Comprehensive analysis of BUBs gene family in lung adenocarcinoma with immunological analysis

BUB1, miR-495-3p, and E2F1/E2F8 axis is associated with poor prognosis of breast cancer patients and infiltration of Th2 cells in the tumor microenvironment

Breast cancer, the most common cancer in women, is characterized by cell cycle dysregulation and chromosome segregation errors, leading to mitotic catastrophe and genomic instability. Understanding these molecular mechanisms is crucial for better diagnosis and treatment. We used databases like TIMER 2.0, UALCAN, and Oncomine to determine the differential expression of Budding uninhibited by benzimidazole 1 (BUB1) in normal and pan-cancer tissues. we also used the Kaplan-Meier Plotter database to analyze gene expression associations with survival outcomes, bc-GenExMiner v5.0 to analyze BUB1 gene expression and histological subtypes, and ctcRbase and miR-TV to identify microRNAs associated with BUB1 expression in breast cancer. Our data show that BUB1 expression is overexpressed in breast cancer tumors, metastatic tissues, and circulating tumor cells, leading to shorter overall survival, disease-free survival, and relapse-free survival compared to low-expression patients. BUB1 expression is strongly correlated with E2F1/E2F8 expression, suggesting a potential regulatory relationship between these genes. The study revealed a negative correlation between target miRNA miR-495-3p and BUB1 expression in breast cancer tumors, indicating a potential regulatory relationship between these genes. The BUB1 expression was also strongly correlated with the infiltration of CD4+ T helper 2 (Th2) subtypes in the tumors, suggesting a need for further research.

Integrated analysis of single-cell and bulk-RNA sequencing for the cellular senescence in prognosis of lung adenocarcinoma

Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), half of which are lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD), is one of the most widely spread cancers in the world. Telomerase, which maintains telomere length and chromosomal integrity, enables cancer cells to avoid replicative senescence. When telomerase is inhibited, cancer cells' senescence began, preventing them from growing indefinitely. Cellular senescence and telomeres are intrinsically linked. As of yet, still laking a systematic study of the involvement of telomere-senescence related genes in lung adenocarcinoma development. In this study, myeloid cells were identified as the cell type which are most correlated with cellular senescence based on its highest telomere-related gene activity. GO, KEGG, GSEA and GSVA analyses were used to explore the biological function of telomere-senescence related genes in LUAD. The combined analysis of single-cell RNA-sequencing and bulk-RNA sequencing identified a gene signature composed of 14 genes which can accurately predict the prognosis of patients with LUAD. In one training and four validation sets, patients with higher Telomere Related Gene Signature (TRGS) had a worse prognosis than those with lower TRGS. Different TRGS patient groups showed varying degrees of immune cell infiltration, frequency of gene missense mutation, sensitivity to different drugs, and tumor mutation burden (TMB). Collectively, we developed a brand new signature composed of telomere-senescence related genes that can accurately predicts patients' prognosis in LUAD, which provides new insights for future research into the role of cellular senescence in LUAD.

BUB1 Inhibition Overcomes Radio- and Chemoradiation Resistance in Lung Cancer

Background: Despite advances in targeted therapies and immunotherapies, traditional treatments like microtubule stabilizers (paclitaxel, docetaxel), DNA-intercalating platinum drugs (cisplatin), and radiation therapy remain essential for managing locally advanced and metastatic lung cancer. Identifying novel molecular targets could enhance the efficacy of these treatments. Hypothesis: We hypothesize that BUB1 (Ser/Thr kinase) is overexpressed in lung cancers and its inhibition will sensitize lung cancers to chemoradiation. Methods: BUB1 inhibitor (BAY1816032) was combined with cisplatin, paclitaxel, a PARP inhibitor olaparib, and radiation in cell proliferation and radiation-sensitization assays. Biochemical and molecular assays evaluated the impact on DNA damage signaling and cell death. Results: Immunostaining of lung tumor microarrays (TMAs) confirmed higher BUB1 expression in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and small cell lung cancer (SCLC) compared to normal tissues. In NSCLC, BUB1 overexpression correlated directly with the expression of TP53 mutations and poorer overall survival in NSCLC and SCLC patients. BAY1816032 synergistically sensitized lung cancer cell lines to paclitaxel and olaparib and enhanced cell killing by radiation in both NSCLC and SCLC. Molecular analysis indicated a shift towards pro-apoptotic and anti-proliferative states, evidenced by altered BAX, BCL2, PCNA, and Caspases-9 and -3 expressions. Conclusions: Elevated BUB1 expression is associated with poorer survival in lung cancer. Inhibiting BUB1 sensitizes NSCLC and SCLC to chemotherapies (cisplatin, paclitaxel), targeted therapy (olaparib), and radiation. Furthermore, we present the novel finding that BUB1 inhibition sensitized both NSCLC and SCLC to radiotherapy and chemoradiation. Our results demonstrate BUB1 inhibition as a promising strategy to sensitize lung cancers to radiation and chemoradiation therapies.

Predicting potential therapeutic targets and small molecule drugs for early-stage lung adenocarcinoma

Lung cancer is a leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide, with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) constituting the majority, and its main subtype being lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). Despite substantial advances in LUAD diagnosis and treatment, early diagnostic biomarkers inadequately fulfill clinical requirements. Thus, we conducted bioinformatics analysis to identify potential biomarkers and corresponding therapeutic drugs for early-stage LUAD patients. Here we identified a total of 10 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) with survival significance through the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). Subsequently, we identified a promising small molecule drug, Aminopurvalanol A, based on the 10 key genes using the L1000FWD application, which was validated by molecular docking followed by in vivo and in vitro experiments. The results highlighted TOP2A, CDH3, ASPM, CENPF, SLC2A1, and PRC1 as potential detection biomarkers for early LUAD. We confirmed the efficacy and safety of Aminopurvalanol A, providing valuable insights for the clinical management of LUAD.