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Kurysheva NI, Pererva OA, Nikitina AD. Eye damage in COVID-19. Part 1: Involvement of the eye in SARS-CoV-2 virus transmission and anterior segment complications. RUSSIAN OPHTHALMOLOGICAL JOURNAL 2022. [DOI: 10.21516/2072-0076-2022-15-4-156-165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
In COVID-19, eye damage may develop at any stage of the disease. Viral ribonucleic acid has been found in ocular tissues, but the role of the eye as a route of infection is yet to be substantiated. Ophthalmic manifestations may be a typical feature of COVID-19 infection or they may develop several weeks after recovery. Ophthalmologists should be aware of possible relationships of an ophthalmic pathology with SARS-CoV-2 in order to obtain targeted case history, detect the specific signs, prescribe the necessary tests and thereby reduce the spread of the infection. These relationships are also important for early diagnosis and treatment of complications that threaten the patients’ life and vision. The first part of the review focuses on the possible involvement of the eye in SARS-CoV-2 infection and the spread of infection. Clinical manifestations of the anterior segment damage are considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- N. I. Kurysheva
- Medical Biological University of Innovations and Continuing Education — A.I. Burnazyan Medical Biophysical Center; Ophthalmological Center, Federal Medical and Biological Agency
| | - O. A. Pererva
- Medical Biological University of Innovations and Continuing Education — A.I. Burnazyan Medical Biophysical Center; Ophthalmological Center, Federal Medical and Biological Agency
| | - A. D. Nikitina
- Medical Biological University of Innovations and Continuing Education — A.I. Burnazyan Medical Biophysical Center; Ophthalmological Center, Federal Medical and Biological Agency
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Anton A, Nolivos K, Pazos M, Fatti G, Ayala ME, Martínez-Prats E, Peral O, Poposki V, Tsiroukis E, Morilla-Grasa A, Comas M, Castells X. Diagnostic Accuracy and Detection Rate of Glaucoma Screening with Optic Disk Photos, Optical Coherence Tomography Images, and Telemedicine. J Clin Med 2021; 11:jcm11010216. [PMID: 35011957 PMCID: PMC8746039 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11010216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Revised: 12/26/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of optical coherence tomography (OCT) and retinography in the detection of glaucoma through a telemedicine program. Methods: A population-based sample of 4113 persons was randomly selected. The screening examination included a fundus photograph and OCT images. Images were evaluated on a deferred basis. All participants were then invited to a complete glaucoma examination, including gonioscopy, visual field, and dilated fundus examination. The detection rate, sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values were calculated. Results: We screened 1006 persons. Of these, 201 (19.9%) were classified as glaucoma suspects; 20.4% were identified only by retinographs, 11.9% only by OCT images, and 46.3% by both. On ophthalmic examination at the hospital (n = 481), confirmed glaucoma was found in 58 (12.1%), probable glaucoma in 76 (15.8%), and ocular hypertension in 10 (2.1%), and no evidence of glaucoma was found in 337 (70.0%). The detection rate for confirmed or probable glaucoma was 9.2%. Sensitivity ranged from 69.4% to 86.2% and specificity from 82.1% to 97.4%, depending on the definition applied. Conclusions: The combination of OCT images and fundus photographs yielded a detection rate of 9.2% in a population-based screening program with moderate sensitivity, high specificity, and predictive values of 84–96%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alfonso Anton
- Research Department, Institut Català de la Retina (ICR), 08017 Barcelona, Spain; (M.E.A.); (V.P.); (E.T.); (A.M.-G.)
- Medical School, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, 08017 Barcelona, Spain
- Ophthalmology Service, Parc de Salut Mar, 08005 Barcelona, Spain;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-93-254-0565 (ext. 4000-4002); Fax: +34-93-254-0567
| | - Karen Nolivos
- Department of Medicine, Institut Mar d’Investigacions Mèdiques (IMIM), 08005 Barcelona, Spain;
- Epidemiology and Evaluation Department, Parc Salut Mar, 08005 Barcelona, Spain; (M.C.); (X.C.)
| | - Marta Pazos
- Institut Clínic d’Oftalmologia (ICOF), Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Institut d’Investigacions Mèdiques, 08036 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Gianluca Fatti
- Ophthalmology Service, Parc de Salut Mar, 08005 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Miriam Eleonora Ayala
- Research Department, Institut Català de la Retina (ICR), 08017 Barcelona, Spain; (M.E.A.); (V.P.); (E.T.); (A.M.-G.)
| | | | | | - Vladimir Poposki
- Research Department, Institut Català de la Retina (ICR), 08017 Barcelona, Spain; (M.E.A.); (V.P.); (E.T.); (A.M.-G.)
- Ophthalmology Service, Parc de Salut Mar, 08005 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Evangelos Tsiroukis
- Research Department, Institut Català de la Retina (ICR), 08017 Barcelona, Spain; (M.E.A.); (V.P.); (E.T.); (A.M.-G.)
| | - Antonio Morilla-Grasa
- Research Department, Institut Català de la Retina (ICR), 08017 Barcelona, Spain; (M.E.A.); (V.P.); (E.T.); (A.M.-G.)
| | - Merce Comas
- Epidemiology and Evaluation Department, Parc Salut Mar, 08005 Barcelona, Spain; (M.C.); (X.C.)
- Health Services Research on Chronic Patients Network (REDISSEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Xavier Castells
- Epidemiology and Evaluation Department, Parc Salut Mar, 08005 Barcelona, Spain; (M.C.); (X.C.)
- Health Services Research on Chronic Patients Network (REDISSEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
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