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Greene ND, Riley T, Mastroianni R, Billimoria ZC, Enquobahrie DA, Baker C, Gray MM, Umoren RA. Neonatal Vital Sign Trajectories and Risk Factors During Transport Within a Regional Care Network. Air Med J 2022; 41:542-548. [PMID: 36494170 DOI: 10.1016/j.amj.2022.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to characterize vital sign abnormalities, trajectories, and related risk factors during neonatal transport. METHODS We performed a retrospective analysis of neonates transported within a US regional care network in 2020 to 2021. Demographic and clinical data were collected from electronic records. Group-based trajectory modeling was applied to identify groups of neonates who followed distinct vital sign trajectories during transport. Patients with conditions likely to impact the assessed vital were excluded. Risk factors for trajectories were examined using modified Poisson regression models. RESULTS Of the 620 neonates in the study, 92% had one abnormal systolic blood pressure (SBP) measure, approximately half had an abnormal heart rate (47%) or temperature (56%), and 28% had an abnormal oxygen saturation measure during transport. Over half (53%) were in a low and decreasing SBP trajectory, and 36% were in a high and increasing heart rate trajectory. Most infants ≤ 28 weeks postmenstrual age had 2 or more concerning vital sign trajectories during transport. CONCLUSION Abnormal vital signs were common during neonatal transport, and potentially negative trajectories in heart rate and SBP were more common than temperature or oxygen saturation. Transport teams should be trained and equipped to detect concerning trends and respond appropriately while en route.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nancy D Greene
- Department of Health Services, University of Washington, Seattle, WA.
| | - Taylor Riley
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - Rossella Mastroianni
- Division of Neonatology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA
| | - Zeenia C Billimoria
- Division of Neonatology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA
| | | | | | - Megan M Gray
- Division of Neonatology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA
| | - Rachel A Umoren
- Division of Neonatology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA
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Rodríguez-López J, De la Cruz Bértolo J, García-Lara NR, Núñez Vecino JL, Soriano-Ramos M, Asla Elorriaga I, Román Echevarría L, Pellicer A, Marín Huarte N, Vento M, Parra-Llorca A, Cabañas F, González Sánchez R, García-Algar Ó, Martín-Ancel A, Copons Fernández C, González Carrasco E, Beato M, Pallás-Alonso CR. Mother's Bed Incline and Desaturation Episodes in Healthy Term Newborns during Early Skin-to-Skin Contact: A Multicenter Randomized Controlled Trial. Neonatology 2021; 118:702-709. [PMID: 34695832 DOI: 10.1159/000519387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Early skin-to-skin contact (ESSC) is associated with rare, sudden, unexpected postnatal collapse episodes. Placing the newborn in ESSC closer to an upright position may reduce the risk of airway obstruction and improve respiratory mechanics. This study assessed whether a greater inclination of the mother's bed during ESSC would reduce the proportion of healthy term newborns (HTNs) who experienced episodes of pulse oximeter saturation (SpO2) <91%. METHODS We conducted a multicenter randomized controlled trial comparing the effect of the mother's bed incline, 45° versus 15°, on desaturation in HTNs during ESSC. Before delivery on 1,271 dyads, randomization was conducted, and stringent criteria to select healthy mothers and term newborns were monitored until after birth. Preductal SpO2 was continuously monitored between 10 min and 2 h after birth. The primary outcome was the occurrence of at least one episode of SpO2 <91%. RESULTS 254 (20%) mother-infant dyads were eligible for analysis (45°, n = 126; 15°, n = 128). Overall, 57% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 51%-63%) of newborns showed episodes of SpO2 <91%. The proportion of infants with SpO2 <91% episodes was 52% in 45° and 62% in 15° (relative risk: 0.80; 95% CI: 0.6-1.07). CONCLUSIONS We did not show that a high mother bed inclination during ESSC led to significantly fewer HTNs who experienced episodes of SpO2 <91%. Desaturation episodes from 10 min to 2 h after birth occurred in more than half of HTNs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesús Rodríguez-López
- Department of Neonatology, Health Research Institute Imas12, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Nadia Raquel García-Lara
- Department of Neonatology, Health Research Institute Imas12, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain
| | - José Luis Núñez Vecino
- Department of Neonatology, Health Research Institute Imas12, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain
| | - María Soriano-Ramos
- Department of Neonatology, Health Research Institute Imas12, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | - Adelina Pellicer
- Department of Neonatology, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Máximo Vento
- Division of Neonatology, Neonatal Research Group, Health Research Institute La Fe, University and Polytechnic Hospital La Fe, Valencia, Spain
| | - Anna Parra-Llorca
- Division of Neonatology, Neonatal Research Group, Health Research Institute La Fe, University and Polytechnic Hospital La Fe, Valencia, Spain
| | - Fernando Cabañas
- Department of Pediatrics and Neonatology, Quirónsalud Madrid University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
| | - Raquel González Sánchez
- Department of Pediatrics and Neonatology, Quirónsalud Madrid University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
| | - Óscar García-Algar
- Neonatology Unit, ICGON, IDIBAPS, Hospital Clinic-Maternitat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ana Martín-Ancel
- Neonatology Unit, Sant Joan de Déu University Hospital and Clínic University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | | | - Maite Beato
- Neonatology Unit, Severo Ochoa University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
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Rodríguez López J, García Lara NR, López Maestro M, De la Cruz Bértolo J, Martínez Ávila JC, Vento M, Parra Llorca A, Izquierdo Macián I, Pellicer A, Marín Huarte N, Asla Elorriaga I, Román Echevarría L, Copons Fernández C, Martín Ancel A, Cabañas F, García Algar Ó, Pallás Alonso CR. What is the impact of mother's bed incline on episodes of decreased oxygen saturation in healthy newborns in skin-to-skin contact after delivery: Study protocol for a randomized controlled trial. Trials 2019; 20:179. [PMID: 30894206 PMCID: PMC6427856 DOI: 10.1186/s13063-019-3256-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2017] [Accepted: 02/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Early mother-child skin-to-skin contact (SSC) in the first 2 h postpartum is highly beneficial for both mother and child. However, cases have been reported of newborns who have experienced apparently life-threatening events (ALTEs) or sudden death during this procedure. The causes of these events are unknown. Newborn's prone position could influence the onset of these events but there is very little evidence to support any recommendation. We hypothesize that newborns' breathing obstruction episodes increase as mothers lie more horizontally. The main objective of this study is to compare the occurrence of desaturation and bradycardia episodes as a function of mother's bed incline. The study is designed as a randomized, controlled, assessor blind, multicenter, superiority trial with two parallel groups and 1:1 allocation ratio. METHODS The study participants will be full-term healthy mother-newborn dyads from ten hospitals in Spain. Participants will be randomly assigned to one of two study arms defined by mother's bed inclination (45° or 15°). The planned sample size is 5866. Centralized permuted blocks randomization and assessor blinding will be implemented. The newborns will be monitored remotely with pulse oximetry, from 10 min to 2 h after delivery. We established SO2 and heart rate (HR) limit alarms, as well as an action protocol in the event of alarm activation. The primary outcome is the number of healthy newborns who undergo episodes of SO2 ≤ 90%. Secondary outcomes are the mean SO2 level, the number of newborns who experience episodes of SO2 ≤ 85%, the time to SSC discontinuation due to abnormal SO2 or HR, and episodes of HR < 111 beats per minute (bpm) or > 180 bpm. Subgroups and pooled analysis will be performed to identify if breast-feeding and mother and child positions favor the occurrence of desaturation or bradycardia episodes. DISCUSSION A simple intervention such as modifying mother's bed angle of inclination while in SSC with her child during the first 2 h postpartum could favor newborn's hemodynamic and respiratory stabilization and thus contribute to reducing the onset of ALTEs. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT02585492 . Registered on 22nd October 2015. PROTOCOL VERSION 2 (30th June 2015).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesús Rodríguez López
- Neonatology Department, 12 de Octubre, University Hospital, Avenida de Córdoba s/n, 28041 Madrid, Spain
| | - Nadia Raquel García Lara
- Neonatology Department, 12 de Octubre, University Hospital, Avenida de Córdoba s/n, 28041 Madrid, Spain
| | - María López Maestro
- Neonatology Department, 12 de Octubre, University Hospital, Avenida de Córdoba s/n, 28041 Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier De la Cruz Bértolo
- Neonatology Department, 12 de Octubre, University Hospital, Avenida de Córdoba s/n, 28041 Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Máximo Vento
- Neonatology Department, La Fe University Hospital, Avenida de Fernando Abril Martorell, 106, 46026 València, Spain
| | - Ana Parra Llorca
- Neonatology Department, La Fe University Hospital, Avenida de Fernando Abril Martorell, 106, 46026 València, Spain
| | - Isabel Izquierdo Macián
- Neonatology Department, La Fe University Hospital, Avenida de Fernando Abril Martorell, 106, 46026 València, Spain
| | - Adelina Pellicer
- Neonatology Department, La Paz University Hospital, Paseo de la Castellana, 261, 28046 Madrid, Spain
| | - Natalia Marín Huarte
- Neonatology Department, La Paz University Hospital, Paseo de la Castellana, 261, 28046 Madrid, Spain
| | - Izaskun Asla Elorriaga
- Neonatology Department, Cruces University Hospital, Plaza de Cruces, S/N, 48903 Baracaldo, Vizcaya Spain
| | - Lourdes Román Echevarría
- Neonatology Department, Cruces University Hospital, Plaza de Cruces, S/N, 48903 Baracaldo, Vizcaya Spain
| | - Cristina Copons Fernández
- Neonatology Department, Vall d’Hebron University Hospital, Passeig de la Vall d’Hebron, 119-129, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ana Martín Ancel
- Neonatology Department, San Joan de Déu University Hospital, Passeig de Sant Joan de Déu, 2, 08950 Esplugues de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Fernando Cabañas
- Neonatology Department, Quironsalud Madrid University Hospital, Calle Diego de Velázquez, 1, 28223 Pozuelo de Alarcón, Madrid, Spain
| | - Óscar García Algar
- Maternal, Fetal and Neonatal Department, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu- Clínic University Hospital, Carrer de Villarroel, 170, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carmen Rosa Pallás Alonso
- Neonatology Department, 12 de Octubre, University Hospital, Avenida de Córdoba s/n, 28041 Madrid, Spain
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Uslu S, Zubarioglu U, Sozeri S, Dursun M, Bulbul A, Kiray Bas E, Turkoglu Unal E, Uslu A. Factors Affecting the Target Oxygen Saturation in the First Minutes of Life in Preterm Infants. J Trop Pediatr 2017; 63:286-293. [PMID: 28013253 DOI: 10.1093/tropej/fmw090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to describe the effect of factors on time to reach a pulse oxygen saturation (SpO2) level of 90% in preterm infants in the delivery room. METHODS Preterm (<35 gestational age) infants who did not require supplemental oxygen were included in the study. Continuous recordings were taken by pulse oximetry during the first 15 min of life. RESULTS Of 151 preterm infants, 79 (52.3%) were female and 126 (83.5%) were delivered by cesarean section. Target saturation level (≥90%) was achieved faster in preductal measurements. Mean times taken to have a preductal and postductal SpO2 level of 90% were significantly lower in preterm babies born by vaginal delivery, with umbilical arterial pH ≥ 7.20 and whose mothers were non-smokers during pregnancy. CONCLUSIONS Differences in achievement of target saturation level were influenced by multiple factors (birth way, probe location, maternal smoking and umbilical blood gas pH) in the delivery room during resuscitation of preterm babies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sinan Uslu
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Sisli Hamidiye Etfal Educational and Research Hospital, 34360 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Umut Zubarioglu
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Sisli Hamidiye Etfal Educational and Research Hospital, 34360 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Sehrinaz Sozeri
- Nurse of Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Sisli Hamidiye Etfal Educational and Research Hospital, 34360 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Mesut Dursun
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Sisli Hamidiye Etfal Educational and Research Hospital, 34360 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ali Bulbul
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Sisli Hamidiye Etfal Educational and Research Hospital, 34360 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Evrim Kiray Bas
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Sisli Hamidiye Etfal Educational and Research Hospital, 34360 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ebru Turkoglu Unal
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Sisli Hamidiye Etfal Educational and Research Hospital, 34360 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Aysegul Uslu
- Division of Pediatrics, Kagithane State Hospital, 34416 Istanbul, Turkey
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Jeyapal S, Kommu PPK, Manikandan M, Krishnan L. Performance of Two Different Pulse Oximeters in Neonatal Transition. Indian J Pediatr 2017; 84:7-12. [PMID: 27538981 DOI: 10.1007/s12098-016-2212-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2015] [Accepted: 08/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the performance of two different pulse oximeter technologies by comparing the time taken to achieve reliable oxygen saturation readings during neonatal transition. METHODS This cross-sectional study was done to compare the performance of two pulse oximeter technologies - Signal Extraction Technology (SET), and Resistor Calibration (RCAL) technology on 150 inborn, term neonates at birth. Probes of both pulse oximeters were connected to the pre-ductal limb and the time taken to obtain a reliable reading was recorded. Sequential saturation values were recorded every minute till ten minutes of life. Statistical analysis was done with Mann-Whitney U test and intraclass correlation coefficient was calculated. RESULTS Pulse oximeter with SET recorded reliable readings faster than RCAL technology - Median (IQR) 32 (21-60)s vs. 45 (21.75-105)s, p = 0.021. There was a significant difference in the time to record first saturation readings of the two pulse oximeters when used in normal deliveries [RCAL vs. SET-Median (IQR) 50s (25-120.75) vs. 32.5s (21.75-58.25), p = 0.004] but no such difference was observed in Lower Segment Cesarean section (LSCS) [RCAL vs. SET Median (IQR) 35.5s (18.25-70.75) vs. 31s (20-69.75), p = 0.968]. Sequential saturation readings for every minute for the first 10 min of life were higher with SET vs. RCAL technology. The intraclass correlation coefficient between both pulse oximeters, for each minute, was poor (r < 0.80). CONCLUSIONS The SET pulse oximeter picked up first saturation values faster than the RCAL technology pulse oximeters. Studies are needed to evaluate effect of this on decisions made during neonatal resuscitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunita Jeyapal
- Department of Pediatrics, Pondicherry Institute of Medical Sciences, Ganapathichettikulam, Pondicherry, 605014, India
| | - Peter Prasanth Kumar Kommu
- Department of Pediatrics, Pondicherry Institute of Medical Sciences, Ganapathichettikulam, Pondicherry, 605014, India
| | - M Manikandan
- Department of Community Medicine, Pondicherry Institute of Medical Sciences, Ganapathichettykulam, Pondicherry, 605014, India
| | - Lalitha Krishnan
- Department of Pediatrics, Pondicherry Institute of Medical Sciences, Ganapathichettikulam, Pondicherry, 605014, India.
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Vento M, Hummler H, Dawson J, Escobar J, Kuligowski J. Use of Oxygen in the Resuscitation of Neonates. OXIDATIVE STRESS IN APPLIED BASIC RESEARCH AND CLINICAL PRACTICE 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-1405-0_11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Abstract
Pulse oximetry is increasingly being used in the delivery room. Expert recommendations state that oxygen therapy during newborn resuscitation should be guided by pulse oximetry. Obtaining accurate and stable oxygen saturation and heart rate information from a pulse oximeter in the delivery room can be challenging. Understanding the properties of this device is important in overcoming these challenges. This article describes several aspects of pulse oximetry use in the delivery room ranging from technical issues with the device itself to clinical applications of the technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yacov Rabi
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Paediatrics, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
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Dawson JA, Saraswat A, Simionato L, Thio M, Kamlin COF, Owen LS, Schmölzer GM, Davis PG. Comparison of heart rate and oxygen saturation measurements from Masimo and Nellcor pulse oximeters in newly born term infants. Acta Paediatr 2013; 102:955-60. [PMID: 23800004 DOI: 10.1111/apa.12329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2013] [Revised: 06/03/2013] [Accepted: 06/19/2013] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
AIM To compare heart rate (HR) measurements from Masimo and Nellcor pulse oximeters (POs) against HR measured via a three lead electrocardiograph (ECG) (HRECG ). We also compared peripheral oxygen saturation (SpO2 ) measurements between Nellcor and Masimo oximeters. METHOD Term infants born via elective caesarean section were studied. ECG leads were placed on the infant's chest and abdomen. Masimo and Nellcor PO sensors were randomly allocated to either foot. The monitors were placed on a trolley, and data from each monitor screen captured by a video camera. HR, SpO2 measurements and signal quality were extracted. Bland-Altman analysis was used to determine agreement between HR from the ECG and each oximeter, and between SpO2 from the oximeters. RESULTS We studied 44 infants of whom 4 were resuscitated. More than 8000 pairs of observations were used for each comparison of HR and SpO2. The mean difference (±2SD) between HRECG and HRN ellcor was -0.8 (±11) beats per minute (bpm); between HRECG and HRM asimo was 0.2 (±9) bpm. The mean (±2SD) difference between SpO2Masimo and SpO2Nellcor was -3 (±15)%. The Nellcor PO measured 20% higher than the Masimo PO at SpO2 <70%. CONCLUSION Both oximeters accurately measure HR. There was good agreement between SpO2 measurements when SpO2 ≥70%. At lower SpO2 , agreement was poorer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - A Saraswat
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology; The University of Melbourne; Melbourne; Vic; Australia
| | - L Simionato
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology; The University of Melbourne; Melbourne; Vic; Australia
| | - M Thio
- Neonatal Services; The Royal Women's Hospital; Melbourne; Vic; Australia
| | - COF Kamlin
- Neonatal Services; The Royal Women's Hospital; Melbourne; Vic; Australia
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Beşkardeş A, Salihoğlu O, Can E, Atalay D, Akyol B, Hatipoğlu S. Oxygen saturation of healthy term neonates during the first 30 minutes of life. Pediatr Int 2013; 55:44-8. [PMID: 23016944 DOI: 10.1111/j.1442-200x.2012.03731.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2012] [Revised: 08/26/2012] [Accepted: 09/13/2012] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The purpose of this study was to document the oxygen saturation (SpO(2) ), general physical signs and laboratory characteristics during the first 30 min of life. METHODS Forty healthy singleton full-term neonates delivered vaginally (n = 33) or by cesarean section (n = 7) were included in this prospective observational study. After delivery, the SpO(2) levels of the upper (right hand; 'preductal') and lower (dorsum of the right foot; 'postductal') extremities of the neonates lying on the servo-controlled radiant heater in the delivery room were measured simultaneously with oximeter probes (Oxiprobe BM-270) placed at 1, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, and 30 min. The correlation between pre- and postductal SpO(2) level and different variables (vital signs, capillary refill time recorded at 1 and 15 min, cord pH and hemoglobin values, and Apgar scores at 1 and 5 min) was examined. RESULTS The 1 min pre- and postductal SpO(2) were 82.3 ± 7.34% and 79.08 ± 8.16% (P > 0.05), respectively. The preductal values at 5, 10, and 15 min were statistically higher than the postductal values (89.73 ± 6.01%, 93.43 ± 4.06%, and 94.53 ± 3.19% vs 85.53 ± 6.92%, 89.9 ± 4.91%, 92.83 ± 3.92%, respectively). SpO(2) was the same regardless of the mode of delivery. No correlations were found between pre- and postductal SpO(2) and other variables. CONCLUSIONS Oxygen saturation was not affected by mode of delivery, was independent of Apgar score, cord hemoglobin, cord pH, vital signs, and capillary refill time in the first few minutes of life, and did not reach 90% in the first 5 min of life in healthy full-term neonates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayşegül Beşkardeş
- Department of Paediatrics, Bakırkoy Dr Sadi Konuk Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
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Chauhan S, Singh PK, Gahalaut P, Prasad PL. Correlation of pulse oximetry and apgar scoring in the normal newborns. J Clin Neonatol 2013; 2:20-4. [PMID: 24027740 PMCID: PMC3761955 DOI: 10.4103/2249-4847.109241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
CONTEXT Apgar score (AS) is routinely used for assessment of newborns immediately after birth. Within acceptable limits, low saturations at birth are normal in vigorous newborn babies. Various studies have questioned the reliability of AS. AIMS To detect whether AS is an accurate indicator of hypoxemia and to study the correlation of different components of AS with the arterial oxygenation saturation (SpO2) levels of normal newborns in the delivery room. SETTINGS AND DESIGN A prospective cross-sectional observational study on normal healthy neonates delivered vaginally in a tertiary level referral medical college. MATERIALS AND METHODS SpO2 levels were monitored continuously in the newborns with a pulse oximeter and serial recording of SpO2 levels was done at 5 min intervals starting at 1 min of life until 30 min after birth. Simultaneously, AS was recorded in these newborns at 1 and 5 min of life. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS Data was analyzed using the Mann-Whitney-U test. RESULTS AS at 1 and 5 min of life didn't correlate with the changes in SpO2 of newborns. In AS; though respiratory efforts and muscle tone were significantly correlated with SpO2 of the newborns, body color did not have significant correlation with simultaneously recorded SpO2. CONCLUSIONS A revised AS in which evaluation of color is replaced by pulse oximetry monitoring would prove to be a better tool for neonatal evaluation in the immediate postnatal period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandhya Chauhan
- Department of Pediatrics, Sri Ram Murti Smarak Institute of Medical Sciences, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Prashant K. Singh
- Department of Pediatrics, Sri Ram Murti Smarak Institute of Medical Sciences, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Pratik Gahalaut
- Department of Dermatology, Sri Ram Murti Smarak Institute of Medical Sciences, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Prem L. Prasad
- Department of Pediatrics, Sri Ram Murti Smarak Institute of Medical Sciences, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
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