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Mackin RS, Rhodes E, Kassel M, Kryza-Lacombe M, Burns E, Bickford D, Morin R, Tosun D, Landau S, Butters MA, Aisen P, Raman R, Saykin AJ, Toga A, Koeppe R, Jack C, Weiner MW, Nelson C, Insel PS. Cortico-limbic volume abnormalities in late life depression are distinct from β amyloid and white matter pathologies. Mol Psychiatry 2025; 30:1267-1276. [PMID: 39511448 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-024-02677-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 05/31/2024] [Accepted: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 11/15/2024]
Abstract
This study was conducted to clarify patterns of cortico-limbic volume abnormalities in late life depression (LLD) relative to non-depressed (ND) adults matched for amyloid β (Aβ) deposition and to evaluate the relationship of volume abnormalities with cognitive performance. Participants included 116 LLD and 226 ND. Classification accuracy of LLD status was estimated using area under the receiver operator characteristic curve. Twenty-one percent of LLD and ND participants were Aβ positive and the groups did not differ on white matter hyperintensity volume (WMH (logscale); β = 0.12, p = 0.28). Compared to ND, the LLD group exhibited significantly lower bilateral volume in the lateral orbitofrontal cortex, hippocampus, accumbens area, superior temporal lobe, temporal pole, and amygdala after multiple comparison correction (p < 0.009 for all). Cortico-limbic volumes significantly improved classification of LLD beyond demographic characteristics, Aβ status, and WMH (AUCVol = 0.71, AUCWMH, Aβ = 0.62, AUC difference, 0.09 [0.03 to 0.15]). LLD exhibited poorer performance on measures of global cognition, set shifting, and verbal learning and memory relative to ND. Cognitive function was positively associated with cortico-limbic volumes and these relationships did not differ by group. Secondary analyses with an ND sample additionally matched for Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) diagnosis showed a similar but attenuated pattern of volume abnormalities. Overall, our results support LLD as being associated with cortico-limbic volume abnormalities that are distinct from Aβ and white matter pathologies and that these volume abnormalities are important factors associated with cognitive dysfunction in LLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Scott Mackin
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA.
- Veterans Administration Medical Center, San Francisco, CA, USA.
| | - Emma Rhodes
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Mental Illness Research Education and Clinical Centers, Veterans Administration Medical Center, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Michelle Kassel
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Mental Illness Research Education and Clinical Centers, Veterans Administration Medical Center, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Maria Kryza-Lacombe
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Mental Illness Research Education and Clinical Centers, Veterans Administration Medical Center, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Emily Burns
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - David Bickford
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Ruth Morin
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Mental Illness Research Education and Clinical Centers, Veterans Administration Medical Center, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Duygu Tosun
- Veterans Administration Medical Center, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Radiology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Susan Landau
- Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Meryl A Butters
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Paul Aisen
- University of Southern California, San Diego, CA, USA
- Alzheimer's Therapeutic Research Institute, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Rema Raman
- University of Southern California, San Diego, CA, USA
- Alzheimer's Therapeutic Research Institute, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Andrew J Saykin
- Indiana Alzheimer's Disease Research Center and the Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Arthur Toga
- Laboratory of Neuro Imaging, Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Robert Koeppe
- Department of Radiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | | | - Michael W Weiner
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Veterans Administration Medical Center, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Radiology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Craig Nelson
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Philip S Insel
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
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Arleo A, Bareš M, Bernard JA, Bogoian HR, Bruchhage MMK, Bryant P, Carlson ES, Chan CCH, Chen LK, Chung CP, Dotson VM, Filip P, Guell X, Habas C, Jacobs HIL, Kakei S, Lee TMC, Leggio M, Misiura M, Mitoma H, Olivito G, Ramanoël S, Rezaee Z, Samstag CL, Schmahmann JD, Sekiyama K, Wong CHY, Yamashita M, Manto M. Consensus Paper: Cerebellum and Ageing. CEREBELLUM (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2024; 23:802-832. [PMID: 37428408 PMCID: PMC10776824 DOI: 10.1007/s12311-023-01577-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
Given the key roles of the cerebellum in motor, cognitive, and affective operations and given the decline of brain functions with aging, cerebellar circuitry is attracting the attention of the scientific community. The cerebellum plays a key role in timing aspects of both motor and cognitive operations, including for complex tasks such as spatial navigation. Anatomically, the cerebellum is connected with the basal ganglia via disynaptic loops, and it receives inputs from nearly every region in the cerebral cortex. The current leading hypothesis is that the cerebellum builds internal models and facilitates automatic behaviors through multiple interactions with the cerebral cortex, basal ganglia and spinal cord. The cerebellum undergoes structural and functional changes with aging, being involved in mobility frailty and related cognitive impairment as observed in the physio-cognitive decline syndrome (PCDS) affecting older, functionally-preserved adults who show slowness and/or weakness. Reductions in cerebellar volume accompany aging and are at least correlated with cognitive decline. There is a strongly negative correlation between cerebellar volume and age in cross-sectional studies, often mirrored by a reduced performance in motor tasks. Still, predictive motor timing scores remain stable over various age groups despite marked cerebellar atrophy. The cerebello-frontal network could play a significant role in processing speed and impaired cerebellar function due to aging might be compensated by increasing frontal activity to optimize processing speed in the elderly. For cognitive operations, decreased functional connectivity of the default mode network (DMN) is correlated with lower performances. Neuroimaging studies highlight that the cerebellum might be involved in the cognitive decline occurring in Alzheimer's disease (AD), independently of contributions of the cerebral cortex. Grey matter volume loss in AD is distinct from that seen in normal aging, occurring initially in cerebellar posterior lobe regions, and is associated with neuronal, synaptic and beta-amyloid neuropathology. Regarding depression, structural imaging studies have identified a relationship between depressive symptoms and cerebellar gray matter volume. In particular, major depressive disorder (MDD) and higher depressive symptom burden are associated with smaller gray matter volumes in the total cerebellum as well as the posterior cerebellum, vermis, and posterior Crus I. From the genetic/epigenetic standpoint, prominent DNA methylation changes in the cerebellum with aging are both in the form of hypo- and hyper-methylation, and the presumably increased/decreased expression of certain genes might impact on motor coordination. Training influences motor skills and lifelong practice might contribute to structural maintenance of the cerebellum in old age, reducing loss of grey matter volume and therefore contributing to the maintenance of cerebellar reserve. Non-invasive cerebellar stimulation techniques are increasingly being applied to enhance cerebellar functions related to motor, cognitive, and affective operations. They might enhance cerebellar reserve in the elderly. In conclusion, macroscopic and microscopic changes occur in the cerebellum during the lifespan, with changes in structural and functional connectivity with both the cerebral cortex and basal ganglia. With the aging of the population and the impact of aging on quality of life, the panel of experts considers that there is a huge need to clarify how the effects of aging on the cerebellar circuitry modify specific motor, cognitive, and affective operations both in normal subjects and in brain disorders such as AD or MDD, with the goal of preventing symptoms or improving the motor, cognitive, and affective symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelo Arleo
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, CNRS, Institut de la Vision, 17 rue Moreau, F-75012, Paris, France
| | - Martin Bareš
- First Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University and St. Anne's Teaching Hospital, Brno, Czech Republic
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, USA
| | - Jessica A Bernard
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Texas A&M University, 4235 TAMU, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
- Texas A&M Institute for Neuroscience, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Hannah R Bogoian
- Department of Psychology, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Muriel M K Bruchhage
- Department of Psychology, Stavanger University, Institute of Social Sciences, Kjell Arholms Gate 41, 4021, Stavanger, Norway
- King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, Centre for Neuroimaging Sciences, Box 89, De Crespigny Park, London, PO, SE5 8AF, UK
- Rhode Island Hospital, Department for Diagnostic Imaging, 1 Hoppin St, Providence, RI, 02903, USA
- Department of Paediatrics, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, 222 Richmond St, Providence, RI, 02903, USA
| | - Patrick Bryant
- Freie Universität Berlin, Fachbereich Mathematik und Informatik, Arnimallee 12, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Erik S Carlson
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Geriatric Research, Education and Clinical Center, Veteran's Affairs Medical Center, Puget Sound, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Chetwyn C H Chan
- Department of Psychology, The Education University of Hong Kong, New Territories, Tai Po, Hong Kong, China
| | - Liang-Kung Chen
- Center for Healthy Longevity and Aging Sciences, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
- Center for Geriatric and Gerontology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Taipei Municipal Gan-Dau Hospital (managed by Taipei Veterans General Hospital), Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Ping Chung
- Center for Healthy Longevity and Aging Sciences, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Neurology, Neurological Institute, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Vonetta M Dotson
- Department of Psychology, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Gerontology Institute, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Pavel Filip
- Department of Neurology, Charles University, First Faculty of Medicine and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic
- Center for Magnetic Resonance Research (CMRR), University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Xavier Guell
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Laboratory for Neuroanatomy and Cerebellar Neurobiology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Christophe Habas
- CHNO Des Quinze-Vingts, INSERM-DGOS CIC 1423, 28 rue de Charenton, 75012, Paris, France
- Université Versailles St Quentin en Yvelines, Paris, France
| | - Heidi I L Jacobs
- School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Alzheimer Centre Limburg, Maastricht University, PO BOX 616, 6200, MD, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Faculty of Psychology and Neuroscience, Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Maastricht University, PO BOX 616, 6200, MD, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Gordon Center for Medical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Tatia M C Lee
- State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Laboratory of Neuropsychology and Human Neuroscience, Department of Psychology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Maria Leggio
- Department of Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
- Ataxia Laboratory, I.R.C.C.S. Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Misiura
- Department of Psychology, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Hiroshi Mitoma
- Department of Medical Education, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Giusy Olivito
- Department of Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
- Ataxia Laboratory, I.R.C.C.S. Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy
| | - Stephen Ramanoël
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, CNRS, Institut de la Vision, 17 rue Moreau, F-75012, Paris, France
- Université Côte d'Azur, LAMHESS, Nice, France
| | - Zeynab Rezaee
- Noninvasive Neuromodulation Unit, Experimental Therapeutics & Pathophysiology Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, NIH, Bethesda, USA
| | - Colby L Samstag
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Geriatric Research, Education and Clinical Center, Veteran's Affairs Medical Center, Puget Sound, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Jeremy D Schmahmann
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Laboratory for Neuroanatomy and Cerebellar Neurobiology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Ataxia Center, Cognitive Behavioural neurology Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kaoru Sekiyama
- Graduate School of Advanced Integrated Studies in Human Survivability, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Clive H Y Wong
- Department of Psychology, The Education University of Hong Kong, New Territories, Tai Po, Hong Kong, China
| | - Masatoshi Yamashita
- Research Center for Child Mental Development, University of Fukui, Fukui, Japan
- United Graduate School of Child Development, Osaka University, Kanazawa University, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Chiba University and University of Fukui, Osaka, Japan
| | - Mario Manto
- Service de Neurologie, Médiathèque Jean Jacquy, CHU-Charleroi, Charleroi, Belgium.
- Service des Neurosciences, University of Mons, Mons, Belgium.
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Meng Y, Li H, Wang J, Xu Y, Wang B. Cognitive behavioral therapy for patients with mild to moderate depression: Treatment effects and neural mechanisms. J Psychiatr Res 2021; 136:288-295. [PMID: 33631654 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2021.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Revised: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we combined clinical assessment and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) techniques to investigate the brain mechanisms in mild to moderate depression (MMD) patients following cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT). Data were collected from 30 MMD patients and 18 healthy controls, and we divided patients into two treatment periods (4 weeks, 8 weeks). Clinical assessment indicated that depression characteristics, as quantified by Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD), were significantly higher in MMD patients than in healthy controls. At the baseline, MRI data revealed abnormalities in the hippocampus and nucleus accumbens (NAc) of patients with MMD, e.g., smaller gray matter volumes of the hippocampus and nucleus accumbens (NAc), as well as weaker functional connectivity between NAc and the posterior cingulate cortex/precuneus. Moreover, the hippocampus and NAc volumes were negatively correlated with the HAMD scores in MMD patients. After CBT intervention, the HAMD scores decreased, and the structural and functional characteristics of NAc in MMD patients obtained at 8-week were improved; e.g., no significant differences in NAc volume or NAc-based functional connectivity between the two groups. Taken together, our results provided evidence suggesting that CBT is an effective treatment for MMD patients. Alterations of gray matter volume and resting-state functional connectivity after 8 weeks of CBT indicated a potential modulation mechanism in brain structural modifications and functional connectivity plasticity within the NAc in MMD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanjun Meng
- Nursing College, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China; Nursing College, Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Taiyuan, China
| | - Hong Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Behavioral Science, Institute of Psychology, Beijing, China; Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; Department of Psychiatry, First Hospital/First Clinical Medical College of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Junjie Wang
- Department of Psychiatry, First Hospital/First Clinical Medical College of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Yong Xu
- Department of Psychiatry, First Hospital/First Clinical Medical College of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Binquan Wang
- Nursing College, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China; Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China.
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