT-qPCR was used to evaluate differential accumulation and spatiotemporal distribution of viruses within plants and suggested differences in competitive accumulation of CCYV and CYSDV within melon. This study provides the first official report of SqVYV in Arizona and offers an efficient method for virus detection and quantification for breeding and disease management in areas impacted by cucurbit yellowing viruses.
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Mondal S, Wintermantel WM, Gray SM. Infection Dynamics of Potato Virus Y Isolate Combinations in Three Potato Cultivars. PLANT DISEASE 2023; 107:157-166. [PMID: 35657714 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-09-21-1980-re] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The United States potato industry has recently experienced a strain shift; recombinant potato virus Y (PVY) strains (e.g., PVYNTN) have emerged as the predominant strains over the long dominant ordinary strain (PVYO), yet both are often found as single infections within the same field and as mixed infections within individual plants. To understand mixed infection dynamics in potato plants and in daughter tubers, three potato varieties varying for PVY resistance, 'Red Maria', 'CalWhite', and 'Pike', were mechanically inoculated either at the pre- or postflowering stage with all possible heterologous isolate combinations of two PVYO and two PVYNTN isolates. Virus titer was determined from leaves collected at different positions on the plant at different times, and tuber-borne infection was determined for two successive generations. PVYNTN accumulated to higher levels than PVYO at nearly all sampling time points in 'Pike' potato. However, both virus strains accumulated to similar amounts in 'Red Maria' and 'CalWhite' potato early in the infection when inoculated preflowering; however, PVYNTN dominated at later stages and in plants inoculated postflowering. Regardless of inoculation time, both virus strains were transmitted to daughter plants raised from the tubers for most isolate combinations. The relative titer of PVYNTN and PVYO isolates at the later stages of mother plant development was indicative of what was found in the daughter plants. Although virus titer differed among cultivars depending on their genetics and virus isolates, it did not change the strain outcome in tuber-borne infection in subsequent generations. Differential virus accumulation in these cultivars suggests isolate-specific resistance to PVY accumulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaonpius Mondal
- Plant Pathology and Plant-Microbe Biology Section, School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853-5904
- USDA-ARS, Crop Improvement and Protection Research Unit, Salinas, CA 93905
| | | | - Stewart M Gray
- Plant Pathology and Plant-Microbe Biology Section, School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853-5904
- USDA-ARS, Emerging Pests and Pathogen Research Unit and Plant Pathology, Ithaca, NY 14853-5904
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4
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He Y, Jiang W, Ding W, Chen W, Zhao D. Effects of PVY-Infected Tobacco Plants on the Adaptation of Myzus persicae (Hemiptera: Aphididae). INSECTS 2022; 13:1120. [PMID: 36555030 PMCID: PMC9785737 DOI: 10.3390/insects13121120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The indirect interaction between viruses and their insect vectors via the host plants can mediate viral transmission. Thus, elucidating these tripartite interactions is crucial for controlling the occurrence of viral diseases. This study examined the feeding behavior and life table parameters of the green peach aphid, Myzus persicae, using electropenetrography and an age-stage, two-sex life table on PVY-infected and uninfected tobacco plants. Furthermore, the amino acid and soluble sugar contents in tobacco tissue at different stages of PVY infection were determined. The results showed that PVY-infected plants exerted remarkable effects on the feeding activities of M. persicae. Aphids exhibited a reduced non-probing duration and increased phloem sap ingestion on infected plants. Although the nymph development time on the PVY-infected plants was significantly shorter than that of uninfected plants, M. persicae reared on infected plants had reduced fecundity and significantly shortened adult longevity. On day 12, the sugar: amino acid ratio of the PVY-infected plants was significantly higher than that of uninfected plants, whereas the opposite was observed on day 24. Our results demonstrated that PVY could alter the adaptability of M. persicae by modifying the nutritional quality of tobacco plants. In addition, divergent effects on aphids were observed at different infection stages, which are crucial to consider while exploring the interactions between viruses, insect vectors, and host plants. These results provided significant information for comprehending PVY spread and outbreaks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingqin He
- College of Tea Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Wenbin Jiang
- College of Tea Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Wei Ding
- College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Wenlong Chen
- Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory for Agricultural Pest Management of the Mountainous Region, Institute of Entomology, Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Crop Pest in Guiyang, Ministry of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Degang Zhao
- Guizhou Plant Conservation Center, Guizhou Academy of Agriculture Science, Guiyang 550006, China
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Mondal S, Wintermantel WM, Gray SM. Virus and helper component interactions favour the transmission of recombinant potato virus Y strains. J Gen Virol 2021; 102. [PMID: 34161221 DOI: 10.1099/jgv.0.001620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, several recombinant strains of potato virus Y, notably PVYNTN and PVYN:O have displaced the ordinary strain, PVYO, and emerged as the predominant strains affecting the USA potato crop. Previously we reported that recombinant strains were transmitted more efficiently than PVYO when they were acquired sequentially, regardless of acquisition order. In another recent study, we showed that PVYNTN binds preferentially to the aphid stylet over PVYO when aphids feed on a mixture of PVYO and PVYNTN. To understand the mechanism of this transmission bias as well as preferential virus binding, we separated virus and active helper component proteins (HC), mixed them in homologous and heterologous combinations, and then fed them to aphids using Parafilm sachets. Mixtures of PVYO HC with either PVYN:O or PVYNTN resulted in efficient transmission. PVYN:O HC also facilitated the transmission of PVYO and PVYNTN, albeit with reduced efficiency. PVYNTN HC failed to facilitate transmission of either PVYO or PVYN:O. When PVYO HC or PVYN:O HC was mixed with equal amounts of the two viruses, both viruses in all combinations were transmitted at high efficiencies. In contrast, no transmission occurred when combinations of viruses were mixed with PVYNTN HC. Further study evaluated transmission using serial dilutions of purified virus mixed with HCs. While PVYNTN HC only facilitated the transmission of the homologous virus, the HCs of PVYO and PVYN:O facilitated the transmission of all strains tested. This phenomenon has likely contributed to the increase in the recombinant strains affecting the USA potato crop.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaonpius Mondal
- Plant Pathology and Plant-Microbe Biology Section, School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853-5904, USA
- Present address: USDA-ARS, Crop Improvement and Protection Research Unit, CA 93905, Salinas, USA
| | | | - Stewart M Gray
- Plant Pathology and Plant-Microbe Biology Section, School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853-5904, USA
- USDA-ARS, Emerging Pests and Pathogen Research Unit, Ithaca, NY 14853-5904, USA
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6
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Mondal S, Ghanim M, Roberts A, Gray SM. Different potato virus Y strains frequently co-localize in single epidermal leaf cells and in the aphid stylet. J Gen Virol 2021; 102. [PMID: 33709906 DOI: 10.1099/jgv.0.001576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Single aphids can simultaneously or sequentially acquire and transmit multiple potato virus Y (PVY) strains. Multiple PVY strains are often found in the same field and occasionally within the same plant, but little is known about how PVY strains interact in plants or in aphid stylets. Immuno-staining and confocal microscopy were used to examine the spatial and temporal dynamics of PVY strain mixtures (PVYO and PVYNTN or PVYO and PVYN) in epidermal leaf cells of 'Samsun NN' tobacco and 'Goldrush' potato. Virus binding and localization was also examined in aphid stylets following acquisition. Both strains systemically infected tobacco and co-localized in cells of all leaves examined; however, the relative amounts of each virus changed over time. Early in the tobacco infection, when mosaic symptoms were observed, PVYO dominated the infection although PVYNTN was detected in some cells. As the infection progressed and vein necrosis developed, PVYNTN was prevalent. Co-localization of PVYO and PVYN was also observed in epidermal cells of potato leaves with most cells infected with both viruses. Furthermore, two strains could be detected binding to the distal end of aphid stylets following virus acquisition from a plant infected with a strain mixture. These data are in contrast with the traditional belief of spatial separation of two closely related potyviruses and suggest apparent non-antagonistic interaction between PVY strains that could help explain the multitude of emerging recombinant PVY strains discovered in potato in recent years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaonpius Mondal
- Plant Pathology and Plant-Microbe Biology Section, School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853-5904, USA
- Present address: USDA-ARS, Crop Improvement and Protection Research Unit, Salinas, CA. 93905, USA
| | - Murad Ghanim
- Department of Entomology, Volcani Center, P.O Box 155, Bet Dagan 5025001, Israel
| | - Alison Roberts
- Cellular and Molecular Sciences, James Hutton Institute, Invergowrie, Scotland, DD2 5DA, UK
| | - Stewart M Gray
- USDA-ARS, Emerging Pests and Pathogen Research Unit, Ithaca, NY 14853-5904, USA
- Plant Pathology and Plant-Microbe Biology Section, School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853-5904, USA
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Weber EL, Busse JS, Bethke PC. Current-Season Infection With Ordinary and Recombinant Strains of Potato virus Y Has Detrimental Effects on Chipping Potato Yield and Tuber Quality. PLANT DISEASE 2021; 105:450-455. [PMID: 33206589 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-06-20-1281-re] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Potato virus Y (PVY) is the most economically important virus infecting potatoes worldwide. Current-season spread of PVY occurs when aphids transmit the virus from infected to noninfected plants during the growing season. The impact of current-season PVY infection on yield and quality of chip processing potatoes is not well documented. In a replicated, greenhouse experiment conducted over 2 years, we measured the effect of current-season infection with four PVY strains (PVYO, PVYN-Wi, PVYNTN, and PVYN:O) on chip processing varieties Atlantic, Lamoka, and Snowden. PVY infection decreased yield and tuber specific gravity for some combinations of potato variety and virus strain but did not affect the appearance of chips including the prevalence of stem-end chip defects. This work suggests that current-season infection of chipping potatoes imposes a cost on producers and emphasizes the need for continued investment in seed certification and development of PVY-resistant cultivars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin L Weber
- Department of Horticulture, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI
| | - James S Busse
- Department of Horticulture, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI
- Vegetable Crops Research Unit, U.S. Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service, Madison, WI
| | - Paul C Bethke
- Department of Horticulture, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI
- Vegetable Crops Research Unit, U.S. Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service, Madison, WI
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Gao Y, Ren R, Peng J, Wang D, Shi X, Zheng L, Zhang Z, Zhu C, Liu Y, Dai L, Zhang D. The Gustavus Gene Can Regulate the Fecundity of the Green Peach Aphid, Myzus persicae (Sulzer). Front Physiol 2021; 11:596392. [PMID: 33510645 PMCID: PMC7835840 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.596392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Myzus persicae (Sulzer), commonly known as the green peach aphid, is a notorious pest that causes substantial losses to a range of crops and can transmit several plant viruses, including potato virus Y (PVY). Chemical insecticides provide only partial control of this pest and their use is not environmentally sustainable. In recent years, many genes related to growth, development, and reproduction have been used as targets for pest control. These include Gustavus (Gus), a highly conserved gene that has been reported to play an essential part in the genesis of germline cells and, hence, in fecundity in the model insect Drosophila melanogaster. We hypothesized that the Gustavus (Gus) gene was a potential target that could be used to regulate the M. persicae population. In this study, we report the first investigation of an ortholog of Gus in M. persicae, designated MpGus, and describe its role in the fecundity of this insect. First, we identified the MpGus mRNA sequence in the M. persicae transcriptome database, verified its identity with reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), and then evaluated the transcription levels of MpGus in M. persicae nymphs of different instars and tissues with real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR). To investigate its role in regulating the fecundity of M. persicae, we used RNA interference (RNAi) to silence the expression of MpGus in adult insects; this resulted in a significant reduction in the number of embryos (50.6%, P < 0.01) and newborn nymphs (55.7%, P < 0.01) in the treated aphids compared with controls. Interestingly, MpGus was also significantly downregulated in aphids fed on tobacco plants that had been pre-infected with PVYN, concomitant with a significant reduction (34.1%, P < 0.01) in M. persicae fecundity. Collectively, these data highlight the important role of MpGus in regulating fecundity in M. persicae and indicate that MpGus is a promising RNAi target gene for control of this pest species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Gao
- College of Plant Protection, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Plant Protection Institute, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Science, Changsha, China
| | - Ruifan Ren
- Long Ping Branch, Graduate School of Hunan University, Changsha, China
| | - Jing Peng
- Hunan Plant Protection Institute, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Science, Changsha, China
| | - Dongwei Wang
- Hunan Plant Protection Institute, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Science, Changsha, China
| | - Xiaobin Shi
- Hunan Plant Protection Institute, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Science, Changsha, China
| | - Limin Zheng
- Hunan Plant Protection Institute, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Science, Changsha, China
| | - Zhuo Zhang
- Hunan Plant Protection Institute, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Science, Changsha, China
| | - Chunhui Zhu
- Hunan Plant Protection Institute, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Science, Changsha, China
| | - Yong Liu
- Hunan Plant Protection Institute, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Science, Changsha, China
| | - Liangying Dai
- College of Plant Protection, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Deyong Zhang
- College of Plant Protection, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Plant Protection Institute, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Science, Changsha, China
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Chen M, Yan G, Wang X, Huang Z, Shao X, Wu D, Zhang X, Liu B. Investigating the proteomic expression profile of tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) leaves during four growth stages using the iTRAQ method. Anal Bioanal Chem 2019; 411:403-411. [PMID: 30478513 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-018-1453-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2018] [Revised: 09/28/2018] [Accepted: 10/24/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Despite the importance of tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) in agriculture and model organism investigations, the proteomic changes that occur in the tobacco leaf as it matures remain to be explored. In this study, an isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantification (iTRAQ) strategy was applied to investigate the proteomic profiles of K326 and Honghua Dajinyuan (HD) tobacco leaves at four growth stages. The proteomic profile varied with growth stage in both K326 and HD. Gene ontology (GO) classification was used to identify the biological processes that showed the greatest changes in protein expression between growth stages of HD and K326. Moreover, the number of differentially expressed proteins was greater in HD than in K326, especially during the rosette growth stage and the fast-growing stage. The galactose metabolism and glycosphingolipid biosynthesis-globo series pathways appeared only during the rosette growth stage of HD. It therefore appears that these pathways may be correlated with tobacco mosaic disease. The identification of these pathways should prove useful in investigations of the pathogenesis of tobacco mosaic virus. Graphical abstract ᅟ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
- Technology R&D Center, Shanghai Tobacco Group Co., Ltd., Shanghai, 200082, China
| | - Guoquan Yan
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Xuantang Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Zhi Huang
- Technology R&D Center, Shanghai Tobacco Group Co., Ltd., Shanghai, 200082, China
| | - Xi Shao
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Da Wu
- Technology R&D Center, Shanghai Tobacco Group Co., Ltd., Shanghai, 200082, China
| | - Xiangmin Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China.
| | - Baizhan Liu
- Technology R&D Center, Shanghai Tobacco Group Co., Ltd., Shanghai, 200082, China.
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He YQ, Zhang YQ, Chen JN, Chen WL, Zeng XY, Chen HT, Ding W. Effects of Aphidius gifuensis on the feeding behavior and potato virus Y transmission ability of Myzus persicae. INSECT SCIENCE 2018; 25:1025-1034. [PMID: 28485823 DOI: 10.1111/1744-7917.12476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2016] [Revised: 04/10/2017] [Accepted: 04/12/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The stylet penetration behavior of aphids when feeding on plants is associated with virus acquisition and inoculation. Aphidius gifuensis (Ashmead) is a primary endoparasitoid of Myzus persicae (Sulzer) which is the most efficient vector of plant viruses. Information about the effects of parasitoid on aphid and virus transmission can provide an essential foundation for designing effective biological control strategies. This study aimed to investigate the effects of A. gifuensis on the feeding behavior and potato virus Y (PVY) transmission ability of M. persicae. The results showed that after M. persicae was parasitized by A. gifuensis, the duration of the first probe significantly decreased. Additionally, A. gifuensis exerted remarkable effects on aphid feeding in phloem ingestion. The contribution of the E1 waveform to the phloem phase was significantly higher in all parasitized aphids than in the control group. Although the time of infestation increased for parasitized aphids, the total duration of phloem sap ingestion decreased. Interestingly, the percentage of time M. persicae spent in the xylem and phloem phases only changed significantly on day 5. The percent transmission of PVY by the aphids parasitized on day 5 was lower than that in the control, but no significant differences were detected. The significance of this work is the demonstration that A. gifuensis can impede the feeding behavior of M. persicae, which sheds light on the biological basis of A. gifuensis as a natural enemy, but unfortunately does not provide an immediate solution for disrupting the transmission of PVY.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Qin He
- College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yong-Qiang Zhang
- College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Juan-Ni Chen
- College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Wen-Long Chen
- Guizhou Key Laboratory of Plant Disease and Pest Management for Mountain Agriculture, Institute of Entomology, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Xian-Yi Zeng
- College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Hai-Tao Chen
- Chongqing Institute of Tobacco Science, Chongqing, China
| | - Wei Ding
- College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
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11
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Mondal S, Gray SM. Sequential acquisition of Potato virus Y strains by Myzus persicae favors the transmission of the emerging recombinant strains. Virus Res 2017; 241:116-124. [PMID: 28666897 DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2017.06.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2017] [Revised: 06/26/2017] [Accepted: 06/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
In the past decade recombinant strains of Potato virus Y (PVY) have overtaken the ordinary strain, PVYO, as the predominant viruses affecting the US seed potato crop. Aphids may be a contributing factor in the emergence of the recombinant strains, but studies indicate that differences in transmission efficiency of individual PVY strains either from single or mixed infections, although variable, are not generally significant. Multiple strains of PVY are present in all potato production areas and common in many potato fields. Therefore, it is likely that individual alate aphids moving through a potato field will sequentially encounter multiple strains as they "taste test" multiple potato plants while looking for a suitable host. This study examined the transmission likelihood and efficiency of three common PVY strains when acquired sequentially by individual aphids. Green peach aphids (Myzus persicae, Sulzer) were allowed a 2-3min acquisition access period (AAP) on potato leaves infected with PVYO, PVYN:O or PVYNTN, followed by another 2-3min AAP on a second potato leaf infected with a different PVY strain before being transferred to healthy potato seedlings for a 24h inoculation access period. All possible combinations of the three strains were tested. Strain-specific infection of the recipient plants was determined by TAS-ELISA and RT-PCR 3-4wk post-inoculation. The recombinant strains, PVYN:O and PVYNTN, were transmitted more efficiently than PVYO when they were sequentially acquired regardless of the order acquired. PVYN:O and PVYNTN were transmitted with similar efficiencies when they were sequentially acquired regardless of the order. The recombinant strains appear to preferentially bind to the aphid stylet over PVYO or they may be preferentially released during inoculation. This may contribute to the increased incidence of the recombinant strains over PVYO in fields or production regions where multiple PVY strains are detected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaonpius Mondal
- Plant Pathology and Plant-Microbe Biology Section, School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University,Ithaca, NY 14853-5904, United States
| | - Stewart M Gray
- Plant Pathology and Plant-Microbe Biology Section, School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University,Ithaca, NY 14853-5904, United States; USDA-ARS, Emerging Pests and Pathogen Research Unit, Ithaca, NY 14853-5904, United States.
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Mondal S, Lin YH, Carroll JE, Wenninger EJ, Bosque-Pérez NA, Whitworth JL, Hutchinson P, Eigenbrode S, Gray SM. Potato virus Y Transmission Efficiency from Potato Infected with Single or Multiple Virus Strains. PHYTOPATHOLOGY 2017; 107:491-498. [PMID: 27938241 DOI: 10.1094/phyto-09-16-0322-r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
There has been a recent shift in the prevalence of Potato virus Y (PVY) strains affecting potato with the ordinary strain PVYO declining and the recombinant strains PVYNTN and PVYN:O emerging in the United States. Multiple PVY strains are commonly found in potato fields and even in individual plants. Factors contributing to the emergence of the recombinant strains are not well defined but differential aphid transmission of strains from single and mixed infections may play a role. We found that the transmission efficiencies by Myzus persicae, the green peach aphid, of PVYNTN, PVYN:O, and PVYO varied depending on the potato cultivar serving as the virus source. Overall transmission efficiency was highest from sources infected with three virus strains, whereas transmission from sources infected with one or two virus strains was not significantly different. Two strains were concomitantly transmitted by individual aphids from many of the mixed-source combinations, especially if PVYO was present. Triple-strain infections were not transmitted by any single aphid. PVYO was transmitted most efficiently from mixed-strain infection sources. The data do not support the hypothesis that differential transmission of PVY strains by M. persicae is a major contributing factor in the emergence of recombinant PVY strains in the U.S. potato crop.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaonpius Mondal
- First and seventh authors: Department of Plant, Soil, and Entomological Sciences, University of Idaho, Aberdeen Research & Extension Center, University of Idaho, Aberdeen, ID 83210; second and ninth authors: Section of Plant Pathology and Plant-Microbe Biology, School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853-5904; third author: New York State IPM Program and Section of Plant Pathology and Plant-Microbe Biology Cornell University, 630 W. North St., Geneva, NY 14456; fourth author: Department of Plant, Soil, and Entomological Sciences, University of Idaho, Kimberly Research & Extension Center, University of Idaho, Kimberly, ID 83341-5082; fifth and eighth authors: Department of Plant, Soil, and Entomological Sciences, University of Idaho, 875 Perimeter Drive, Moscow, ID 83844-2339; sixth author: United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS), Small Grains and Potato Germplasm Research, Aberdeen, ID 83210; and ninth author: USDA-ARS, Emerging Pests and Pathogen Research Unit, Robert W. Holley Center for Agriculture and Heath, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853-5904
| | - Yu-Hsuan Lin
- First and seventh authors: Department of Plant, Soil, and Entomological Sciences, University of Idaho, Aberdeen Research & Extension Center, University of Idaho, Aberdeen, ID 83210; second and ninth authors: Section of Plant Pathology and Plant-Microbe Biology, School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853-5904; third author: New York State IPM Program and Section of Plant Pathology and Plant-Microbe Biology Cornell University, 630 W. North St., Geneva, NY 14456; fourth author: Department of Plant, Soil, and Entomological Sciences, University of Idaho, Kimberly Research & Extension Center, University of Idaho, Kimberly, ID 83341-5082; fifth and eighth authors: Department of Plant, Soil, and Entomological Sciences, University of Idaho, 875 Perimeter Drive, Moscow, ID 83844-2339; sixth author: United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS), Small Grains and Potato Germplasm Research, Aberdeen, ID 83210; and ninth author: USDA-ARS, Emerging Pests and Pathogen Research Unit, Robert W. Holley Center for Agriculture and Heath, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853-5904
| | - Juliet E Carroll
- First and seventh authors: Department of Plant, Soil, and Entomological Sciences, University of Idaho, Aberdeen Research & Extension Center, University of Idaho, Aberdeen, ID 83210; second and ninth authors: Section of Plant Pathology and Plant-Microbe Biology, School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853-5904; third author: New York State IPM Program and Section of Plant Pathology and Plant-Microbe Biology Cornell University, 630 W. North St., Geneva, NY 14456; fourth author: Department of Plant, Soil, and Entomological Sciences, University of Idaho, Kimberly Research & Extension Center, University of Idaho, Kimberly, ID 83341-5082; fifth and eighth authors: Department of Plant, Soil, and Entomological Sciences, University of Idaho, 875 Perimeter Drive, Moscow, ID 83844-2339; sixth author: United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS), Small Grains and Potato Germplasm Research, Aberdeen, ID 83210; and ninth author: USDA-ARS, Emerging Pests and Pathogen Research Unit, Robert W. Holley Center for Agriculture and Heath, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853-5904
| | - Erik J Wenninger
- First and seventh authors: Department of Plant, Soil, and Entomological Sciences, University of Idaho, Aberdeen Research & Extension Center, University of Idaho, Aberdeen, ID 83210; second and ninth authors: Section of Plant Pathology and Plant-Microbe Biology, School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853-5904; third author: New York State IPM Program and Section of Plant Pathology and Plant-Microbe Biology Cornell University, 630 W. North St., Geneva, NY 14456; fourth author: Department of Plant, Soil, and Entomological Sciences, University of Idaho, Kimberly Research & Extension Center, University of Idaho, Kimberly, ID 83341-5082; fifth and eighth authors: Department of Plant, Soil, and Entomological Sciences, University of Idaho, 875 Perimeter Drive, Moscow, ID 83844-2339; sixth author: United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS), Small Grains and Potato Germplasm Research, Aberdeen, ID 83210; and ninth author: USDA-ARS, Emerging Pests and Pathogen Research Unit, Robert W. Holley Center for Agriculture and Heath, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853-5904
| | - Nilsa A Bosque-Pérez
- First and seventh authors: Department of Plant, Soil, and Entomological Sciences, University of Idaho, Aberdeen Research & Extension Center, University of Idaho, Aberdeen, ID 83210; second and ninth authors: Section of Plant Pathology and Plant-Microbe Biology, School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853-5904; third author: New York State IPM Program and Section of Plant Pathology and Plant-Microbe Biology Cornell University, 630 W. North St., Geneva, NY 14456; fourth author: Department of Plant, Soil, and Entomological Sciences, University of Idaho, Kimberly Research & Extension Center, University of Idaho, Kimberly, ID 83341-5082; fifth and eighth authors: Department of Plant, Soil, and Entomological Sciences, University of Idaho, 875 Perimeter Drive, Moscow, ID 83844-2339; sixth author: United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS), Small Grains and Potato Germplasm Research, Aberdeen, ID 83210; and ninth author: USDA-ARS, Emerging Pests and Pathogen Research Unit, Robert W. Holley Center for Agriculture and Heath, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853-5904
| | - Jonathan L Whitworth
- First and seventh authors: Department of Plant, Soil, and Entomological Sciences, University of Idaho, Aberdeen Research & Extension Center, University of Idaho, Aberdeen, ID 83210; second and ninth authors: Section of Plant Pathology and Plant-Microbe Biology, School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853-5904; third author: New York State IPM Program and Section of Plant Pathology and Plant-Microbe Biology Cornell University, 630 W. North St., Geneva, NY 14456; fourth author: Department of Plant, Soil, and Entomological Sciences, University of Idaho, Kimberly Research & Extension Center, University of Idaho, Kimberly, ID 83341-5082; fifth and eighth authors: Department of Plant, Soil, and Entomological Sciences, University of Idaho, 875 Perimeter Drive, Moscow, ID 83844-2339; sixth author: United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS), Small Grains and Potato Germplasm Research, Aberdeen, ID 83210; and ninth author: USDA-ARS, Emerging Pests and Pathogen Research Unit, Robert W. Holley Center for Agriculture and Heath, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853-5904
| | - Pamela Hutchinson
- First and seventh authors: Department of Plant, Soil, and Entomological Sciences, University of Idaho, Aberdeen Research & Extension Center, University of Idaho, Aberdeen, ID 83210; second and ninth authors: Section of Plant Pathology and Plant-Microbe Biology, School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853-5904; third author: New York State IPM Program and Section of Plant Pathology and Plant-Microbe Biology Cornell University, 630 W. North St., Geneva, NY 14456; fourth author: Department of Plant, Soil, and Entomological Sciences, University of Idaho, Kimberly Research & Extension Center, University of Idaho, Kimberly, ID 83341-5082; fifth and eighth authors: Department of Plant, Soil, and Entomological Sciences, University of Idaho, 875 Perimeter Drive, Moscow, ID 83844-2339; sixth author: United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS), Small Grains and Potato Germplasm Research, Aberdeen, ID 83210; and ninth author: USDA-ARS, Emerging Pests and Pathogen Research Unit, Robert W. Holley Center for Agriculture and Heath, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853-5904
| | - Sanford Eigenbrode
- First and seventh authors: Department of Plant, Soil, and Entomological Sciences, University of Idaho, Aberdeen Research & Extension Center, University of Idaho, Aberdeen, ID 83210; second and ninth authors: Section of Plant Pathology and Plant-Microbe Biology, School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853-5904; third author: New York State IPM Program and Section of Plant Pathology and Plant-Microbe Biology Cornell University, 630 W. North St., Geneva, NY 14456; fourth author: Department of Plant, Soil, and Entomological Sciences, University of Idaho, Kimberly Research & Extension Center, University of Idaho, Kimberly, ID 83341-5082; fifth and eighth authors: Department of Plant, Soil, and Entomological Sciences, University of Idaho, 875 Perimeter Drive, Moscow, ID 83844-2339; sixth author: United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS), Small Grains and Potato Germplasm Research, Aberdeen, ID 83210; and ninth author: USDA-ARS, Emerging Pests and Pathogen Research Unit, Robert W. Holley Center for Agriculture and Heath, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853-5904
| | - Stewart M Gray
- First and seventh authors: Department of Plant, Soil, and Entomological Sciences, University of Idaho, Aberdeen Research & Extension Center, University of Idaho, Aberdeen, ID 83210; second and ninth authors: Section of Plant Pathology and Plant-Microbe Biology, School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853-5904; third author: New York State IPM Program and Section of Plant Pathology and Plant-Microbe Biology Cornell University, 630 W. North St., Geneva, NY 14456; fourth author: Department of Plant, Soil, and Entomological Sciences, University of Idaho, Kimberly Research & Extension Center, University of Idaho, Kimberly, ID 83341-5082; fifth and eighth authors: Department of Plant, Soil, and Entomological Sciences, University of Idaho, 875 Perimeter Drive, Moscow, ID 83844-2339; sixth author: United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS), Small Grains and Potato Germplasm Research, Aberdeen, ID 83210; and ninth author: USDA-ARS, Emerging Pests and Pathogen Research Unit, Robert W. Holley Center for Agriculture and Heath, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853-5904
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Mondal S, Wenninger EJ, Hutchinson PJS, Weibe MA, Eigenbrode SD, Bosque-Pérez NA. Contribution of Noncolonizing Aphids to Potato Virus Y Prevalence in Potato in Idaho. ENVIRONMENTAL ENTOMOLOGY 2016; 45:1445-1462. [PMID: 28028092 DOI: 10.1093/ee/nvw131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2016] [Accepted: 08/29/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Potato virus Y (PVY) is a major concern for potato production in the United States given its impact on both crop quality and yield. Although green peach aphid, Myzus persicae (Sulzer), is the most efficient PVY vector, it may be less abundant in potato-growing areas of Idaho relative to non-potato-colonizing aphid vectors of PVY that may disperse from nearby cereal fields and other crops. A field study was conducted during 2012-2013 to examine if noncolonizing aphids disperse to nearby potato fields as cereal crops dry down before harvest. The aphid fauna was sampled weekly in four different potato fields in south-central and southeastern Idaho using yellow sticky traps and yellow pan traps. Potato fields were chosen with an adjacent cereal field such that the prevailing westerly wind would facilitate aphid dispersal from cereal fields to potato. Non-potato-colonizing aphids sampled included 10 cereal aphid species, the most abundant of which were Rhopalosiphum padi L. and Metopolophium dirhodum (Walker). More than 35 species from noncereal hosts also were found. Overall, green peach aphid abundance was relatively low, ranging from 0.5-2.5% of the total aphid capture between years and among fields. In both years and all locations, cereal aphid abundance peaked in mid- to late July (cereal ripening stage) and decreased thereafter as cereal crops dried. PVY prevalence in the potato fields increased following these increases in aphid abundance. This study suggests that cereal aphids and other noncolonizing aphids are important contributors to PVY prevalence in potato in southern Idaho.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaonpius Mondal
- Department of Plant, Soil, and Entomological Sciences, University of Idaho, Aberdeen Research & Extension Center, University of Idaho, Aberdeen, ID 83210 (; ; )
- Current address: 334 Plant Science Bldg., Plant Pathology and Plant-Microbe Biology Section, School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853-5904
| | - Erik J Wenninger
- Department of Plant, Soil, and Entomological Sciences, University of Idaho, Kimberly Research & Extension Center, University of Idaho, Kimberly, ID 83341-5082
| | - Pamela J S Hutchinson
- Department of Plant, Soil, and Entomological Sciences, University of Idaho, Aberdeen Research & Extension Center, University of Idaho, Aberdeen, ID 83210 (; ; )
| | - Monica A Weibe
- Department of Plant, Soil, and Entomological Sciences, University of Idaho, Aberdeen Research & Extension Center, University of Idaho, Aberdeen, ID 83210 (; ; )
| | - Sanford D Eigenbrode
- Department of Plant, Soil, and Entomological Sciences, University of Idaho, 875 Perimeter Dr., Moscow, ID 83844-2339 (; )
| | - Nilsa A Bosque-Pérez
- Department of Plant, Soil, and Entomological Sciences, University of Idaho, 875 Perimeter Dr., Moscow, ID 83844-2339 (; )
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Shrestha D, McAuslane HJ, Adkins ST, Smith HA, Dufault N, Webb SE. Transmission of Squash vein yellowing virus to and From Cucurbit Weeds and Effects on Sweetpotato Whitefly (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) Behavior. ENVIRONMENTAL ENTOMOLOGY 2016; 45:967-973. [PMID: 27400705 DOI: 10.1093/ee/nvw086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2016] [Accepted: 06/20/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Since 2003, growers of Florida watermelon [Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) Matsum. and Nakai] have periodically suffered large losses from a disease caused by Squash vein yellowing virus (SqVYV), which is transmitted by the whitefly Middle East-Asia Minor 1 (MEAM1), formerly Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) biotype B. Common cucurbit weeds like balsam apple (Momordica charantia L.) and smellmelon [Cucumis melo var. dudaim (L.) Naud.] are natural hosts of SqVYV, and creeping cucumber (Melothria pendula L.) is an experimental host. Study objectives were to compare these weeds and 'Mickylee' watermelon as sources of inoculum for SqVYV via MEAM1 transmission, to determine weed susceptibility to SqVYV, and to evaluate whitefly settling and oviposition behaviors on infected vs. mock-inoculated (inoculated with buffer only) creeping cucumber leaves. We found that the lowest percentage of watermelon recipient plants was infected when balsam apple was used as a source of inoculum. Watermelon was more susceptible to infection than balsam apple or smellmelon. However, all weed species were equally susceptible to SqVYV when inoculated by whitefly. For the first 5 h after release, whiteflies had no preference to settle on infected vs. mock-inoculated creeping cucumber leaves. After 24 h, whiteflies preferred to settle on mock-inoculated leaves, and more eggs were laid on mock-inoculated creeping cucumber leaves than on SqVYV-infected leaves. The transmission experiments (source of inoculum and susceptibility) show these weed species as potential inoculum sources of the virus. The changing settling preference of whiteflies from infected to mock-inoculated plants could lead to rapid spread of virus in the agroecosystem.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Shrestha
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of Florida, 1881 Natural Area Drive, Gainesville, FL 32611 (; ; )
| | - H J McAuslane
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of Florida, 1881 Natural Area Drive, Gainesville, FL 32611 (; ; )
| | - S T Adkins
- USDA, Agricultural Research Service, U. S. Horticultural Research Laboratory, 2001 South Rock Rd., Fort Pierce, FL 34945
| | - H A Smith
- UF/IFAS, Gulf Coast Research and Education Center, 14625 County Rd. 672, Wimauma, FL 33598
| | - N Dufault
- Plant Pathology Department, University of Florida, 2550 Hull Rd., Gainesville, FL 32611
| | - S E Webb
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of Florida, 1881 Natural Area Drive, Gainesville, FL 32611 (; ; )
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