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Radwan AM, Gebreel DT, Allam S, El-Atrash A, Tousson E. Chitosan and Grifola Frondosa nanoparticles insulate liver dysfunction in EAC-bearing mice. Toxicol Res (Camb) 2024; 13:tfae050. [PMID: 38559757 PMCID: PMC10980792 DOI: 10.1093/toxres/tfae050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Ehrlich ascites carcinoma (EAC) is a rapidly growing and undifferentiated tumor that can prompt oxidative stress and liver toxicity, whereas chitosan and Grifola Frondosa have widely recognized biological qualities. Therefore, our study designed to assess the potential ameliorative ability of chitosan nanoparticles (CS NPs) and Grifola Frondosa nanoparticles (GF-loaded casein NPs) on EAC-induced hepatic injury in mice. Methods A total of 60 female albino mice were segregated into 6 groups (10 mice each), G1, control group; G2, CS NPs group; G3, GF-loaded casein NPs group; G4, EAC group; G5, EAC treated with CS NPs; G6, EAC treated with GF-loaded casein NPs. Results According to the findings, EAC considerably increased serum activities of ALT, AST, ALP as well as LDL, cholesterol, and triglycerides levels coincided with marked decrease in albumin and total protein content in liver tissue. At the same time, it drastically lowered GSH levels and catalase activity while significantly elevating MDA levels. In addition, EAC caused DNA damage and apoptosis by decreasing Bcl-2 while increasing p53 expressions. However, either CS NPs or GF-loaded casein NPs therapy improved liver architecture and functioning, increased antioxidant parameters, and prevented hepatocyte death in EAC mice. Conclusions Our findings concluded that CS NPs and GF-loaded casein NPs have insulating functions against EAC-induced hepatic damage in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aliaa M Radwan
- Biochemistry Division, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, El Geish street, Tanta, Gharbia Governorate 31527, Egypt
| | - Doaa T Gebreel
- Medical Equipment Department, Faculty of Allied Medical Sciences, Pharos University, Canal El Mahmoudia Street, beside, Green Plaza 21648, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Sahar Allam
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, El Geish street, Tanta, Gharbia Governorate 31527, Egypt
| | - Afaf El-Atrash
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, El Geish street, Tanta, Gharbia Governorate 31527, Egypt
| | - Ehab Tousson
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, El Geish street, Tanta, Gharbia Governorate 31527, Egypt
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Utkusavas A, Gurel Gurevin E, Yilmazer N, Uvez A, Oztay F, Bulut H, Ustunova S, Esener OBB, Sonmez K, Erol Kutucu D, Meral I, Dimas K, Armutak EI. Effects of combined administration of doxorubicin and chloroquine on lung pathology in mice with solid Ehrlich ascites carcinoma. Biotech Histochem 2022; 97:555-566. [PMID: 35240890 DOI: 10.1080/10520295.2022.2036369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Combined use of a chemotherapeutic agent and an autophagy inhibitor is a novel cancer treatment strategy. We investigated the effects of chloroquine (CQ) on lung pathology caused by both solid Ehrlich ascites carcinoma (EAC) and doxorubicin (DXR). A control group and eight experimental groups of adult female mice were inoculated subcutaneously with 2.5 × 106 EAC cells. DXR (1.5 mg/kg and 3 mg/kg) and CQ (25 mg/kg and 50 mg/kg) alone or in combination were injected intraperitoneally on days 2, 7 and 12 following inoculation with EAC cells. Lung tissue samples were examined using immunohistochemistry (IHC) for endothelial (eNOS), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL). Serum catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were measured using ELISA. We found decreased levels of iNOS and eNOS in the groups that received 1.5 mg/kg DXR alone and in combination with 25 mg/kg and 50 mg/kg CQ. Combined administration of DXR and CQ partially prevented disruption of alveolar structure. Levels of antioxidant enzymes and MDA were lower in all treated groups; the greatest reduction was observed in mice that received the combination of 25 mg/kg CQ + 1.5 mg/kg DXR. Levels of NGAL were elevated in all treated groups. We found that CQ ameliorated both EAC and DOX induced lung pathology in female mice with solid EAC by reducing oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayfer Utkusavas
- Department of Pulmonology, Istanbul Mehmet Akif Ersoy Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ebru Gurel Gurevin
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Nadim Yilmazer
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Tekirdag Namik Kemal University, Tekirdag, Turkey
| | - Ayca Uvez
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Fusun Oztay
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Huri Bulut
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Istinye University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Savas Ustunova
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Bezmialem Vakıf University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Osman B Burak Esener
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Kivilcim Sonmez
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Deniz Erol Kutucu
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey.,Department of Biology, Institute of Graduate Studies in Science and Engineering, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ismail Meral
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Bezmialem Vakıf University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Konstantinos Dimas
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Thessaly University, Larissa, Greece
| | - Elif Ilkay Armutak
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
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Mukherjee S, Ghosh S, Choudhury S, Gupta P, Adhikary A, Chattopadhyay S. Pomegranate Polyphenols Attenuate Inflammation and Hepatic Damage in Tumor-Bearing Mice: Crucial Role of NF-κB and the Nrf2/GSH Axis. J Nutr Biochem 2021; 97:108812. [PMID: 34224820 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2021.108812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Revised: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 06/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
It has been widely reported that cancer, along with its treatment regimens, cause severe toxicity in the host. A suitable agent having chemopreventive properties as well as capabilities of ameliorating tumor- and drug-induced toxicities is of imminent need. Pomegranate has been projected as an excellent anti-tumor, anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant agent. In this study, for the first time, we delineated the exact signaling cascade by which dietary supplementation of pomegranate fruit extract (PFE) protects tumor-bearing mice from tumor-induced hepatotoxicity. Increased activities of serum Alanine transaminase, Aspartate transaminase, Lactate dehydrogenase and Alkaline phosphatase, as well as histological studies confirmed the establishment of a state of hepatic dysfunction in tumor-bearers. Further investigations revealed that increased hepatic reactive oxygen species content and glutathione depletion-initiated apoptosis in these hepatocytes as we observed an alteration in the apoptotic proteins. PFE supplementation in tumor-bearing mice, on the other hand, differentially modulated redox-sensitive transcription factors Nrf2 and NF-κB, ultimately decreasing tumor-induced hepatic oxidative damage and cell death. siRNA-mediated inhibition of Nrf2 and NF-κB completely abolished the hepato-protective activities of PFE while pre-treatment of tumor-conditioned hepatocytes with N-acetyl cysteine augmented the cyto-protective properties of PFE. The present study clearly identified Nrf2/NF-κB/glutathione axis as the key factor behind the hepatoprotective potential of PFE. These findings would add to the existing knowledge about cancer chemoprevention by dietary polyphenols and might lead to the application of pomegranate polyphenols as supplement to escalate the effectiveness of cancer therapy by protecting normal cells from cancer related toxicities.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sayan Ghosh
- Department of Physiology, University of Calcutta; Kolkata, India
| | | | - Payal Gupta
- Department of Physiology, University of Calcutta; Kolkata, India
| | - Arghya Adhikary
- Centre for Research in Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, India
| | - Sreya Chattopadhyay
- Department of Physiology, University of Calcutta; Kolkata, India; Centre for Research in Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, India.
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Abd Eldaim MA, Tousson E, El Sayed IET, Abd Elmaksoud AZ, Ahmed AAS. Ameliorative effects of 9-diaminoacridine derivative against Ehrlich ascites carcinoma-induced hepatorenal injury in mice. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:21835-21850. [PMID: 33415614 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-11857-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 11/26/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Ehrlich ascites carcinoma induces hepatorenal injuries while acridine derivatives have antioxidant, anticancer, and anti-inflammatory. Thus, this study evaluated the protective potential of a newly synthesized the 9-diaminoacridine derivative (9-DAAD), N1-(acridin-9-yl) propane-1, 3-diamine hydrochloride, against Ehrlich ascites carcinoma (EAC) induced hepatorenal injury in female mice. Forty female mice were allocated into 4 groups. Group I was injected with 0.1% DMSO subcutaneously and kept a control. Group II received 9-DAAD (30 mg/kg bw/2 days) subcutaneously for 2 weeks. Group III was injected interaperitonealy with 2.5 × 106 cells of EAC/20 g bw. Group IV was injected with EAC as the third group and administered with 9-DAAD as the second group for 2 weeks after induction of EAC. EAC significantly elevated total leukocytes and platelets counts; activities of serum AST, ALT, and ALP; serum levels of alpha-fetoprotein; carcinoembryonic antigen; urea and creatinine; and expression of vascular endothelial growth factor protein in hepatic and renal tissues. Meanwhile it decreased red blood cells count, hemoglobin concentration and hematocrit value. At the same time, it significantly reduced serum levels of total protein and albumin and altered hepatic and renal tissues structures. Also, EAC decreased apoptosis and DNA synthesis in hepatic and renal cells. However, treatment of EAC-bearing mice with 9-DAAD improved liver and kidney structures, functions and modulated EAC altered parameters, as well as it reduced hepatic and renal cells proliferation and DNA synthesis. This study indicated that 9-DAAD had a potential ameliorative effect against EAC-induced hepatorenal injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mabrouk Attia Abd Eldaim
- Department of Biochemistry and Chemistry of Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Menoufia University, Sheben Elkom, Menoufia, 32511, Egypt.
| | - Ehab Tousson
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | | | | | - Abdullah A S Ahmed
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Menoufia University, Sheben Elkom, 32511, Egypt
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5
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El-Gawad AMA, El-Hassan DGA, Aboul-Enein AM, Abdelgayed SS, Aly SA, Esmat G, Mostafa AA, Bakr MH, Ali RA, Ayoub MA. Anticancer activity of milk fat rich in conjugated linoleic acid against Ehrlich ascites carcinoma cells in female Swiss albino mice. Vet World 2021; 14:696-708. [PMID: 33935416 PMCID: PMC8076465 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2021.696-708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Aim: The major conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) isomers have anticancer effect, especially breast cancer cells, inhibits cell growth and induces cell death. Also, CLA has several health benefits in vivo, including antiatherogenesis, antiobesity, and modulation of immune function. The present study aimed to assess the safety and anticancer effects of milk fat CLA against in vivo Ehrlich ascites carcinoma (EAC) in female Swiss albino mice. This was based on acute toxicity study, detection of the tumor growth, life span of EAC bearing hosts, and simultaneous alterations in the hematological, biochemical, and histopathological profiles. Materials and Methods: One hundred and fifty adult female mice were equally divided into five groups. Groups (1-2) were normal controls, and Groups (3-5) were tumor transplanted mice (TTM) inoculated intraperitoneally with EAC cells (2×106/0.2 mL). Group (3) was (TTM positive control). Group (4) TTM fed orally on balanced diet supplemented with milk fat CLA (40 mg CLA/kg body weight). Group (5) TTM fed orally on balanced diet supplemented with the same level of CLA 28 days before tumor cells inoculation. Blood samples and specimens from liver and kidney were collected from each group. The effect of milk fat CLA on the growth of tumor, life span of TTM, and simultaneous alterations in the hematological, biochemical, and histopathological profiles were examined. Results: For CLA treated TTM, significant decrease in tumor weight, ascetic volume, viable Ehrlich cells accompanied with increase in life span were observed. Hematological and biochemical profiles reverted to more or less normal levels and histopathology showed minimal effects. Conclusion: The present study proved the safety and anticancer efficiency of milk fat CLA and provides a scientific basis for its medicinal use as anticancer attributable to the additive or synergistic effects of its isomers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Diea G Abo El-Hassan
- Department of Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Ahmed M Aboul-Enein
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Sherein S Abdelgayed
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Salwa A Aly
- Department of Food Hygiene, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Gamal Esmat
- Department of Hepatogastroenterology and Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Amr A Mostafa
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Mohamed H Bakr
- Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Rida A Ali
- Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud A Ayoub
- Department of Clinical and Chemical Pathology, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
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6
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McAlpine MD, Gittings W, MacNeil AJ, Ward WE. Black and Green Tea as Well as Specialty Teas Increase Osteoblast Mineralization with Varying Effectiveness. J Med Food 2020; 24:866-872. [PMID: 33252307 PMCID: PMC8403192 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2020.0139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Many human studies suggest a benefit of tea consumption on bone health. The study objective was to compare the ability of different tea types to promote mineralization. Saos-2 cells underwent mineralization (5 days) in the presence of tea (white: WT, green: GT, black: BT, green rooibos: GR, or red rooibos: RR; 1 μg/mL of polyphenols) or control. Total polyphenol content (TPC, Folin-Ciocalteu's reagent), antioxidant capacity (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl [DPPH] scavenging), mineralization (Alizarin Red staining), gene expression quantitative reverse transcription PCR (RT-qPCR), and cell activity (3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay) were determined. TPC was highest in GT and BT. The ability of each tea to inhibit DPPH also differed (WT, GT > RR) after normalizing for polyphenol quantity. Each tea increased mineralization and differences were observed among types (GT/BT/GR/RR > WT, GT = BT = GR, RR > BT/GT). mRNA expression of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase (NPP1) remained unchanged, whereas osteopontin (OPN) and sclerostin (SOST) were reduced in cells treated with tea, regardless of type. At 24- and 48-h postexposure to tea, cell activity was greater in cells receiving any of the teas compared with vehicle control. Supplementation increased mineralization regardless of tea type with both rooibos teas and black tea stimulating greater mineralization than WT, whereas green tea is similar to the others. While future study is needed to confirm in vivo effects, the results suggest that consuming any of the teas studied may benefit bone health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael D McAlpine
- Department of Kinesiology, Faculty of Applied Health Sciences, Brock University, St. Catharines, Ontario, Canada.,Center for Bone and Muscle Health, Brock University, St. Catharines, Ontario, Canada
| | - William Gittings
- Department of Kinesiology, Faculty of Applied Health Sciences, Brock University, St. Catharines, Ontario, Canada.,Center for Bone and Muscle Health, Brock University, St. Catharines, Ontario, Canada
| | - Adam J MacNeil
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Applied Health Sciences, Brock University, St. Catharines, Ontario, Canada
| | - Wendy E Ward
- Department of Kinesiology, Faculty of Applied Health Sciences, Brock University, St. Catharines, Ontario, Canada.,Center for Bone and Muscle Health, Brock University, St. Catharines, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Applied Health Sciences, Brock University, St. Catharines, Ontario, Canada
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7
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Ali DA, Badr El-Din NK, Abou-El-magd RF. Antioxidant and hepatoprotective activities of grape seeds and skin against Ehrlich solid tumor induced oxidative stress in mice. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejbas.2015.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Doaa A. Ali
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, University of Mansoura, Mansoura, Egypt
| | | | - Rania F. Abou-El-magd
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Gazan University, Gazan, Saudi Arabia
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8
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Bhattacharjee A, Basu A, Biswas J, Sen T, Bhattacharya S. Chemoprotective and chemosensitizing properties of selenium nanoparticle (Nano-Se) during adjuvant therapy with cyclophosphamide in tumor-bearing mice. Mol Cell Biochem 2016; 424:13-33. [PMID: 27696310 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-016-2839-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2016] [Accepted: 09/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Cyclophosphamide (CP) is one of the widely used anticancer agents; however, it has serious deleterious effects on normal host cells due to its nonspecific action. The essential trace element Selenium (Se) is suggested to have chemopreventive and chemotherapeutic efficacy and currently used in pharmaceutical formulations. Previous report had shown Nano-Se could protect CP-induced hepatotoxicity and genotoxicity in normal Swiss albino mice; however, its role in cancer management is still not clear. The aim of present study is to investigate the chemoprotective efficacy of Nano-Se against CP-induced toxicity as well as its chemoenhancing capability when used along with CP in Swiss albino mice against Ehrlich's ascites carcinoma (EAC) cells. CP was administered (25 mg/kg b.w., i.p.) and Nano-Se was given (2 mg Se/kg b.w., p.o.) in concomitant and pretreatment schedule. Increase levels of serum hepatic marker, hepatic lipid peroxidation, DNA damage, and chromosomal aberration in CP-treated mice were significantly (P < 0.05) reversed by Nano-Se. The lowered status of various antioxidant enzymes in tumor-bearing mice after CP treatment was also effectively increased by Nano-Se. Administration of Nano-Se along with CP caused a significant reduction in tumor volume, packed cell volume, viable tumor cell count, and increased the survivability of the tumor-bearing hosts. The results suggest that Nano-Se exhibits significant antitumor and antioxidant effects in EAC-bearing mice. The potential for Nano-Se to ameliorate the CP-evoked toxicity as well as to improve the chemotherapeutic effect could have beneficial implications for patients undergoing chemotherapy with CP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arin Bhattacharjee
- Department of Cancer Chemoprevention, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, 37, S. P. Mukherjee Road, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700026, India
| | - Abhishek Basu
- Department of Cancer Chemoprevention, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, 37, S. P. Mukherjee Road, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700026, India
| | - Jaydip Biswas
- Department of Translational Research, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, 37, S. P. Mukherjee Road, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700026, India
| | - Tuhinadri Sen
- Division of Pharmacology, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, 188, Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700032, India
| | - Sudin Bhattacharya
- Department of Cancer Chemoprevention, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, 37, S. P. Mukherjee Road, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700026, India.
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9
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Mukherjee S, Ghosh S, Das DK, Chakraborty P, Choudhury S, Gupta P, Adhikary A, Dey S, Chattopadhyay S. Gold-conjugated green tea nanoparticles for enhanced anti-tumor activities and hepatoprotection--synthesis, characterization and in vitro evaluation. J Nutr Biochem 2015; 26:1283-97. [PMID: 26310506 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2015.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2014] [Revised: 06/03/2015] [Accepted: 06/10/2015] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Green tea (GT)-based chemoprevention has shown promising results in various cancer models. However, the effective dose may not be far from the toxic dose because of inefficient systemic delivery and limited bio-availability of GT polyphenols. We have used GT polyphenols to successfully reduce gold to corresponding gold nanoparticles (NPs) in a single step; a process that fulfils all criteria of green nanotechnology as no "man-made" chemical other than gold acids are used. GT and (-) - epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) conjugated gold NPs (diameters <50 nm), showed remarkable stability, significantly rapid cellular uptake and excellent in vitro anti-oxidant activities. These NPs were observed to be selectively toxic towards cancer cells (Ehrlich's Ascites Carcinoma and MCF-7) while showing absolutely no lethality towards normal primary mouse hepatocytes. In cancer cells, NPs altered the redox status and limited Nrf2 activation by almost 50%. These NPs significantly decreased nuclear translocation of NF-κB, coupled with decreased phosphorylation of IĸB and down-regulation of NF-κB-dependent anti-apoptotic proteins Bcl2 and Akt in a dose-dependent manner, triggering onset of apoptosis. Culturing normal hepatocytes with tumor-conditioned media prompted apoptosis by increasing reactive oxygen species (ROS) and depleting the anti-oxidant defense mechanism of hepatocytes. Pre-treatment with NPs protected hepatocytes from tumor-induced cellular damage by scavenging excess ROS, increasing the levels of reduced glutathione and anti-oxidant enzymes. There was evidence of decreased Bax/Bcl2 ratio and active Caspase 3 levels in these hepatocytes, indicating apoptosis escape. Nanoformulations of GT-based polyphenols might serve as an operative platform for effective delivery, increased bio-availability, enhanced effects and minimal chemotherapy-associated toxicities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudeshna Mukherjee
- Department of Physiology, University of Calcutta; UCSTA, 92, Acharya Prafulla Chandra Road, Kolkata-700009, India
| | - Sayan Ghosh
- Department of Physiology, University of Calcutta; UCSTA, 92, Acharya Prafulla Chandra Road, Kolkata-700009, India
| | - Dipesh Kr Das
- Department of Physiology, University of Calcutta; UCSTA, 92, Acharya Prafulla Chandra Road, Kolkata-700009, India
| | - Priyanka Chakraborty
- Department of Physiology, University of Calcutta; UCSTA, 92, Acharya Prafulla Chandra Road, Kolkata-700009, India
| | - Sreetama Choudhury
- Department of Physiology, University of Calcutta; UCSTA, 92, Acharya Prafulla Chandra Road, Kolkata-700009, India
| | - Payal Gupta
- Department of Physiology, University of Calcutta; UCSTA, 92, Acharya Prafulla Chandra Road, Kolkata-700009, India
| | - Arghya Adhikary
- Centre for Research in Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, University of Calcutta, JD-2, Salt Lake, Sector III, Kolkata-700098, India
| | - Sanjit Dey
- Department of Physiology, University of Calcutta; UCSTA, 92, Acharya Prafulla Chandra Road, Kolkata-700009, India; Centre for Research in Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, University of Calcutta, JD-2, Salt Lake, Sector III, Kolkata-700098, India
| | - Sreya Chattopadhyay
- Department of Physiology, University of Calcutta; UCSTA, 92, Acharya Prafulla Chandra Road, Kolkata-700009, India; Centre for Research in Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, University of Calcutta, JD-2, Salt Lake, Sector III, Kolkata-700098, India.
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10
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Jana S, Patra K, Sarkar S, Jana J, Mukherjee G, Bhattacharjee S, Mandal DP. Antitumorigenic potential of linalool is accompanied by modulation of oxidative stress: an in vivo study in sarcoma-180 solid tumor model. Nutr Cancer 2014; 66:835-48. [PMID: 24779766 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2014.904906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Coriander, used as a common food seasoning, contains linalool as the main constituent of its essential oil. In this study, we tested the effect of linalool vis-à-vis that of a conventional chemotherapeutic drug, cyclophosphamide, against solid S-180 tumor-bearing Swiss albino mice. Tumor volume, cell count, cell cycle phase distribution, apoptosis, and proliferation markers indicate that linalool has potent antitumor activity. In vitro and in vivo data suggest that induction of oxidative stress might be responsible for the anticancer effect of linalool. However, interestingly, unlike cyclophosphamide, linalool did not induce myelosuppression or hepatotoxicity in mice as evident from bone marrow cell count, status of hepatic oxidative stress/antioxidant enzymes, and histopathology. Thus, linalool exerted prooxidant effect in tumor tissue and an antioxidant effect in liver. This is also supported by the expression of Nrf-2 and p21, which are considered to be important players in response to oxidative stress. Moreover, administration of linalool modulated the proliferation of spleen cells in tumor-bearing mice challenged with lipopolysaccharide. Finally, the detection of linalool in sera and tumor tissues by HPLC confirmed its bioavailability. In conclusion, linalool showed differential cytotoxicity towards tumor and normal cells in contrast to cyclophosphamide, which is uniformly toxic to both.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samarjit Jana
- a Department of Zoology , West Bengal State University , West Bengal , India
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11
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Chakraborty S, Mazumdar M, Mukherjee S, Bhattacharjee P, Adhikary A, Manna A, Chakraborty S, Khan P, Sen A, Das T. Restoration of p53/miR-34a regulatory axis decreases survival advantage and ensures Bax-dependent apoptosis of non-small cell lung carcinoma cells. FEBS Lett 2014; 588:549-59. [PMID: 24444609 DOI: 10.1016/j.febslet.2013.11.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2013] [Revised: 11/12/2013] [Accepted: 11/24/2013] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Tumor-suppressive miR-34a, a direct target of p53, has been shown to target several molecules of cell survival pathways. Here, we show that capsaicin-induced oxidative DNA damage culminates in p53 activation to up-regulate expression of miR-34a in non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) cells. Functional analyses further indicate that restoration of miR-34a inhibits B cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2) protein expression to withdraw the survival advantage of these resistant NSCLC cells. In such a proapoptotic cellular milieu, where drug resistance proteins are also down-regulated, p53-transactivated Bcl-2 associated X protein (Bax) induces apoptosis via the mitochondrial death cascade. Our results suggest that p53/miR-34a regulatory axis might be critical in sensitizing drug-resistant NSCLC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samik Chakraborty
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Bose Institute, P1/12, CIT Scheme VIIM, Kolkata 700054, West Bengal, India
| | - Minakshi Mazumdar
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Bose Institute, P1/12, CIT Scheme VIIM, Kolkata 700054, West Bengal, India
| | - Shravanti Mukherjee
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Bose Institute, P1/12, CIT Scheme VIIM, Kolkata 700054, West Bengal, India
| | - Pushpak Bhattacharjee
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Bose Institute, P1/12, CIT Scheme VIIM, Kolkata 700054, West Bengal, India
| | - Arghya Adhikary
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Bose Institute, P1/12, CIT Scheme VIIM, Kolkata 700054, West Bengal, India
| | - Argha Manna
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Bose Institute, P1/12, CIT Scheme VIIM, Kolkata 700054, West Bengal, India
| | - Sreeparna Chakraborty
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Bose Institute, P1/12, CIT Scheme VIIM, Kolkata 700054, West Bengal, India
| | - Poulami Khan
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Bose Institute, P1/12, CIT Scheme VIIM, Kolkata 700054, West Bengal, India
| | - Aparna Sen
- Lady Brabourne College, P-1/2, Suhrawardy Ave, Kolkata, India
| | - Tanya Das
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Bose Institute, P1/12, CIT Scheme VIIM, Kolkata 700054, West Bengal, India.
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12
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Mazumdar M, Adhikary A, Chakraborty S, Mukherjee S, Manna A, Saha S, Mohanty S, Dutta A, Bhattacharjee P, Ray P, Chattopadhyay S, Banerjee S, Chakraborty J, Ray AK, Sa G, Das T. Targeting RET to induce medullary thyroid cancer cell apoptosis: an antagonistic interplay between PI3K/Akt and p38MAPK/caspase-8 pathways. Apoptosis 2013; 18:589-604. [PMID: 23329180 DOI: 10.1007/s10495-013-0803-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Mutations in REarranged during Transfection (RET) receptor tyrosine, followed by the oncogenic activation of RET kinase is responsible for the development of medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) that responds poorly to conventional chemotherapy. Targeting RET, therefore, might be useful in tailoring surveillance of MTC patients. Here we showed that theaflavins, the bioactive components of black tea, successfully induced apoptosis in human MTC cell line, TT, by inversely modulating two molecular pathways: (i) stalling PI3K/Akt/Bad pathway that resulted in mitochondrial transmembrane potential (MTP) loss, cytochrome-c release and activation of the executioner caspases-9 and -3, and (ii) upholding p38MAPK/caspase-8/caspase-3 pathway via inhibition of Ras/Raf/ERK. Over-expression of either constitutively active myristoylated-Akt-cDNA (Myr-Akt-cDNA) or dominant-negative-caspase-8-cDNA (Dn-caspase-8-cDNA) partially blocked theaflavin-induced apoptosis, while co-transfection of Myr-Akt-cDNA and Dn-caspase-8-cDNA completely eradicated the effect of theaflavins thereby negating the possibility of existence of other pathways. A search for the upstream signaling revealed that theaflavin-induced disruption of lipid raft caused interference in anchorage of RET in lipid raft that in turn stalled phosphorylation of Ras and PI3Kinase. In such anti-survival cellular micro-environment, pro-apoptotic signals were triggered to culminate into programmed death of MTC cell. These findings not only unveil a hitherto unexplained mechanism underlying theaflavin-induced MTC death, but also validate RET as a promising and potential target for MTC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minakshi Mazumdar
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Bose Institute, P-1/12, Calcutta Improvement Trust Road, Scheme VII M, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700 054, India
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13
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Karmakar S, Das D, Maiti A, Majumdar S, Mukherjee P, Das AS, Mitra C. Black tea prevents high fat diet-induced non-alcoholic steatohepatitis. Phytother Res 2012; 25:1073-81. [PMID: 21452373 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.3466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The chemoprotective actions of aqueous black tea extract (BTE) against high-fat diet (HFD) (60%)-induced non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) were examined in Wistar rats of both sexes. The results indicated that the HFD rats had higher concentrations of serum glucose, cholesterol, triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein, very low-density lipoprotein, high-density lipoprotein and bilirubin than the corresponding control rats. The enzymes serum aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase, which are indicators of liver function, also exhibited higher levels of activity in HFD rats. BTE extract supplementation was found to correct such steatohepatitis-linked biochemical changes. HFD-induced steatohepatitis was associated with substantial pro-oxidant conditions in rat liver, as evidenced by the higher content of malondialdehyde, nitric oxide production and glutathione depletion, with a concomitant decrease in liver antioxidant status caused by reducing superoxide dismutase and catalase activity. In addition, rats with steatohepatitis showed a significantly higher expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase, caspase-3 activity and DNA fragmentation. BTE reversed the changes in the pro-oxidant and antioxidant status of the liver, and protected against apoptotic, cytogenetic and hepatocellular damage. In summary, these data suggest that nutritional support with antioxidants may be useful in preventing oxidative damage and the progression of NASH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subhra Karmakar
- Department of Physiology, Presidency College, Kolkata 700073, India
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14
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Chen X, Lu W, Zheng Y, Gu K, Chen Z, Zheng W, Shu XO. Exercise, tea consumption, and depression among breast cancer survivors. J Clin Oncol 2010; 28:991-8. [PMID: 20048185 DOI: 10.1200/jco.2009.23.0565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To examine the association of lifestyle factors and supplement use with depression among breast cancer survivors. PATIENTS AND METHODS In a population-based cohort study conducted between April 2002 and December 2006 in Shanghai, China, a total of 1,399 women who were diagnosed with stage 0 to III breast cancer completed 6-month and 18-month postdiagnosis, in-person interviews. Information on sociodemographic, clinical, and lifestyle factors were collected through the interviews and through review of medical charts at approximately 6 months postdiagnosis. A metabolic equivalent (MET) score was calculated from reported exercise activities. Quality of life (QOL) was evaluated by the Medical Outcomes Short Form-36 Health Survey at 6 months postdiagnosis. Depressive symptoms were measured by using a 20-item Center for Epidemiological Studies-Depression Scale at approximately 18 months postdiagnosis. Results Overall, 26% of women reported depressive symptoms and 13% met the criteria of clinical depression at 18 months postdiagnosis. Women with a higher exercise level (ie, >/= 8.3 MET h/wk) were less likely to have depression than nonexercisers; the multivariate adjusted odds ratios (ORs) were 0.71 (95% CI, 0.47 to 1.07) for mild depression and 0.56 (95% CI, 0.35 to 0.88) for clinical depression in analyses controlled for sociodemographic and clinical factors and baseline QOL. Women who increased their exercise level had lower risk for depression. Regular tea consumption (ie, > 100 g dried tea leaves/mo) was inversely associated with overall depression (OR, 0.39; 95% CI, 0.19 to 0.84). No associations were found for dietary intake or supplement use with depression. CONCLUSION Regular exercise participation and tea consumption may play an important role in the prevention of depression among breast cancer survivors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoli Chen
- Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, 2525 West End Ave, Suite 600, Nashville, TN 37203-1738, USA
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