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Ferrari A, Spiga M, Rodriguez MD, Fiorentino F, Gil-Herrera J, Hernandez P, Hidalgo M, Johnstone C, Khemiri S, Mokhtar-Jamaï K, Nadal I, Pérez M, Sammartino S, Vasconcellos M, Cariani A. Matching an Old Marine Paradigm: Limitless Connectivity in a Deep-Water Fish over a Large Distance. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:2691. [PMID: 37684955 PMCID: PMC10486518 DOI: 10.3390/ani13172691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Investigations of population structuring in wild species are fundamental to complete the bigger picture defining their ecological and biological roles in the marine realm, to estimate their recovery capacity triggered by human disturbance and implement more efficient management strategies for fishery resources. The Blackspot Seabream (Pagellus bogaraveo, Brünnich 1768) is a commercially valuable deep-water fish highly exploited over past decades. Considering its exploitation status, deepening the knowledge of intraspecific variability, genetic diversity, and differentiation using high-performing molecular markers is considered an important step for a more effective stock assessment and fishery management. With one of the largest efforts conceived of and completed by countries overlooking the Atlantic and Mediterranean coasts in recent years, a total of 320 individuals were collected from different fishing grounds in the Mediterranean Sea and Atlantic Ocean and analysed using 29 microsatellite loci. We applied multiple statistical approaches to investigate the species' connectivity and population structure across most of its described distribution area. Considering the incomplete knowledge regarding the migratory behaviour of adults, here we suggest the importance of egg and larval dispersal in sustaining the observed genetic connectivity on such a large geographical scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice Ferrari
- Department of Biological, Geological & Environmental Sciences (BiGeA), University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (M.S.); (A.C.)
| | - Martina Spiga
- Department of Biological, Geological & Environmental Sciences (BiGeA), University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (M.S.); (A.C.)
| | | | - Fabio Fiorentino
- Institute for Marine Biological Resources and Biotechnology (IRBIM), National Research Council (CNR), 91026 Trapani, Italy;
- Stazione Zoologica Anton Dorhn, 90149 Palermo, Italy
| | | | - Pilar Hernandez
- Technical Unit for Western Mediterranean, General Fisheries Commission for the Mediterranean (GFCM), Fisheries and Aquaculture Division, Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO) of the United Nations, 29014 Malaga, Spain;
| | - Manuel Hidalgo
- Oceanographic Center of the Balearic Islands, Ecosystem Oceanography Group (GRECO), Spanish Institute of Oceanography (IEO, CSIC), 07015 Palma, Spain;
| | - Carolina Johnstone
- Centro Oceanográfico de Málaga (IEO, CSIC), 29640 Málaga, Spain; (M.D.R.); (C.J.)
| | - Sana Khemiri
- Institut National des Sciences et Technologies de la Mer, Salammbô 2025, Tunisia;
| | - Kenza Mokhtar-Jamaï
- Laboratoire de Génétique des Populations Halieutiques, Institut National de Recherche Halieutique (INRH), Centre Régional d’Agadir, Agadir 80000, Morocco;
| | - Irene Nadal
- Physical Oceanography Group, Instituto de Biotecnología y Desarrollo Azul (IBYDA), Universidad de Málaga, 29071 Málaga, Spain;
| | - Montse Pérez
- AquaCOV, Centro Oceanográfico de Vigo (IEO, CSIC), 36390 Pontevedra, Spain;
| | - Simone Sammartino
- Physical Oceanography Group, Instituto de Ingeniería Oceánica (IIO), Universidad de Málaga, 29071 Málaga, Spain;
| | - Marcelo Vasconcellos
- Fisheries and Aquaculture Division, Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) of the United Nations, 00153 Rome, Italy;
| | - Alessia Cariani
- Department of Biological, Geological & Environmental Sciences (BiGeA), University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (M.S.); (A.C.)
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Ferrari A, Crobe V, Cannas R, Leslie RW, Serena F, Stagioni M, Costa FO, Golani D, Hemida F, Zaera-Perez D, Sion L, Carbonara P, Fiorentino F, Tinti F, Cariani A. To Be, or Not to Be: That Is the Hamletic Question of Cryptic Evolution in the Eastern Atlantic and Mediterranean Raja miraletus Species Complex. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:2139. [PMID: 37443937 DOI: 10.3390/ani13132139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 06/25/2023] [Accepted: 06/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite a high species diversity, skates (Rajiformes) exhibit remarkably conservative morphology and ecology. Limited trait variations occur within and between species, and cryptic species have been reported among sister and non-sister taxa, suggesting that species complexes may be subject to stabilising selection. Three sibling species are currently recognised in the Raja miraletus complex: (i) R. miraletus occurring along the Portuguese and Mediterranean coasts, (ii) R. parva in the Central-Eastern Atlantic off West Africa and (iii) R. ocellifera in the Western Indian Ocean off South Africa. In the present study, the genetic variation at mitochondrial and nuclear markers was estimated in the species complex by analysing 323 individuals sampled across most of its geographical distribution area to test the hypothesis that restricted gene flow and genetic divergence within species reflect known climate and bio-oceanographic discontinuities. Our results support previous morphological studies and confirm the known taxonomic boundaries of the three recognised species. In addition, we identified multiple weakly differentiated clades in the Northeastern Atlantic Ocean and Mediterranean, at least two additional cryptic taxa off Senegal and Angola, a pronounced differentiation of ancient South African clades. The hidden genetic structure presented here may represent a valuable support to species' conservation action plans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice Ferrari
- Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Valentina Crobe
- Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Rita Cannas
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, 09126 Cagliari, Italy
| | - Rob W Leslie
- Branch Fisheries Management, Department Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, Cape Town 8018, South Africa
| | - Fabrizio Serena
- Institute for Biological Resources and Marine Biotechnology, National Research Council, 91026 Trapani, Italy
| | - Marco Stagioni
- Laboratory of Marine Biology and Fisheries, Department Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences, University of Bologna, 61032 Fano, Italy
| | - Filipe O Costa
- Centre of Molecular and Environmental Biology (CBMA) and ARNET-Aquatic Research Network, Department of Biology, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - Daniel Golani
- Department of Evolution, Systematics and Ecology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel
| | - Farid Hemida
- Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Sciences de la Mer et de l'Aménagement du Littoral, Campus Universitaire de Dely Ibrahim, Algiers 16320, Algeria
| | | | - Letizia Sion
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Environment, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | | | - Fabio Fiorentino
- Institute for Biological Resources and Marine Biotechnology, National Research Council, 91026 Trapani, Italy
- Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, 90149 Palermo, Italy
| | - Fausto Tinti
- Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Alessia Cariani
- Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
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Cielocha JJ, Martinez E, Jackson A, Yoneva A. Characterization of Spermatozoon Ultrastructure in Tetragonocephalum sp. (Cestoda: Lecanicephalidea: Tetragonocephalidae) from the Whipray, Urogymnus asperrimus 1 (Dasyatidae: Urogymninae). J Parasitol 2022; 108:500-510. [DOI: 10.1645/22-42] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Emma Martinez
- Biology Department, Rockhurst University, Kansas City, Missouri 64110
| | - Anne Jackson
- Biology Department, Rockhurst University, Kansas City, Missouri 64110
| | - Aneta Yoneva
- Institute of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Research, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2 Gagarin Street, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
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Schaeffner BC, Smit NJ. Parasites of cartilaginous fishes (Chondrichthyes) in South Africa - a neglected field of marine science. Folia Parasitol (Praha) 2019; 66. [PMID: 30919826 DOI: 10.14411/fp.2019.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2018] [Accepted: 12/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Southern Africa is considered one of the world's 'hotspots' for the diversity of cartilaginous fishes (Chondrichthyes), with currently 204 reported species. Although numerous literature records and treatises on chondrichthyan fishes are available, a paucity of information exists on the biodiversity of their parasites. Chondrichthyan fishes are parasitised by several groups of protozoan and metazoan organisms that live either permanently or temporarily on and within their hosts. Reports of parasites infecting elasmobranchs and holocephalans in South Africa are sparse and information on most parasitic groups is fragmentary or entirely lacking. Parasitic copepods constitute the best-studied group with currently 70 described species (excluding undescribed species or nomina nuda) from chondrichthyans. Given the large number of chondrichthyan species present in southern Africa, it is expected that only a mere fraction of the parasite diversity has been discovered to date and numerous species await discovery and description. This review summarises information on all groups of parasites of chondrichthyan hosts and demonstrates the current knowledge of chondrichthyan parasites in South Africa. Checklists are provided displaying the host-parasite and parasite-host data known to date.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bjoern C Schaeffner
- Water Research Group, Unit for Environmental Sciences and Management, Potchefstroom Campus, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
| | - Nico J Smit
- Water Research Group, Unit for Environmental Sciences and Management, Potchefstroom Campus, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
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Abstract
Scattered records of parasitic species infecting commercially important marine fishes in sub-Saharan Africa are known from just a few countries where concerted efforts have been made by local parasitologists (e.g. Senegal, Nigeria, South Africa). Most of these consist of taxonomic records or general surveys of parasite faunas associated with marine hosts, which may or may not have been of commercial value. Little to no multi-disciplinary research is conducted in most parts of sub-Saharan Africa and hence parasitological data are not commonly used to advise fisheries management procedures. This review summarizes current knowledge on all parasitological research associated with commercially important marine fish species in sub-Saharan Africa.
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Moghadam MMM, Haseli M. Halysioncum kishiense sp. n. and Echinobothrium parsadrayaiense sp. n. (Cestoda: Diphyllidea) from the banded eagle ray, Aetomylaeus cf. nichofii off the Iranian coast of the Persian Gulf. Folia Parasitol (Praha) 2014. [DOI: 10.14411/fp.2014.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Abbott LM, Caira JN. Morphology meets molecules: a new genus and two new species of diphyllidean cestodes from the Yellowspotted skate, Leucoraja wallacei, from South Africa. J Parasitol 2014; 100:323-30. [PMID: 24451030 DOI: 10.1645/13-414.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Two morphologically disparate undescribed species of diphyllidean cestodes from the Yellowspotted skate, Leucoraja wallacei , from South Africa were included in a recent molecular phylogenetic study aimed at revising diphyllidean classification. From a molecular standpoint, these species were determined to be only distantly related to one another. One (originally referred to as Echinobothrium n. sp. 2) showed affinities with species of the batoid-parasitizing Echinobothrium sensu stricto and is described here as Echinobothrium marquesi n. sp. This species most closely resembles Echinobothrium joshuai, an affinity supported by the previous molecular study, but differs in the form of its "B" hooks and degree of overlap between bothria and cephalic peduncle. The other species (originally referred to as New genus n. sp. 1), although exhibiting the full complement of scolex armature, grouped among primarily shark-hosted genera, most of which lack or exhibit reduced scolex armatures. That unexpected result suggested that erection of a novel genus might be warranted, but morphological grounds supporting the action were not apparent at that time. The present study aimed to explore the morphology of this taxon in more detail. Light and scanning electron microscopy revealed this taxon to be exceptional in that its lateral hooklets, which are arranged in 2 clusters like those of Echinobothrium and Coronocestus, are unique in being arranged in anterior and posterior rows, rather than in a single row. Andocadoncum n. gen. is erected, with Andocadoncum meganae n. sp. as its type, to accommodate this taxon. A minor adjustment to the existing hook formula by presenting counts for the anterior hooklets (a) separately from the posterior hooklets (b) readily accommodates this new form. Leucoraja wallacei is distinctive among skates in hosting 2 different genera of diphyllideans. In the context of the previous molecular phylogenetic analyses, it appears that the presence of Andocadoncum n. gen. in this skate species may be the result of a host-switching event involving a weakly or unarmed shark-hosted taxon moving to a batoid-a shift that was likely accompanied by a return to the fully armed condition seen, for example, in other batoid-parasitizing members of the order.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren McKenna Abbott
- Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, 75 North Eagleville Road, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269-3043
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