[The clinical aspects of HPV-positive cancer of the oral cavity and oropharynx]

IL-37 attenuated HPV induced inflammation and growth of oral epithelial cells via regulating autophagy

This study investigated the impact of Human Papillomavirus (HPV) on inflammation and growth in oral epithelial cells, with a focus on the role of Interleukin-37 (IL37). Oral epithelial cells, including HOEC and HSC-3 cells, were employed in the research. The results revealed that HPV significantly induced inflammation in both types of oral epithelial cells, concurrently promoting cell growth and inhibiting apoptosis. IL37, a cytokine, was found to mitigate HPV-induced inflammation in oral epithelial cells. Moreover, IL37 counteracted HPV's effects on apoptosis and cell viability in oral epithelial cells. The study also identified a reduction in autophagy in HPV-infected oral epithelial cells, a phenomenon alleviated by IL37. Furthermore, chemical inhibition of autophagy was observed to attenuate HPV-induced inflammation and growth in oral epithelial cells. These findings contribute valuable insights into the pathogenesis of inflammation in oral epithelial cells associated with HPV and oral cancers, offering potential avenues for novel therapeutic strategies.

Prevalence and Genotyping of HPV in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma in Northern Brazil

Highly oncogenic human papillomavirus (HPV) is well known to be associated with and a risk factor for various types of oral carcinomas such as oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). The aim of this study was to evaluate and describe the HPV-induced OSCC prevalence and genotyping in the city of Belém, northern Brazil. This cross-sectional study features 101 participants who attended an oral pathology referral center in a dental college looking for diagnoses of oral lesions (OL). After signing the consent term and meeting the inclusion criteria, all participants went through a sociodemographic and epidemiological questionnaire. Then, OL were collected by excisional or incisional biopsy depending on OL size; after that, OL tissues were preserved in paraffin blocks to histopathological diagnoses. Afterwards, paraffin blocks were divided into benign and malignant/premalignant lesions based on the classification of potentially malignant disorders of the oral and oropharyngeal mucosa. Then, the paraffin blocks had DNA extraction performed by the ReliaPrep FFPE gDNA Miniprep method in order to identify HPV DNA of high oncogenic risk and low oncogenic risk. Then, the viral DNA was amplified and typed using the Inno-Lipa genotyping Extra II method, and the collected data were analyzed by Chi-square and G-tests. In total, 59/101 (58.4%) OL were malignant/premalignant lesions, of which OSCC was the most prevalent with 40/59 (67.7%) and 42/101 (41.6%) benign lesions. The most common area of OL incidence was upper gingiva 46/101 (45.5%). Regarding HPV DNA detection, approximately 27/101 (26.7%) had positive results; of these, 17/59 (28.8%) were malignant/premalignant lesions, and the most prevalent genotypes detected were 16, 18, 52 and 58, while among benign lesions, 10/42 (66.6%) had HPV-positive results, and the most prevalent genotypes detected were 6, 11 and 42. Age range was the only risk factor with a significant association between HPV and OSCC presence (p-value: 0.0004). A correlation between OSCC and oral HPV among analyzed samples could not be demonstrated in our small cohort.