[The association of hemostasis system genes with the development of ischemic stroke in patients under the age of 50 years]

[An overview of risk factors for stroke]

Stroke is a heterogeneous syndrome, and the definition of risk factors, treatment and prevention tactics depends on the specific pathogenesis of the disease. Risk factors for ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke are similar, but at the same time there are significant differences. The concept of stroke triggers is discussed separately. In addition, a deep understanding of the pathogenetic mechanisms and the development of new strategies for therapy and prevention require an understanding of the genetic mechanisms of stroke risk. Genetic factors may be more modifiable than previously thought. To reduce the burden of stroke in the population, timely identification and management of modifiable risk factors is essential.

[Genetic characteristics of stroke]

In the recent years there is a growing interest in identification of additional genetic factors of stroke. A growing body of evidence supports the role of genetic factors in determining the risk of both hemorrhagic and ischemic stroke. The article considers the main genes associated with susceptibility to stroke and genetic polymorphisms associated with the disease. Genetic factors, modulating inflammation process, coagulation, lipid metabolism, NO formation, renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system and homeostasis play a significant role in stroke development. A comprehensive analysis of different genes associated with stroke may help to detect individuals with extremely high risk of stroke and implement timely preventive measures to decrease stroke burden.