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Karapetsi L, Pratsinakis E, Xirakias F, Osathanunkul M, Vagelas I, Madesis P. ITS Metabarcoding Reveals the Effects of Oregano Essential Oil on Fusarium oxysporum and Other Fungal Species in Soil Samples. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:62. [PMID: 36616191 PMCID: PMC9824880 DOI: 10.3390/plants12010062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Revised: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The destructive effects of Fusarium wilts are known to affect the production of many crops. The control of Fusarium oxysporum and other soilborne pathogens was mainly based on soil fumigation (methyl bromide), which has long been prohibited and, nowadays, is based on a limited number of available fungicides due to legislation restrictions on residue tolerances and environmental impacts. Alternatively, natural and environmentally safe compounds, such as essential oils, are being investigated for their efficacy in the control of soilborne diseases. The great fungicidal ability of the oregano essential oil components (carvacrol and thymol) has been reported to inhibit the germination and the mycelial development of several fungal species, including F. oxysporum. The aim of our study was to demonstrate how the metabarcoding approach can provide valuable information about the positive or negative impacts of two different doses of oregano essential oil on Fusarium oxysporum and other fungal species which were present in the studied soil samples through the amplification of the ITS1 and ITS2 regions, which were analyzed on a MiSeq platform. A higher dose of oregano essential oil decreased the abundance of F. oxysporum, along with other fungal species, but also had negative effects on Trichoderma evansii and Mortierella chlamydospora, species with possible fungicidal properties. Soil properties, essential oil properties, the fungal composition, and interactions between fungal species should be considered as factors influencing the effectiveness of essential oils as biological control agents for soilborne pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lefkothea Karapetsi
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Plants, Department of Agriculture Crop Production and Rural Environment, University of Thessaly, Fytokou St., 38446 Nea Ionia, Greece
- Institute of Applied Biosciences (INAB), Centre for Research and Technology Hellas (CERTH), 6th Km Charilaou-Thermi Road, 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Emmanouil Pratsinakis
- Institute of Applied Biosciences (INAB), Centre for Research and Technology Hellas (CERTH), 6th Km Charilaou-Thermi Road, 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece
- Laboratory of Agronomy, School of Agriculture, Faculty of Agriculture, Forestry and Natural Environment, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Fotis Xirakias
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Plants, Department of Agriculture Crop Production and Rural Environment, University of Thessaly, Fytokou St., 38446 Nea Ionia, Greece
| | - Maslin Osathanunkul
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
- Research Center in Bioresources for Agriculture, Industry and Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Ioannis Vagelas
- Laboratory of Plant Pathology, Department of Agriculture Crop Production and Rural Environment, University of Thessaly, Fytokou St., 38446 Nea Ionia, Greece
| | - Panagiotis Madesis
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Plants, Department of Agriculture Crop Production and Rural Environment, University of Thessaly, Fytokou St., 38446 Nea Ionia, Greece
- Institute of Applied Biosciences (INAB), Centre for Research and Technology Hellas (CERTH), 6th Km Charilaou-Thermi Road, 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece
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