|
1
|
Blinova E, Korel A, Zemlyakova E, Pestov A, Samokhin A, Zelikman M, Tkachenko V, Bets V, Arzhanova E, Litvinova E. Cytotoxicity and Degradation Resistance of Cryo- and Hydrogels Based on Carboxyethylchitosan at Different pH Values. Gels 2024; 10:272. [PMID: 38667691 PMCID: PMC11049456 DOI: 10.3390/gels10040272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Revised: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: The use of chitosan-based gels is still limited due to their restricted solubility in acid solutions, where the molecules have a positive charge. The functionalization of chitosan makes it possible to significantly expand the possibilities of using both the polymer itself and hydrogels based on its derivatives. Objective: To evaluate the effect of the conditions for the production of cryo- and hydrogels based on carboxyethylchitosan (CEC) crosslinked with glutaraldehyde on gel swelling and its resistance to degradation depending on pH and cytotoxic effects and to test the hypothesis that the amount of crosslinking agent during synthesis may affect the cytotoxicity of the gel. Methods: Gels' swelling values and degradation resistance were determined using the gravimetric method. The cytotoxic effect was evaluated during the co-cultivation of gels in the presence of human fibroblasts using light optical microscopy and flow cytometry. Results: All CEC-based cryogels had a higher equilibrium swelling value and degradation time than the CEC hydrogel in the pH range from 4.6 to 8.0. This demonstrates the superiority of cryogels relative to CEC-based hydrogels in terms of swelling potential and degradation resistance, while an increase in the number of crosslinks with glutaraldehyde contributes to longer swelling of the cryogel. The positive control (intact fibroblasts) and all gel samples were statistically identical in the number of viable cells. On the third day, the viability of the fibroblast cells was consistently high (above 95%) and did not differ between all tested CEC-based gels. And in general, the cell morphology analysis results corresponded with the results obtained in the flow cytometry-based cytotoxicity test. We also did not find proof in our experiment to support our hypothesis that the amount of crosslinking agent during synthesis may affect the cytotoxicity of the material.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elena Blinova
- Faculty of Physical Engineering, Novosibirsk State Technical University, 630073 Novosibirsk, Russia; (E.B.); (A.K.); (V.B.); (E.A.); (E.L.)
| | - Anastasia Korel
- Faculty of Physical Engineering, Novosibirsk State Technical University, 630073 Novosibirsk, Russia; (E.B.); (A.K.); (V.B.); (E.A.); (E.L.)
| | - Ekaterina Zemlyakova
- Institute of Organic Synthesis n.a. I. Ya. Postovsky UB RAS, 620137 Ekaterinburg, Russia; (E.Z.); (A.P.)
| | - Alexander Pestov
- Institute of Organic Synthesis n.a. I. Ya. Postovsky UB RAS, 620137 Ekaterinburg, Russia; (E.Z.); (A.P.)
| | - Alexander Samokhin
- Faculty of Physical Engineering, Novosibirsk State Technical University, 630073 Novosibirsk, Russia; (E.B.); (A.K.); (V.B.); (E.A.); (E.L.)
| | - Maxim Zelikman
- Institute of Solid State Chemistry and Mechanochemistry SB RAS, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia;
| | - Vadim Tkachenko
- Institute of Nuclear Physics SB RAS, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia;
| | - Viktoria Bets
- Faculty of Physical Engineering, Novosibirsk State Technical University, 630073 Novosibirsk, Russia; (E.B.); (A.K.); (V.B.); (E.A.); (E.L.)
| | - Elena Arzhanova
- Faculty of Physical Engineering, Novosibirsk State Technical University, 630073 Novosibirsk, Russia; (E.B.); (A.K.); (V.B.); (E.A.); (E.L.)
| | - Ekaterina Litvinova
- Faculty of Physical Engineering, Novosibirsk State Technical University, 630073 Novosibirsk, Russia; (E.B.); (A.K.); (V.B.); (E.A.); (E.L.)
| |
Collapse
|
|
2
|
Korel A, Samokhin A, Zemlyakova E, Pestov A, Blinova E, Zelikman M, Tkachenko V, Bets V, Kretien S, Arzhanova E, Litvinova E. A Carboxyethylchitosan Gel Cross-Linked with Glutaraldehyde as a Candidate Carrier for Biomedical Applications. Gels 2023; 9:756. [PMID: 37754437 PMCID: PMC10531016 DOI: 10.3390/gels9090756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
To date, few publications describe CEC's properties and possible applications-thus, further evaluation of these properties is a point of interest. The present in vitro model study aimed to evaluate a carboxyethylchitosan (CEC) gel with a degree of substitution of 1, cross-linked with glutaraldehyde at a polymer:aldehyde molar ratio of 10:1, as a potential carrier for delivering bacteriophages to various pH-fixed media (acidic, alkaline), and including gastrointestinal tract (GIT) variable medium. A quantitative analysis of bacteriophages released from the gel was performed using photon correlation spectrophotometry, and phage activity after emission into medium was evaluated using the spot test. The results showed that the CEC gel's maximum swelling ratios were at a nearly neutral alkaline pH. Increasing temperature enhances the swelling ratio of the gel independent from pH, up to 1127% at 37 °C and alkaline pH. The UV and photon correlation spectrophotometry showed equal gel release kinetics in both fixed media with acidic (pH = 2.2) and alkaline (pH = 7.4) pH environments at 37 °C, with the maximum release within two hours. However, phage lytic activity in the spot test during this simulation was absent. At the same time, we obtained an opaque phage lytic activity in the alkaline pH-fixed medium for at least three hours. Phages released from the tested CEC gel in different pHs suggest that this gel could be used for applications that require fast release at the treatment site both in acidic and alkaline pH. Such treatment sites could be a wound or even soil with mild acidic or alkaline pH. However, such CEC gel is not suitable as a delivery system to the GIT because of possible transported acid-sensitive agent (such as phages) release and destruction already in the stomach.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anastasia Korel
- Faculty of Physical Engineering, Novosibirsk State Technical University, 630073 Novosibirsk, Russia; (A.K.); (E.B.); (V.B.); (S.K.); (E.A.); (E.L.)
| | - Alexander Samokhin
- Faculty of Physical Engineering, Novosibirsk State Technical University, 630073 Novosibirsk, Russia; (A.K.); (E.B.); (V.B.); (S.K.); (E.A.); (E.L.)
| | - Ekaterina Zemlyakova
- Institute of Organic Synthesis n.a. I. Ya. Postovsky UB RAS, 620137 Ekaterinburg, Russia; (E.Z.); (A.P.)
| | - Alexander Pestov
- Institute of Organic Synthesis n.a. I. Ya. Postovsky UB RAS, 620137 Ekaterinburg, Russia; (E.Z.); (A.P.)
| | - Elena Blinova
- Faculty of Physical Engineering, Novosibirsk State Technical University, 630073 Novosibirsk, Russia; (A.K.); (E.B.); (V.B.); (S.K.); (E.A.); (E.L.)
| | - Maxim Zelikman
- Institute of Solid State Chemistry and Mechanochemistry SB RAS, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia;
| | - Vadim Tkachenko
- Institute of Nuclear Physics SB RAS, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia;
| | - Viktoria Bets
- Faculty of Physical Engineering, Novosibirsk State Technical University, 630073 Novosibirsk, Russia; (A.K.); (E.B.); (V.B.); (S.K.); (E.A.); (E.L.)
| | - Svetlana Kretien
- Faculty of Physical Engineering, Novosibirsk State Technical University, 630073 Novosibirsk, Russia; (A.K.); (E.B.); (V.B.); (S.K.); (E.A.); (E.L.)
- Novosibirsk Research Institute of Traumatology and Orthopedics, 630091 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Elena Arzhanova
- Faculty of Physical Engineering, Novosibirsk State Technical University, 630073 Novosibirsk, Russia; (A.K.); (E.B.); (V.B.); (S.K.); (E.A.); (E.L.)
| | - Ekaterina Litvinova
- Faculty of Physical Engineering, Novosibirsk State Technical University, 630073 Novosibirsk, Russia; (A.K.); (E.B.); (V.B.); (S.K.); (E.A.); (E.L.)
| |
Collapse
|
|
4
|
Vasilyev AV, Kuznetsova VS, Bukharova TB, Osidak EO, Grigoriev TE, Zagoskin YD, Nedorubova IA, Domogatsky SP, Babichenko II, Zorina OA, Kutsev SI, Chvalun SN, Kulakov AA, Losev FF, Goldshtein DV. Osteoinductive Moldable and Curable Bone Substitutes Based on Collagen, BMP-2 and Highly Porous Polylactide Granules, or a Mix of HAP/β-TCP. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13223974. [PMID: 34833275 PMCID: PMC8621266 DOI: 10.3390/polym13223974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Revised: 11/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
In dentistry, maxillofacial surgery, traumatology, and orthopedics, there is a need to use osteoplastic materials that have not only osteoinductive and osteoconductive properties but are also convenient for use. In the study, compositions based on collagen hydrogel were developed. Polylactide granules (PLA) or a traditional bone graft, a mixture of hydroxyapatite and β-tricalcium phosphate (HAP/β-TCP), were used for gel filling to improve mechanical osteoconductive properties of compositions. The mechanical tests showed that collagen hydrogels filled with 12 wt% highly porous PLA granules (elastic modulus 373 ± 55 kPa) or 35 wt% HAP/β-TCP granules (elastic modulus 451 ± 32 kPa) had optimal manipulative properties. All composite components were cytocompatible. The cell’s viability was above 90%, and the components’ structure facilitated the cell’s surface adhesion. The bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) provided osteoinductive composition properties. It was impregnated directly into the collagen hydrogel with the addition of fibronectin or inside porous PLA granules. The implantation of a collagen hydrogel with BMP-2 and PLA granules into a critical-size calvarial defect in rats led to the formation of the most significant volume of bone tissue: 61 ± 15%. It was almost 2.5 times more than in the groups where a collagen-fibronectin hydrogel with a mixture of HAP/β-TCP (25 ± 7%) or a fibronectin-free composition with porous PLA granules impregnated with BMP-2 (23 ± 8%) were used. Subcutaneous implantation of the compositions also showed their high biocompatibility and osteogenic potential in the absence of a bone environment. Thus, the collagen-fibronectin hydrogel with BMP-2 and PLA granules has optimal biocompatibility, osteogenic, and manipulative properties.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrey Vyacheslavovich Vasilyev
- Research Centre for Medical Genetics, Moskvorechye st., 1, 115478 Moscow, Russia; (V.S.K.); (T.B.B.); (I.A.N.); (S.I.K.); (D.V.G.)
- Central Research Institute of Dental and Maxillofacial Surgery, Timur Frunze st., 16, 119021 Moscow, Russia; (I.I.B.); (O.A.Z.); (A.A.K.); (F.F.L.)
- Department of Pathological Anatomy, Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), 6 Miklukho-Maklaya st., 117198 Moscow, Russia
- I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (Sechenov University), 119991 Moscow, Russia
- Correspondence:
| | - Valeriya Sergeevna Kuznetsova
- Research Centre for Medical Genetics, Moskvorechye st., 1, 115478 Moscow, Russia; (V.S.K.); (T.B.B.); (I.A.N.); (S.I.K.); (D.V.G.)
- Central Research Institute of Dental and Maxillofacial Surgery, Timur Frunze st., 16, 119021 Moscow, Russia; (I.I.B.); (O.A.Z.); (A.A.K.); (F.F.L.)
| | - Tatyana Borisovna Bukharova
- Research Centre for Medical Genetics, Moskvorechye st., 1, 115478 Moscow, Russia; (V.S.K.); (T.B.B.); (I.A.N.); (S.I.K.); (D.V.G.)
| | | | - Timofei Evgenevich Grigoriev
- NRC “Kurchatov Institute”, 1, Akademika Kurchatova pl, 123182 Moscow, Russia; (T.E.G.); (Y.D.Z.); (S.N.C.)
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology (National Research University), 9 Institutskiy per., Dolgoprudny, 141701 Moscow, Russia
| | - Yuriy Dmitrievich Zagoskin
- NRC “Kurchatov Institute”, 1, Akademika Kurchatova pl, 123182 Moscow, Russia; (T.E.G.); (Y.D.Z.); (S.N.C.)
| | - Irina Alekseevna Nedorubova
- Research Centre for Medical Genetics, Moskvorechye st., 1, 115478 Moscow, Russia; (V.S.K.); (T.B.B.); (I.A.N.); (S.I.K.); (D.V.G.)
| | - Sergey Petrovich Domogatsky
- Imtek Ltd., 3rd Cherepkovskaya st., 15a, 121552 Moscow, Russia; (E.O.O.); (S.P.D.)
- Federal State Budgetary Institution National Medical Research Center of Cardiology Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 3rd Cherepkovskaya st., 15a, 121552 Moscow, Russia
| | - Igor Ivanovich Babichenko
- Central Research Institute of Dental and Maxillofacial Surgery, Timur Frunze st., 16, 119021 Moscow, Russia; (I.I.B.); (O.A.Z.); (A.A.K.); (F.F.L.)
- Department of Pathological Anatomy, Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), 6 Miklukho-Maklaya st., 117198 Moscow, Russia
| | - Oksana Aleksandrovna Zorina
- Central Research Institute of Dental and Maxillofacial Surgery, Timur Frunze st., 16, 119021 Moscow, Russia; (I.I.B.); (O.A.Z.); (A.A.K.); (F.F.L.)
- I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (Sechenov University), 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Sergey Ivanovich Kutsev
- Research Centre for Medical Genetics, Moskvorechye st., 1, 115478 Moscow, Russia; (V.S.K.); (T.B.B.); (I.A.N.); (S.I.K.); (D.V.G.)
| | - Sergei Nicolaevich Chvalun
- NRC “Kurchatov Institute”, 1, Akademika Kurchatova pl, 123182 Moscow, Russia; (T.E.G.); (Y.D.Z.); (S.N.C.)
| | - Anatoly Alekseevich Kulakov
- Central Research Institute of Dental and Maxillofacial Surgery, Timur Frunze st., 16, 119021 Moscow, Russia; (I.I.B.); (O.A.Z.); (A.A.K.); (F.F.L.)
| | - Fedor Fedorovich Losev
- Central Research Institute of Dental and Maxillofacial Surgery, Timur Frunze st., 16, 119021 Moscow, Russia; (I.I.B.); (O.A.Z.); (A.A.K.); (F.F.L.)
- I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (Sechenov University), 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Dmitry Vadimovich Goldshtein
- Research Centre for Medical Genetics, Moskvorechye st., 1, 115478 Moscow, Russia; (V.S.K.); (T.B.B.); (I.A.N.); (S.I.K.); (D.V.G.)
| |
Collapse
|
|
5
|
Zhang J, Ming D, Ji Q, Liu A, Zhang C, Jiao J, Shang M. Repair of osteochondral defect using icariin-conditioned serum combined with chitosan in rabbit knees. BMC Complement Med Ther 2020; 20:193. [PMID: 32571325 PMCID: PMC7310103 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-020-02996-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2020] [Accepted: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Osteochondral defects caused by an acute traumatic injury or articular degeneration remains difficult to be manipulated. Repair of articular defects is still a great challenge for both tissue engineers and orthopedic surgeons. Therefore, combination of biomaterials with cartilage promotive drugs is well worth being developed to support the regeneration of both cartilage and subchondral bone. METHODS Rabbits undergoing osteochondral defect surgery were intrarticularly injected with icariin-conditioned serum (ICS), chitosan (CSSH) and combination of ICS with CSSH, respectively. Gait analysis was performed using VICON motion capture system. ICRS score and immunohistochemical (IHC) analysis including H&E, Safranin O, toluidine blue and collagen II staining was employed to evaluate macroscopic cartilage regeneration and determine the morphologic repair of cartilage. RESULTS Rabbits with the treatment of ICS or CSSH alone showed mild improvement in hopping time and range of joint angles while ICS-CSSH group exhibited longer jumping time and larger range of joint angles. In addition, femoral condyle in ICS-CSSH rabbits could be seen with more native cartilage and subchondral bone regeneration in both macroscopic observation and IHC analysis. CONCLUSION ICS combined with CSSH could promote the repair of osteochondral defect in rabbit knees. Combination of biomaterials with cartilage promotive drugs may ultimately have profound implications in the management of cartilage defect.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juntao Zhang
- Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, 92 Weijin Road, Nankai district, Tianjin, China
- Department of orthopedics, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 88 Changling Road, Xiqing district, Tianjin, China
| | - Dong Ming
- Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, 92 Weijin Road, Nankai district, Tianjin, China
| | - Qiang Ji
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Boyanghu Road, Jinghai district, Tianjin, China
| | - Aifeng Liu
- Department of orthopedics, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 88 Changling Road, Xiqing district, Tianjin, China
| | - Chao Zhang
- Department of orthopedics, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 88 Changling Road, Xiqing district, Tianjin, China
| | - Jianjie Jiao
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, 22 Qixiangtai Road, Heping District, Tianjin, China
| | - Man Shang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, 22 Qixiangtai Road, Heping District, Tianjin, China
| |
Collapse
|