Pretreatment TACC3 expression in locally advanced rectal cancer decreases the response to neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy

Family with sequence similarity 111 member B contributes to tumor growth and metastasis by mediating cell proliferation, invasion, and EMT via transforming acidic coiled-coil protein 3/PI3K/AKT signaling pathway in hepatocellular carcinoma

As a complex systemic disease, primary liver cancer ranks third in death rate for solid tumors worldwide. Family with sequence similarity 111 member B (FAM111B), which was found to be aberrantly mutated in multiple cancers, is a candidate oncogene. We aimed to determine the function and mechanism of FAM111B in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The expression of FAM111B was evaluated in HCC tissues, adjacent tissues, HCC cell lines. The impact of FAM111B on proliferation, invasion, apoptosis and EMT of HCC cells were detected by CCK-8, Transwell, flow cytometry and Western blot assays. The relationship between FAM111B and transforming acidic coiled-coil protein 3 (TACC3) was assessed by CoIP and Immunofluorescence (IF) staining assays. The effect of FAM111B on tumor growth was detected by using xenograft model of nude mice. The expression of FAM111B was upregulated in HCC tissues and cell lines, and the prognosis of HCC patients was worse in the high FAM111B expression group, and its expression level was associated with the TNM stage of HCC. FAM111B silencing inhibited HCC cell proliferation and invasion, EMT and induced apoptosis. Besides, TACC3 served as an interactor for FAM111B, which could enhance TACC3 expression, thus activing PI3K/AKT pathway. Rescue experiments revealed that elevated of TACC3 restored the inhibitory effect of FAM111B overexpression on the cell functions via PI3K/AKT pathway. In vivo, FAM111B inhibition hampered tumor growth and metastasis of HCC. This study highlighted a key player of FAM111B in modulating the malignant biological progression of HCC via TACC3/PI3K/AKT signaling pathway, displaying a potential therapeutic target for HCC.

Elevated expression of transforming acidic coiled-coil-containing protein 3 (TACC3) reflects aggressiveness of primary central nervous system lymphomas

Transforming acidic coiled-coil-containing protein 3 (TACC3) plays an important role in centrosome/microtubule dynamics. Deregulation of centrosomes/microtubules causes mitotic spindle defects, leading to tumorigenesis. However, the correlation between TACC3 and primary central nervous system lymphomas (PCNSLs) is unknown. The present study investigated the association between the immunohistochemical expression of TACC3, p53, and Ki-67, and the clinical factors in 40 PCNSLs. We evaluated the staining of TACC3 based on the histoscore (H-score) that contains a semiquantitative evaluation of both the intensity of staining, and the percentage of positive cells. Expression level of each component was classified as low or high according to the median H-score value. Patients with PCNSLs were divided into groups depending on TACC3 expression levels (no expression and low expression, 18; high expression, 22). Disease-free survival and overall survival of patients with high TACC3 expression were significantly shorter (p < 0.01 and p < 0.05, respectively). These results suggest that elevated expression of TACC3 could reflects aggressiveness of primary central nervous system lymphomas.

Inhibiting of TACC3 Promotes Cell Proliferation, Cell Invasion and the EMT Pathway in Breast Cancer

Accumulating evidences indicate that transforming acidic coiled-coil 3 (TACC3) is a tumor-related gene, was highly expressed in a variety of human cancers, which is involved in cancer development. However, the potential role of TACC3 in breast cancer remains largely unknown. In the present study, we found that TACC3 was highly-expressed in breast cancer tissues, and its level was positively correlated with the clinical features of breast cancer patients. Specifically, TACC3 expression was significantly associated with the estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) status, nodal status, the scarff-bloom-richardson (SBR) grade, nottingham prognostic index (NPI), age, subtypes, and triple-negative and basal-like status, suggesting that TACC3 may be a potential diagnostic indicator of breast cancer. Furthermore, functional studies have shown that inhibition of TACC3 can significantly promote the cell proliferation and viability of breast cancer cells. Moreover, TACC3 knockdown suppressed the expression of E-cadherin, but increased the expression of N-cadherin, Snail, ZEB1, and TWIST, which indicate that TACC3 may impact the migration of breast cancer cells in vitro. Taken together, these findings indicate that TACC3 may serve as a prognostic and therapeutic indicator of breast cancer.

Proteomic Analysis of miR-195 and miR-497 Replacement Reveals Potential Candidates that Increase Sensitivity to Oxaliplatin in MSI/P53wt Colorectal Cancer Cells

Most patients with advanced colorectal cancer (CRC) eventually develop resistance to systemic combination therapy. miR-195-5p and miR-497-5p are downregulated in CRC tissues and associated with drug resistance. Sensitization to 5-FU, oxaliplatin, and irinotecan by transfection with miR-195-5p and miR-497-5p mimics was studied using cell viability and clonogenic assays in cell lines HCT116, RKO, DLD-1, and SW480. In addition, proteomic analysis of transfected cells was implemented to identify potential targets. Significantly altered proteins were subjected to STRING (protein-protein interaction networks) database analysis to study the potential mechanisms of drug resistance. Cell viability analysis of transfected cells revealed increased sensitivity to oxaliplatin in microsatellite instable (MSI)/P53 wild-type HCT116 and RKO cells. HCT116 transfected cells formed significantly fewer colonies when treated with oxaliplatin. In sensitized cells, proteomic analysis showed 158 and 202 proteins with significantly altered expression after transfection with miR-195-5p and miR-497-5p mimics respectively, of which CHUK and LUZP1 proved to be coinciding downregulated proteins. Resistance mechanisms of these proteins may be associated with nuclear factor kappa-B signaling and G1 cell-cycle arrest. In conclusion, miR-195-5p and miR-497-5p replacement enhanced sensitivity to oxaliplatin in treatment naïve MSI/P53 wild-type CRC cells. Proteomic analysis revealed potential miRNA targets associated with the cell-cycle which possibly bare a relation with chemotherapy sensitivity.