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Krkoška M, Paruch K, Šošolíková T, Vázquez-Gómez G, Herůdková J, Novotný J, Ovesná P, Sova P, Hyršlová Vaculová A. Inhibition of Chk1 stimulates cytotoxic action of platinum-based drugs and TRAIL combination in human prostate cancer cells. Biol Chem 2024; 405:395-406. [PMID: 38452398 DOI: 10.1515/hsz-2023-0111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
Checkpoint kinase 1 (Chk1) plays an important role in regulation of the cell cycle, DNA damage response and cell death, and represents an attractive target in anticancer therapy. Small-molecule inhibitors of Chk1 have been intensively investigated either as single agents or in combination with various chemotherapeutic drugs and they can enhance the chemosensitivity of numerous tumor types. Here we newly demonstrate that pharmacological inhibition of Chk1 using potent and selective inhibitor SCH900776, currently profiled in phase II clinical trials, significantly enhances cytotoxic effects of the combination of platinum-based drugs (cisplatin or LA-12) and TRAIL (tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis inducing ligand) in human prostate cancer cells. The specific role of Chk1 in the drug combination-induced cytotoxicity was confirmed by siRNA-mediated silencing of this kinase. Using RNAi-based methods we also showed the importance of Bak-dependent mitochondrial apoptotic pathway in the combined anticancer action of SCH900776, cisplatin and TRAIL. The triple drug combination-induced cytotoxicity was partially enhanced by siRNA-mediated Mcl-1 silencing. Our findings suggest that targeting Chk1 may be used as an efficient strategy for sensitization of prostate cancer cells to killing action of platinum-based chemotherapeutic drugs and TRAIL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Krkoška
- Department of Cytokinetics, 86853 Institute of Biophysics of the Czech Academy of Sciences , Královopolská 135, CZ-612 65 Brno, Czech Republic
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, 117204 Masaryk University , Kamenice 5, CZ-625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Kamil Paruch
- International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne's University Hospital, Pekařská 53, CZ-602 00 Brno, Czech Republic
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, CaZ-625 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Tereza Šošolíková
- Department of Cytokinetics, 86853 Institute of Biophysics of the Czech Academy of Sciences , Královopolská 135, CZ-612 65 Brno, Czech Republic
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, 117204 Masaryk University , Kamenice 5, CZ-625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Gerardo Vázquez-Gómez
- Department of Cytokinetics, 86853 Institute of Biophysics of the Czech Academy of Sciences , Královopolská 135, CZ-612 65 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jarmila Herůdková
- Department of Cytokinetics, 86853 Institute of Biophysics of the Czech Academy of Sciences , Královopolská 135, CZ-612 65 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Novotný
- Department of Cytokinetics, 86853 Institute of Biophysics of the Czech Academy of Sciences , Královopolská 135, CZ-612 65 Brno, Czech Republic
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, 117204 Masaryk University , Kamenice 5, CZ-625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Petra Ovesná
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, 117204 Masaryk University , Kamenice 5, CZ-625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Sova
- Platinum Pharmaceuticals, a.s., CZ Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Alena Hyršlová Vaculová
- Department of Cytokinetics, 86853 Institute of Biophysics of the Czech Academy of Sciences , Královopolská 135, CZ-612 65 Brno, Czech Republic
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2
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De Mel S, Lee AR, Tan JHI, Tan RZY, Poon LM, Chan E, Lee J, Chee YL, Lakshminarasappa SR, Jaynes PW, Jeyasekharan AD. Targeting the DNA damage response in hematological malignancies. Front Oncol 2024; 14:1307839. [PMID: 38347838 PMCID: PMC10859481 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1307839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Deregulation of the DNA damage response (DDR) plays a critical role in the pathogenesis and progression of many cancers. The dependency of certain cancers on DDR pathways has enabled exploitation of such through synthetically lethal relationships e.g., Poly ADP-Ribose Polymerase (PARP) inhibitors for BRCA deficient ovarian cancers. Though lagging behind that of solid cancers, DDR inhibitors (DDRi) are being clinically developed for haematological cancers. Furthermore, a high proliferative index characterize many such cancers, suggesting a rationale for combinatorial strategies targeting DDR and replicative stress. In this review, we summarize pre-clinical and clinical data on DDR inhibition in haematological malignancies and highlight distinct haematological cancer subtypes with activity of DDR agents as single agents or in combination with chemotherapeutics and targeted agents. We aim to provide a framework to guide the design of future clinical trials involving haematological cancers for this important class of drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjay De Mel
- Department of Haematology-Oncology, National University Cancer Institute, Singapore, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- NUS Center for Cancer Research (N2CR), Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Ainsley Ryan Lee
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Joelle Hwee Inn Tan
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Rachel Zi Yi Tan
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Li Mei Poon
- Department of Haematology-Oncology, National University Cancer Institute, Singapore, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
- NUS Center for Cancer Research (N2CR), Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Esther Chan
- Department of Haematology-Oncology, National University Cancer Institute, Singapore, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
- NUS Center for Cancer Research (N2CR), Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Joanne Lee
- Department of Haematology-Oncology, National University Cancer Institute, Singapore, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
- NUS Center for Cancer Research (N2CR), Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yen Lin Chee
- Department of Haematology-Oncology, National University Cancer Institute, Singapore, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
- NUS Center for Cancer Research (N2CR), Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Satish R. Lakshminarasappa
- Department of Anatomy, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Patrick William Jaynes
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Anand D. Jeyasekharan
- Department of Haematology-Oncology, National University Cancer Institute, Singapore, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- NUS Center for Cancer Research (N2CR), Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
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3
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Prognostication of DNA Damage Response Protein Expression Patterns in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24065481. [PMID: 36982555 PMCID: PMC10049670 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24065481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Proteomic DNA Damage Repair (DDR) expression patterns in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia were characterized by quantifying and clustering 24 total and phosphorylated DDR proteins. Overall, three protein expression patterns (C1-C3) were identified and were associated as an independent predictor of distinct patient overall survival outcomes. Patients within clusters C1 and C2 had poorer survival outcomes and responses to fludarabine, cyclophosphamide, and rituxan chemotherapy compared to patients within cluster C3. However, DDR protein expression patterns were not prognostic in more modern therapies with BCL2 inhibitors or a BTK/PI3K inhibitor. Individually, nine of the DDR proteins were prognostic for predicting overall survival and/or time to first treatment. When looking for other proteins that may be associated with or influenced by DDR expression patterns, our differential expression analysis found that cell cycle and adhesion proteins were lower in clusters compared to normal CD19 controls. In addition, cluster C3 had a lower expression of MAPK proteins compared to the poor prognostic patient clusters thus implying a potential regulatory connection between adhesion, cell cycle, MAPK, and DDR signaling in CLL. Thus, assessing the proteomic expression of DNA damage proteins in CLL provided novel insights for deciphering influences on patient outcomes and expanded our understanding of the potential complexities and effects of DDR cell signaling.
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Proteomic profiling based classification of CLL provides prognostication for modern therapy and identifies novel therapeutic targets. Blood Cancer J 2022; 12:43. [PMID: 35301276 PMCID: PMC8931092 DOI: 10.1038/s41408-022-00623-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Revised: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Protein expression for 384 total and post-translationally modified proteins was assessed in 871 CLL and MSBL patients and was integrated with clinical data to identify strategies for improving diagnostics and therapy, making this the largest CLL proteomics study to date. Proteomics identified six recurrent signatures that were highly prognostic of survival and time to first or second treatment at three levels: individual proteins, when grouped into 40 functionally related groups (PFGs), and systemically in signatures (SGs). A novel SG characterized by hairy cell leukemia like proteomics but poor therapy response was discovered. SG membership superseded other prognostic factors (Rai Staging, IGHV Status) and were prognostic for response to modern (BTK inhibition) and older CLL therapies. SGs and PFGs membership provided novel drug targets and defined optimal candidates for Watch and Wait vs. early intervention. Collectively proteomics demonstrates promise for improving classification, therapeutic strategy selection, and identifying novel therapeutic targets.
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5
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Kwok M, Agathanggelou A, Davies N, Stankovic T. Targeting the p53 Pathway in CLL: State of the Art and Future Perspectives. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:4681. [PMID: 34572908 PMCID: PMC8468925 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13184681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Revised: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The p53 pathway is a desirable therapeutic target, owing to its critical role in the maintenance of genome integrity. This is exemplified in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), one of the most common adult hematologic malignancies, in which functional loss of p53 arising from genomic aberrations are frequently associated with clonal evolution, disease progression, and therapeutic resistance, even in the contemporary era of CLL targeted therapy and immunotherapy. Targeting the 'undruggable' p53 pathway therefore arguably represents the holy grail of cancer research. In recent years, several strategies have been proposed to exploit p53 pathway defects for cancer treatment. Such strategies include upregulating wild-type p53, restoring tumor suppressive function in mutant p53, inducing synthetic lethality by targeting collateral genome maintenance pathways, and harnessing the immunogenicity of p53 pathway aberrations. In this review, we will examine the biological and clinical implications of p53 pathway defects, as well as our progress towards development of therapeutic approaches targeting the p53 pathway, specifically within the context of CLL. We will appraise the opportunities and pitfalls associated with these therapeutic strategies, and evaluate their place amongst the array of new biological therapies for CLL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marwan Kwok
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2SY, UK; (A.A.); (N.D.)
- Centre for Clinical Haematology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2SY, UK
| | - Angelo Agathanggelou
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2SY, UK; (A.A.); (N.D.)
| | - Nicholas Davies
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2SY, UK; (A.A.); (N.D.)
| | - Tatjana Stankovic
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2SY, UK; (A.A.); (N.D.)
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6
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Wurzer H, Filali L, Hoffmann C, Krecke M, Biolato AM, Mastio J, De Wilde S, François JH, Largeot A, Berchem G, Paggetti J, Moussay E, Thomas C. Intrinsic Resistance of Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Cells to NK Cell-Mediated Lysis Can Be Overcome In Vitro by Pharmacological Inhibition of Cdc42-Induced Actin Cytoskeleton Remodeling. Front Immunol 2021; 12:619069. [PMID: 34108958 PMCID: PMC8181408 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.619069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2020] [Accepted: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Natural killer (NK) cells are innate effector lymphocytes with strong antitumor effects against hematologic malignancies such as chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). However, NK cells fail to control CLL progression on the long term. For effective lysis of their targets, NK cells use a specific cell-cell interface, known as the immunological synapse (IS), whose assembly and effector function critically rely on dynamic cytoskeletal changes in NK cells. Here we explored the role of CLL cell actin cytoskeleton during NK cell attack. We found that CLL cells can undergo fast actin cytoskeleton remodeling which is characterized by a NK cell contact-induced accumulation of actin filaments at the IS. Such polarization of the actin cytoskeleton was strongly associated with resistance against NK cell-mediated cytotoxicity and reduced amounts of the cell-death inducing molecule granzyme B in target CLL cells. Selective pharmacological targeting of the key actin regulator Cdc42 abrogated the capacity of CLL cells to reorganize their actin cytoskeleton during NK cell attack, increased levels of transferred granzyme B and restored CLL cell susceptibility to NK cell cytotoxicity. This resistance mechanism was confirmed in primary CLL cells from patients. In addition, pharmacological inhibition of actin dynamics in combination with blocking antibodies increased conjugation frequency and improved CLL cell elimination by NK cells. Together our results highlight the critical role of CLL cell actin cytoskeleton in driving resistance against NK cell cytotoxicity and provide new potential therapeutic point of intervention to target CLL immune escape.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah Wurzer
- Cytoskeleton and Cancer Progression, Department of Oncology, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Luxembourg City, Luxembourg.,Faculty of Science, Technology and Medicine, University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Liza Filali
- Cytoskeleton and Cancer Progression, Department of Oncology, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Luxembourg City, Luxembourg
| | - Céline Hoffmann
- Cytoskeleton and Cancer Progression, Department of Oncology, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Luxembourg City, Luxembourg
| | - Max Krecke
- Cytoskeleton and Cancer Progression, Department of Oncology, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Luxembourg City, Luxembourg.,Faculty of Science, Technology and Medicine, University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Andrea Michela Biolato
- Cytoskeleton and Cancer Progression, Department of Oncology, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Luxembourg City, Luxembourg.,Faculty of Science, Technology and Medicine, University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Jérôme Mastio
- Cytoskeleton and Cancer Progression, Department of Oncology, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Luxembourg City, Luxembourg
| | - Sigrid De Wilde
- Department of Hemato-Oncology, Central Hospitalier du Luxembourg, Luxembourg City, Luxembourg
| | - Jean Hugues François
- Laboratory of Hematology, Centre Hospitalier de Luxembourg, Luxembourg City, Luxembourg
| | - Anne Largeot
- Tumor-Stroma Interactions, Department of Oncology, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Luxembourg City, Luxembourg
| | - Guy Berchem
- Department of Hemato-Oncology, Central Hospitalier du Luxembourg, Luxembourg City, Luxembourg.,Department of Oncology, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Luxembourg City, Luxembourg
| | - Jérôme Paggetti
- Tumor-Stroma Interactions, Department of Oncology, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Luxembourg City, Luxembourg
| | - Etienne Moussay
- Tumor-Stroma Interactions, Department of Oncology, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Luxembourg City, Luxembourg
| | - Clément Thomas
- Cytoskeleton and Cancer Progression, Department of Oncology, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Luxembourg City, Luxembourg
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7
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Katoueezadeh M, Pilehvari N, Fatemi A, Hassanshahi G, Torabizadeh SA. Inhibition of DNA damage response pathway using combination of DDR pathway inhibitors and radiation in treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukemia cells. Future Oncol 2021; 17:2803-2816. [PMID: 33960207 DOI: 10.2217/fon-2020-1072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
An alarming increase in acute lymphoblastic leukemia cases among children and adults has attracted the attention of researchers to discover new therapeutic strategies with a better prognosis. In cancer cells, the DNA damage response (DDR) pathway elements have been recognized to protect tumor cells from various stresses and cause tumor progression; targeting these DDR members is an attractive strategy for treatment of cancers. The inhibition of the DDR pathway in cancer cells for the treatment of cancers has recently been introduced. Hence, effective treatment strategies are needed for this purpose. Chemotherapy in combination with radiotherapy is considered a potential therapeutic strategy for acute leukemia. This review aims to assess the synergistic effects of these inhibitors with irradiation for the treatment of leukemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Katoueezadeh
- Department of Hematology & Medical Laboratory Science, Faculty of Allied Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, 7616911333, Iran
| | - Niloofar Pilehvari
- Department of Hematology & Medical Laboratory Science, Faculty of Allied Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, 7616911333, Iran
| | - Ahmad Fatemi
- Department of Hematology & Medical Laboratory Science, Faculty of Allied Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, 7616911333, Iran
| | - Gholamhossein Hassanshahi
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, 7718796755, Iran
| | - Seyedeh Atekeh Torabizadeh
- Pharmaceutics Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, 7616911319, Iran
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8
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Alhmoud JF, Mustafa AG, Malki MI. Targeting DNA Repair Pathways in Hematological Malignancies. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21197365. [PMID: 33036137 PMCID: PMC7582413 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21197365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Revised: 09/25/2020] [Accepted: 10/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
DNA repair plays an essential role in protecting cells that are repeatedly exposed to endogenous or exogenous insults that can induce varying degrees of DNA damage. Any defect in DNA repair mechanisms results in multiple genomic changes that ultimately may result in mutation, tumor growth, and/or cell apoptosis. Furthermore, impaired repair mechanisms can also lead to genomic instability, which can initiate tumorigenesis and development of hematological malignancy. This review discusses recent findings and highlights the importance of DNA repair components and the impact of their aberrations on hematological malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jehad F. Alhmoud
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Al-Ahliyya Amman University, Amman 19328, Jordan;
| | - Ayman G. Mustafa
- College of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, P. O. Box 2713 Doha, Qatar;
| | - Mohammed Imad Malki
- College of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, P. O. Box 2713 Doha, Qatar;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +97-44403-7847
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9
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Drápela S, Khirsariya P, van Weerden WM, Fedr R, Suchánková T, Búzová D, Červený J, Hampl A, Puhr M, Watson WR, Culig Z, Krejčí L, Paruch K, Souček K. The CHK1 inhibitor MU380 significantly increases the sensitivity of human docetaxel-resistant prostate cancer cells to gemcitabine through the induction of mitotic catastrophe. Mol Oncol 2020; 14:2487-2503. [PMID: 32579780 PMCID: PMC7530791 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.12756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2020] [Revised: 06/01/2020] [Accepted: 06/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
As treatment options for patients with incurable metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) are considerably limited, novel effective therapeutic options are needed. Checkpoint kinase 1 (CHK1) is a highly conserved protein kinase implicated in the DNA damage response (DDR) pathway that prevents the accumulation of DNA damage and controls regular genome duplication. CHK1 has been associated with prostate cancer (PCa) induction, progression, and lethality; hence, CHK1 inhibitors SCH900776 (also known as MK-8776) and the more effective SCH900776 analog MU380 may have clinical applications in the therapy of PCa. Synergistic induction of DNA damage with CHK1 inhibition represents a promising therapeutic approach that has been tested in many types of malignancies, but not in chemoresistant mCRPC. Here, we report that such therapeutic approach may be exploited using the synergistic action of the antimetabolite gemcitabine (GEM) and CHK1 inhibitors SCH900776 and MU380 in docetaxel-resistant (DR) mCRPC. Given the results, both CHK1 inhibitors significantly potentiated the sensitivity to GEM in a panel of chemo-naïve and matched DR PCa cell lines under 2D conditions. MU380 exhibited a stronger synergistic effect with GEM than clinical candidate SCH900776. MU380 alone or in combination with GEM significantly reduced spheroid size and increased apoptosis in all patient-derived xenograft 3D cultures, with a higher impact in DR models. Combined treatment induced premature mitosis from G1 phase resulting in the mitotic catastrophe as a prestage of apoptosis. Finally, treatment by MU380 alone, or in combination with GEM, significantly inhibited tumor growth of both PC339-DOC and PC346C-DOC xenograft models in mice. Taken together, our data suggest that metabolically robust and selective CHK1 inhibitor MU380 can bypass docetaxel resistance and improve the effectiveness of GEM in DR mCRPC models. This approach might allow for dose reduction of GEM and thereby minimize undesired toxicity and may represent a therapeutic option for patients with incurable DR mCRPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stanislav Drápela
- Department of Cytokinetics, Institute of Biophysics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic.,International Clinical Research Center, Center for Biomolecular and Cellular Engineering, St. Anne's University Hospital in Brno, Czech Republic.,Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Prashant Khirsariya
- International Clinical Research Center, Center for Biomolecular and Cellular Engineering, St. Anne's University Hospital in Brno, Czech Republic.,Department of Chemistry, CZ Openscreen, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Wytske M van Weerden
- Department of Urology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Radek Fedr
- Department of Cytokinetics, Institute of Biophysics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic.,International Clinical Research Center, Center for Biomolecular and Cellular Engineering, St. Anne's University Hospital in Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Tereza Suchánková
- Department of Cytokinetics, Institute of Biophysics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic.,International Clinical Research Center, Center for Biomolecular and Cellular Engineering, St. Anne's University Hospital in Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Diana Búzová
- Department of Adaptive Biotechnologies, Global Change Research Institute of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Červený
- Department of Adaptive Biotechnologies, Global Change Research Institute of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Aleš Hampl
- International Clinical Research Center, Center for Biomolecular and Cellular Engineering, St. Anne's University Hospital in Brno, Czech Republic.,Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Puhr
- Department of Urology, Experimental Urology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Austria
| | - William R Watson
- School of Medicine, Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Ireland
| | - Zoran Culig
- International Clinical Research Center, Center for Biomolecular and Cellular Engineering, St. Anne's University Hospital in Brno, Czech Republic.,Department of Urology, Experimental Urology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Lumír Krejčí
- International Clinical Research Center, Center for Biomolecular and Cellular Engineering, St. Anne's University Hospital in Brno, Czech Republic.,Department of Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic.,National Centre for Biomolecular Research, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Kamil Paruch
- International Clinical Research Center, Center for Biomolecular and Cellular Engineering, St. Anne's University Hospital in Brno, Czech Republic.,Department of Chemistry, CZ Openscreen, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Karel Souček
- Department of Cytokinetics, Institute of Biophysics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic.,International Clinical Research Center, Center for Biomolecular and Cellular Engineering, St. Anne's University Hospital in Brno, Czech Republic.,Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
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10
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ATR-CHK1 pathway as a therapeutic target for acute and chronic leukemias. Cancer Treat Rev 2020; 88:102026. [PMID: 32592909 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctrv.2020.102026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2019] [Revised: 04/20/2020] [Accepted: 04/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Progress in cancer therapy changed the outcome of many patients and moved therapy from chemotherapy agents to targeted drugs. Targeted drugs already changed the clinical practice in treatment of leukemias, such as imatinib (BCR/ABL inhibitor) in chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) and acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), ibrutinib (Bruton's tyrosine kinase inhibitor) in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), venetoclax (BCL2 inhibitor) in CLL and acute myeloid leukemia (AML) or midostaurin (FLT3 inhibitor) in AML. In this review, we focused on DNA damage response (DDR) inhibition, specifically on inhibition of ATR-CHK1 pathway. Cancer cells harbor often defects in different DDR pathways, which render them vulnerable to DDR inhibition. Some DDR inhibitors showed interesting single-agent activity even in the absence of cytotoxic drug especially in cancers with underlying defects in DDR or DNA replication. Almost no mutations were found in ATR and CHEK1 genes in leukemia patients. Together with the fact that ATR-CHK1 pathway is essential for cell development and survival of leukemia cells, it represents a promising therapeutic target for treatment of leukemia. ATR-CHK1 inhibition showed excellent results in preclinical testing in acute and chronic leukemias. However, results in clinical trials are so far insufficient. Therefore, the ongoing and future clinical trials will decide on the success of ATR/CHK1 inhibitors in clinical practice of leukemia treatment.
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11
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Lukášová E, Řezáčová M, Bačíková A, Šebejová L, Vávrová J, Kozubek S. Distinct cellular responses to replication stress leading to apoptosis or senescence. FEBS Open Bio 2019; 9:870-890. [PMID: 30982228 PMCID: PMC6487726 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.12632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2018] [Revised: 01/09/2019] [Accepted: 01/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Replication stress (RS) is a major driver of genomic instability and tumorigenesis. Here, we investigated whether RS induced by the nucleotide analog fludarabine and specific kinase inhibitors [e.g. targeting checkpoint kinase 1 (Chk1) or ataxia telangiectasia and Rad3‐related (ATR)] led to apoptosis or senescence in four cancer cell lines differing in TP53 mutation status and expression of lamin A/C (LA/C). RS resulted in uneven chromatin condensation in all cell types, as evidenced by the presence of metaphasic chromosomes with unrepaired DNA damage, as well as detection of less condensed chromatin in the same nucleus, frequent ultrafine anaphase bridges, and micronuclei. We observed that responses to these chromatin changes may be distinct in individual cell types, suggesting that expression of lamin A/C and lamin B1 (LB1) may play an important role in the transition of damaged cells to senescence. MCF7 mammary carcinoma cells harboring wild‐type p53 (WT‐p53) and LA/C responded to RS by transition to senescence with a significant reduction of lamin B receptor and LB1 proteins. In contrast, a lymphoid cancer cell line WSU‐NHL (WT‐p53) lacking LA/C and expressing low levels of LB1 died after several hours, while lines MEC‐1 and SU‐DHL‐4, both with mutated p53, and SU‐DHL‐4 with mutations in LA/C, died at different rates by apoptosis. Our results show that, in addition to being influenced by p53 mutation status, the response to RS (apoptosis or senescence) may also be influenced by lamin A/C and LB1 status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilie Lukášová
- Department of Cell Biology and Radiobiology, Institute of Biophysics, The Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Martina Řezáčová
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Králové, Charles University in Prague, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - Alena Bačíková
- Department of Cell Biology and Radiobiology, Institute of Biophysics, The Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Ludmila Šebejová
- Department of Internal Medicine - Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Brno and Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jiřina Vávrová
- Department of Radiobiology, Faculty of Military Health Sciences Hradec Králové, University of Defence Brno, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - Stanislav Kozubek
- Department of Cell Biology and Radiobiology, Institute of Biophysics, The Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic
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12
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Boudny M, Zemanova J, Khirsariya P, Borsky M, Verner J, Cerna J, Oltova A, Seda V, Mraz M, Jaros J, Jaskova Z, Spunarova M, Brychtova Y, Soucek K, Drapela S, Kasparkova M, Mayer J, Paruch K, Trbusek M. Novel CHK1 inhibitor MU380 exhibits significant single-agent activity in TP53-mutated chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells. Haematologica 2019; 104:2443-2455. [PMID: 30975914 PMCID: PMC6959166 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2018.203430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2018] [Accepted: 04/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction of small-molecule inhibitors of B-cell receptor signaling and BCL2 protein significantly improves therapeutic options in chronic lymphocytic leukemia. However, some patients suffer from adverse effects mandating treatment discontinuation, and cases with TP53 defects more frequently experience early progression of the disease. Development of alternative therapeutic approaches is, therefore, of critical importance. Here we report details of the anti-chronic lymphocytic leukemia single-agent activity of MU380, our recently identified potent, selective, and metabolically robust inhibitor of checkpoint kinase 1. We also describe a newly developed enantioselective synthesis of MU380, which allows preparation of gram quantities of the substance. Checkpoint kinase 1 is a master regulator of replication operating primarily in intra-S and G2/M cell cycle checkpoints. Initially tested in leukemia and lymphoma cell lines, MU380 significantly potentiated efficacy of gemcitabine, a clinically used inducer of replication stress. Moreover, MU380 manifested substantial single-agent activity in both TP53-wild type and TP53-mutated leukemia and lymphoma cell lines. In chronic lymphocytic leukemia-derived cell lines MEC-1, MEC-2 (both TP53-mut), and OSU-CLL (TP53-wt) the inhibitor impaired cell cycle progression and induced apoptosis. In primary clinical samples, MU380 used as a single-agent noticeably reduced the viability of unstimulated chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells as well as those induced to proliferate by anti-CD40/IL-4 stimuli. In both cases, effects were comparable in samples harboring p53 pathway dysfunction (TP53 mutations or ATM mutations) and TP53-wt/ATM-wt cells. Lastly, MU380 also exhibited significant in vivo activity in a xenotransplant mouse model (immunodeficient strain NOD-scid IL2Rγnull) where it efficiently suppressed growth of subcutaneous tumors generated from MEC-1 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miroslav Boudny
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Brno and Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University
| | - Jana Zemanova
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Brno and Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University
| | - Prashant Khirsariya
- Department of Chemistry, CZ Openscreen, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University.,Center of Biomolecular and Cellular Engineering, International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne's University Hospital
| | - Marek Borsky
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Brno and Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University
| | - Jan Verner
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Brno and Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University
| | - Jana Cerna
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Brno and Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University
| | - Alexandra Oltova
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Brno and Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University
| | - Vaclav Seda
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Brno and Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University.,Center of Molecular Medicine, Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University
| | - Marek Mraz
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Brno and Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University.,Center of Molecular Medicine, Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University
| | - Josef Jaros
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University
| | - Zuzana Jaskova
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Brno and Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University
| | - Michaela Spunarova
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Brno and Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University
| | - Yvona Brychtova
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Brno and Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University
| | - Karel Soucek
- Center of Biomolecular and Cellular Engineering, International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne's University Hospital.,Department of Cytokinetics, Institute of Biophysics CAS, v.v.i.,Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Stanislav Drapela
- Center of Biomolecular and Cellular Engineering, International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne's University Hospital.,Department of Cytokinetics, Institute of Biophysics CAS, v.v.i.,Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Marie Kasparkova
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Brno and Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University
| | - Jiri Mayer
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Brno and Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University
| | - Kamil Paruch
- Department of Chemistry, CZ Openscreen, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University .,Center of Biomolecular and Cellular Engineering, International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne's University Hospital
| | - Martin Trbusek
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Brno and Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University
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13
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miR-150 downregulation contributes to the high-grade transformation of follicular lymphoma by upregulating FOXP1 levels. Blood 2018; 132:2389-2400. [PMID: 30213873 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2018-06-855502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2018] [Accepted: 09/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Follicular lymphoma (FL) is a common indolent B-cell malignancy with a variable clinical course. An unfavorable event in its course is histological transformation to a high-grade lymphoma, typically diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Recent studies show that genetic aberrations of MYC or its overexpression are associated with FL transformation (tFL). However, the precise molecular mechanisms underlying tFL are unclear. Here we performed the first profiling of expression of microRNAs (miRNAs) in paired samples of FL and tFL and identified 5 miRNAs as being differentially expressed. We focused on one of these miRNAs, namely miR-150, which was uniformly downmodulated in all examined tFLs (∼3.5-fold), and observed that high levels of MYC are responsible for repressing miR-150 in tFL by binding in its upstream region. This MYC-mediated repression of miR-150 in B cells is not dependent on LIN28A/B proteins, which influence the maturation of miR-150 precursor (pri-miR-150) in myeloid cells. We also demonstrated that low miR-150 levels in tFL lead to upregulation of its target, namely FOXP1 protein, which is a known positive regulator of cell survival, as well as B-cell receptor and NF-κB signaling in malignant B cells. We revealed that low levels of miR-150 and high levels of its target, FOXP1, are associated with shorter overall survival in FL and suggest that miR-150 could serve as a good biomarker measurable in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue. Overall, our study demonstrates the role of the MYC/miR-150/FOXP1 axis in malignant B cells as a determinant of FL aggressiveness and its high-grade transformation.
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14
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Karantanos T, Moliterno AR. The roles of JAK2 in DNA damage and repair in the myeloproliferative neoplasms: Opportunities for targeted therapy. Blood Rev 2018; 32:426-432. [PMID: 29627078 DOI: 10.1016/j.blre.2018.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2017] [Revised: 03/03/2018] [Accepted: 03/27/2018] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
The JAK2V617F-positive myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN) serve as an excellent model for the study of genomic instability accumulation during cancer progression. Recent studies highlight the implication of JAK2 activating mutations in the development of DNA damage via reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, replication stress induction and the accumulation of genomic instability via the increased degradation of p53 and acquisition of a "mutagenic" phenotype. The accumulation of genomic instability and acquisition of mutations in critical DNA damage repair (DDR) mediators appears to be implicated in the progression of JAK2V617F-positive MPN. On the other hand, JAK2 signaling normally induces DDR through activation of repair mediators such as Chk1, RAD51 and RECQL5. These opposing effects on DNA integrity in the setting of JAK2V617F have significant clinical implications and have led to the introduction of novel combinational therapies for these diseases. The inhibition of MDM2 with Nutlin-3 improves the efficacy of IFN-α via decreased p53 degradation, the combination of hydroxyurea with Ruxolitinib, and their combination with PARP inhibitors have significant anti-tumor effects. A better understanding of the implication of JAK2 in the development and repair of DNA damage can improve our understanding of the biology of these neoplasms, meliorate the risk stratification of our patients and enrich our therapeutic armamentarium.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alison R Moliterno
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, USA.
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15
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Herůdková J, Paruch K, Khirsariya P, Souček K, Krkoška M, Vondálová Blanářová O, Sova P, Kozubík A, Hyršlová Vaculová A. Chk1 Inhibitor SCH900776 Effectively Potentiates the Cytotoxic Effects of Platinum-Based Chemotherapeutic Drugs in Human Colon Cancer Cells. Neoplasia 2017; 19:830-841. [PMID: 28888100 PMCID: PMC5591453 DOI: 10.1016/j.neo.2017.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2017] [Revised: 08/04/2017] [Accepted: 08/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Although Chk1 kinase inhibitors are currently under clinical investigation as effective cancer cell sensitizers to the cytotoxic effects of numerous chemotherapeutics, there is still a considerable uncertainty regarding their role in modulation of anticancer potential of platinum-based drugs. Here we newly demonstrate the ability of one of the most specific Chk1 inhibitors, SCH900776 (MK-8776), to enhance human colon cancer cell sensitivity to the cytotoxic effects of platinum(II) cisplatin and platinum(IV)- LA-12 complexes. The combined treatment with SCH900776 and cisplatin or LA-12 results in apparent increase in G1/S phase-related apoptosis, stimulation of mitotic slippage, and senescence of HCT116 cells. We further show that the cancer cell response to the drug combinations is significantly affected by the p21, p53, and PTEN status. In contrast to their wt counterparts, the p53- or p21-deficient cells treated with SCH900776 and cisplatin or LA-12 enter mitosis and become polyploid, and the senescence phenotype is strongly suppressed. While the cell death induced by SCH900776 and cisplatin or LA-12 is significantly delayed in the absence of p53, the anticancer action of the drug combinations is significantly accelerated in p21-deficient cells, which is associated with stimulation of apoptosis beyond G2/M cell cycle phase. We also show that cooperative killing action of the drug combinations in HCT116 cells is facilitated in the absence of PTEN. Our results indicate that SCH900776 may act as an important modulator of cytotoxic response triggered by platinum-based drugs in colon cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jarmila Herůdková
- Department of Cytokinetics, Institute of Biophysics, Czech Academy of Sciences, v.v.i., Brno, Czech Republic; Department of Animal Physiology and Immunology, Institute of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Kamil Paruch
- Department of Chemistry, CZ Openscreen, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic; Center of Biomolecular and Cellular Engineering, International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne's University Hospital Brno, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Prashant Khirsariya
- Department of Chemistry, CZ Openscreen, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic; Center of Biomolecular and Cellular Engineering, International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne's University Hospital Brno, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Karel Souček
- Department of Cytokinetics, Institute of Biophysics, Czech Academy of Sciences, v.v.i., Brno, Czech Republic; Department of Animal Physiology and Immunology, Institute of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic; Center of Biomolecular and Cellular Engineering, International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne's University Hospital Brno, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Krkoška
- Department of Cytokinetics, Institute of Biophysics, Czech Academy of Sciences, v.v.i., Brno, Czech Republic; Department of Animal Physiology and Immunology, Institute of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Olga Vondálová Blanářová
- Department of Cytokinetics, Institute of Biophysics, Czech Academy of Sciences, v.v.i., Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Sova
- Platinum Pharmaceuticals, a.s., Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Alois Kozubík
- Department of Cytokinetics, Institute of Biophysics, Czech Academy of Sciences, v.v.i., Brno, Czech Republic; Department of Animal Physiology and Immunology, Institute of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Alena Hyršlová Vaculová
- Department of Cytokinetics, Institute of Biophysics, Czech Academy of Sciences, v.v.i., Brno, Czech Republic.
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16
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Samadder P, Suchánková T, Hylse O, Khirsariya P, Nikulenkov F, Drápela S, Straková N, Vaňhara P, Vašíčková K, Kolářová H, Binó L, Bittová M, Ovesná P, Kollár P, Fedr R, Ešner M, Jaroš J, Hampl A, Krejčí L, Paruch K, Souček K. Synthesis and Profiling of a Novel Potent Selective Inhibitor of CHK1 Kinase Possessing Unusual N-trifluoromethylpyrazole Pharmacophore Resistant to Metabolic N-dealkylation. Mol Cancer Ther 2017; 16:1831-1842. [PMID: 28619751 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-17-0018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2017] [Revised: 05/21/2017] [Accepted: 06/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Checkpoint-mediated dependency of tumor cells can be deployed to selectively kill them without substantial toxicity to normal cells. Specifically, loss of CHK1, a serine threonine kinase involved in the surveillance of the G2-M checkpoint in the presence of replication stress inflicted by DNA-damaging drugs, has been reported to dramatically influence the viability of tumor cells. CHK1's pivotal role in maintaining genomic stability offers attractive opportunity for increasing the selectivity, effectivity, and reduced toxicity of chemotherapy. Some recently identified CHK1 inhibitors entered clinical trials in combination with DNA antimetabolites. Herein, we report synthesis and profiling of MU380, a nontrivial analogue of clinically profiled compound SCH900776 possessing the highly unusual N-trifluoromethylpyrazole motif, which was envisioned not to undergo metabolic oxidative dealkylation and thereby provide greater robustness to the compound. MU380 is a selective and potent inhibitor of CHK1 which sensitizes a variety of tumor cell lines to hydroxyurea or gemcitabine up to 10 times. MU380 shows extended inhibitory effects in cells, and unlike SCH900776, does not undergo in vivo N-dealkylation to the significantly less selective metabolite. Compared with SCH900776, MU380 in combination with GEM causes higher accumulation of DNA damage in tumor cells and subsequent enhanced cell death, and is more efficacious in the A2780 xenograft mouse model. Overall, MU380 represents a novel state-of-the-art CHK1 inhibitor with high potency, selectivity, and improved metabolic robustness to oxidative N-dealkylation. Mol Cancer Ther; 16(9); 1831-42. ©2017 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pounami Samadder
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic.,National Centre for Biomolecular Research, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic.,International Clinical Research Center, Center for Biomolecular and Cellular Engineering, St. Anne's University Hospital in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Tereza Suchánková
- Department of Cytokinetics, Institute of Biophysics CAS, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Ondřej Hylse
- Department of Chemistry, CZ Openscreen, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Prashant Khirsariya
- International Clinical Research Center, Center for Biomolecular and Cellular Engineering, St. Anne's University Hospital in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic.,Department of Chemistry, CZ Openscreen, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Fedor Nikulenkov
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic.,International Clinical Research Center, Center for Biomolecular and Cellular Engineering, St. Anne's University Hospital in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Stanislav Drápela
- Department of Cytokinetics, Institute of Biophysics CAS, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Nicol Straková
- International Clinical Research Center, Center for Biomolecular and Cellular Engineering, St. Anne's University Hospital in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic.,Department of Cytokinetics, Institute of Biophysics CAS, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Vaňhara
- International Clinical Research Center, Center for Biomolecular and Cellular Engineering, St. Anne's University Hospital in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic.,Institute of Biostatistics and Analyses, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Kateřina Vašíčková
- International Clinical Research Center, Center for Biomolecular and Cellular Engineering, St. Anne's University Hospital in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic.,Institute of Biostatistics and Analyses, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Hana Kolářová
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic.,National Centre for Biomolecular Research, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic.,International Clinical Research Center, Center for Biomolecular and Cellular Engineering, St. Anne's University Hospital in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Lucia Binó
- International Clinical Research Center, Center for Biomolecular and Cellular Engineering, St. Anne's University Hospital in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic.,Department of Cytokinetics, Institute of Biophysics CAS, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Miroslava Bittová
- International Clinical Research Center, Center for Biomolecular and Cellular Engineering, St. Anne's University Hospital in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic.,Department of Chemistry, CZ Openscreen, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Petra Ovesná
- Department of Cytokinetics, Institute of Biophysics CAS, Brno, Czech Republic.,Department of Human Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Peter Kollár
- Cellular Imaging Core Facility - CELLIM, CEITEC Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Radek Fedr
- International Clinical Research Center, Center for Biomolecular and Cellular Engineering, St. Anne's University Hospital in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic.,Department of Cytokinetics, Institute of Biophysics CAS, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Milan Ešner
- Institute of Biostatistics and Analyses, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic.,Cellular Imaging Core Facility - CELLIM, CEITEC Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Josef Jaroš
- International Clinical Research Center, Center for Biomolecular and Cellular Engineering, St. Anne's University Hospital in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic.,Institute of Biostatistics and Analyses, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Aleš Hampl
- International Clinical Research Center, Center for Biomolecular and Cellular Engineering, St. Anne's University Hospital in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic.,Institute of Biostatistics and Analyses, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Lumír Krejčí
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic. .,National Centre for Biomolecular Research, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic.,International Clinical Research Center, Center for Biomolecular and Cellular Engineering, St. Anne's University Hospital in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Kamil Paruch
- International Clinical Research Center, Center for Biomolecular and Cellular Engineering, St. Anne's University Hospital in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic. .,Department of Chemistry, CZ Openscreen, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Karel Souček
- International Clinical Research Center, Center for Biomolecular and Cellular Engineering, St. Anne's University Hospital in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic. .,Department of Cytokinetics, Institute of Biophysics CAS, Brno, Czech Republic.,Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
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17
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Ghelli Luserna di Rora’ A, Iacobucci I, Martinelli G. The cell cycle checkpoint inhibitors in the treatment of leukemias. J Hematol Oncol 2017; 10:77. [PMID: 28356161 PMCID: PMC5371185 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-017-0443-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2017] [Accepted: 03/15/2017] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The inhibition of the DNA damage response (DDR) pathway in the treatment of cancers has recently reached an exciting stage with several cell cycle checkpoint inhibitors that are now being tested in several clinical trials in cancer patients. Although the great amount of pre-clinical and clinical data are from the solid tumor experience, only few studies have been done on leukemias using specific cell cycle checkpoint inhibitors. This review aims to summarize the most recent data found on the biological mechanisms of the response to DNA damages highlighting the role of the different elements of the DDR pathway in normal and cancer cells and focusing on the main genetic alteration or aberrant gene expression that has been found on acute and chronic leukemias. This review, for the first time, outlines the most important pre-clinical and clinical data available on the efficacy of cell cycle checkpoint inhibitors in single agent and in combination with different agents normally used for the treatment of acute and chronic leukemias.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - I. Iacobucci
- Department of Hematology and Medical Sciences “L. and A. Seràgnoli”, Bologna University, Bologna, Italy
- Present: Department of Pathology, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN USA
| | - G. Martinelli
- Department of Hematology and Medical Sciences “L. and A. Seràgnoli”, Bologna University, Bologna, Italy
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