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Hsia Y, Wei YH, Liao SL. The Changes in Ocular Biomechanical Response Parameters and Intraocular Pressure After Surgical Treatment for Thyroid Eye Disease. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2023; 64:31. [PMID: 37494009 PMCID: PMC10382999 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.64.10.31] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose To investigate changes in ocular biomechanical response parameters and intraocular pressure (IOP) in patients with thyroid eye disease (TED) undergoing orbital decompression or anterior blepharotomy. Methods Eighty-three eyes from 46 patients receiving orbital decompression (the orbital decompression group) and 45 eyes from 28 patients receiving anterior blepharotomy (the anterior blepharotomy group) were retrospectively enrolled from a tertiary center. Corvis ST tonometry was used to assess ocular biomechanical response and biomechanically corrected IOP (bIOP) pre- and postoperatively. Non-contact tonometry (IOP-NCT) was also performed. Results In the anterior blepharotomy group, the margin reflex distance decreased (P < 0001). The highest concavity radius (P = 0.026) and whole eye movement (P = 0.003) increased. Neither IOP-NCT nor bIOP had a significant change. In the orbital decompression group, the extent of exophthalmos decreased (P < 0.001). The A2 length (P = 0.009) decreased. The bIOP did not show a significant change (16.4 ± 2.7 vs. 16.7 ± 4.5; P = 0.415), but the IOP-NCT decreased significantly (17.5 ± 3.3 vs. 16.0 ± 3.3; P < 0.001). Higher baseline IOP-NCT (β = -0.40, P < 0.001) and greater reduction in stiffness parameter A1 (SP-A1; β = 0.05, P = 0.002) were associated with more significant IOP-NCT reduction after the orbital decompression. Conclusions Ocular biomechanical response parameters may change after TED surgery, potentially affecting IOP measurements, particularly in patients receiving orbital decompression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Hsia
- Department of Ophthalmology, National Taiwan University Hospital Hsin-Chu Branch, Hsinchu, Taiwan
- Department of Ophthalmology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Hsuan Wei
- Department of Ophthalmology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Lang Liao
- Department of Ophthalmology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
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Babić Leko M, Pleić N, Lešin M, Gunjača I, Torlak V, Škunca Herman J, Vatavuk Z, Punda A, Polašek O, Hayward C, Zemunik T. Association between Thyroid Function and Ocular Parameters. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:1847. [PMID: 36552356 PMCID: PMC9776046 DOI: 10.3390/biology11121847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
During development, thyroid hormones play an important role in eye development, while in adults, some pathological thyroid conditions can affect the normal functioning of the eyes. Thyroid eye disease is the most well-known eye pathology caused by a pathological thyroid condition. Few studies have investigated the association between ocular parameters and thyroid function. Thus, in this study, we aimed to examine whether thyroid activity affects ocular parameters. This cross-sectional study included 4633 healthy adults recruited within the 10,001 Dalmatians project of the Croatian Biobank. The plasma levels of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), free triiodothyronine (fT3), free thyroxine (fT4), thyroglobulin (Tg), thyroglobulin antibodies (TgAb), and thyroid peroxidase antibodies (TPOAb) were measured by an immunoassay. We determined 20 ocular parameters for each participant (10 for each eye, including corneal radius, corneal thickness, anterior chamber depth, anterior chamber angle, lens thickness, posterior chamber length, axial length, intraocular lens power (IOL), spherical power, and cylinder power). Patients with hyperthyroidism had thicker corneas compared to euthyroid individuals. Corneal thickness was also negatively associated with plasma TSH levels. Intra-ocular lens power was higher in patients with clinical hypothyroidism, while spherical power was higher in euthyroid individuals with positive antibodies compared to euthyroid individuals. Intra-ocular lens power negatively correlated with fT4 levels, while spherical power positively correlated with TgAb, TPOAb, and Tg levels and negatively correlated with TSH levels. The anterior chamber angle was positively associated with plasma TSH levels and TPOAb levels and negatively associated with plasma fT4 levels. These findings suggest an interesting interplay between ophthalmic measures and thyroid status, detectable even in the general adult population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirjana Babić Leko
- Department of Medical Biology, School of Medicine, University of Split, 21000 Split, Croatia
| | - Nikolina Pleić
- Department of Medical Biology, School of Medicine, University of Split, 21000 Split, Croatia
| | - Mladen Lešin
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital of Split, 21000 Split, Croatia
| | - Ivana Gunjača
- Department of Medical Biology, School of Medicine, University of Split, 21000 Split, Croatia
| | - Vesela Torlak
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital of Split, 21000 Split, Croatia
| | - Jelena Škunca Herman
- Department of Ophthalmology, Clinical Hospital Sisters of Mercy, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Zoran Vatavuk
- Department of Ophthalmology, Clinical Hospital Sisters of Mercy, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ante Punda
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital of Split, 21000 Split, Croatia
| | - Ozren Polašek
- Department of Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Split, Šoltanska 2, 21000 Split, Croatia
- Algebra University College, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Caroline Hayward
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, UK
| | - Tatijana Zemunik
- Department of Medical Biology, School of Medicine, University of Split, 21000 Split, Croatia
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Glover K, Mishra D, Singh TRR. Epidemiology of Ocular Manifestations in Autoimmune Disease. Front Immunol 2021; 12:744396. [PMID: 34795665 PMCID: PMC8593335 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.744396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The global prevalence of autoimmune diseases is increasing. As a result, ocular complications, ranging from minor symptoms to sight-threatening scenarios, associated with autoimmune diseases have also risen. These ocular manifestations can result from the disease itself or treatments used to combat the primary autoimmune disease. This review provides detailed insights into the epidemiological factors affecting the increasing prevalence of ocular complications associated with several autoimmune disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Thakur Raghu Raj Singh
- School of Pharmacy, Medical Biology Centre, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom
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Bassiouny RM, Awad EA, Gaafar W, Kyrillos FA, Abou Samra WA, Abdelhameed AG. Corneal Tomographic Analysis Among Patients With Thyroid Gland Dysfunction. J Refract Surg 2021; 37:192-197. [PMID: 34038304 DOI: 10.3928/1081597x-20210105-03] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To analyze the corneal tomographic parameters of patients with thyroid gland dysfunction. METHODS This case-control study included 100 eyes of 50 patients with thyroid gland dysfunction and 100 eyes of 50 healthy controls. All eyes were examined by Pentacam (Oculus Optikgeräte GmbH). Pentacam parameters were compared between patients with thyroid gland dysfunction and controls. Spearman's correlation coefficient between different Pentacam parameters and the serum level of free thyroxin (T4) and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) was calculated. RESULTS Patients with hypothyroidism had significantly higher median values of steep and maximum simulated keratometric readings, central corneal thickness (CCT), and thinnest pachymetry (CTmin) than both patients with hyperthyroidism and controls (P⩽ .05). The median values of the average and maximum pachymetric progression index (PPI), posterior elevation, and back difference elevation were significantly higher in patients with hyperthyroidism than in patients with hypothyroidism and controls (P ⩽ .05). The Ambrósio Relational Thickness (ARTmax) was significantly reduced in patients with hyperthyroidism (P ⩽ .001). Both CCT and CTmin showed a moderately positive correlation with serum TSH level and a moderately negative correlation with serum free T4 level. Patients with non-autoimmune thyroid gland dysfunction had significantly thinner CCT, CTmin, and inferior vertical deviation than the autoimmune group (P ⩽ .05). CONCLUSIONS Thyroid gland dysfunction is associated with significant corneal tomographic changes. Patients with hyperthyroidism tend to have thinner corneas and more abnormal tomographic parameters correlating with keratoconus. No significant tomographic changes were found in association with autoimmune thyroid gland dysfunction. The authors recommend screening and regular follow-up of patients with thyroid gland dysfunction for early detection and management of keratoconus. [J Refract Surg. 2021;37(3):192-197.].
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