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Almatroodi SA, Almatroudi A, Alharbi HOA, Khan AA, Rahmani AH. Effects and Mechanisms of Luteolin, a Plant-Based Flavonoid, in the Prevention of Cancers via Modulation of Inflammation and Cell Signaling Molecules. Molecules 2024; 29:1093. [PMID: 38474604 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29051093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Revised: 02/18/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Luteolin, a flavonoid, is mainly found in various vegetables and fruits, including carrots, cabbages, onions, parsley, apples, broccoli, and peppers. Extensive research in vivo and in vitro has been performed to explore its role in disease prevention and treatment. Moreover, this compound possesses the ability to combat cancer by modulating cell-signaling pathways across various types of cancer. The studies have confirmed that luteolin can inhibit cancer-cell survival and proliferation, angiogenesis, invasion, metastasis, mTOR/PI3K/Akt, STAT3, Wnt/β-catenin, and cell-cycle arrest, and induce apoptosis. Further, scientific evidence describes that this compound plays a vital role in the up/down-regulation of microRNAs (miRNAs) in cancer therapy. This review aims to outline the anti-cancer mechanisms of this compound and its molecular targets. However, a knowledge gap remains regarding the studies on its safety and efficacy and clinical trials. Therefore, it is essential to conduct more research based on safety, efficacy, and clinical trials to explore the beneficial role of this compound in disease management, including cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saleh A Almatroodi
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmad Almatroudi
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hajed Obaid A Alharbi
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amjad Ali Khan
- Department of Basic Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia
| | - Arshad Husain Rahmani
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia
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Shi M, Chen Z, Gong H, Peng Z, Sun Q, Luo K, Wu B, Wen C, Lin W. Luteolin, a flavone ingredient: Anticancer mechanisms, combined medication strategy, pharmacokinetics, clinical trials, and pharmaceutical researches. Phytother Res 2024; 38:880-911. [PMID: 38088265 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.8066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2024]
Abstract
Current pharmaceutical research is energetically excavating the pharmacotherapeutic role of herb-derived ingredients in multiple malignancies' targeting. Luteolin is one of the major phytochemical components that exist in various traditional Chinese medicine or medical herbs. Mounting evidence reveals that this phytoconstituent endows prominent therapeutic actions on diverse malignancies, with the underlying mechanisms, combined medication strategy, and pharmacokinetics elusive. Additionally, the clinical trial and pharmaceutical investigation of luteolin remain to be systematically delineated. The present review aimed to comprehensively summarize the updated information with regard to the anticancer mechanism, combined medication strategies, pharmacokinetics, clinical trials, and pharmaceutical researches of luteolin. The survey corroborates that luteolin executes multiple anticancer effects mainly by dampening proliferation and invasion, spurring apoptosis, intercepting cell cycle, regulating autophagy and immune, inhibiting inflammatory response, inducing ferroptosis, and pyroptosis, as well as epigenetic modification, and so on. Luteolin can be applied in combination with numerous clinical anticarcinogens and natural ingredients to synergistically enhance the therapeutic efficacy of malignancies while reducing adverse reactions. For pharmacokinetics, luteolin has an unfavorable oral bioavailability, it mainly persists in plasma as glucuronides and sulfate-conjugates after being metabolized, and is regarded as potent inhibitors of OATP1B1 and OATP2B1, which may be messed with the pharmacokinetic interactions of miscellaneous bioactive substances in vivo. Besides, pharmaceutical innovation of luteolin with leading-edge drug delivery systems such as host-guest complexes, nanoparticles, liposomes, nanoemulsion, microspheres, and hydrogels are beneficial to the exploitation of luteolin-based products. Moreover, some registered clinical trials on luteolin are being carried out, yet clinical research on anticancer effects should be continuously promoted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyi Shi
- School of Intelligent Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Zixian Chen
- College of Ethnic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Hui Gong
- School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhaolei Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Qiang Sun
- Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory of Individualized Drug Therapy, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Kaipei Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Baoyu Wu
- School of Intelligent Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Chuanbiao Wen
- School of Intelligent Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Wei Lin
- School of Intelligent Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
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Rocchetti MT, Bellanti F, Zadorozhna M, Fiocco D, Mangieri D. Multi-Faceted Role of Luteolin in Cancer Metastasis: EMT, Angiogenesis, ECM Degradation and Apoptosis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24108824. [PMID: 37240168 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24108824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Luteolin (3',4',5,7-tetrahydroxyflavone), a member of the flavonoid family derived from plants and fruits, shows a wide range of biomedical applications. In fact, due to its anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and immunomodulatory activities, Asian medicine has been using luteolin for centuries to treat several human diseases, including arthritis, rheumatism, hypertension, neurodegenerative disorders and various infections. Of note, luteolin displays many anti-cancer/anti-metastatic properties. Thus, the purpose of this review consists in highlighting the relevant mechanisms by which luteolin inhibits tumor progression in metastasis, i.e., affecting epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), repressing angiogenesis and lysis of extracellular matrix (ECM), as well as inducing apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Teresa Rocchetti
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Via Pinto 1, 71122 Foggia, Italy
| | - Francesco Bellanti
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Via Pinto 1, 71122 Foggia, Italy
| | - Mariia Zadorozhna
- Medical Genetics Unit, Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, Via Forlanini 14, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Daniela Fiocco
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Via Pinto 1, 71122 Foggia, Italy
| | - Domenica Mangieri
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Via Pinto 1, 71122 Foggia, Italy
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Shi ML, Chen YF, Wu WQ, Lai Y, Jin Q, Qiu WL, Yu DL, Li YZ, Liao HF. Luteolin inhibits the proliferation, adhesion, migration and invasion of choroidal melanoma cells in vitro. Exp Eye Res 2021; 210:108643. [PMID: 34058231 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2021.108643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Revised: 04/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Choroidal melanoma is a devastating disease that causes visual loss and a high mortality rate due to metastasis. Luteolin, a potential anticancer compound, is widely found in natural plants. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antiproliferative, antiadhesive, antimigratory and anti-invasive effects of luteolin on choroidal melanoma cells in vitro and to explore its potential mechanism. Cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assays, 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine (EdU) assays, Cell adhesion, migration, and invasion assays were performed to examine the inhibitory effects of luteolin on cell cell viability, proliferation, adhesion, migration and invasion capacities, respectively. Considering the correlation between Matrix metalloenzymes and tumor metastasis, Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) were used to assess matrix metalloproteases MMP-2 and MMP-9 secretion. Western blotting was performed to detect p-PI3K P85, Akt, and p-Akt protein expression. The cytoskeletal proteins vimentin were observed with cell immunofluorescence staining. Luteolin can inhibit OCM-1 cell proliferation, migration, invasion and adhesion and C918 cell proliferation, migration, and invasion through the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. Therefore, Luteolin may have potential as a therapeutic medication for Choroidal melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Lin Shi
- Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330000, Jiangxi Province, China; Jiangxi Province Blood Center, Nanchang, 330052, Jiangxi Province, China; Jiangxi Research Institute of Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Yu-Fen Chen
- Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330000, Jiangxi Province, China; Jiangxi Research Institute of Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi Province, China; Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Eye Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330000, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Wei-Qi Wu
- Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330000, Jiangxi Province, China; Jiangxi Research Institute of Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi Province, China; Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Eye Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330000, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Yao Lai
- Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330000, Jiangxi Province, China; Jiangxi Research Institute of Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi Province, China; Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Eye Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330000, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Qi Jin
- Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330000, Jiangxi Province, China; Jiangxi Research Institute of Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi Province, China; Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Eye Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330000, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Wan-Lu Qiu
- Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330000, Jiangxi Province, China; Jiangxi Research Institute of Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi Province, China; Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Eye Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330000, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Dong-Lian Yu
- Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330000, Jiangxi Province, China; Jiangxi Research Institute of Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi Province, China; Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Eye Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330000, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Yi-Zhong Li
- Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330000, Jiangxi Province, China; Jiangxi Research Institute of Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi Province, China; Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Eye Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330000, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Hong-Fei Liao
- Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330000, Jiangxi Province, China; Jiangxi Research Institute of Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi Province, China; Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Eye Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330000, Jiangxi Province, China.
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