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Mechetin GV, Zharkov DO. DNA Damage Response and Repair in Boron Neutron Capture Therapy. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:127. [PMID: 36672868 PMCID: PMC9859301 DOI: 10.3390/genes14010127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2022] [Revised: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) is an approach to the radiotherapy of solid tumors that was first outlined in the 1930s but has attracted considerable attention recently with the advent of a new generation of neutron sources. In BNCT, tumor cells accumulate 10B atoms that react with epithermal neutrons, producing energetic α particles and 7Li atoms that damage the cell's genome. The damage inflicted by BNCT appears not to be easily repairable and is thus lethal for the cell; however, the molecular events underlying the action of BNCT remain largely unaddressed. In this review, the chemistry of DNA damage during BNCT is outlined, the major mechanisms of DNA break sensing and repair are summarized, and the specifics of the repair of BNCT-induced DNA lesions are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grigory V. Mechetin
- Department of Natural Sciences, Novosibirsk State University, 2 Pirogova St., 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
- Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, 8 Lavrentieva Ave., 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Dmitry O. Zharkov
- Department of Natural Sciences, Novosibirsk State University, 2 Pirogova St., 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
- Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, 8 Lavrentieva Ave., 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
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2
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Bernardini GFP, Bortolussi S, Koivunoro H, Provenzano L, Ferrari C, Cansolino L, Postuma I, Carando DG, Kankaanranta L, Joensuu H, González SJ. Comparison of Photon Isoeffective Dose Models Based on In Vitro and In Vivo Radiobiological Experiments for Head and Neck Cancer Treated with BNCT. Radiat Res 2022; 198:134-144. [PMID: 35504003 DOI: 10.1667/rade-21-00234.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) is a treatment modality for cancer that involves radiations of different qualities. A formalism that proved suitable to compute doses in photon-equivalent units is the photon isoeffective dose model. This study addresses the question whether considering in vitro or in vivo radiobiological studies to determine the parameters involved in photon isoeffective dose calculations affects the consistency of the model predictions. The analysis is focused on head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC), a main target that proved to respond to BNCT. The photon isoeffective dose model for HNSCC with parameters from in vitro studies using the primary human cell line UT-SCC-16A was introduced and compared to the one previously reported with parameters from an in vivo oral cancer model in rodents. Both models were first compared in a simple scenario by means of tumor dose and control probability calculations. Then, the clinical impact of the different dose models was assessed from the analysis of a group of squamous cell carcinomas (SCC) patients treated with BNCT. Traditional dose calculations using the relative biological effectiveness factors derived from the SCC cell line were also analyzed. Predictions of tumor control from the evaluated models were compared to the patients' outcome. The quantification of the biological effectiveness of the different radiations revealed that relative biological effectiveness/compound biological effectiveness (RBE/CBE) factors for the SCC cell line are up to 20% higher than those assumed in clinical BNCT, highlighting the importance of using experimental data intimately linked to the tumor type to derive the model's parameters. The comparison of the different models showed that photon isoeffective doses based on in vitro data are generally greater than those from in vivo data (∼8-16% for total tumor absorbed doses of 10-15 Gy). However, the predictive power of the two models was not affected by these differences: both models fulfilled conditions to guarantee a good predictive performance and gave predictions statistically compatible with the clinical outcome. On the other hand, doses computed with the traditional model were substantially larger than those obtained with both photon isoeffective models. Moreover, the traditional model is statistically rejected, which reinforces the assertion that its inconsistencies are intrinsic and not due to the use of RBE/CBE factors obtained for a tumor type different from HN cancer. The results suggest that the nature of the radiobiological data would not affect the consistency of the photon isoeffective dose model in the studied cases of SCC head and neck cancer treated with BPA-based BNCT.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Silva Bortolussi
- Department of Physics, University of Pavia, Italy.,National Institute of Nuclear Physics (INFN), Unit of Pavia, Italy
| | - Hanna Koivunoro
- Neutron Therapeutics, Helsinki, Finland.,Department of Oncology, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | | | - Cinzia Ferrari
- National Institute of Nuclear Physics (INFN), Unit of Pavia, Italy.,Department of Clinic-Surgical Sciences, Experimental Surgery Laboratory, University of Pavia, Italy
| | - Laura Cansolino
- National Institute of Nuclear Physics (INFN), Unit of Pavia, Italy.,Department of Clinic-Surgical Sciences, Experimental Surgery Laboratory, University of Pavia, Italy
| | - Ian Postuma
- National Institute of Nuclear Physics (INFN), Unit of Pavia, Italy
| | - Daniel Germán Carando
- Depto. de Matemática, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA), Argentina.,Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Argentina
| | - Leena Kankaanranta
- Department of Oncology, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Heikki Joensuu
- Department of Oncology, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Sara Josefina González
- Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica (CNEA), Argentina.,Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Argentina
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Sato T, Hashimoto S, Inaniwa T, Takada K, Kumada H. Implementation of simplified stochastic microdosimetric kinetic models into PHITS for application to radiation treatment planning. Int J Radiat Biol 2021; 97:1450-1460. [PMID: 34328809 DOI: 10.1080/09553002.2021.1956003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The stochastic microdosimetric kinetic (SMK) model is one of the most sophisticated and precise models used in the estimation of the relative biological effectiveness of carbon-ion radiotherapy (CRT) and boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT). However, because of its complicated and time-consuming calculation procedures, it is nearly impractical to directly incorporate this model into a radiation treatment-planning system. MATERIALS AND METHODS Through the introduction of Taylor expansion (TE) or fast Fourier transform (FFT), we developed two simplified SMK models and implemented them into the Particle and Heavy Ion Transport code System (PHITS). To verify the implementation, we calculated the photon isoeffective doses in a cylindrical phantom placed in the radiation fields of passive CRT and accelerator-based BNCT. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Our calculation suggested that both TE-based and FFT-based SMK models can reproduce the data obtained from the original SMK model very well for absorbed doses approximately below 5 Gy, whereas the TE-based SMK model overestimates the original data at higher doses. In terms of computational efficiency, the TE-based SMK model is much faster than the FFT-based SMK model. CONCLUSION This study enables the instantaneous calculation of the photo isoeffective dose for CRT and BNCT, considering their cellular-scale dose heterogeneities. Treatment-planning systems that use the improved PHITS as a dose-calculation engine are under development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatsuhiko Sato
- Nuclear Science and Engineering Center, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, Tokai, Japan.,Research Center for Nuclear Physics, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Shintaro Hashimoto
- Nuclear Science and Engineering Center, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, Tokai, Japan
| | - Taku Inaniwa
- Department of Accelerator and Medical Physics, National Institute of Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Chiba, Japan
| | - Kenta Takada
- Graduate School of Radiological Technology, Gunma Prefectural College of Health Sciences, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Kumada
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
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Darvish-Molla S, Prestwich WV, Byun SH. Development of an advanced two-dimensional microdosimetric detector based on THick Gas Electron Multipliers. Med Phys 2018; 45:1241-1254. [DOI: 10.1002/mp.12750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2017] [Revised: 10/24/2017] [Accepted: 12/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Sahar Darvish-Molla
- Department of Physics and Astronomy (Medical Physics); McMaster University; Hamilton ON Canada
- Radiation Sciences Graduate program; McMaster University; Hamilton ON Canada
| | - William V. Prestwich
- Department of Physics and Astronomy (Medical Physics); McMaster University; Hamilton ON Canada
- Radiation Sciences Graduate program; McMaster University; Hamilton ON Canada
| | - Soo Hyun Byun
- Department of Physics and Astronomy (Medical Physics); McMaster University; Hamilton ON Canada
- Radiation Sciences Graduate program; McMaster University; Hamilton ON Canada
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Sato T, Masunaga SI, Kumada H, Hamada N. Microdosimetric Modeling of Biological Effectiveness for Boron Neutron Capture Therapy Considering Intra- and Intercellular Heterogeneity in 10B Distribution. Sci Rep 2018; 8:988. [PMID: 29343841 PMCID: PMC5772701 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-18871-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2017] [Accepted: 12/19/2017] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
We here propose a new model for estimating the biological effectiveness for boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) considering intra- and intercellular heterogeneity in 10B distribution. The new model was developed from our previously established stochastic microdosimetric kinetic model that determines the surviving fraction of cells irradiated with any radiations. In the model, the probability density of the absorbed doses in microscopic scales is the fundamental physical index for characterizing the radiation fields. A new computational method was established to determine the probability density for application to BNCT using the Particle and Heavy Ion Transport code System PHITS. The parameters used in the model were determined from the measured surviving fraction of tumor cells administrated with two kinds of 10B compounds. The model quantitatively highlighted the indispensable need to consider the synergetic effect and the dose dependence of the biological effectiveness in the estimate of the therapeutic effect of BNCT. The model can predict the biological effectiveness of newly developed 10B compounds based on their intra- and intercellular distributions, and thus, it can play important roles not only in treatment planning but also in drug discovery research for future BNCT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatsuhiko Sato
- Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA), Nuclear Science and Engineering Center, Research Group for Radiation Transport Analysis, 2-4 Shirakata, Tokai, Ibaraki, 319-1195, Japan.
| | - Shin-Ichiro Masunaga
- Particle Radiation Biology, Department of Radiation Life and Medical Science, Research Reactor Institute, Kyoto University, 2-1010 Asashiro-nishi, Kumatori, Sennan, Osaka, 590-0494, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Kumada
- Proton Medical Research Center, University of Tsukuba, 2-1-1 Amakubo, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8576, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Hamada
- Radiation Safety Research Center, Nuclear Technology Research Laboratory, Central Research Institute of Electric Power Industry (CRIEPI), 2-11-1 Iwado-kita, Komae, Tokyo, 201-8511, Japan
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6
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Santa Cruz GA. Microdosimetry: Principles and applications. Rep Pract Oncol Radiother 2016; 21:135-9. [PMID: 26933397 PMCID: PMC4747668 DOI: 10.1016/j.rpor.2014.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2014] [Revised: 07/16/2014] [Accepted: 10/10/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM to present the most important aspects of Microdosimetry, a research field in radiation biophysics. BACKGROUND microdosimetry is the branch of radiation biophysics that systematically studies the spatial, temporal and spectral aspects of the stochastic nature of the energy deposition processes in microscopic structures. MATERIALS AND METHODS we briefly review its history, the people, the formalism and the theories and devices that allowed researchers to begin to understand the true nature of radiation action on living matter. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS we outline some of its applications, especially to Boron Neutron Capture Therapy, attempting to explain the biological effectiveness of the boron thermal neutron capture reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gustavo A. Santa Cruz
- Departamento Coordinación BNCT, Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica (CNEA), Argentina
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Horiguchi H, Sato T, Kumada H, Yamamoto T, Sakae T. Estimation of relative biological effectiveness for boron neutron capture therapy using the PHITS code coupled with a microdosimetric kinetic model. JOURNAL OF RADIATION RESEARCH 2015; 56:382-90. [PMID: 25428243 PMCID: PMC4380055 DOI: 10.1093/jrr/rru109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2014] [Revised: 10/21/2014] [Accepted: 10/24/2014] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
The absorbed doses deposited by boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) can be categorized into four components: α and (7)Li particles from the (10)B(n, α)(7)Li reaction, 0.54-MeV protons from the (14)N(n, p)(14)C reaction, the recoiled protons from the (1)H(n, n) (1)H reaction, and photons from the neutron beam and (1)H(n, γ)(2)H reaction. For evaluating the irradiation effect in tumors and the surrounding normal tissues in BNCT, it is of great importance to estimate the relative biological effectiveness (RBE) for each dose component in the same framework. We have, therefore, established a new method for estimating the RBE of all BNCT dose components on the basis of the microdosimetric kinetic model. This method employs the probability density of lineal energy, y, in a subcellular structure as the index for expressing RBE, which can be calculated using the microdosimetric function implemented in the particle transport simulation code (PHITS). The accuracy of this method was tested by comparing the calculated RBE values with corresponding measured data in a water phantom irradiated with an epithermal neutron beam. The calculation technique developed in this study will be useful for biological dose estimation in treatment planning for BNCT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hironori Horiguchi
- Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan
| | - Tatsuhiko Sato
- Nuclear Science and Engineering Directorate, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, 2-4, Shirakata-shirane, Tokai, Ibaraki 319-1195, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Kumada
- Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan Proton Medical Research Center, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Yamamoto
- Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan
| | - Takeji Sakae
- Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan Proton Medical Research Center, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan
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8
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Therapeutic efficacy of boron neutron capture therapy mediated by boron-rich liposomes for oral cancer in the hamster cheek pouch model. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2014; 111:16077-81. [PMID: 25349432 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1410865111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The application of boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) mediated by liposomes containing (10)B-enriched polyhedral borane and carborane derivatives for the treatment of head and neck cancer in the hamster cheek pouch oral cancer model is presented. These liposomes are composed of an equimolar ratio of cholesterol and 1,2-distearoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine, incorporating K[nido-7-CH3(CH2)15-7,8-C2B9H11] (MAC) in the bilayer membrane while encapsulating the hydrophilic species Na3[ae-B20H17NH3] (TAC) in the aqueous core. Unilamellar liposomes with a mean diameter of 83 nm were administered i.v. in hamsters. After 48 h, the boron concentration in tumors was 67 ± 16 ppm whereas the precancerous tissue contained 11 ± 6 ppm, and the tumor/normal pouch tissue boron concentration ratio was 10:1. Neutron irradiation giving a 5-Gy dose to precancerous tissue (corresponding to 21 Gy in tumor) resulted in an overall tumor response (OR) of 70% after a 4-wk posttreatment period. In contrast, the beam-only protocol gave an OR rate of only 28%. Once-repeated BNCT treatment with readministration of liposomes at an interval of 4, 6, or 8 wk resulted in OR rates of 70-88%, of which the complete response ranged from 37% to 52%. Because of the good therapeutic outcome, it was possible to extend the follow-up of BNCT treatment groups to 16 wk after the first treatment. No radiotoxicity to normal tissue was observed. A salient advantage of these liposomes was that only mild mucositis was observed in dose-limiting precancerous tissue with a sustained tumor response of 70-88%.
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9
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Rossini AE, Dagrosa MA, Portu A, Saint Martin G, Thorp S, Casal M, Navarro A, Juvenal GJ, Pisarev MA. Assessment of biological effectiveness of boron neutron capture therapy in primary and metastatic melanoma cell lines. Int J Radiat Biol 2014; 91:81-9. [DOI: 10.3109/09553002.2014.942013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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10
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Garabalino MA, Heber EM, Monti Hughes A, Pozzi ECC, Molinari AJ, Nigg DW, Bauer W, Trivillin VA, Schwint AE. Boron biodistribution for BNCT in the hamster cheek pouch oral cancer model: combined administration of BSH and BPA. Appl Radiat Isot 2013; 88:64-8. [PMID: 24360859 DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2013.11.118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2012] [Revised: 11/27/2013] [Accepted: 11/28/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Sodium mercaptoundecahydro-closo-dodecaborate (BSH) is being investigated clinically for BNCT. We examined the biodistribution of BSH and BPA administered jointly in different proportions in the hamster cheek pouch oral cancer model. The 3 assayed protocols were non-toxic, and showed preferential tumor boron uptake versus precancerous and normal tissue and therapeutic tumor boron concentration values (70-85ppm). All 3 protocols warrant assessment in BNCT studies to contribute to the knowledge of (BSH+BPA)-BNCT radiobiology for head and neck cancer and optimize therapeutic efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Verónica A Trivillin
- National Atomic Energy Commission (CNEA), Argentina; National Research Council (CONICET), Argentina
| | - Amanda E Schwint
- National Atomic Energy Commission (CNEA), Argentina; National Research Council (CONICET), Argentina.
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González SJ, Cruz GAS. The Photon-Isoeffective Dose in Boron Neutron Capture Therapy. Radiat Res 2012; 178:609-21. [DOI: 10.1667/rr2944.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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12
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Heber EM, Kueffer PJ, Lee MW, Hawthorne MF, Garabalino MA, Molinari AJ, Nigg DW, Bauer W, Hughes AM, Pozzi ECC, Trivillin VA, Schwint AE. Boron delivery with liposomes for boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT): biodistribution studies in an experimental model of oral cancer demonstrating therapeutic potential. RADIATION AND ENVIRONMENTAL BIOPHYSICS 2012; 51:195-204. [PMID: 22271404 DOI: 10.1007/s00411-011-0399-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2011] [Accepted: 12/27/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) combines selective accumulation of (10)B carriers in tumor tissue with subsequent neutron irradiation. We previously demonstrated the therapeutic efficacy of BNCT in the hamster cheek pouch oral cancer model. Optimization of BNCT depends largely on improving boron targeting to tumor cells. Seeking to maximize the potential of BNCT for the treatment for head and neck cancer, the aim of the present study was to perform boron biodistribution studies in the oral cancer model employing two different liposome formulations that were previously tested for a different pathology, i.e., in experimental mammary carcinoma in BALB/c mice: (1) MAC: liposomes incorporating K[nido-7-CH(3)(CH(2))(15)-7,8-C(2)B(9)H(11)] in the bilayer membrane and encapsulating a hypertonic buffer, administered intravenously at 6 mg B per kg body weight, and (2) MAC-TAC: liposomes incorporating K[nido-7-CH(3)(CH(2))(15)-7,8-C(2)B(9)H(11)] in the bilayer membrane and encapsulating a concentrated aqueous solution of the hydrophilic species Na(3) [ae-B(20)H(17)NH(3)], administered intravenously at 18 mg B per kg body weight. Samples of tumor, precancerous and normal pouch tissue, spleen, liver, kidney, and blood were taken at different times post-administration and processed to measure boron content by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. No ostensible clinical toxic effects were observed with the selected formulations. Both MAC and MAC-TAC delivered boron selectively to tumor tissue. Absolute tumor values for MAC-TAC peaked to 66.6 ± 16.1 ppm at 48 h and to 43.9 ± 17.6 ppm at 54 h with very favorable ratios of tumor boron relative to precancerous and normal tissue, making these protocols particularly worthy of radiobiological assessment. Boron concentration values obtained would result in therapeutic BNCT doses in tumor without exceeding radiotolerance in precancerous/normal tissue at the thermal neutron facility at RA-3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa M Heber
- Department of Radiobiology, National Atomic Energy Commission, San Martin, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Dagrosa MA, Crivello M, Perona M, Thorp S, Santa Cruz GA, Pozzi E, Casal M, Thomasz L, Cabrini R, Kahl S, Juvenal GJ, Pisarev MA. First evaluation of the biologic effectiveness factors of boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) in a human colon carcinoma cell line. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2011; 79:262-8. [PMID: 20932650 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2010.07.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2010] [Revised: 06/27/2010] [Accepted: 07/07/2010] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE DNA lesions produced by boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) and those produced by gamma radiation in a colon carcinoma cell line were analyzed. We have also derived the relative biologic effectiveness factor (RBE) of the neutron beam of the RA-3- Argentine nuclear reactor, and the compound biologic effectiveness (CBE) values for p-boronophenylalanine ((10)BPA) and for 2,4-bis (α,β-dihydroxyethyl)-deutero-porphyrin IX ((10)BOPP). METHODS AND MATERIALS Exponentially growing human colon carcinoma cells (ARO81-1) were distributed into the following groups: (1) BPA (10 ppm (10)B) + neutrons, (2) BOPP (10 ppm (10)B) + neutrons, (3) neutrons alone, and (4) gamma rays ((60)Co source at 1 Gy/min dose-rate). Different irradiation times were used to obtain total absorbed doses between 0.3 and 5 Gy (±10%) (thermal neutrons flux = 7.5 10(9) n/cm(2) sec). RESULTS The frequency of micronucleated binucleated cells and the number of micronuclei per micronucleated binucleated cells showed a dose-dependent increase until approximately 2 Gy. The response to gamma rays was significantly lower than the response to the other treatments (p < 0.05). The irradiations with neutrons alone and neutrons + BOPP showed curves that did not differ significantly from, and showed less DNA damage than, irradiation with neutrons + BPA. A decrease in the surviving fraction measured by 3-(4,5-dimetiltiazol-2-il)-2,5-difeniltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay as a function of the absorbed dose was observed for all the treatments. The RBE and CBE factors calculated from cytokinesis block micronucleus (CBMN) and MTT assays were, respectively, the following: beam RBE: 4.4 ± 1.1 and 2.4 ± 0.6; CBE for BOPP: 8.0 ± 2.2 and 2.0 ± 1; CBE for BPA: 19.6 ± 3.7 and 3.5 ± 1.3. CONCLUSIONS BNCT and gamma irradiations showed different genotoxic patterns. To our knowledge, these values represent the first experimental ones obtained for the RA-3 in a biologic model and could be useful for future experimental studies for the application of BNCT to colon carcinoma.
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Marrale M, Brai M, Gennaro G, Bartolotta A, D'Oca MC. The Effect of Gadolinium on the ESR Response of Alanine and Ammonium Tartrate Exposed to Thermal Neutrons. Radiat Res 2008; 169:232-9. [DOI: 10.1667/rr1138.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2007] [Accepted: 09/17/2007] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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15
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Barth RF, Coderre JA, Vicente MGH, Blue TE. Boron neutron capture therapy of cancer: current status and future prospects. Clin Cancer Res 2005; 11:3987-4002. [PMID: 15930333 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-05-0035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 655] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) is based on the nuclear reaction that occurs when boron-10 is irradiated with low-energy thermal neutrons to yield high linear energy transfer alpha particles and recoiling lithium-7 nuclei. Clinical interest in BNCT has focused primarily on the treatment of high-grade gliomas and either cutaneous primaries or cerebral metastases of melanoma, most recently, head and neck and liver cancer. Neutron sources for BNCT currently are limited to nuclear reactors and these are available in the United States, Japan, several European countries, and Argentina. Accelerators also can be used to produce epithermal neutrons and these are being developed in several countries, but none are currently being used for BNCT. BORON DELIVERY AGENTS Two boron drugs have been used clinically, sodium borocaptate (Na(2)B(12)H(11)SH) and a dihydroxyboryl derivative of phenylalanine called boronophenylalanine. The major challenge in the development of boron delivery agents has been the requirement for selective tumor targeting to achieve boron concentrations ( approximately 20 microg/g tumor) sufficient to deliver therapeutic doses of radiation to the tumor with minimal normal tissue toxicity. Over the past 20 years, other classes of boron-containing compounds have been designed and synthesized that include boron-containing amino acids, biochemical precursors of nucleic acids, DNA-binding molecules, and porphyrin derivatives. High molecular weight delivery agents include monoclonal antibodies and their fragments, which can recognize a tumor-associated epitope, such as epidermal growth factor, and liposomes. However, it is unlikely that any single agent will target all or even most of the tumor cells, and most likely, combinations of agents will be required and their delivery will have to be optimized. CLINICAL TRIALS Current or recently completed clinical trials have been carried out in Japan, Europe, and the United States. The vast majority of patients have had high-grade gliomas. Treatment has consisted first of "debulking" surgery to remove as much of the tumor as possible, followed by BNCT at varying times after surgery. Sodium borocaptate and boronophenylalanine administered i.v. have been used as the boron delivery agents. The best survival data from these studies are at least comparable with those obtained by current standard therapy for glioblastoma multiforme, and the safety of the procedure has been established. CONCLUSIONS Critical issues that must be addressed include the need for more selective and effective boron delivery agents, the development of methods to provide semiquantitative estimates of tumor boron content before treatment, improvements in clinical implementation of BNCT, and a need for randomized clinical trials with an unequivocal demonstration of therapeutic efficacy. If these issues are adequately addressed, then BNCT could move forward as a treatment modality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rolf F Barth
- Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA.
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