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Cheng J, Hill C, Han Y, He T, Ye X, Shabala S, Guo G, Zhou M, Wang K, Li C. New semi-dwarfing alleles with increased coleoptile length by gene editing of gibberellin 3-oxidase 1 using CRISPR-Cas9 in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.). PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2023; 21:806-818. [PMID: 36587283 PMCID: PMC10037138 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.13998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The green revolution was based on genetic modification of the gibberellin (GA) hormone system with "dwarfing" gene mutations that reduces GA signals, conferring shorter stature, thus enabling plant adaptation to modern farming conditions. Strong GA-related mutants with shorter stature often have reduced coleoptile length, discounting yield gain due to their unsatisfactory seedling emergence under drought conditions. Here we present gibberellin (GA) 3-oxidase1 (GA3ox1) as an alternative semi-dwarfing gene in barley that combines an optimal reduction in plant height without restricting coleoptile and seedling growth. Using large-scale field trials with an extensive collection of barley accessions, we showed that a natural GA3ox1 haplotype moderately reduced plant height by 5-10 cm. We used CRISPR/Cas9 technology, generated several novel GA3ox1 mutants and validated the function of GA3ox1. We showed that altered GA3ox1 activities changed the level of active GA isoforms and consequently increased coleoptile length by an average of 8.2 mm, which could provide essential adaptation to maintain yield under climate change. We revealed that CRISPR/Cas9-induced GA3ox1 mutations increased seed dormancy to an ideal level that could benefit the malting industry. We conclude that selecting HvGA3ox1 alleles offers a new opportunity for developing barley varieties with optimal stature, longer coleoptile and additional agronomic traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingye Cheng
- Tasmanian Institute of AgricultureUniversity of TasmaniaHobartTASAustralia
- Western Crop Genetics Alliance, Food Futures Institute, College of Science, Health, Engineering and EducationMurdoch UniversityMurdochWAAustralia
| | - Camilla Hill
- Western Crop Genetics Alliance, Food Futures Institute, College of Science, Health, Engineering and EducationMurdoch UniversityMurdochWAAustralia
| | - Yong Han
- Agriculture and Food, Department of Primary Industries and Regional DevelopmentSouth PerthWAAustralia
| | - Tianhua He
- Western Crop Genetics Alliance, Food Futures Institute, College of Science, Health, Engineering and EducationMurdoch UniversityMurdochWAAustralia
| | - Xingguo Ye
- Institute of Crop ScienceChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Sergey Shabala
- Tasmanian Institute of AgricultureUniversity of TasmaniaHobartTASAustralia
- School of Biological ScienceUniversity of Western AustraliaPerthWAAustralia
| | - Ganggang Guo
- Institute of Crop ScienceChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Meixue Zhou
- Tasmanian Institute of AgricultureUniversity of TasmaniaHobartTASAustralia
| | - Ke Wang
- Institute of Crop ScienceChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Chengdao Li
- Western Crop Genetics Alliance, Food Futures Institute, College of Science, Health, Engineering and EducationMurdoch UniversityMurdochWAAustralia
- Agriculture and Food, Department of Primary Industries and Regional DevelopmentSouth PerthWAAustralia
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Karunarathne SD, Han Y, Zhang XQ, Li C. CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing and natural variation analysis demonstrate the potential for HvARE1 in improvement of nitrogen use efficiency in barley. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY 2022; 64:756-770. [PMID: 35014191 DOI: 10.1111/jipb.13214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Nitrogen is a major determinant of grain yield and quality. As excessive use of nitrogen fertilizer leads to environmental pollution and high production costs, improving nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) is fundamental for a sustainable agriculture. Here, we dissected the role of the barley abnormal cytokinin response1 repressor 1 (HvARE1) gene, a candidate for involvement in NUE previously identified in a genome-wide association study, through natural variation analysis and clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated protein 9 (Cas9)-mediated gene editing. HvARE1 was predominantly expressed in leaves and shoots, with very low expression in roots under low nitrogen conditions. Agrobacterium-mediated genetic transformation of immature embryos (cv. Golden Promise) with single guide RNAs targeting HvARE1 generated 22 T0 plants, from which four T1 lines harbored missense and/or frameshift mutations based on genotyping. Mutant are1 lines exhibited an increase in plant height, tiller number, grain protein content, and yield. Moreover, we observed a 1.5- to 2.8-fold increase in total chlorophyll content in the flag leaf at the grain filling stage. Delayed senescence by 10-14 d was also observed in mutant lines. Barley are1 mutants had high nitrogen content in shoots under low nitrogen conditions. These findings demonstrate the potential of ARE1 in NUE improvement in barley.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sakura D Karunarathne
- Western Crop Genetics Alliance, College of Science, Health, Engineering and Education, Murdoch University, Perth, WA, 6150, Australia
- Western Australian State Agricultural Biotechnology Centre, Murdoch University, Perth, WA, 6150, Australia
| | - Yong Han
- Western Crop Genetics Alliance, College of Science, Health, Engineering and Education, Murdoch University, Perth, WA, 6150, Australia
- Department of Primary Industries and Regional Development, Perth, WA, 6151, Australia
| | - Xiao-Qi Zhang
- Western Crop Genetics Alliance, College of Science, Health, Engineering and Education, Murdoch University, Perth, WA, 6150, Australia
- Western Australian State Agricultural Biotechnology Centre, Murdoch University, Perth, WA, 6150, Australia
| | - Chengdao Li
- Western Crop Genetics Alliance, College of Science, Health, Engineering and Education, Murdoch University, Perth, WA, 6150, Australia
- Western Australian State Agricultural Biotechnology Centre, Murdoch University, Perth, WA, 6150, Australia
- Department of Primary Industries and Regional Development, Perth, WA, 6151, Australia
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Miroshnichenko D, Klementyeva A, Dolgov S. The Effect of Daminozide, Dark/Light Schedule and Copper Sulphate in Tissue Culture of Triticum timopheevii. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 10:2620. [PMID: 34961089 PMCID: PMC8706679 DOI: 10.3390/plants10122620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Revised: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 11/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Triticum timopheevii Zhuk. is a tetraploid wheat that is utilized worldwide as a valuable breeding source for wheat improvement. Gene-based biotechnologies can contribute to this field; however, T. timopheevii exhibits recalcitrance and albinism in tissue cultures, making this species of little use for manipulation through genetic engineering and genome editing. This study tested various approaches to increasing in vitro somatic embryogenesis and plant regeneration, while reducing the portion of albinos in cultures derived from immature embryos (IEs) of T. timopheevii. They included (i) adjusting the balance between 2,4-D and daminozide in callus induction medium; (ii) cultivation using various darkness/illumination schedules; and (iii) inclusion of additional concentrations of copper ions in the tissue culture medium. We achieved a 2.5-fold increase in somatic embryogenesis (up to 80%) when 50 mg L-1 daminozide was included in the callus induction medium together with 3 mg L-1 2,4-D. It was found that the dark cultivation for 20-30 days was superior in terms of achieving maximum culture efficiency; moreover, switching to light in under 2 weeks from culture initiation significantly increased the number of albino plants, suppressed somatic embryogenesis, and decreased the regeneration of green plants. Media containing higher levels of copper ions did not have a positive effect on the regeneration of green plants; contrarily, the elevated concentrations caused albinism in plantlets. The results and relevant conclusions of the present study might be valuable for establishing an improved protocol for the regeneration of green plants in tissue cultures of T. timopheevii.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dmitry Miroshnichenko
- Kurchatov Genomics Center of All-Russia Research Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology, Timiryazevskaya Street 42, 127550 Moscow, Russia
- Branch of Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russion Academy of Science, 142290 Pushchino, Russia; (A.K.); (S.D.)
| | - Anna Klementyeva
- Branch of Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russion Academy of Science, 142290 Pushchino, Russia; (A.K.); (S.D.)
| | - Sergey Dolgov
- Branch of Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russion Academy of Science, 142290 Pushchino, Russia; (A.K.); (S.D.)
- All-Russia Research Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology, Timiryazevskaya Street 42, 127550 Moscow, Russia
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Han Y, Broughton S, Liu L, Zhang XQ, Zeng J, He X, Li C. Highly efficient and genotype-independent barley gene editing based on anther culture. PLANT COMMUNICATIONS 2021; 2:100082. [PMID: 33898972 PMCID: PMC8060703 DOI: 10.1016/j.xplc.2020.100082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2020] [Revised: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Recalcitrance to tissue culture and genetic transformation is the major bottleneck for gene manipulation in crops. In barley, immature embryos of Golden Promise have typically been used as explants for transformation. However, the genotype dependence of this approach limits the genetic modification of commercial varieties. Here, we developed an anther culture-based system that permits the effective creation of transgenic and gene-edited plants from commercial barley varieties. The protocol was tested in Golden Promise and four Australian varieties, which differed in phenology, callus induction, and green plant regeneration responses. Agrobacterium-mediated transformation was performed on microspore-derived callus to target the HvPDS gene, and T0 albinos with targeted mutations were successfully obtained from commercial varieties. Further editing of three targets was achieved with an average mutation rate of 53% in the five varieties. In 51 analyzed T0 individuals, Cas9 induced a large proportion (69%) of single-base indels and two-base deletions in the target sites, with variable mutation rates among targets and varieties. Both on-target and off-target activities were detected in T1 progenies. Compared with immature embryo protocols, this genotype-independent platform can deliver a high editing efficiency and more regenerant plants within a similar time frame. It shows promise for functional genomics and the application of CRISPR technologies for the precise improvement of commercial varieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Han
- Western Barley Genetics Alliance, College of Science, Health, Engineering and Education, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia
- Western Australian State Agricultural Biotechnology Centre, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia
| | - Sue Broughton
- Department of Primary Industries and Regional Development, 3 Baron-Hay Court, South Perth, WA 6151, Australia
| | - Li Liu
- Department of Primary Industries and Regional Development, 3 Baron-Hay Court, South Perth, WA 6151, Australia
| | - Xiao-Qi Zhang
- Western Barley Genetics Alliance, College of Science, Health, Engineering and Education, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia
- Western Australian State Agricultural Biotechnology Centre, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia
| | - Jianbin Zeng
- College of Agronomy, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong 266109, China
| | - Xiaoyan He
- College of Agronomy, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong 266109, China
| | - Chengdao Li
- Western Barley Genetics Alliance, College of Science, Health, Engineering and Education, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia
- Department of Primary Industries and Regional Development, 3 Baron-Hay Court, South Perth, WA 6151, Australia
- Western Australian State Agricultural Biotechnology Centre, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia
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Tarafdar A, Vishwakarma H, Gothandapani S, Bhati M, Biswas K, Prakash A, Chaturvedi U, Solanke AU, Padaria JC. A quick, easy and cost-effective in planta method to develop direct transformants in wheat. 3 Biotech 2019; 9:180. [PMID: 31058046 PMCID: PMC6470228 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-019-1708-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2018] [Accepted: 04/08/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Agrobacterium mediated in planta method was used to transform Indian elite wheat genotype HD2894 with herbicide-tolerant CP4-EPSPS (5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase) gene. The apical meristems of germinated seeds were targeted for introgression of transgene. The obtained T1 plants were screened by spraying 1% glyphosate and only positive transformants survived. The presence of transgene was also confirmed by PCR and Southern hybridization. Using this method, 3.07% transformation rate was observed. To identify transgenic lines carrying stably integrated CP4-EPSPS gene, the transgenic populations were screened in T3 generation using 1% glyphosate and lines with 100% survival were considered as homozygous. No significant morpho-physiological variations were observed within the transgenic lines as compared to non-transgenic plants. The present study resulted in herbicide-tolerant transgenic wheat and provides a valuable tool for development of wheat genetic transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avijit Tarafdar
- National Research Centre on Plant Biotechnology, Pusa Campus, New Delhi, 110012 India
| | - Harinder Vishwakarma
- National Research Centre on Plant Biotechnology, Pusa Campus, New Delhi, 110012 India
| | - S. Gothandapani
- National Research Centre on Plant Biotechnology, Pusa Campus, New Delhi, 110012 India
| | - Meenal Bhati
- National Research Centre on Plant Biotechnology, Pusa Campus, New Delhi, 110012 India
| | - Koushik Biswas
- National Research Centre on Plant Biotechnology, Pusa Campus, New Delhi, 110012 India
| | - Arul Prakash
- National Research Centre on Plant Biotechnology, Pusa Campus, New Delhi, 110012 India
| | - Uttara Chaturvedi
- National Research Centre on Plant Biotechnology, Pusa Campus, New Delhi, 110012 India
| | - Amolkumar U. Solanke
- National Research Centre on Plant Biotechnology, Pusa Campus, New Delhi, 110012 India
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Han N, Na C, Chai Y, Chen J, Zhang Z, Bai B, Bian H, Zhang Y, Zhu M. Over-expression of (1,3;1,4)-β-D-glucanase isoenzyme EII gene results in decreased (1,3;1,4)-β-D-glucan content and increased starch level in barley grains. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2017; 97:122-127. [PMID: 26927391 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.7695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2015] [Revised: 08/24/2015] [Accepted: 02/25/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND High content of (1,3;1,4)-β-d-glucan in barley grains is regarded as an undesirable factor affecting malting potential, brewing yield and feed utilization. Production of thermostable bacterial (1,3;1,4)-β-glucanase in transgenic barley grain or supplementation of exogenous bacterial (1,3;1,4)-β-glucanase has been used to improve malt and feed quality. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of over-expression of an endogenous (1,3;1,4)-β-glucanase on β-glucan content and grain composition in barley. RESULTS A construct containing full-length HvGlb2 cDNA encoding barley (1,3;1,4)-β-glucanase isoenzyme EII under the control of a promoter of barley D-Hordein gene Hor3-1 was introduced into barley cultivar Golden Promise via Agrobacterium-mediated transformation, and transgenic plants were regenerated after hygromycin selection. The T2 generation of proHor3:HvGlb2 transgenic lines showed increased activity of (1,3;1,4)-β-glucanase in grains. Total β-glucan content was reduced by more than 95.73% in transgenic grains compared with the wild-type control. Meanwhile, over-expression of (1,3;1,4)-β-glucanase led to an increase in 1000-grain weight, which might be due to elevated amounts of starch in the grain. CONCLUSION Manipulating the expression of (1,3;1,4)-β-glucanase EII can control the β-glucan content in grain with no apparent harmful effects on grain quality of transgenic plants. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Han
- Key Laboratory for Cell and Gene Engineering of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Genetics, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chenglong Na
- Key Laboratory for Cell and Gene Engineering of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Genetics, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yuqiong Chai
- Key Laboratory for Cell and Gene Engineering of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Genetics, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jianshu Chen
- Key Laboratory for Cell and Gene Engineering of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Genetics, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhongbo Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Cell and Gene Engineering of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Genetics, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang, China
| | - Bin Bai
- Key Laboratory for Cell and Gene Engineering of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Genetics, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hongwu Bian
- Key Laboratory for Cell and Gene Engineering of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Genetics, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yuhong Zhang
- Tibet Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, China
| | - Muyuan Zhu
- Key Laboratory for Cell and Gene Engineering of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Genetics, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang, China
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