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Heishima K, Sugito N, Abe C, Hirata A, Sakai H, Akao Y. Targeting microRNA-145-mediated progressive phenotypes of early bladder cancer in a molecularly defined in vivo model. MOLECULAR THERAPY. NUCLEIC ACIDS 2023; 33:960-982. [PMID: 37727442 PMCID: PMC10505924 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2023.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
A progressive subclass of early-stage non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) frequently recurs and progress into invasive carcinoma, thus decreasing the overall survival rate of NMIBC. However, therapeutic development for progressive NMIBC has been challenging due to the lack of molecularly validated in vivo models and agents targeting its genetic vulnerability. We herein molecularly characterized an interventional model of progressive NMIBC and revealed the principal functions and therapeutic potential of microRNA-145 (miR-145) in early bladder tumorigenesis. N-butyl-N-(4-hydroxybutyl)nitrosamine-induced premalignant lesions (BiPLs) in rats exhibited downregulated expression of miR-145 as well as highly similar mutation/expression profiles to those of the human progressive NMIBC subclass with the worst prognosis. The expression patterns of miR-145 inversely correlated with those of BC-related oncogenes in BiPLs. We also demonstrated that miR-145 dominantly regulated interferon pathways and c-Myc expression, which play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of progressive NMIBC. Furthermore, we demonstrated that miR-145 replacement with a novel miR-145-based intravesical agent (miR-145S1) significantly inhibited the progression of BiPLs in vivo. These results provide insights into the essential role of miR-145 as the earliest-acting oncogenic driver of bladder tumorigenesis as well as a validated interventional model and novel miR-145-based nucleic acid therapeutic agent for progressive NMIBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuki Heishima
- The United Graduate School of Drug Discovery and Medical Information Sciences, Gifu University, Gifu, Gifu, Japan
- Institute for Advanced Study (GUiAS), Gifu University, Gifu, Gifu, Japan
- Center for One Medicine Innovative Translational Research (COMIT), Gifu University, Gifu, Gifu, Japan
| | - Nobuhiko Sugito
- The United Graduate School of Drug Discovery and Medical Information Sciences, Gifu University, Gifu, Gifu, Japan
| | - Chikara Abe
- Department of Physiology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Gifu, Japan
| | - Akihiro Hirata
- Center for One Medicine Innovative Translational Research (COMIT), Gifu University, Gifu, Gifu, Japan
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Joint Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Applied Biological Sciences, Gifu University, Gifu, Gifu, Japan
| | - Hiroki Sakai
- Center for One Medicine Innovative Translational Research (COMIT), Gifu University, Gifu, Gifu, Japan
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Joint Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Applied Biological Sciences, Gifu University, Gifu, Gifu, Japan
| | - Yukihiro Akao
- The United Graduate School of Drug Discovery and Medical Information Sciences, Gifu University, Gifu, Gifu, Japan
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2
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El Ahanidi H, El Azzouzi M, Hafidi Alaoui C, Tetou M, Bensaid M, Chaoui I, Benbacer L, Hassan I, Oukabli M, Michaud K, Ameur A, Al Bouzidi A, El Mzibri M, Jandus C, Attaleb M. Immune Checkpoint and Telomerase Crosstalk Is Mediated by miRNA-138 in Bladder Cancer. Front Oncol 2022; 11:795242. [PMID: 35223454 PMCID: PMC8874320 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.795242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Tumor recurrence and progression in non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC), therapy failure, and severe side effects in muscle invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) are the major challenges in the clinical management of bladder cancer (BC). Here, we identify new molecular targetable signatures to improve BC patients’ stratification and the outcome of current immunotherapies. Material and Methods In a prospective cohort of 70 BC patients, we assessed the genetic and molecular regulation of TERT in maintaining telomere length in parallel to immune checkpoint and microRNA expression. Results TERT was undetectable in healthy bladder tissues but upregulated in invasive BC stages and high tumor grade. Its expression was linked with the combined effect of the C250T mutation and THOR hypermethylation, associated with progressing tumors and maintaining of telomere length. In the same cohort, PD-L1 scored highest in NMIBC, while PD-L2 was upregulated in MIBC. We also show that miR-100-5p and 138-5p were highly expressed in healthy bladder specimens and cell line, while expression decreased in the BC tissues and BC cell lines. In line with the binding prediction for these miRNAs on target genes, miRs 100-5p and 138-5p expression strongly inverse correlated with TERT, PD-L1, and PD-L2 expression, but not PD1. Conclusion We identify a loop involving TERT, PD1-ligands, and miR-138-5p in BC, that might represent not only a useful biomarker for improved diagnosis and patients’ stratification but also as a promising axis that might be therapeutically targeted in situ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hajar El Ahanidi
- Biology and Medical Research Unit, Centre National de l'Energie, des Sciences et Techniques Nucleaires (CNESTEN), Rabat, Morocco
- Rabat Medical and Pharmacy School, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat, Morocco
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Meryem El Azzouzi
- Biology and Medical Research Unit, Centre National de l'Energie, des Sciences et Techniques Nucleaires (CNESTEN), Rabat, Morocco
- Rabat Medical and Pharmacy School, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Chaimae Hafidi Alaoui
- Biology and Medical Research Unit, Centre National de l'Energie, des Sciences et Techniques Nucleaires (CNESTEN), Rabat, Morocco
- Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Mohammed Tetou
- Rabat Medical and Pharmacy School, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat, Morocco
- Military Hospital Mohammed V, Rabat, Morocco
| | | | - Imane Chaoui
- Biology and Medical Research Unit, Centre National de l'Energie, des Sciences et Techniques Nucleaires (CNESTEN), Rabat, Morocco
| | - Laila Benbacer
- Biology and Medical Research Unit, Centre National de l'Energie, des Sciences et Techniques Nucleaires (CNESTEN), Rabat, Morocco
| | - Ilias Hassan
- Rabat Medical and Pharmacy School, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat, Morocco
- Military Hospital Mohammed V, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Mohamed Oukabli
- Rabat Medical and Pharmacy School, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat, Morocco
- Military Hospital Mohammed V, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Katarzyna Michaud
- University Center of Legal Medicine Lausanne-Geneva, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Ahmed Ameur
- Biology and Medical Research Unit, Centre National de l'Energie, des Sciences et Techniques Nucleaires (CNESTEN), Rabat, Morocco
- Military Hospital Mohammed V, Rabat, Morocco
| | | | - Mohammed El Mzibri
- Biology and Medical Research Unit, Centre National de l'Energie, des Sciences et Techniques Nucleaires (CNESTEN), Rabat, Morocco
| | - Camilla Jandus
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Lausanne Branch, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Mohammed Attaleb
- Biology and Medical Research Unit, Centre National de l'Energie, des Sciences et Techniques Nucleaires (CNESTEN), Rabat, Morocco
- *Correspondence: Mohammed Attaleb, ;
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3
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Liu Y, Liu X, Lin C, Jia X, Zhu H, Song J, Zhang Y. Noncoding RNAs regulate alternative splicing in Cancer. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2021; 40:11. [PMID: 33407694 PMCID: PMC7789004 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-020-01798-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 12/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
AS (alternative splicing) is a fundamental process by which a gene can generate multiple distinct mRNA transcripts to increase protein diversity. Defects in AS influence the occurrence and development of many diseases, including cancers, and are frequently found to participate in various aspects of cancer biology, such as promoting invasion, metastasis, apoptosis resistance and drug resistance. NcRNAs (noncoding RNAs) are an abundant class of RNAs that do not encode proteins. NcRNAs include miRNAs (microRNAs), lncRNAs (long noncoding RNAs), circRNAs (circular RNAs) and snRNAs (small nuclear RNAs) and have been proven to act as regulatory molecules that mediate cancer processes through AS. NcRNAs can directly or indirectly influence a plethora of molecular targets to regulate cis-acting elements, trans-acting factors, or pre-mRNA transcription at multiple levels, affecting the AS process and generating alternatively spliced isoforms. Consequently, ncRNA-mediated AS outcomes affect multiple cellular signaling pathways that promote or suppress cancer progression. In this review, we summarize the current mechanisms by which ncRNAs regulate AS in cancers and discuss their potential clinical applications as biomarkers and therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunze Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221000, China
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221000, China
| | - Xin Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221000, China
| | - Changwei Lin
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, the Third XiangYa Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China
| | - Xianhong Jia
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221000, China
| | - Hongmei Zhu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221000, China
| | - Jun Song
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221000, China.
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221000, China.
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4
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Toden S, Zumwalt TJ, Goel A. Non-coding RNAs and potential therapeutic targeting in cancer. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2021; 1875:188491. [PMID: 33316377 PMCID: PMC7856203 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2020.188491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2020] [Revised: 12/02/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Recent advances have begun to clarify the physiological and pathological roles of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) in various diseases, including cancer. Among these, microRNAs (miRNAs) have been the most studied and have emerged as key players that are involved in the regulation of important growth regulatory pathways in cancer pathogenesis. The ability of a single ncRNA to modulate the expression of multiple downstream gene targets and associated pathways, have provided a rationale to pursue them for therapeutic drug development in cancer. In this context, early data from pre-clinical studies have demonstrated that synthetic miRNA-based therapeutic molecules, along with various protective coating approaches, has allowed for their efficient delivery and anti-tumor activity. In fact, some of the miRNA-based cancer therapeutic strategies have shown promising results even in early-phase human clinical trials. While the enthusiasm for ncRNA-based cancer therapeutics continue to evolve, the field is still in the midst of unraveling a more precise understanding of the molecular mechanisms and specific downstream therapeutic targets of other lesser studied ncRNAs such as the long-non-coding RNAs, transfer RNAs, circular RNAs, small nucleolar RNAs, and piwi-interacting RNAs. This review article provides the current state of knowledge and the evolving principles for ncRNA-based therapeutic approaches in cancer, and specifically highlights the importance of data to date and the approaches that are being developed to overcome the challenges associated with their delivery and mitigating the off-target effects in human cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shusuke Toden
- Center for Gastrointestinal Research; Center for Translational Genomics and Oncology, Baylor Scott & White Research Institute and Charles A. Sammons Cancer Center, Baylor Research Institute and Sammons Cancer Center, Baylor University Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Timothy J Zumwalt
- Center for Gastrointestinal Research; Center for Translational Genomics and Oncology, Baylor Scott & White Research Institute and Charles A. Sammons Cancer Center, Baylor Research Institute and Sammons Cancer Center, Baylor University Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Ajay Goel
- Center for Gastrointestinal Research; Center for Translational Genomics and Oncology, Baylor Scott & White Research Institute and Charles A. Sammons Cancer Center, Baylor Research Institute and Sammons Cancer Center, Baylor University Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA; Department of Molecular Diagnostics and Experimental Therapeutics, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte, CA, USA.
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5
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Taniguchi K, Wada SI, Ito Y, Hayashi J, Inomata Y, Lee SW, Tanaka T, Komura K, Akao Y, Urata H, Uchiyama K. α-Aminoisobutyric Acid-Containing Amphipathic Helical Peptide-Cyclic RGD Conjugation as a Potential Drug Delivery System for MicroRNA Replacement Therapy in Vitro. Mol Pharm 2019; 16:4542-4550. [PMID: 31596588 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.9b00680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Replacement therapy with tumor suppressive microRNA (TS-miRNA) might be the next-generation oligonucleotide therapy; however, a novel drug delivery system (DDS) is required. Recently, we developed the cell-penetrating peptide, model amphipathic peptide with α-aminoisobutyric acid (MAP(Aib)), as a carrier for oligonucleotide delivery to cells. In this study, we examined whether a modified MAP(Aib) analogue, MAP(Aib)-cRGD, could be a DDS for TS-miRNA replacement therapy. MIR145-5p, a representative TS-miRNA especially in colorectal cancer, was selected. The MAP(Aib)-cRGD dose was adjusted for MIR145-5p delivery to cells using peripheral blood mononuclear cells and degradation analysis. AlexaFluor488-labeled MIR145-5p incorporation into cells and negative regulation of MIR145-5p-targeting genes demonstrated MAP(Aib)-cRGD's functionality as a miRNA DDS. Treating MIR145-5p with MAP(Aib)-cRGD also revealed various anticancer effects, such as cell viability, invasion inhibition, and apoptosis induction in WiDr cells. Altogether, these findings suggest that MAP(Aib)-cRGD could be a DDS for TS-miRNA replacement therapy, but in vivo investigations are required.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Shun-Ichi Wada
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry , Osaka University of Pharmaceutical Sciences , 4-20-1 Nasahara , Takatsuki , Osaka 569-1094 , Japan
| | | | - Junsuke Hayashi
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry , Osaka University of Pharmaceutical Sciences , 4-20-1 Nasahara , Takatsuki , Osaka 569-1094 , Japan
| | | | | | | | | | - Yukihiro Akao
- United Graduate School of Drug Discovery and Medical Information Sciences , Gifu University , 1-1 Yanagido , Gifu 501-1193 , Japan
| | - Hidehito Urata
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry , Osaka University of Pharmaceutical Sciences , 4-20-1 Nasahara , Takatsuki , Osaka 569-1094 , Japan
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7
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Liu X, Wu Y, Zhou Z, Huang M, Deng W, Wang Y, Zhou X, Chen L, Li Y, Zeng T, Wang G, Fu B. Celecoxib inhibits the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in bladder cancer via the miRNA-145/TGFBR2/Smad3 axis. Int J Mol Med 2019; 44:683-693. [PMID: 31198976 PMCID: PMC6605707 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2019.4241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2019] [Accepted: 06/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Celecoxib, a selective cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor, has chemo-preventive activity against different cancer types, including bladder cancer (BC). However, the mechanisms by which celecoxib exerts its cancer preventative effects have yet to be completely understood. In the present study, the effect of celecoxib on the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of BC cells and its potential molecular mechanisms were investigated. The results of the present study demonstrated that celecoxib inhibited the proliferation, migration, invasion and EMT of BC cells. Further investigation of the underlying mechanism revealed that celecoxib inhibited EMT by upregulating microRNA (miR)-145 and downregulating the expression of transforming growth factor β receptor 2 and SMAD family member 3. Furthermore, the combination of celecoxib with miR-145 mimics demonstrated an additive migration and invasion-inhibitory effect in BC cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqiang Liu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Yanlong Wu
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, The People's Hospital of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Zhengtao Zhou
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Mingchuan Huang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Wen Deng
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Yibing Wang
- Department of Emergency, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Xiaochen Zhou
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Luyao Chen
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Yu Li
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Tao Zeng
- Department of Urology, The People's Hospital of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Gongxian Wang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Bin Fu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
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8
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Lin JF, Tsai TF, Lin YC, Chen HE, Chou KY, Hwang TIS. Benzyl isothiocyanate suppresses IGF1R, FGFR3 and mTOR expression by upregulation of miR-99a-5p in human bladder cancer cells. Int J Oncol 2019; 54:2106-2116. [PMID: 30942430 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2019.4763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2018] [Accepted: 11/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Benzyl isothiocyanate (BITC) is known for its pharmacological properties against malignant neoplasm, including bladder cancer (BC). The current study investigated microRNAs (miRNA or miR) expression profiles with an emphasis on the role of miR‑99a‑5p in BITC‑treated BC cells. A quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) microarray containing 79 aberrantly expressed miRNAs in BC was used to detect miRNA expression in BITC‑treated cells. Several dysregulated miRNAs were identified and further confirmed using miRNA stem‑loop reverse transcription (RT)‑qPCR in 5637 cells. Insulin‑like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF1R), fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 (FGFR3) and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) expression were determined by RT‑qPCR and western blotting. Cell viability was evaluated using WST‑1 reagent and apoptosis was monitored by determining the levels of cleaved‑poly ADP‑ribose polymerase and cleaved‑caspase‑3. BITC treatment significantly upregulated miR‑99a‑5p levels in a dose‑dependent manner. miR‑99a‑5p overexpression decreased IGF1R, mTOR and FGFR3 expression, predicted targets of miR‑99a‑5p. In addition, antisense miR‑99a‑5p sequences inhibited BITC‑induced miR‑99a‑5p overexpression, resulting in the restoration of protein expression and decreased cell viability. The current study identified multiple miRNAs responsive to BITC treatment, including miR‑99a‑5p. In addition, the induction of miR‑99a‑5p decreased IGF1R, mTOR and FGFR3 expression in BITC‑treated BC cells. The current study provided novel insight into the antitumor mechanism by which BITC restores miR‑99a‑5p expression and decreases cancer cell survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Fan Lin
- Central Laboratory, Shin-Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Hospital, Taipei 111, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Te-Fu Tsai
- Division of Urology, School of Medicine, Fu-Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 242, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Yi-Chia Lin
- Division of Urology, School of Medicine, Fu-Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 242, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Hung-En Chen
- Division of Urology, School of Medicine, Fu-Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 242, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Kuang-Yu Chou
- Division of Urology, School of Medicine, Fu-Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 242, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Thomas I-Sheng Hwang
- Division of Urology, School of Medicine, Fu-Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 242, Taiwan, R.O.C
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9
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Yoshikawa Y, Taniguchi K, Tsujino T, Heishima K, Inamoto T, Takai T, Minami K, Azuma H, Miyata K, Hayashi K, Kataoka K, Akao Y. Anti-cancer Effects of a Chemically Modified miR-143 on Bladder Cancer by Either Systemic or Intravesical Treatment. MOLECULAR THERAPY-METHODS & CLINICAL DEVELOPMENT 2019; 13:290-302. [PMID: 30911586 PMCID: PMC6416526 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtm.2019.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2019] [Accepted: 02/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
We developed a novel chemically modified miR-143 (miR-143#12), and with it we investigated the contribution of miR-143 to the pathogenesis of bladder cancer (BC), in which miR-143 is extremely downregulated. Since miR-143 silenced K-RAS and RAS effector-signaling molecules Erk and Akt, we performed the ectopic expression of miR-143 in human BC 253J-BV cells, and we examined the growth inhibition and the mechanism of it in vitro and in orthotopic model mice. As a result, miR-143#12 induced a marked growth inhibition with apoptosis through impairing RAS-signaling networks, including SOS1, which exchanges guanosine diphosphate (GDP)/RAS for active guanosine triphosphate (GTP)/RAS. In the in vivo study, miR-143#12 exhibited a marked anti-tumor activity by either systemic or intravesical administration with polyionic copolymer (PIC) as the carrier, compared with the activity obtained by use of lipofection. These findings raised the possibility that the chemically modified miR-143#12 would be a candidate of microRNA (miRNA) medicine for BC delivered by intravesical infusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Yoshikawa
- United Graduate School of Drug Discovery and Medical Information Sciences, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu 501-1193, Japan.,Department of Urology, Osaka Medical College, 2-7 Daigaku-machi, Takatsuki, Osaka 569-8686, Japan
| | - Kohei Taniguchi
- Translational Research Program, Osaka Medical College, 2-7 Daigaku-machi, Takatsuki, Osaka 569-8686, Japan
| | - Takuya Tsujino
- United Graduate School of Drug Discovery and Medical Information Sciences, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu 501-1193, Japan.,Department of Urology, Osaka Medical College, 2-7 Daigaku-machi, Takatsuki, Osaka 569-8686, Japan
| | - Kazuki Heishima
- United Graduate School of Drug Discovery and Medical Information Sciences, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu 501-1193, Japan
| | - Teruo Inamoto
- Department of Urology, Osaka Medical College, 2-7 Daigaku-machi, Takatsuki, Osaka 569-8686, Japan
| | - Tomoaki Takai
- United Graduate School of Drug Discovery and Medical Information Sciences, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu 501-1193, Japan.,Department of Urology, Osaka Medical College, 2-7 Daigaku-machi, Takatsuki, Osaka 569-8686, Japan
| | - Koichiro Minami
- United Graduate School of Drug Discovery and Medical Information Sciences, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu 501-1193, Japan.,Department of Urology, Osaka Medical College, 2-7 Daigaku-machi, Takatsuki, Osaka 569-8686, Japan
| | - Haruhito Azuma
- Department of Urology, Osaka Medical College, 2-7 Daigaku-machi, Takatsuki, Osaka 569-8686, Japan
| | - Kanjiro Miyata
- Department of Materials Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - Kotaro Hayashi
- Inovation Center of NanoMedicine, Kawasaki Institute of Industrial Promotion, 3-25-14 Tonomachi, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki 210-0821, Japan
| | - Kazunori Kataoka
- Inovation Center of NanoMedicine, Kawasaki Institute of Industrial Promotion, 3-25-14 Tonomachi, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki 210-0821, Japan.,Policy Alternatives Research Institute, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Yukihiro Akao
- United Graduate School of Drug Discovery and Medical Information Sciences, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu 501-1193, Japan
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10
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Regulatory mechanisms of miR-145 expression and the importance of its function in cancer metastasis. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 109:195-207. [PMID: 30396077 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.10.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2018] [Revised: 10/05/2018] [Accepted: 10/09/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs are post-transcriptional mediators of gene expression and regulation, which play influential roles in tumorigenesis and cancer metastasis. The expression of tumor suppressor miR-145 is reduced in various cancer cell lines, containing both solid tumors and blood malignancies. However, the responsible mechanisms of its down-regulation are a complicated network. miR-145 is potentially able to inhbit tumor cell metastasis by targeting of multiple oncogenes, including MUC1, FSCN1, Vimentin, Cadherin, Fibronectin, Metadherin, GOLM1, ARF6, SMAD3, MMP11, Snail1, ZEB1/2, HIF-1α and Rock-1. This distinctive role of miR-145 in the regulation of metastasis-related gene expression may introduce miR-145 as an ideal candidate for controlling of cancer metastasis by miRNA replacement therapy. The present review aims to discuss the current understanding of the different aspects of molecular mechanisms of miR-145 regulation as well as its role in r metastasis regulation.
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11
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Sun M, Zhao W, Chen Z, Li M, Li S, Wu B, Bu R. Circ_0058063 regulates CDK6 to promote bladder cancer progression by sponging miR-145-5p. J Cell Physiol 2018; 234:4812-4824. [PMID: 30362519 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.27280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2018] [Accepted: 07/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The study was aimed to investigate the influence of circ_0058063 on tumorigenesis as well as the regulatory mechanism of circ_0058063/miR-145-5p/ CDK6 pathway in bladder cancer (BC). METHODS Bioinformatics analysis was used to screen highly expressed circle RNA (circRNA) and search its downstream microRNA (miRNA) and protein. The expression level of circRNA, miRNA, and CDK6 in BC cell lines T24 and J82 were determined by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and western blot. Small interfering RNA was used to downregulate circ_0058063 expression. Cell proliferation, cell cycle, cell apoptosis, and cell migration of T24 cells and J82 cells were detected through MTT assay, flow cytometry, and wound-healing assay, respectively. The relationships among miR-145-5p, circ_0058063, and CDK6 were confirmed through dual luciferase reporter assay. In vivo experiment was also performed to explore the impact of circ_0058063/miR-145-5p/ CDK6 pathway on tumorigenesis in BALB/c nude mice. RESULTS Circ_0058063 was significantly overexpressed in BC tissues. The downregulation of circ_0058063 impaired BC cell proliferation and migration ability but improved cell apoptosis ability. Circ_0058063 repressed miR-145-5p, which inhibited the expression of CDK6. Downregulation of circ_0058063 or miR-145-5p transfection contributed to more cells arresting in G0/G1 stage. MiR-145-5p suppressed cell growth and migration ability in BC, whereas CDK6 exerted the opposite influence on these cellular events. In vivo experiment also indicated that tumor development in BALB/c nude mice was repressed remarkably when circ_0058063 was downregulated. CONCLUSION Circ_0058063 acted as a sponge of miR-145-5p to promote BC progression by regulating CDK6 expression, which provided some potential targets for BC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Sun
- Department of Urology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Wenyan Zhao
- Department of General Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Zhaofu Chen
- Department of Urology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Ming Li
- Department of Urology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Shuqiang Li
- Department of General Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Bin Wu
- Department of Urology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Renge Bu
- Department of Urology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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12
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A Panel of MicroRNA Signature as a Tool for Predicting Survival of Patients with Urothelial Carcinoma of the Bladder. DISEASE MARKERS 2018; 2018:5468672. [PMID: 30026881 PMCID: PMC6031086 DOI: 10.1155/2018/5468672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2017] [Accepted: 05/07/2018] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Introduction and Objectives MicroRNA (miRNA) expression is altered in urologic malignancies, including urothelial carcinoma of the bladder (UCB). Individual miRNAs have been shown to modulate multiple signaling pathways that contribute to BC. To identify a panel of miRNA signature that can predict aggressive phenotype from normal nonaggressive counterpart using miRNA expression levels and to assess the prognostic value of this specific miRNA markers in patients with UCB. Methods To determine candidate miRNAs as prognostic biomarkers for dividing aggressive type of UCB, miRNA expression was profiled in patients' samples with an aggressive phenotype or nonaggressive phenotype using 3D-Gene miRNA labeling kit (Toray, Japan). To create a prognostic index model, we used the panel of 9-miRNA signature based on Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) data portal (TCGA Data Portal (https://tcgadata.nci.nih.gov/tcga/tcgaHome2.jsp)). miRNA expression data and corresponding clinical data, including outcome and staging information of 84 UCB patients, were obtained. The Kaplan-Meier and log-rank test were performed to quantify the survival functions in two groups. Results Deregulation of nine miRNAs (hsa-miR-99a-5p, hsa-miR-100-5p, hsa-miR-125b-5p, hsa-miR-145-5p, hsa-miR-4324, hsa-miR-34b-5p, hsa-miR-29c-3p, hsa-miR-135a-3p, and hsa-miR-33b-3p) was determined in UCB patients with aggressive phenotype compared with nonaggressive subject. To validate the prognostic power of the nine-signature miRNAs using the TCGA dataset of bladder cancer, the survival status and tumor miRNA expression of all 84 TCGA UCB patients were ranked according to the prognostic score values. Of nine miRNAs, six were associated with high risk (hsa-miR-99a-5p, hsa-miR-100-5p, hsa-miR-125b-5p, hsa-miR-4324, hsa-miR-34b-5p, and hsa-miR-135a-3p) and three were shown to be protective (hsa-miR-145-5p, hsa-miR-29c-3p, and hsa-miR-33b-3p). Patients with the high-risk miRNA signature exhibited poorer OS than patients expressing the low-risk miRNA profile (HR = 7.05, p < 0.001). Conclusions The miRNA array identified nine dysregulated miRNAs from clinical samples. This panel of nine-miRNA signature provides predictive and prognostic value of patients with UCB.
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13
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Taniguchi K, Sugito N, Shinohara H, Kuranaga Y, Inomata Y, Komura K, Uchiyama K, Akao Y. Organ-Specific MicroRNAs ( MIR122, 137, and 206) Contribute to Tissue Characteristics and Carcinogenesis by Regulating Pyruvate Kinase M1/2 ( PKM) Expression. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:E1276. [PMID: 29695138 PMCID: PMC5983799 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19051276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2018] [Revised: 04/16/2018] [Accepted: 04/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Pyruvate kinase is known as the glycolytic enzyme catalyzing the final step in glycolysis. In mammals, two different forms of it exist, i.e., pyruvate kinase M1/2 (PKM) and pyruvate kinase L/R (PKLR). Also, PKM has two isoforms, i.e., PKM1 and PKM2. These genes have tissue-specific distribution. Namely, PKM1 is distributed in high-energy-demanding organs, such as brain and muscle. Also, PKM2 is distributed in various other organs, such as the colon. On the other hand, PKLR is distributed in liver and red blood cells (RBCs). Interestingly, PKM2 has been recognized as one of the essential genes for the cancer-specific energy metabolism termed the “Warburg effect”. However, the mechanism(s) underlying this fact have remained largely unclear. Recently, we found that some organ-specific microRNAs (miRNAs, MIR) regulate PKM isoform expression through direct targeting of polypyrimidine tract binding protein 1 (PTBP1), which is the splicer responsible for PKM2-dominant expression. In this study, we examined whether this machinery was conserved in the case of other PTBP1- and PKM-targeting miRNAs. We focused on the MIRs 122, 137, and 206, and investigated the expression profiles of each of these miRNAs in tissues from mouse and human organs. Also, we examined the regulatory mechanisms of PKM isoform expression by testing each of these miRNAs in human cancer cell lines. Presently, we found that brain-specific MIR137 and muscle-specific MIR206 predominantly induced PKM1 expression through direct targeting of PTBP1. Also, liver-specific MIR122 suppressed the expression of both PKM1 and PKM2, which action occurred through direct targeting of PKM to enable the expression of PKLR. Moreover, the expression levels of these miRNAs were downregulated in cancer cells that had originated from these tissues, resulting in PKM2 dominance. Our results suggest that the organ-specific distribution of miRNAs is one of the principal means by which miRNA establishes characteristics of a tissue and that dysregulation of these miRNAs results in cancer development through a change in the ratio of PKM isoform expression. Also, our results contribute to cancer diagnosis and will be useful for cancer-specific therapy for the Warburg effect in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kohei Taniguchi
- Department of General and Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka Medical College, 2-7 Daigaku-Machi, Takatsuki, Osaka 569-8686, Japan.
- Translational Research Program, Osaka Medical College, 2-7 Daigaku-Machi, Takatsuki, Osaka 569-8686, Japan.
| | - Nobuhiko Sugito
- United Graduate School of Drug Discovery and Medical Information Sciences, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu 501-1193, Japan.
| | - Haruka Shinohara
- United Graduate School of Drug Discovery and Medical Information Sciences, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu 501-1193, Japan.
| | - Yuki Kuranaga
- United Graduate School of Drug Discovery and Medical Information Sciences, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu 501-1193, Japan.
| | - Yosuke Inomata
- Department of General and Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka Medical College, 2-7 Daigaku-Machi, Takatsuki, Osaka 569-8686, Japan.
| | - Kazumasa Komura
- Translational Research Program, Osaka Medical College, 2-7 Daigaku-Machi, Takatsuki, Osaka 569-8686, Japan.
| | - Kazuhisa Uchiyama
- Department of General and Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka Medical College, 2-7 Daigaku-Machi, Takatsuki, Osaka 569-8686, Japan.
| | - Yukihiro Akao
- United Graduate School of Drug Discovery and Medical Information Sciences, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu 501-1193, Japan.
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14
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Miyake M, Hori S, Morizawa Y, Tatsumi Y, Toritsuka M, Ohnishi S, Shimada K, Furuya H, Khadka VS, Deng Y, Ohnishi K, Iida K, Gotoh D, Nakai Y, Inoue T, Anai S, Torimoto K, Aoki K, Tanaka N, Konishi N, Fujimoto K. Collagen type IV alpha 1 (COL4A1) and collagen type XIII alpha 1 (COL13A1) produced in cancer cells promote tumor budding at the invasion front in human urothelial carcinoma of the bladder. Oncotarget 2018; 8:36099-36114. [PMID: 28415608 PMCID: PMC5482641 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.16432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2017] [Accepted: 03/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Current knowledge of the molecular mechanism driving tumor budding is limited. Here, we focused on elucidating the detailed mechanism underlying tumor budding in urothelial cancer of the bladder. Invasive urothelial cancer was pathologically classified into three groups as follows: nodular, trabecular, and infiltrative (tumor budding). Pathohistological analysis of the orthotopic tumor model revealed that human urothelial cancer cell lines MGH-U3, UM-UC-14, and UM-UC-3 displayed typical nodular, trabecular, and infiltrative patterns, respectively. Based on the results of comprehensive gene expression analysis using microarray (25 K Human Oligo chip), we identified two collagens, COL4A1 and COL13A1, which may contribute to the formation of the infiltrative pattern. Visualization of protein interaction networks revealed that proteins associated with connective tissue disorders, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, growth hormone, and estrogen were pivotal factors in tumor cells. To evaluate the invasion pattern of tumor cells in vitro, 3-D collective cell invasion assay using Matrigel was performed. Invadopodial formation was evaluated using Gelatin Invadopodia Assay. Knockdown of collagens with siRNA led to dramatic changes in invasion patterns and a decrease in invasion capability through decreased invadopodia. The in vivo orthotopic experimental model of bladder tumors showed that intravesical treatment with siRNA targeting COL4A1 and COL13A1 inhibited the formation of the infiltrative pattern. COL4A1 and COL13A1 production by cancer cells plays a pivotal role in tumor invasion through the induction of tumor budding. Blocking of these collagens may be an attractive therapeutic approach for treatment of human urothelial cancer of the bladder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Makito Miyake
- Department of Urology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara-shi, Nara 634-8522, Japan
| | - Shunta Hori
- Department of Urology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara-shi, Nara 634-8522, Japan
| | - Yosuke Morizawa
- Department of Urology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara-shi, Nara 634-8522, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Tatsumi
- Department of Urology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara-shi, Nara 634-8522, Japan.,Department of Pathology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara-shi, Nara 634-8522, Japan
| | - Michihiro Toritsuka
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University, Kashihara-shi, Nara 634-8522, Japan
| | - Sayuri Ohnishi
- Department of Urology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara-shi, Nara 634-8522, Japan
| | - Keiji Shimada
- Department of Pathology, Nara City Hospital, Nara-shi, Nara, 630-8305, Japan
| | - Hideki Furuya
- Clinical and Translational Research Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI 96813, USA
| | - Vedbar S Khadka
- Bioinformatics Core, Department of Complementary and Integrative Medicine, University of Hawaii John A. Burns School of Medicine, Honolulu, HI 96813, USA
| | - Youping Deng
- Bioinformatics Core, Department of Complementary and Integrative Medicine, University of Hawaii John A. Burns School of Medicine, Honolulu, HI 96813, USA
| | - Kenta Ohnishi
- Department of Urology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara-shi, Nara 634-8522, Japan
| | - Kota Iida
- Department of Urology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara-shi, Nara 634-8522, Japan
| | - Daisuke Gotoh
- Department of Urology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara-shi, Nara 634-8522, Japan
| | - Yasushi Nakai
- Department of Urology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara-shi, Nara 634-8522, Japan
| | - Takeshi Inoue
- Department of Urology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara-shi, Nara 634-8522, Japan
| | - Satoshi Anai
- Department of Urology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara-shi, Nara 634-8522, Japan
| | - Kazumasa Torimoto
- Department of Urology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara-shi, Nara 634-8522, Japan
| | - Katsuya Aoki
- Department of Urology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara-shi, Nara 634-8522, Japan
| | - Nobumichi Tanaka
- Department of Urology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara-shi, Nara 634-8522, Japan
| | - Noboru Konishi
- Department of Pathology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara-shi, Nara 634-8522, Japan
| | - Kiyohide Fujimoto
- Department of Urology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara-shi, Nara 634-8522, Japan
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15
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Minami K, Taniguchi K, Sugito N, Kuranaga Y, Inamoto T, Takahara K, Takai T, Yoshikawa Y, Kiyama S, Akao Y, Azuma H. MiR-145 negatively regulates Warburg effect by silencing KLF4 and PTBP1 in bladder cancer cells. Oncotarget 2018; 8:33064-33077. [PMID: 28380435 PMCID: PMC5464850 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.16524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2016] [Accepted: 03/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The Warburg effect is a well-known feature in cancer-specific metabolism. We previously reported on the role of microRNA (miR)-145 as a tumor-suppressor in human bladder cancer (BC) cells. In this study, we reveal that miR-145 decreases the Warburg effect by silencing KLF4 in BC cells. The expression levels of miR-145 were significantly lower in clinical BC samples and BC cell lines compared to those in normal tissues and HUC cells. Luciferase assay results showed that miR-145 directly bound to 3′UTR of KLF4, which was shown to be overexpressed in the clinical BC samples using Western blot analysis and immunohistochemistry. Remarkable growth inhibition and apoptosis were induced by the ectopic expression of miR-145 or by the gene silencing of KLF4 (siR-KLF4). Also, Warburg effect-related genes such as PTBP1/PKMs were regulated by the transfection of BC cells with miR-145 or siR-KLF4. These results thus indicate that the miR-145/KLF4/PTBP1/PKMs axis is one of the critical pathways that maintain the Warburg effect in BC carcinogenesis. MiR-145 perturbed the Warburg effect by suppressing the KLF4/PTBP1/PKMs pathway in BC cells, resulting in significant cell growth inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koichiro Minami
- United Graduate School of Drug Discovery and Medical Information Sciences, Gifu University, Gifu 501-1193, Japan.,Department of Urology, Osaka Medical College, Takatsuki, Osaka 569-8686, Japan
| | - Kohei Taniguchi
- United Graduate School of Drug Discovery and Medical Information Sciences, Gifu University, Gifu 501-1193, Japan.,Department of General and Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka Medical College, Takatsuki, Osaka 569-8686, Japan
| | - Nobuhiko Sugito
- United Graduate School of Drug Discovery and Medical Information Sciences, Gifu University, Gifu 501-1193, Japan
| | - Yuki Kuranaga
- United Graduate School of Drug Discovery and Medical Information Sciences, Gifu University, Gifu 501-1193, Japan
| | - Teruo Inamoto
- Department of Urology, Osaka Medical College, Takatsuki, Osaka 569-8686, Japan
| | - Kiyoshi Takahara
- Department of Urology, Osaka Medical College, Takatsuki, Osaka 569-8686, Japan
| | - Tomoaki Takai
- Department of Urology, Osaka Medical College, Takatsuki, Osaka 569-8686, Japan
| | - Yuki Yoshikawa
- United Graduate School of Drug Discovery and Medical Information Sciences, Gifu University, Gifu 501-1193, Japan.,Department of Urology, Osaka Medical College, Takatsuki, Osaka 569-8686, Japan
| | - Satoshi Kiyama
- Department of Urology, Osaka Medical College, Takatsuki, Osaka 569-8686, Japan
| | - Yukihiro Akao
- United Graduate School of Drug Discovery and Medical Information Sciences, Gifu University, Gifu 501-1193, Japan
| | - Haruhito Azuma
- Department of Urology, Osaka Medical College, Takatsuki, Osaka 569-8686, Japan
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16
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Kim SS, Choi C, Kwon DD. Urinary microRNAs as potential biomarkers for differentiating the "atypical urothelial cells" category of the Paris system for reporting urine cytology. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL PATHOLOGY 2017; 10:8303-8313. [PMID: 31966681 PMCID: PMC6965417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2017] [Accepted: 07/14/2017] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNA is known to be an important regulator of gene expression. The microRNAs that were found to be differentially expressed in normal urothelium and urothelial carcinomas in the literature were selected and meaningful microRNAs were validated using urothelial tumor cells lines; formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissues; and urine samples for both the definitely benign and malignant categories. Diagnostic utility was also assessed by applying validated microRNAs to urine specimens in the "atypical urothelial cells" category of the Paris System for Reporting Urine Cytology. Among the 25 consistently directed microRNAs in 2 or more studies, 14 microRNAs were upregulated and 11 downregulated. In urothelial tumor cell lines, 3 microRNAs were upregulated and 8 microRNAs were downregulated. In the step using FFPE tissues, four microRNAs (miR-145, miR-133a, miR-125b, and miR-99a) levels were downregulated and four microRNAs (miR-96, miR-141, miR-200c, and miR-205) were upregulated in the entire spectrum of urothelial neoplasms. Similar expression profiles were observed in urine specimens of "negative for high-grade urothelial carcinoma" and "urothelial carcinoma". The expression of miR-99a revealed different trends among the atypical urothelial categories. The findings from this study show that consistently upregulated or downregulated microRNAs might be involved in tumorigenesis or progression of urothelial carcinoma and that they could be used as potential diagnostic or prognostic markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung Sun Kim
- Department of Pathology, Chonnam National University Medical SchoolGwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Chan Choi
- Department of Pathology, Chonnam National University Medical SchoolGwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Deuk Kwon
- Department of Urology, Chonnam National University Medical SchoolGwangju, Republic of Korea
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17
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Liu Y, Hong W, Zhou C, Jiang Z, Wang G, Wei G, Li X. miR-539 inhibits FSCN1 expression and suppresses hepatocellular carcinoma migration and invasion. Oncol Rep 2017; 37:2593-2602. [PMID: 28393215 PMCID: PMC5428223 DOI: 10.3892/or.2017.5549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2016] [Accepted: 02/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Increasing evidence indicates that the dysregulation of miRNAs that act as tumor suppressors or oncogenes is involved in tumorigenesis. However, the role of miR-539 in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has not been well investigated. Quantitative RT-PCR (qRT-PCR), proliferation assay, colony formation assay, migration and invasion assays, western blotting, and xenograft tumor growth models were performed to assess the expression levels and functions of miR-539 in HCC. Luciferase reporter assays, qRT-PCR, western blotting, and immunohistochemistry were used to identify and verify the targets of miR-539. miR-539 was significantly downregulated in HCC cell lines and tissue samples. Ectopic expression of miR-539 inhibited cell viability, proliferation, migration, and invasion in vitro and suppressed xenograft tumor growth in vivo. Fascin homologue 1 (FSCN1) was verified as a direct target of miR-539, and overexpression of FSCN1 promoted HCC cell migration and invasion. miR-539 acts as a novel tumor suppressor in the development and progression of HCC by targeting FSCN1, providing new insight into the mechanisms of HCC carcinogenesis and suggesting that miR-539 may be a therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanping Liu
- Department of Vascular Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Wei Hong
- Department of General Surgery, Ankang City Central Hospital, Ankang, Shaanxi 725000, P.R. China
| | - Cancan Zhou
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Zhengdong Jiang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Guanghui Wang
- Department of General Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Guangbing Wei
- Department of General Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Xuqi Li
- Department of General Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
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18
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Lenherr SM, Tsai S, Silva Neto B, Sullivan TB, Cimmino CB, Logvinenko T, Gee J, Huang W, Libertino JA, Summerhayes IC, Rieger-Christ KM. MicroRNA Expression Profile Identifies High Grade, Non-Muscle-Invasive Bladder Tumors at Elevated Risk to Progress to an Invasive Phenotype. Genes (Basel) 2017; 8:E77. [PMID: 28218662 PMCID: PMC5333066 DOI: 10.3390/genes8020077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2016] [Revised: 01/10/2017] [Accepted: 02/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to identify a panel of microRNAs (miRNAs) differentially expressed in high-grade non-muscle invasive (NMI; TaG3-T1G3) urothelial carcinoma that progress to muscle-invasive disease compared to those that remain non-muscle invasive, whether recurrence happens or not. Eighty-nine high-grade NMI urothelial carcinoma lesions were identified and total RNA was extracted from paraffin-embedded tissue. Patients were categorized as either having a non-muscle invasive lesion with no evidence of progression over a 3-year period or as having a similar lesion showing progression to muscle invasion over the same period. In addition, comparison of miRNA expression levels between patients with and without prior intravesical therapy was performed. Total RNA was pooled for microarray analysis in each group (non-progressors and progressors), and qRT-PCR of individual samples validated differential expression between non-progressive and progressive lesions. MiR-32-5p, -224-5p, and -412-3p were associated with cancer-specific survival. Downregulation of miR-203a-3p and miR-205-5p were significantly linked to progression in non-muscle invasive bladder tumors. These miRNAs include those implicated in epithelial mesenchymal transition, previously identified as members of a panel characterizing transition from the non-invasive to invasive phenotype in bladder tumors. Furthermore, we were able to identify specific miRNAs that are linked to postoperative outcome in patients with high grade NMI urothelial carcinoma of the bladder (UCB) that progressed to muscle-invasive (MI) disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara M Lenherr
- Department of Urology, Lahey Hospital and Medical Center, Burlington, MA 01805, USA.
| | - Sheaumei Tsai
- Department of Urology, Lahey Hospital and Medical Center, Burlington, MA 01805, USA.
| | - Brasil Silva Neto
- Department of Urology, Lahey Hospital and Medical Center, Burlington, MA 01805, USA.
- Department of Urology, Hospital de Clinicas de Porto Alegre, School of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 90035-003, Brazil.
| | - Travis B Sullivan
- Cell and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Lahey Hospital and Medical Center, Burlington, MA 01805, USA.
| | - Cara B Cimmino
- Department of Urology, Lahey Hospital and Medical Center, Burlington, MA 01805, USA.
| | - Tanya Logvinenko
- Biostatistics Research, Institute for Clinical Research Health Policy Studies, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA 02111, USA.
| | - Jason Gee
- Department of Urology, Lahey Hospital and Medical Center, Burlington, MA 01805, USA.
| | - Wei Huang
- Department of Pathology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53726, USA.
| | - John A Libertino
- Department of Urology, Lahey Hospital and Medical Center, Burlington, MA 01805, USA.
| | - Ian C Summerhayes
- Department of Urology, Lahey Hospital and Medical Center, Burlington, MA 01805, USA.
- Cell and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Lahey Hospital and Medical Center, Burlington, MA 01805, USA.
- Deceased.
| | - Kimberly M Rieger-Christ
- Department of Urology, Lahey Hospital and Medical Center, Burlington, MA 01805, USA.
- Cell and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Lahey Hospital and Medical Center, Burlington, MA 01805, USA.
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19
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Zhou X, Yue Y, Wang R, Gong B, Duan Z. MicroRNA-145 inhibits tumorigenesis and invasion of cervical cancer stem cells. Int J Oncol 2017; 50:853-862. [PMID: 28112371 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2017.3857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2016] [Accepted: 01/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNA (miR)-145 has been reported to induce cancer stem cell (CSC) differentiation through down-regulation of the stem cell transcription factors (TFs) that maintain CSC pluripotency. High expression of miR-145 indicates a good prognosis in cancer patients, but its role in cervical cancer stem cells (CCSCs) is not known. We show that expression of miR-145 and core stem cell transcription factors, Sox2, Nanog and Oct4, are associated with the pluripotency of CCSCs, with increased expression of miR-145 after cervical tumorsphere (CT) differentiation. miR-145 overexpression inhibited expression of core TFs, as well as decreasing tumor invasion and colony formation, whereas miR-145 knockdown led to the opposite effects. Injection of adenovirus-miR-145 significantly reduced tumor growth in nude mice. High miR-145 expression predicted a better prognosis compared with that in patients with low miR-145 expression after analyses of The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) data. These results suggest that miR-145 is able to induce CT differentiation through enzymolyzing TFs and might be a therapeutic target for cervical carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Zhou
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710004, P.R. China
| | - Yan Yue
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei 442000, P.R. China
| | - Renxiao Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei 442000, P.R. China
| | - Baolan Gong
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei 442000, P.R. China
| | - Zhao Duan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710004, P.R. China
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20
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Takai T, Yoshikawa Y, Inamoto T, Minami K, Taniguchi K, Sugito N, Kuranaga Y, Shinohara H, Kumazaki M, Tsujino T, Takahara K, Ito Y, Akao Y, Azuma H. A Novel Combination RNAi toward Warburg Effect by Replacement with miR-145 and Silencing of PTBP1 Induces Apoptotic Cell Death in Bladder Cancer Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18010179. [PMID: 28106737 PMCID: PMC5297811 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18010179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2016] [Revised: 12/27/2016] [Accepted: 01/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Bladder cancer is one of the most difficult malignancies to control. We explored the use of a novel RNA-interference method for a driver oncogene regulating cancer specific energy metabolism by the combination treatment with a small interfering RNA (siRNA) and a microRNA. After transfection of T24 and 253JB-V cells with miR-145 and/or siR-PTBP1, we examined the effects of cell growth and gene expression by performing the trypan blue dye exclusion test, Western blot, Hoechst 33342 staining, reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), and electron microscopy. The anti-cancer effects of xenograft model mice with miR-145 and/or siR-PTBP1 were then assessed. The combination treatment induced the deeper and longer growth inhibition and reduced the levels of both mRNA and protein expression of c-Myc and polypyrimidine tract-binding protein 1 (PTBP1) more than each single treatment. Notably, the combination treatment not only impaired the cancer specific energy metabolism by inhibiting c-Myc/PTBP1/PKMs axis but also inactivated MAPK/ERK and PI3K/AKT pathways examined in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, the combination treatment induced apoptosis or autophagy; but, in some cells, apoptotic cell death was accompanied by autophagy, because the condensation of chromatin and many autophagosomes were coexistent. This combination treatment could be a novel RNA-interference strategy through the systemic silencing of the Warburg effect-promoting driver oncogene PTBP1 in bladder cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoaki Takai
- United Graduate School of Drug Discovery and Medical Information Sciences, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu 501-1193, Japan.
- Department of Urology, Osaka Medical College, 2-7 Daigaku-machi, Takatsuki, Osaka 569-8686, Japan.
| | - Yuki Yoshikawa
- United Graduate School of Drug Discovery and Medical Information Sciences, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu 501-1193, Japan.
- Department of Urology, Osaka Medical College, 2-7 Daigaku-machi, Takatsuki, Osaka 569-8686, Japan.
| | - Teruo Inamoto
- Department of Urology, Osaka Medical College, 2-7 Daigaku-machi, Takatsuki, Osaka 569-8686, Japan.
| | - Koichiro Minami
- Department of Urology, Osaka Medical College, 2-7 Daigaku-machi, Takatsuki, Osaka 569-8686, Japan.
| | - Kohei Taniguchi
- Department of General and Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka Medical College, 2-7 Daigaku-machi, Takatsuki, Osaka 569-8686, Japan.
| | - Nobuhiko Sugito
- United Graduate School of Drug Discovery and Medical Information Sciences, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu 501-1193, Japan.
| | - Yuki Kuranaga
- United Graduate School of Drug Discovery and Medical Information Sciences, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu 501-1193, Japan.
| | - Haruka Shinohara
- United Graduate School of Drug Discovery and Medical Information Sciences, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu 501-1193, Japan.
| | - Minami Kumazaki
- United Graduate School of Drug Discovery and Medical Information Sciences, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu 501-1193, Japan.
| | - Takuya Tsujino
- Department of Urology, Osaka Medical College, 2-7 Daigaku-machi, Takatsuki, Osaka 569-8686, Japan.
| | - Kiyoshi Takahara
- Department of Urology, Osaka Medical College, 2-7 Daigaku-machi, Takatsuki, Osaka 569-8686, Japan.
| | - Yuko Ito
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Division of Life Sciences, Osaka Medical College, 2-7 Daigaku-machi, Takatsuki, Osaka 569-8686, Japan.
| | - Yukihiro Akao
- United Graduate School of Drug Discovery and Medical Information Sciences, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu 501-1193, Japan.
| | - Haruhito Azuma
- Department of Urology, Osaka Medical College, 2-7 Daigaku-machi, Takatsuki, Osaka 569-8686, Japan.
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21
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Targeting MicroRNAs in Cancer Gene Therapy. Genes (Basel) 2017; 8:genes8010021. [PMID: 28075356 PMCID: PMC5295016 DOI: 10.3390/genes8010021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2016] [Revised: 12/28/2016] [Accepted: 12/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a kind of conserved small non-coding RNAs that participate in regulating gene expression by targeting multiple molecules. Early studies have shown that the expression of miRNAs changes significantly in different tumor tissues and cancer cell lines. It is well acknowledged that such variation is involved in almost all biological processes, including cell proliferation, mobility, survival and differentiation. Increasing experimental data indicate that miRNA dysregulation is a biomarker of several pathological conditions including cancer, and that miRNA can exert a causal role, as oncogenes or tumor suppressor genes, in different steps of the tumorigenic process. Anticancer therapies based on miRNAs are currently being developed with a goal to improve outcomes of cancer treatment. In our present study, we review the function of miRNAs in tumorigenesis and development, and discuss the latest clinical applications and strategies of therapy targeting miRNAs in cancer.
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22
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Wu J, Huang Q, Meng D, Huang M, Li C, Qin T. A Functional rs353293 Polymorphism in the Promoter of miR-143/145 Is Associated with a Reduced Risk of Bladder Cancer. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0159115. [PMID: 27438131 PMCID: PMC4954649 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0159115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2016] [Accepted: 06/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES MicroRNA (miR)-143/145, known as tumor suppressors, can promote cell apoptosis and differentiation, and suppress cell proliferation, invasion and migration. We performed a case-control study to investigate the association of rs353293 in the promoter region of miR-143/145 with bladder cancer risk. METHODS In total, 869 subjects including 333 cases and 536 controls were enrolled in this study, and the rs353293 polymorphism was genotyped by using a Taqman assay. The promoter activity was measured by the Dual-Luciferase Assay System. RESULTS We calculated an adjusted odds ratio of 0.64 for the presence of either AA/AG genotypes (95% CI 0.46-0.90) and 0.64 (95% CI 0.47-0.87) for carrying at least one A allele in bladder cancer. Stratified analyses showed that the AA/AG genotypes and the A allele were less prevalent in patients with low grade tumors, compared to those harboring higher grade bladder cancers (adjusted OR = 0.53, 95% CI, 0.30-0.94, P = 0.03 and adjusted OR = 0.54, 95% CI, 0.32-0.92, P = 0.02, respectively). In vitro luciferase reporter analysis showed that rs353293A allele had a lower activity compared with the rs353293G allele (P < 0.001). CONCLUSION These findings suggest that the functional rs353293 polymorphism may be a useful biomarker to predict the risk of bladder cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Wu
- Department of Urinary Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical College for Nationalities, Baise, 533000, Guangxi, China
- * E-mail:
| | - Qun Huang
- Department of Urinary Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical College for Nationalities, Baise, 533000, Guangxi, China
| | - Dongdong Meng
- Department of Urinary Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical College for Nationalities, Baise, 533000, Guangxi, China
| | - Minyu Huang
- Department of Urinary Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical College for Nationalities, Baise, 533000, Guangxi, China
| | - Chaowen Li
- Department of Urinary Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical College for Nationalities, Baise, 533000, Guangxi, China
| | - Tianzi Qin
- Department of Urinary Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical College for Nationalities, Baise, 533000, Guangxi, China
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23
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Long non-coding RNA regulation of epithelial-mesenchymal transition in cancer metastasis. Cell Death Dis 2016; 7:e2254. [PMID: 27277676 PMCID: PMC5143379 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2016.149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2016] [Revised: 04/10/2016] [Accepted: 05/02/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Metastasis is a multistep process starting with the dissemination of tumor cells from a primary site and ending with secondary tumor development in an anatomically distant location. The epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT), a process that endows epithelial tumor cells with mesenchymal properties including reduced adhesion and increased motility, is considered a critical step driving the early phase of cancer metastasis. Although significant progress has been made in understanding the molecular characteristics of EMT, the intracellular mechanisms driving transition through the various stages of EMT remain unclear. In recent years, an increasing number of studies have demonstrated the involvement of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in tumor metastasis through modulating EMT. LncRNAs and their associated signaling networks have now emerged as new players in the induction and regulation of EMT during metastasis. Here we summarize the recent findings and characterizations of several known lncRNAs involved in the regulation of EMT. We will also discuss the potential use of these lncRNAs as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers as well as therapeutic targets to slow down or prevent metastatic spread of malignant tumors.
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24
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Enokida H, Yoshino H, Matsushita R, Nakagawa M. The role of microRNAs in bladder cancer. Investig Clin Urol 2016; 57 Suppl 1:S60-76. [PMID: 27326409 PMCID: PMC4910767 DOI: 10.4111/icu.2016.57.s1.s60] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2016] [Accepted: 04/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Bladder cancer (BC) is the fifth most common cancer worldwide and is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. The prognosis of muscle invasive BC is poor, and recurrence is common after radical surgery or chemotherapy. Therefore, new diagnostic methods and treatment modalities are critical. MicroRNAs (miRNAs), a class of small noncoding RNAs, regulate the expression of protein-coding genes by repressing translation or cleaving RNA transcripts in a sequence-specific manner. miRNAs have important roles in the regulation of genes involved in cancer development, progression, and metastasis. The availability of genomewide miRNA expression profiles by deep sequencing technology has facilitated rapid and precise identification of aberrant miRNA expression in BC. Indeed, several miRNAs that are either upregulated or downregulated have been shown to have associations with significant cancer pathways. Furthermore, many miRNAs, including those that can be detected in urine and blood, have been studied as potential noninvasive tumor markers for diagnostic and prognostic purposes. Here, we searched PubMed for publications describing the role of miRNAs in BC by using the keywords "bladder cancer" and "microRNA" on March 1, 2016. We found 374 papers and selected articles written in English in which the level of scientific detail and reporting were sufficient and in which novel findings were demonstrated. In this review, we summarize these studies from the point of view of miRNA-related molecular networks (specific miRNAs and their targets) and miRNAs as tumor markers in BC. We also discuss future directions of miRNA studies in the context of therapeutic modalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hideki Enokida
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Yoshino
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Matsushita
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Masayuki Nakagawa
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
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Predictive Markers for the Recurrence of Nonmuscle Invasive Bladder Cancer Treated with Intravesical Therapy. DISEASE MARKERS 2015; 2015:857416. [PMID: 26681820 PMCID: PMC4670878 DOI: 10.1155/2015/857416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2015] [Accepted: 11/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
High recurrence rate is one representative characteristic of bladder cancer. Intravesical therapy after transurethral resection is often performed in patients with nonmuscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) to prevent recurrence. Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) and several anticancer/antibiotic agents, such as mitomycin C and epirubicin, are commonly used for this therapy. BCG treatment demonstrates strong anticancer effects. However, it is also characterized by a high frequency of adverse events. On the other hand, although intravesical therapies using other anticancer and antibiotic agents are relatively safe, their anticancer effects are lower than those obtained using BCG. Thus, the appropriate selection of agents for intravesical therapy is important to improve treatment outcomes and maintain the quality of life of patients with NMIBC. In this review, we discuss the predictive value of various histological and molecular markers for recurrence after intravesical therapy in patients with NMIBC.
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26
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Tan J, Qiu K, Li M, Liang Y. Double-negative feedback loop between long non-coding RNA TUG1 and miR-145 promotes epithelial to mesenchymal transition and radioresistance in human bladder cancer cells. FEBS Lett 2015; 589:3175-81. [PMID: 26318860 DOI: 10.1016/j.febslet.2015.08.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2015] [Revised: 08/10/2015] [Accepted: 08/15/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
LncRNAs have a critical role in the regulation of cellular processes such as cancer progression and metastasis. In the present study, we confirmed that TUG1 was overexpressed in bladder cancer tissues and established cell lines. Knockdown of TUG1 inhibited bladder cancer cell metastasis both in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, we found that TUG1 promoted cancer cell invasion and radioresistance through inducing epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Interestingly, TUG1 decreased the expression of miR-145 and there was a reciprocal repression between TUG1 and miR-145 in an Argonaute2-dependent manner. ZEB2 was identified as a down-stream target of miR-145 and TUG1 exerted its function through the miR-145/ZEB2 axis. In summary, our data indicated that blocking TUG1 function may be an effective anti-cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiemei Tan
- Department of Oncology, Jiangmen Central Hospital, Affiliated Jiangmen Hospital of Sun Yat-sen, Jiangmen, China.
| | - Kaifeng Qiu
- Department of pharmacy, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mingyi Li
- Department of pharmacy, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ying Liang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
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