[Carbohydrase activities may serve as a marker for small intestinal mucosal recovery in patients with celiac disease]

Food intolerances and the small intestine

The article presents an analysis of the literature on food intolerance (FS) associated with the presence in the diet of fermentable oligodimosaccharides and polyols FODMAP (fermentable oligosaccharides, disaccharides, monosaccharides and polyols), histamine and food additives. The relationship between FS and insufficient activity of enzymes of the small intestine mucosa, in particular, in patients with irritable bowel syndrome, is discussed. FS often noted in them forces them to strictly adhere to the elimination diet and significantly impair the quality of life due to dissatisfaction with the results of treatment. Analysis of the literature has confirmed in many patients with irritable bowel syndrome an etiotropic relationship with poor food tolerance and dictates the need for randomized studies to further study the pathogenetic mechanisms of increasing food tolerance under the influence of cytoprotective therapy.

Historical milestones in the knowledge of celiac disease: on the 80th anniversary of the discovery of W.-K. Dike of the аgluten diet

The article describes the main achievements in the knowledge of celiac disease a mysterious disease known since the time of Hippocrates. The most important discovery was made by Willem-Karel Dicke, in 1941 linking the cause of the disease with the consumption of bread. Dicke is recognized as an outstanding medical worker in Holland. His memory and contribution to medicine is embodied in the Dicke Medal, the most prestigious award of the Dutch Society of Gastroenterology.

[Enteropathy with impaired membrane digestion and the prospects for cytoprotective therapy]

The article describes enteropathy with impaired membrane digestion (EIMD) as a new nosological form. The main clinical manifestation of EIMD is the poor tolerance of food products, in particular carbohydrates and a decrease in the activity of membrane enzymes, in particular, carbohydrates, in the mucous membrane of the small intestine. The cause of the disease can be acute intestinal infections, viruses, drugs and other agents that damage the small intestine. The pathophysiology, clinical picture and diagnosis of EIMD are described. The basis of therapy is rebamipide, which has the ability to reduce the symptoms of carbohydrate intolerance and increase the activity of disaccharidases.