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Acera A, Gómez-Esteban JC, Murueta-Goyena A, Galdos M, Azkargorta M, Elortza F, Ruzafa N, Ibarrondo O, Pereiro X, Vecino E. Potential Tear Biomarkers for the Diagnosis of Parkinson’s Disease—A Pilot Study. Proteomes 2022; 10:proteomes10010004. [PMID: 35076620 PMCID: PMC8788479 DOI: 10.3390/proteomes10010004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2021] [Revised: 01/09/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disease after Alzheimer’s disease. In this study, the tear proteome profile of patients with idiopathic PD (iPD, n = 24), carriers of the E46K-SNCA mutation (n = 3) and healthy control (CT, n = 27) subjects was analyzed to identify candidate biomarkers for the diagnosis of PD. An observational, prospective and case-control pilot study was carried out, analyzing the participants tear samples by nano-liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (nLC–MS/MS) and assessing their neurological impairment. The proteomic data obtained are available at ProteomeXchange with identifier 10.6019/PXD028811. These analyses led to the identification of 560 tear proteins, some of which were deregulated in PD patients and that have been implicated in immune responses, inflammation, apoptosis, collagen degradation, protein synthesis, defense, lipid transport and altered lysosomal function. Of these proteins, six were related to neurodegenerative processes and showed a good capacity to classify patients and controls. These findings revealed that certain proteins were upregulated in the tears of PD patients, mainly proteins involved in lysosomal function. Thus, in this study, tear proteins were identified that are implicated in neurodegeneration and that may be related to an aggressive disease phenotype in PD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arantxa Acera
- Experimental Ophthalmo-Biology Group, Department of Cell Biology and Histology, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, 48940 Leioa, Spain; (A.A.); (N.R.); (X.P.)
- Department of Neuroscience, Biodonostia Health Research Institute, 20014 Donostia-San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Juan Carlos Gómez-Esteban
- Department of Neurology, Cruces University Hospital, 48903 Barakaldo, Spain;
- Neurodegenerative Diseases Group, BioCruces Health Research Institute, 48903 Barakaldo, Spain;
- Department of Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine and Nursery, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, 48940 Leioa, Spain
| | - Ane Murueta-Goyena
- Neurodegenerative Diseases Group, BioCruces Health Research Institute, 48903 Barakaldo, Spain;
- Department of Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine and Nursery, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, 48940 Leioa, Spain
| | - Marta Galdos
- Begiker-Ophthalmology Research Group, BioCruces Health Research Institute, 48903 Barakaldo, Spain;
| | - Mikel Azkargorta
- Department of Proteomics, Center for Cooperative Research in Biosciences, 48160 Derio, Spain; (M.A.); (F.E.)
| | - Felix Elortza
- Department of Proteomics, Center for Cooperative Research in Biosciences, 48160 Derio, Spain; (M.A.); (F.E.)
| | - Noelia Ruzafa
- Experimental Ophthalmo-Biology Group, Department of Cell Biology and Histology, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, 48940 Leioa, Spain; (A.A.); (N.R.); (X.P.)
- Begiker-Ophthalmology Research Group, BioCruces Health Research Institute, 48903 Barakaldo, Spain;
| | | | - Xandra Pereiro
- Experimental Ophthalmo-Biology Group, Department of Cell Biology and Histology, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, 48940 Leioa, Spain; (A.A.); (N.R.); (X.P.)
- Begiker-Ophthalmology Research Group, BioCruces Health Research Institute, 48903 Barakaldo, Spain;
| | - Elena Vecino
- Experimental Ophthalmo-Biology Group, Department of Cell Biology and Histology, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, 48940 Leioa, Spain; (A.A.); (N.R.); (X.P.)
- Begiker-Ophthalmology Research Group, BioCruces Health Research Institute, 48903 Barakaldo, Spain;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-94-601-2820
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Litvinenko IV, Dynin PS, Trufanov AG, Gimadutdinov RF, Maltsev DS. [Eye as an object of investigation of cognitive impairment in Parkinson's disease]. Zh Nevrol Psikhiatr Im S S Korsakova 2018; 118:105-114. [PMID: 30346443 DOI: 10.17116/jnevro2018118062105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
AIM To study visual and spatial disorders in Parkinson's disease (PD). MATERIAL AND METHODS One hundred and eighteen patients with PD and 30 healthy people (the control group) were studied. All participants underwent neurological and ophthalmological examinations. PD progression was assessed using The Hoehn and Yahr scale. MMSE, FAB and other psychological tests were administered. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) and MRI of the brain were performed. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION The relationship of the variation in the thickness of various parts of the retina and brain cortex with cognitive deficit that manifests itself as visual-spatial disturbances is shown. The complex diagnostic technique, including neuropsychological and instrumental method (OCT of the retina, MRI of the brain with MRI-morphometry), should be used.
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Affiliation(s)
- I V Litvinenko
- S.M. Kirov Saint-Petersburg Military Medical Academy, St-Petersburg, Russia
| | - P S Dynin
- S.M. Kirov Saint-Petersburg Military Medical Academy, St-Petersburg, Russia
| | - A G Trufanov
- S.M. Kirov Saint-Petersburg Military Medical Academy, St-Petersburg, Russia
| | - R F Gimadutdinov
- S.M. Kirov Saint-Petersburg Military Medical Academy, St-Petersburg, Russia
| | - D S Maltsev
- S.M. Kirov Saint-Petersburg Military Medical Academy, St-Petersburg, Russia
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