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PW06 Triggered Fas-FADD to Induce Apoptotic Cell Death In Human Pancreatic Carcinoma MIA PaCa-2 Cells through the Activation of the Caspase-Mediated Pathway. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2023; 2023:3479688. [PMID: 36820406 PMCID: PMC9938777 DOI: 10.1155/2023/3479688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Revised: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/13/2023]
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer has higher incidence and mortality rates worldwide. PW06 [(E)-3-(9-ethyl-9H-carbazol-3-yl)-1-(2,5-dimethoxyphenyl) prop-2-en-1-one] is a carbazole derivative containing chalcone moiety which was designed for inhibiting tumorigenesis in human pancreatic cancer. This study is aimed at investigating PW06-induced anticancer effects in human pancreatic cancer MIA PaCa-2 cells in vitro. The results showed PW06 potent antiproliferative/cytotoxic activities and induced cell morphological changes in a human pancreatic cancer cell line (MIA PaCa-2), and these effects are concentration-dependent (IC50 is 0.43 μM). Annexin V and DAPI staining assays indicated that PW06 induced apoptotic cell death and DNA condensation. Western blotting indicated that PW06 increased the proapoptotic proteins such as Bak and Bad but decreased the antiapoptotic protein such as Bcl-2 and Bcl-xL. Moreover, PW06 increased the active form of caspase-8, caspase-9, and caspase-3, PARP, releasing cytochrome c, AIF, and Endo G from mitochondria in MIA PaCa-2 cells. Confocal laser microscopy assay also confirmed that PW06 increased Bak and decreased Bcl-xL. Also, the cells were pretreated with inhibitors of caspase-3, caspase-8, and caspase-9 and then were treated with PW06, resulting in increased viable cell number compared to PW06 treated only. Furthermore, PW06 showed a potent binding ability with hydrophobic interactions in the core site of the Fas-Fas death domains (FADD). In conclusion, PW06 can potent binding ability to the Fas-FADD which led to antiproliferative, cytotoxic activities, and apoptosis induction accompanied by the caspase-dependent and mitochondria-dependent pathways in human pancreatic cancer MIA PaCa-2 cells.
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Zhang Q, Hu XM, Zhao WJ, Ban XX, Li Y, Huang YX, Wan H, He Y, Liao LS, Shang L, Jiang B, Qing GP, Xiong K. Targeting Necroptosis: A Novel Therapeutic Option for Retinal Degenerative Diseases. Int J Biol Sci 2023; 19:658-674. [PMID: 36632450 PMCID: PMC9830514 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.77994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The discovery of the necroptosis, a form of regulated necrosis that is mediated by receptor-interacting protein kinase 1 (RIPK1), RIPK3, and mixed-lineage kinase domain-like pseudokinase (MLKL), represents a major breakthrough that has dramatically altered the conception of necrosis - traditionally thought of as uncontrolled cell death - in various human diseases. Retinal cell death is a leading cause of blindness and has been identified in most retinal diseases, e.g., age-related macular degeneration, glaucoma, retinal detachment, retinitis pigmentosa, etc. Increasing evidence demonstrates that retinal degenerative diseases also share a common mechanism in necroptosis. Exacerbated necroptotic cell death hinders the treatment for retinal degenerative diseases. In this review, we highlight recent advances in identifying retinal necroptosis, summarize the underlying mechanisms of necroptosis in retinal degenerative diseases, and discuss potential anti-necroptosis strategies, such as selective inhibitors and chemical agents, for treating retinal degenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Zhang
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Key Laboratory of Emergency and Trauma, Ministry of Education, College of Emergency and Trauma, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
| | - Xi-min Hu
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Wen-juan Zhao
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xiao-xia Ban
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yan-xia Huang
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Hao Wan
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ye He
- Changsha Aier Eye Hospital, Changsha, China
| | - Lv-shuang Liao
- School of Physical Education, Hunan Institute of Science and Technology, Yueyang, China
| | - Lei Shang
- Affiliated Eye Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi Research Institute of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Jiangxi Clinical Research Center for Ophthalmic Disease, Nanchang, China
| | - Bin Jiang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Guo-ping Qing
- Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Key Laboratory, Beijing, China
| | - Kun Xiong
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Key Laboratory of Emergency and Trauma, Ministry of Education, College of Emergency and Trauma, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Changsha, China.,✉ Corresponding author: E-mail:
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Yin J, Zhou Q, Tan J, Che W, He Y. Inorganic arsenic induces MDM2, p53, and their phosphorylation and affects the MDM2/p53 complex in vitro. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:88078-88088. [PMID: 35829882 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-21986-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Arsenic, as a human carcinogen, has posed a certain threat to environmental health globally. However, the underlying mechanism of the arsenic carcinogenic effect remains largely undetermined. The up-regulation of MDM2 seems to play a crucial part in tumors in especial carcinomas of the diffuse type. The interaction of MDM2 and p53 is closely relevant to the pathogenesis of tumors. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effect on MDM2, p53, and their phosphorylation after As(III). In the epidemiological study, we investigated that MDM2 expression was up-regulation and was positively linked to methylated metabolites (monomethylarsonic acid (MMA) and dimethylarsinic acid (DMA)) after As(III)-exposure. In vitro studies employing A549 and 16HBE cells confirmed the epidemiological data. Studies on MDM2 phosphorylation sites consisting of Ser166, Ser260, and Ser394 in response to arsenic exposure, which have not been studied presently, indicated that As(III) could induce the expression of MDM2 phosphorylation. Moreover, we studied the alterations of p53 and its N-terminus phosphorylation sites of Ser9, Ser15, and Ser33, which demonstrated that p53 and its phosphorylation were highly expressed after As(III) exposure. Subsequently, Co-immunoprecipitation assays validated our hypothesis that the bonding of MDM2 and p53 was altered by arsenic exposure. What's more, outcomes coming from different cell types of A549, 16HBE, and 60 T-16HBE revealed that MDM2 and its phosphorylation expression existed a significant difference. The study provides evidence that As(III) and its methylated metabolites modulate the expression of MDM2, p53, and their phosphorylation and then affect the interaction between MDM2 and p53.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinyao Yin
- School of Public Health, Kunming Medical University, No.1168 Chunrongxi Road Chenggong District, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Qian Zhou
- School of Public Health, Kunming Medical University, No.1168 Chunrongxi Road Chenggong District, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Jingwen Tan
- School of Public Health, Kunming Medical University, No.1168 Chunrongxi Road Chenggong District, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Wangjun Che
- Department of Occupational Health, Kunming Center for Disease Control and Prevention, No. 4, Ziyun Road, Xishan District, Kunming, Yunnan, 650228, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuefeng He
- School of Public Health, Kunming Medical University, No.1168 Chunrongxi Road Chenggong District, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China.
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