[Psychosocial Risk Factors in Patients With Most Common Cardiovascular Diseases Such as Hypertension and Coronary Artery Disease (Based on Results From the Russian Multicenter COMET Study)]

Preventive Cardiology 2024: State of Problem Perspectives of Development

This article presents the current relevance of preventive cardiology, substantiates the increasing importance of the prevention of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) to reduce mortality and the burden of CVD, including in the era of widespread use of modern high-tech methods and effective drug therapy for treating CVD in clinical practice. The article also addresses effectiveness of secondary prevention of CVD and approaches to its improvement. Particular attention is paid to the high importance of introducing into practice comprehensive programs for secondary prevention of CVD and cardiac rehabilitation. The principles of organizing such programs and their most important components are presented in detail.

[Anxiety in subjects with cardiovascular disease: Current diagnostic strategies and therapeutic options. A review]

Anxiety and anxiety disorders are important modifiable risk factors for cardiovascular and other common chronic non-communicable diseases and complications. Anxiety disorders significantly reduce the motivation and adherence of patients to lifestyle changes and drug therapy, significantly worsen the quality of life, and increase the risk of disability and the costs of the health care system. The issues of diagnosis and therapy of anxiety are relevant for the practice of physicians and cardiologists due to the high incidence of anxiety disorders in patients with cardiovascular diseases, a decrease in the quality of life and an increase in adverse outcomes, and also due to the insufficient awareness of the risks associated with the psycho-emotional state of patients. Therapy of anxiety disorders includes both drug and non-drug methods. The first-line drugs in treating most anxiety disorders are selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors or selective serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors. The risk of possible side effects of these agents in patients with cardiovascular diseases should be considered. Sedative and anti-anxiety drugs, including non-benzodiazepine tranquilizers, are more commonly used. The most studied drug from this class in therapeutic and cardiological practice is fabomotizole. The efficacy and safety of fabomotizole, including long-term use, have been studied in numerous studies in patients with cardiovascular diseases and a wide range of anxiety disorders.

Psychoemotional risk factors for non-communicable diseases in outpatient practice. Guidelines for internists

Methodological guidelines "Psychoemotional risk factors in outpatient practice" were developed as a practical document for primary care physicians in order to expand and improve knowledge, as well as provide care to the adult population within the studied theme. The methodological guidelines include an information and content part for medical specialists and a practical part for patients, presented in the format of memos. The guidelines include the main sections: definition, structure and epidemiology of psychoemotional risk factors, psychoemotional risk factors in the clinics of internal diseases, screening of psychoemotional risk factors, prevention and correction of psychoemotional risk factors for noncommunicable diseases, non-drug care for patients, pharmacotherapy of psychoemotional disorders. The guidelines are intended for primary care physicians, for specialists who develop and implement educational programs for patients, as well as for therapeutic residents.