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Montes MM, Barneche J, Legunda N, Ferrari W, Aguilar-Aguilar R, Martorelli SR. Systematic assessment of nymphs of Diesingiinae (Pentastomida: Sebekidae) parasitizing Palloceros harpagos (Cyprinodontiformes: Poeciliidae) from Parque Nacional Iguazú, Argentina: filling gaps in an incomplete phylogenetic framework. AN ACAD BRAS CIENC 2023; 95:e20200668. [PMID: 37991102 DOI: 10.1590/0001-3765202320200668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2020] [Accepted: 09/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2023] Open
Abstract
During a search for parasites in fishes from Iguazu River, Argentina, a nymph of pentastomid was found encysted on mesenteries of Phalloceros harpagos. The 28S rDNA and COI mt-DNA were used to compare with the sequences deposited in the GenBank. Pentastomid nymphs belong to the subfamily Diesingiinae (Sebekidae) for having chloride cell pores distributed in a single row per annulus; also, the hooks and rows of spines of our material differ to other genera. Present specimens are most likely Diesingia sp., having 63-74 annuli, a U shaped oral cadre with fibers closing anteriorly and a peg like extension of the oral cadre. The 28S rDNA analysis places our samples into a sister group of Alofia sp., but the COI mt-DNA situate them on the base of the clade. In conclusion, our pentastomid positively belongs to Diesingia sp., however, indisputable assignation requires a reliable description of the nymph, or the availability of sequences linking nymphs and adults, which even could provide evidence of a new hitherto undescribed genus. Aditionally, the systematic position of Sebekia oxycephala previously described by P. harpagos is discussed on the basis of our results, allowing us to suggest a re-assignation of such specimens to the genus Diesingia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martín Miguel Montes
- Centro de Estudios Parasitológicos y Vectores (CEPAVE-UNLP-CONICET-), Boulevard 120 s/n e/60 y 64, C.P. 1900, La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Jorge Barneche
- Centro de Estudios Parasitológicos y Vectores (CEPAVE-UNLP-CONICET-), Boulevard 120 s/n e/60 y 64, C.P. 1900, La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Nicolas Legunda
- Centro de Estudios Parasitológicos y Vectores (CEPAVE-UNLP-CONICET-), Boulevard 120 s/n e/60 y 64, C.P. 1900, La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Walter Ferrari
- Centro de Estudios Parasitológicos y Vectores (CEPAVE-UNLP-CONICET-), Boulevard 120 s/n e/60 y 64, C.P. 1900, La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Rogelio Aguilar-Aguilar
- Departamento de Biología Comparada, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Exterior s/n, C.P. 04510, Ciudad Universitaria, Mexico
| | - Sergio Roberto Martorelli
- Centro de Estudios Parasitológicos y Vectores (CEPAVE-UNLP-CONICET-), Boulevard 120 s/n e/60 y 64, C.P. 1900, La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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de Luna M, García-Barrios R, Barton DP, Guajardo-Martínez G. Tongue Worm (Pentastomida) Parasites of North American Herpetofauna: Checklist of Species, Identification Key, and New State and Host Records from Mexico. J Parasitol 2022; 108:582-594. [DOI: 10.1645/22-52] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Manuel de Luna
- Facultad de Ciencias Forestales, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Carretera a Ciudad Victoria km 145, C.P. 67700, Linares, Nuevo León, México
| | - Roberto García-Barrios
- Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Ciudad Universitaria, Pedro de Alba S/N, C.P. 66455, San Nicolás de los Garza, Nuevo León, México
| | - Diane P. Barton
- School of Agricultural, Environmental and Veterinary Sciences, Charles Sturt University, Locked Bag 588, Wagga Wagga, New South Wales, 2678, Australia
| | - Gerardo Guajardo-Martínez
- Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Ciudad Universitaria, Pedro de Alba S/N, C.P. 66455, San Nicolás de los Garza, Nuevo León, México
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Shamsi S, Zhu X, Halajian A, Barton DP. 28S rRNA sequences for Linguatula spp. Parasitol Res 2022; 121:1799-1804. [PMID: 35362745 PMCID: PMC9098581 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-022-07507-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Identification of specimens belonging to the genus Linguatula (Pentastomida) is relatively easy due to their unique morphology. However, differentiation between species of Linguatula can be challenging for several reasons, including considerable differences between different developmental stages of the parasite within and between species. Currently, 18S rRNA and Cox1 sequences are the only available comparable sequences in GenBank, but recent research has discussed the utility of 28S rRNA for pentastomid phylogenetics. This study presents 28S rRNA gene sequences for two members of the genus Linguatula. Sequences of 28S rRNA were successfully obtained from well-identified samples of L.serrata (collected in Australia) and L.nuttalli (collected in South Africa), with voucher specimens. Phylogenetic analysis of the 28S rRNA region showed 6% difference between L.serrata and L.nuttalli, with low levels of intraspecific variation. In comparison, 18S rRNA and Cox1 sequences from the same specimens showed 0.23% and 13% interspecific differences, respectively. The results of this study show that 28S rRNA has greater genetic diversity to allow for improved differentiation between species of Linguatula than 18S rRNA but is on par with Cox1. Records that do not provide adequate morphological or molecular data to justify independent specific diagnoses must be regarded cautiously, and the need for continued research on species of Linguatula, using a combined morphological and molecular analysis, across a number of different hosts, development stages, geographical regions and molecular markers is highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shokoofeh Shamsi
- School of Agricultural, Environmental and Veterinary Sciences, Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, NSW, 2678, Australia
| | - Xiaocheng Zhu
- School of Agricultural, Environmental and Veterinary Sciences, Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, NSW, 2678, Australia.,Wagga Wagga Agricultural Institute, New South Wales Department of Primary Industries, Wagga Wagga, NSW, 2678, Australia
| | - Ali Halajian
- DSI-NRF SARChI Chair (Ecosystem Health), Department of Biodiversity, University of Limpopo, Sovenga, South Africa.,Research Administration and Development, University of Limpopo, Sovenga, South Africa
| | - Diane P Barton
- School of Agricultural, Environmental and Veterinary Sciences, Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, NSW, 2678, Australia.
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Sievänen M, Pohjoismäki J, Saari S, Miro G, Näreaho A. The first Linguatula serrata case in an imported dog in Finland. Vet Parasitol Reg Stud Reports 2021; 26:100654. [PMID: 34879964 DOI: 10.1016/j.vprsr.2021.100654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Revised: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Linguatula serrata is a pentastomid parasite infecting carnivores as definitive hosts and herbivores as intermediate hosts. In carnivores, including dogs, it usually parasitises the nasal cavity and sinuses, causing upper respiratory signs. This case report presents the first canine Linguatula case in Finland in an imported dog originating from Spain. In addition to the unremarkable clinical history of the dog, the treatment, parasite's morphology and molecular analysis are described, and the zoonotic potential is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malla Sievänen
- Lohja municipality, Tuorilantie 16, 03600 Karkkila, Finland
| | | | - Seppo Saari
- Veterinary histopathology laboratory Patovet, c/o Vita laboratoriot, Laivakatu 5 F, 00150 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Guadalupe Miro
- Animal Health Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidad Completense de Madrid, Avda. Puerta de Hierro, s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Anu Näreaho
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 66, 00014 Helsinki, Finland.
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Woodyard ET, Stilwell JM, Camus AC, Rosser TG. Molecular and Histopathological Data on Levisunguis subaequalis Curran, Overstreet, Collins & Benz, 2014 (Pentastomida: Eupentastomida: Porocephalida: Porocephaloidea: Sebekidae: Sebekinae) from Gambusia affinis in Alabama, USA. J Parasitol 2019. [PMID: 31742484 DOI: 10.1645/19-38] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Levisunguis subaequalis Curran, Overstreet, Collins & Benz, 2014 , was recently described from the lungs of the definitive hosts, softshell turtles, Apalone ferox (Schneider, 1783), and Apalone spinifera aspera (Agassiz, 1857) as well as the viscera of an intermediate host, the western mosquitofish, Gambusia affinis (Baird and Girard, 1853). However, the original account lacked molecular data. Furthermore, histological examination of infected host tissues in the original account of L. subaequalis did not reveal any pathological changes in the intermediate host. The present work provides a robust morphological description of the nymph and novel molecular data from the 18S and 28S ribosomal gene regions and the cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (COI) mitochondrial gene. Phylogenetic analyses using Bayesian inference and maximum likelihood analysis with concatenated sequence data from these 3 regions, as well as each region individually, placed the turtle pentastomid L. subaequalis as a sister clade to the crocodilian pentastomids of the genus Sebekia Sambon, 1922. While only concatenated phylogenetic analyses agreed with the currently accepted classification of the Eupentastomida and phylogenetic signal assessment indicated that the concatenated data set yielded the most phylogenetic signal, data from more taxa are still needed for robust phylogenetic inferences to be made. The intensity of infection ranged from 2 to 171 nymphs per fish, compared with the highest previously reported intensity of 6. These high-intensity infections with L. subaequalis were characterized by the nymphs occupying 5-50% of the coelomic cavity of G. affinis. However, despite this heavy parasite infection, fish exhibited minimal pathology. Observed pathology was characterized by compression or effacement of organs adjacent to the nymphs, particularly liver, swim bladder, and intestines, as well as the formation of granulomas around shed pentastomid cuticles. Nonetheless, the morphological and molecular data provided in the present work will bolster future efforts to identify this pentastomid in other hosts where pathology may be present in addition to aiding in the advancement of the field of molecular pentastomid systematics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ethan T Woodyard
- Department of Basic Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762
| | - Justin M Stilwell
- Department of Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602
| | - Alvin C Camus
- Department of Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602
| | - Thomas G Rosser
- Department of Basic Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762
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