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Verbruggen SW, Freeman CL, Freeman FE. Utilizing 3D Models to Unravel the Dynamics of Myeloma Plasma Cells' Escape from the Bone Marrow Microenvironment. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:889. [PMID: 38473251 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16050889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Revised: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Recent therapeutic advancements have markedly increased the survival rates of individuals with multiple myeloma (MM), doubling survival compared to pre-2000 estimates. This progress, driven by highly effective novel agents, suggests a growing population of MM survivors exceeding the 10-year mark post-diagnosis. However, contemporary clinical observations indicate potential trends toward more aggressive relapse phenotypes, characterized by extramedullary disease and dominant proliferative clones, despite these highly effective treatments. To build upon these advances, it is crucial to develop models of MM evolution, particularly focusing on understanding the biological mechanisms behind its development outside the bone marrow. This comprehensive understanding is essential to devising innovative treatment strategies. This review emphasizes the role of 3D models, specifically addressing the bone marrow microenvironment and development of extramedullary sites. It explores the current state-of-the-art in MM modelling, highlighting challenges in replicating the disease's complexity. Recognizing the unique demand for accurate models, the discussion underscores the potential impact of these advanced 3D models on understanding and combating this heterogeneous and still incurable disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefaan W Verbruggen
- Digital Environment Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 4NS, UK
- Center for Predictive In Vitro Models, School of Engineering and Materials Science, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 4NS, UK
- INSIGNEO Institute for In Silico Medicine, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S1 3JD, UK
| | - Ciara L Freeman
- H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Fiona E Freeman
- School of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Engineering and Materials Science Centre, University College Dublin, D04 V1W8 Dublin, Ireland
- Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, D04 V1W8 Dublin, Ireland
- Trinity Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, D02 PN40 Dublin, Ireland
- Department of Mechanical Manufacturing, and Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, Trinity College Dublin, D02 PN40 Dublin, Ireland
- Advanced Materials and Bioengineering Research Centre (AMBER), Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland and Trinity College Dublin, D02 YN77 Dublin, Ireland
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2
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Hazazi A, AlShehah AA, Khan FR, Hakami MA, Almarshadi F, Abalkhail A, Nassar SA, Almasoudi HH, Ali AA, Abu-Alghayth MH, Kukreti N, Binshaya AS. From diagnosis to therapy: The transformative role of lncRNAs in eye cancer management. Pathol Res Pract 2024; 254:155081. [PMID: 38211388 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2023.155081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Revised: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
The genomic era has brought about a transformative shift in our comprehension of cancer, unveiling the intricate molecular landscape underlying disease development. Eye cancers (ECs), encompassing diverse malignancies affecting ocular tissues, pose distinctive challenges in diagnosis and management. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), an emerging category of non-coding RNAs, are pivotal actors in the genomic intricacies of eye cancers. LncRNAs have garnered recognition for their multifaceted roles in gene expression regulation and influence on many cellular processes. Many studies support that the lncRNAs have a role in developing various cancers. Recent investigations have pinpointed specific lncRNAs associated with ECs, including retinoblastoma and uveal melanoma. These lncRNAs exert control over critical pathways governing tumor initiation, progression, and metastasis, endowing them with the ability to function as evaluation, predictive, and therapeutic indicators. The article aims to synthesize the existing information concerning the functions of lncRNAs in ECs, elucidating their regulatory mechanisms and clinical significance. By delving into the lncRNAs' expanding relevance in the modulation of oncogenic and tumor-suppressive networks, we gain a deeper understanding of the molecular complexities intrinsic to these diseases. In our exploration of the genomic intricacies of ECs, lncRNAs introduce a fresh perspective, providing an opportunity to function as clinical and therapeutic indicators, and they also have therapeutic benefits that show promise for advancing the treatment of ECs. This comprehensive review bridges the intricate relationship between lncRNAs and ECs within the context of the genomic era.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Hazazi
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Security Forces Hospital Program, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Farhan R Khan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Al-Quwayiyah, Shaqra University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Ageeli Hakami
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Al-Quwayiyah, Shaqra University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fahad Almarshadi
- Department of Public Health, College of Public Health and Health Informatics, University of Ha'il, Saudi Arabia
| | - Adil Abalkhail
- Department of Public Health, College of Public Health and Health Informatics, Qassim University, Qassim, Saudi Arabia
| | - Somia A Nassar
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied medical sciences, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Alkharj 11942, Saudi Arabia; Department of Parasitology & Animal Diseases, National Research Centre, 33 Bohouth St., Dokki, Giza 12622, Egypt
| | - Hassan H Almasoudi
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Najran University, Najran 61441, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amer Al Ali
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Bisha, P.O. Box 255, Bisha 67714, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed H Abu-Alghayth
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Bisha, P.O. Box 255, Bisha 67714, Saudi Arabia
| | - Neelima Kukreti
- School of Pharmacy, Graphic Era Hill University, Dehradun 248007, India
| | - Abdulkarim S Binshaya
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied medical sciences, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Alkharj 11942, Saudi Arabia.
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3
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Tomic Vujovic K, Ugrin M, Tosic N, Vukovic V, Marjanovic I, Kostic T, Stankovic S, Otasevic V, Sarac S, Antic D, Pavlovic S, Karan-Djurasevic T. Expression Pattern and Prognostic Significance of the Long Non-Coding RNA Metastasis-Associated Lung Adenocarcinoma Transcript 1 in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:922. [PMID: 38255996 PMCID: PMC10815316 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25020922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Dysregulated expression of the long non-coding RNA MALAT1 has been implicated in the pathogenesis and progression of a variety of cancers, including hematological malignancies, but it has been poorly investigated in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). In this study, the expression of MALAT1 was measured using a quantitative reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells of 114 unselected, newly diagnosed CLL patients in order to analyze its association with clinical, laboratory, and molecular patients' characteristics at diagnosis, as well as its prognostic relevance. MALAT1 was found to be upregulated in CLL patients in comparison to healthy controls, and expression levels were not related to age, leukocyte, lymphocyte and platelet count, serum β2-microglobulin, and IGHV somatic hypermutational status. On the other hand, high MALAT1 expression was associated with several favorable prognostic markers (high hemoglobin, low serum lactate dehydrogenase, earlier clinical stages, CD38-negative status), but also with unfavorable cytogenetics. Furthermore, an association between high MALAT1 levels and longer time to first treatment and overall survival in IGHV-unmutated CLL subtype was observed. In summary, our results imply that high MALAT1 expression at diagnosis may be a predictor of better prognosis and point to MALAT1 expression profiling as a candidate biomarker potentially useful in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristina Tomic Vujovic
- Clinic for Hematology, University Clinical Center of Serbia, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (K.T.V.); (V.V.); (V.O.); (S.S.); (D.A.)
| | - Milena Ugrin
- Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade, 11042 Belgrade, Serbia; (M.U.); (N.T.); (I.M.); (T.K.); (S.P.)
| | - Natasa Tosic
- Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade, 11042 Belgrade, Serbia; (M.U.); (N.T.); (I.M.); (T.K.); (S.P.)
| | - Vojin Vukovic
- Clinic for Hematology, University Clinical Center of Serbia, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (K.T.V.); (V.V.); (V.O.); (S.S.); (D.A.)
| | - Irena Marjanovic
- Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade, 11042 Belgrade, Serbia; (M.U.); (N.T.); (I.M.); (T.K.); (S.P.)
| | - Tatjana Kostic
- Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade, 11042 Belgrade, Serbia; (M.U.); (N.T.); (I.M.); (T.K.); (S.P.)
| | - Sanja Stankovic
- Center for Medical Biochemistry, University Clinical Center of Serbia, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia;
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Vladimir Otasevic
- Clinic for Hematology, University Clinical Center of Serbia, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (K.T.V.); (V.V.); (V.O.); (S.S.); (D.A.)
| | - Sofija Sarac
- Clinic for Hematology, University Clinical Center of Serbia, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (K.T.V.); (V.V.); (V.O.); (S.S.); (D.A.)
| | - Darko Antic
- Clinic for Hematology, University Clinical Center of Serbia, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (K.T.V.); (V.V.); (V.O.); (S.S.); (D.A.)
- School of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Sonja Pavlovic
- Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade, 11042 Belgrade, Serbia; (M.U.); (N.T.); (I.M.); (T.K.); (S.P.)
| | - Teodora Karan-Djurasevic
- Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade, 11042 Belgrade, Serbia; (M.U.); (N.T.); (I.M.); (T.K.); (S.P.)
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Ismail NH, Mussa A, Al-Khreisat MJ, Mohamed Yusoff S, Husin A, Al-Jamal HAN, Johan MF, Islam MA. Dysregulation of Non-Coding RNAs: Roles of miRNAs and lncRNAs in the Pathogenesis of Multiple Myeloma. Noncoding RNA 2023; 9:68. [PMID: 37987364 PMCID: PMC10660696 DOI: 10.3390/ncrna9060068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The dysregulation of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), specifically microRNAs (miRNAs) and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), leads to the development and advancement of multiple myeloma (MM). miRNAs, in particular, are paramount in post-transcriptional gene regulation, promoting mRNA degradation and translational inhibition. As a result, miRNAs can serve as oncogenes or tumor suppressors depending on the target genes. In MM, miRNA disruption could result in abnormal gene expression responsible for cell growth, apoptosis, and other biological processes pertinent to cancer development. The dysregulated miRNAs inhibit the activity of tumor suppressor genes, contributing to disease progression. Nonetheless, several miRNAs are downregulated in MM and have been identified as gene regulators implicated in extracellular matrix remodeling and cell adhesion. miRNA depletion potentially facilitates the tumor advancement and resistance of therapeutic drugs. Additionally, lncRNAs are key regulators of numerous cellular processes, such as gene expression, chromatin remodeling, protein trafficking, and recently linked MM development. The lncRNAs are uniquely expressed and influence gene expression that supports MM growth, in addition to facilitating cellular proliferation and viability via multiple molecular pathways. miRNA and lncRNA alterations potentially result in anomalous gene expression and interfere with the regular functioning of MM. Thus, this review aims to highlight the dysregulation of these ncRNAs, which engender novel therapeutic modalities for the treatment of MM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nor Hayati Ismail
- Department of Haematology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian 16150, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Ali Mussa
- Department of Haematology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian 16150, Kelantan, Malaysia
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Education, Omdurman Islamic University, Omdurman 11111, Sudan
- Center for Global Health Research, Saveetha Medical College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai 600077, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Mutaz Jamal Al-Khreisat
- Department of Haematology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian 16150, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Shafini Mohamed Yusoff
- Department of Haematology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian 16150, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Azlan Husin
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian 16150, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Hamid Ali Nagi Al-Jamal
- School of Biomedicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin (UniSZA), Kuala Nerus 21300, Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - Muhammad Farid Johan
- Department of Haematology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian 16150, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Md Asiful Islam
- WHO Collaborating Centre for Global Women’s Health, Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
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Rocca R, Polerà N, Juli G, Grillone K, Maruca A, Di Martino MT, Artese A, Amato J, Pagano B, Randazzo A, Tagliaferri P, Tassone P, Alcaro S. Hit identification of novel small molecules interfering with MALAT1 triplex by a structure-based virtual screening. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2023; 356:e2300134. [PMID: 37309243 DOI: 10.1002/ardp.202300134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Nowadays, RNA is an attractive target for the design of new small molecules with different pharmacological activities. Among several RNA molecules, long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are extensively reported to be involved in cancer pathogenesis. In particular, the overexpression of lncRNA metastasis-associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1 (MALAT1) plays an important role in the development of multiple myeloma (MM). Starting from the crystallographic structure of the triple-helical stability element at the 3'-end of MALAT1, we performed a structure-based virtual screening of a large commercial database, previously filtered according to the drug-like properties. After a thermodynamic analysis, we selected five compounds for the in vitro assays. Compound M5, characterized by a diazaindene scaffold, emerged as the most promising molecule enabling the destabilization of the MALAT1 triplex structure and antiproliferative activity on in vitro models of MM. M5 is proposed as a lead compound to be further optimized for improving its affinity toward MALAT1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Rocca
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Università degli Studi "Magna Graecia" di Catanzaro, Campus "Salvatore Venuta", Catanzaro, Italy
- Net4science srl, Università degli Studi "Magna Graecia" di Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Nicoletta Polerà
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Università degli Studi "Magna Graecia" di Catanzaro, Campus "Salvatore Venuta", Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Giada Juli
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Università degli Studi "Magna Graecia" di Catanzaro, Campus "Salvatore Venuta", Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Katia Grillone
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Università degli Studi "Magna Graecia" di Catanzaro, Campus "Salvatore Venuta", Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Annalisa Maruca
- Net4science srl, Università degli Studi "Magna Graecia" di Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Maria Teresa Di Martino
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Università degli Studi "Magna Graecia" di Catanzaro, Campus "Salvatore Venuta", Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Anna Artese
- Net4science srl, Università degli Studi "Magna Graecia" di Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute, Università degli Studi "Magna Graecia" di Catanzaro, Campus "Salvatore Venuta", Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Jussara Amato
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Bruno Pagano
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Antonio Randazzo
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Pietrosandro Tagliaferri
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Università degli Studi "Magna Graecia" di Catanzaro, Campus "Salvatore Venuta", Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Pierfrancesco Tassone
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Università degli Studi "Magna Graecia" di Catanzaro, Campus "Salvatore Venuta", Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Stefano Alcaro
- Net4science srl, Università degli Studi "Magna Graecia" di Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute, Università degli Studi "Magna Graecia" di Catanzaro, Campus "Salvatore Venuta", Catanzaro, Italy
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Lu MQ, He YQ, Wu Y, Zhou HX, Jian Y, Gao W, Bao L, Chen WM. Identification of aberrantly expressed lncRNAs and ceRNA networks in multiple myeloma: a combined high-throughput sequencing and microarray analysis. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1160342. [PMID: 37342185 PMCID: PMC10277558 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1160342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background This study aimed to explore the potential effects of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in multiple myeloma (MM) patients using two detection methods: high-throughput sequencing and microarray. Methods In this study, lncRNAs were detected in 20 newly diagnosed MM patients, with 10 patients analyzed by whole transcriptome-specific RNA sequencing and 10 patients analyzed by microarray (Affymetrix Human Clariom D). The expression levels of lncRNAs, microRNAs, and messenger RNAs (mRNAs) were analyzed, and the differentially expressed lncRNAs identified by both methods were selected. The significant differentially expressed lncRNAs were further validated using PCR. Results This study established the aberrant expression of certain lncRNAs involved in the occurrence of MM, with AC007278.2 and FAM157C showing the most significant differences. The top 5 common pathways identified by the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis were the chemokine signaling pathway, inflammatory mediator regulation, Th17 cell differentiation, apoptosis, and NF-kappa B signaling pathway. Furthermore, three microRNAs (miRNAs) (miR-4772-3p, miR-617, and miR-618) were found to constitute competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) networks in both sequencing and microarray analyses. Conclusions By the combination analysis, our understanding of lncRNAs in MM will be increased significantly. More overlapping differentially expressed lncRNAs were found to predict therapeutic targets precisely.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Qiu Lu
- Department of Hematology, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yu-Qin He
- Department of Emergency, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yin Wu
- Department of Hematology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Hui-Xing Zhou
- Department of Hematology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuan Jian
- Department of Hematology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Wen Gao
- Department of Hematology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Li Bao
- Department of Hematology, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Wen-Ming Chen
- Department of Hematology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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7
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Qin J, Ke B, Liu T, Kong C, Li A, Fu H, Jin C. Aberrantly expressed long noncoding RNAs as potential prognostic biomarkers in newly diagnosed multiple myeloma: A systemic review and meta-analysis. Cancer Med 2023; 12:2199-2218. [PMID: 36057947 PMCID: PMC9939128 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.5135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2022] [Revised: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Numerous studies have manifested long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) as biomarkers to determine the prognosis of multiple myeloma (MM) patients. Nevertheless, the prognostic role of lncRNAs in MM is still ambiguous. Herein, we performed a meta-analysis to evaluate the predictive value of aberrantly expressed lncRNAs in MM. METHODS A systemic literature search was performed in PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane, and Web of Science databases until October 9, 2021, and the protocol was registered in the PROSPERO database (CRD42021284364). Our study extracted the hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), or event-free survival (EFS). Begg's and Egger's tests were employed to correct publication bias. RESULT Twenty-six individual studies containing 3501 MM patients were enrolled in this study. The results showed that aberrant expression of lncRNAs was associated with poor OS and PFS of MM patients. The pooled HRs for univariate OS and PFS were 1.48 (95% CI = 1.17-1.88, p < 0.001) and 1.30 (95% CI = 1.18-1.43, p < 0.001), respectively, whereas the pooled HRs for multivariate OS and PFS were 1.50 (95% CI = 1.16-1.95, p < 0.001) and 1.59 (95% CI = 1.22-2.07, p < 0.001), respectively. Subgroup analysis suggested that MALAT1, TCF7, NEAT1, and PVT1 upregulation were associated with poor OS (p < 0.05), PVT1, and TCF7 upregulation were implicated with worse PFS (p < 0.05), while only TCF7 overexpression was correlated with reduced EFS (p < 0.05). Moreover, the contour-enhanced funnel plot demonstrated the reliability of our current conclusion, which was not affected by publication bias. CONCLUSION Aberrantly expressed particular lncRNAs are critical prognostic indicators in long-term survival as well as promising biomarkers in progression-free status. However, different cutoff values and dissimilar methods to assess lncRNA expression among studies may lead to heterogeneity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiading Qin
- Medical College of Nanchang UniversityNanchangJiangxi330006China
- Department of HematologyJiangxi Provincial People's HospitalNanchangJiangxi330006China
| | - Bo Ke
- Department of HematologyJiangxi Provincial People's HospitalNanchangJiangxi330006China
- National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic DiseasesThe First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySoochowJiangsu215006China
| | - Tingting Liu
- Department of HematologyJiangxi Provincial People's HospitalNanchangJiangxi330006China
| | - Chunfang Kong
- Medical College of Nanchang UniversityNanchangJiangxi330006China
- Department of HematologyJiangxi Provincial People's HospitalNanchangJiangxi330006China
| | - Anna Li
- Department of HematologyJiangxi Provincial People's HospitalNanchangJiangxi330006China
| | - Huan Fu
- Department of HematologyJiangxi Provincial People's HospitalNanchangJiangxi330006China
| | - Chenghao Jin
- Medical College of Nanchang UniversityNanchangJiangxi330006China
- Department of HematologyJiangxi Provincial People's HospitalNanchangJiangxi330006China
- National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic DiseasesThe First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySoochowJiangsu215006China
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8
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Morelli E, Fulciniti M, Samur MK, Ribeiro CF, Wert-Lamas L, Henninger JE, Gullà A, Aktas-Samur A, Todoerti K, Talluri S, Park WD, Federico C, Scionti F, Amodio N, Bianchi G, Johnstone M, Liu N, Gramegna D, Maisano D, Russo NA, Lin C, Tai YT, Neri A, Chauhan D, Hideshima T, Shammas MA, Tassone P, Gryaznov S, Young RA, Anderson KC, Novina CD, Loda M, Munshi NC. A MIR17HG-derived long noncoding RNA provides an essential chromatin scaffold for protein interaction and myeloma growth. Blood 2023; 141:391-405. [PMID: 36126301 PMCID: PMC10082365 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2022016892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Revised: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) can drive tumorigenesis and are susceptible to therapeutic intervention. Here, we used a large-scale CRISPR interference viability screen to interrogate cell-growth dependency to lncRNA genes in multiple myeloma (MM) and identified a prominent role for the miR-17-92 cluster host gene (MIR17HG). We show that an MIR17HG-derived lncRNA, named lnc-17-92, is the main mediator of cell-growth dependency acting in a microRNA- and DROSHA-independent manner. Lnc-17-92 provides a chromatin scaffold for the functional interaction between c-MYC and WDR82, thus promoting the expression of ACACA, which encodes the rate-limiting enzyme of de novo lipogenesis acetyl-coA carboxylase 1. Targeting MIR17HG pre-RNA with clinically applicable antisense molecules disrupts the transcriptional and functional activities of lnc-17-92, causing potent antitumor effects both in vitro and in vivo in 3 preclinical animal models, including a clinically relevant patient-derived xenograft NSG mouse model. This study establishes a novel oncogenic function of MIR17HG and provides potent inhibitors for translation to clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eugenio Morelli
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jerome Lipper Multiple Myeloma Center, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Mariateresa Fulciniti
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jerome Lipper Multiple Myeloma Center, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Mehmet K. Samur
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jerome Lipper Multiple Myeloma Center, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Caroline F. Ribeiro
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY
| | - Leon Wert-Lamas
- Department of Cancer Immunology and Virology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA
| | - Jon E. Henninger
- Whitehead Institute of Biomedical Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA
| | - Annamaria Gullà
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jerome Lipper Multiple Myeloma Center, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Anil Aktas-Samur
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jerome Lipper Multiple Myeloma Center, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Katia Todoerti
- Department of Hematology, Fondazione Cà Granda IRCCS Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Srikanth Talluri
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jerome Lipper Multiple Myeloma Center, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
- VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA
| | - Woojun D. Park
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
| | - Cinzia Federico
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Magna Graecia University, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Francesca Scionti
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Magna Graecia University, Catanzaro, Italy
- Clinical Research Development and Phase I Unit, ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Nicola Amodio
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Magna Graecia University, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Giada Bianchi
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jerome Lipper Multiple Myeloma Center, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Megan Johnstone
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jerome Lipper Multiple Myeloma Center, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA
| | - Na Liu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jerome Lipper Multiple Myeloma Center, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA
| | - Doriana Gramegna
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jerome Lipper Multiple Myeloma Center, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Domenico Maisano
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jerome Lipper Multiple Myeloma Center, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Nicola A. Russo
- Istituto di Ricerche Genetiche “G. Salvatore,” Biogem s.c.ar.l., Avellino, Italy
| | - Charles Lin
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
| | - Yu-Tzu Tai
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jerome Lipper Multiple Myeloma Center, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Antonino Neri
- Department of Hematology, Fondazione Cà Granda IRCCS Policlinico, Milan, Italy
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-oncology, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- Scientific Directorate, Azienda USL-IRCCS Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Dharminder Chauhan
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jerome Lipper Multiple Myeloma Center, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Teru Hideshima
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jerome Lipper Multiple Myeloma Center, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Masood A. Shammas
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jerome Lipper Multiple Myeloma Center, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
- VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA
| | - Pierfrancesco Tassone
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Magna Graecia University, Catanzaro, Italy
| | | | - Richard A. Young
- Whitehead Institute of Biomedical Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA
| | - Kenneth C. Anderson
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jerome Lipper Multiple Myeloma Center, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Carl D. Novina
- Department of Cancer Immunology and Virology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA
| | - Massimo Loda
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY
| | - Nikhil C. Munshi
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jerome Lipper Multiple Myeloma Center, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
- VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA
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9
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Long noncoding RNA FAM157C contributes to clonal proliferation in paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria. Ann Hematol 2023; 102:299-309. [PMID: 36607351 PMCID: PMC9889514 DOI: 10.1007/s00277-022-05055-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 11/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH) is a rare clonal disease of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs). Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) perform a wide range of biological functions, including the regulation of gene expression, cell differentiation, and proliferation, but their role in PNH remains unclear.CD59- and CD59+ granulocytes and monocytes from 35 PNH patients were sorted. High-throughput sequencing was analyzed in 5 PNH patients, and differentially expressed lncRNAs and mRNAs were identified. The mRNAs with fragments per kilobase of exon model per million mapped fragments (FPKM) > 10 in at least 3 patients were selected, and experiments were performed to identify their upstream regulatory lncRNAs. The expression of selected mRNAs and lncRNAs was verified by qRT‒PCR, and the correlation of these expression patterns with clinical data from other 30 PNH patients was analyzed. Then, the functions of the lncRNAs were studied in the PIGA-KO-THP-1 cell line.Transcription analysis revealed 742 upregulated and 1376 downregulated lncRNAs and 3276 upregulated and 213 downregulated mRNAs. After deep screening, 8 highly expressed mRNAs that were related to the NF-κB pathway were analyzed to determine coexpression patterns. LINC01002, FAM157C, CTD-2530H12.2, XLOC-064331 and XLOC-106677 were correlated with the 8 mRNAs. After measuring the expression of these molecules in 30 PNH patients by qRT‒PCR, lncRNA FAM157C was verified to be upregulated in the PNH clone, and its expression levels were positively correlated with the LDH levels and CD59- granulated and monocyte cell ratios. After knockdown of the FAM157C gene in the PIGA-KO-THP-1 cell line, we found that the cells were arrested in the G0/G1 phase and S phase, the apoptosis rate increased, and the cell proliferation decreased.LncRNA FAM157C was proven to promote PNH clone proliferation, and this is the first study to explore the role of lncRNAs in PNH.
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10
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Gandhi M, Bakhai V, Trivedi J, Mishra A, De Andrés F, LLerena A, Sharma R, Nair S. Current perspectives on interethnic variability in multiple myeloma: Single cell technology, population pharmacogenetics and molecular signal transduction. Transl Oncol 2022; 25:101532. [PMID: 36103755 PMCID: PMC9478452 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2022.101532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
This review discusses the emerging single cell technologies and applications in Multiple myeloma (MM), population pharmacogenetics of MM, resistance to chemotherapy, genetic determinants of drug-induced toxicity, molecular signal transduction. The role(s) of epigenetics and noncoding RNAs including microRNAs (miRNAs) and long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) that influence the risk and severity of MM are also discussed. It is understood that ethnic component acts as a driver of variable response to chemotherapy in different sub-populations globally. This review augments our understanding of genetic variability in ‘myelomagenesis’ and drug-induced toxicity, myeloma microenvironment at the molecular and cellular level, and developing precision medicine strategies to combat this malignancy. The emerging single cell technologies hold great promise for enhancing our understanding of MM tumor heterogeneity and clonal diversity.
Multiple myeloma (MM) is an aggressive cancer characterised by malignancy of the plasma cells and a rising global incidence. The gold standard for optimum response is aggressive chemotherapy followed by autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT). However, majority of the patients are above 60 years and this presents the clinician with complications such as ineligibility for ASCT, frailty, drug-induced toxicity and differential/partial response to treatment. The latter is partly driven by heterogenous genotypes of the disease in different subpopulations. In this review, we discuss emerging single cell technologies and applications in MM, population pharmacogenetics of MM, resistance to chemotherapy, genetic determinants of drug-induced toxicity, molecular signal transduction, as well as the role(s) played by epigenetics and noncoding RNAs including microRNAs (miRNAs) and long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) that influence the risk and severity of the disease. Taken together, our discussions further our understanding of genetic variability in ‘myelomagenesis’ and drug-induced toxicity, augment our understanding of the myeloma microenvironment at the molecular and cellular level and provide a basis for developing precision medicine strategies to combat this malignancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manav Gandhi
- Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, 6900 Lake Nona Blvd., Orlando, FL 32827, USA
| | - Viral Bakhai
- Shobhaben Pratapbhai Patel School of Pharmacy & Technology Management, SVKM's NMIMS University, V. L. Mehta Road, Vile Parle (West), Mumbai 400056, India
| | - Jash Trivedi
- University of Mumbai, Santa Cruz, Mumbai 400055, India
| | - Adarsh Mishra
- Shobhaben Pratapbhai Patel School of Pharmacy & Technology Management, SVKM's NMIMS University, V. L. Mehta Road, Vile Parle (West), Mumbai 400056, India
| | - Fernando De Andrés
- INUBE Extremadura Biosanitary Research Institute, Badajoz, Spain; Faculty of Medicine, University of Extremadura, Badajoz, Spain; CICAB Clinical Research Center, Pharmacogenetics and Personalized Medicine Unit, Badajoz University Hospital, Extremadura Health Service, Badajoz, Spain
| | - Adrián LLerena
- INUBE Extremadura Biosanitary Research Institute, Badajoz, Spain; Faculty of Medicine, University of Extremadura, Badajoz, Spain; CICAB Clinical Research Center, Pharmacogenetics and Personalized Medicine Unit, Badajoz University Hospital, Extremadura Health Service, Badajoz, Spain
| | - Rohit Sharma
- Department of Rasa Shastra and Bhaishajya Kalpana, Faculty of Ayurveda, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh 221005, India.
| | - Sujit Nair
- University of Mumbai, Santa Cruz, Mumbai 400055, India.
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11
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[Update on biology of primary plasma cell leukemia]. ZHONGHUA XUE YE XUE ZA ZHI = ZHONGHUA XUEYEXUE ZAZHI 2022; 43:603-607. [PMID: 36709141 PMCID: PMC9395563 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0253-2727.2022.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
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12
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Saltarella I, Apollonio B, Lamanuzzi A, Desantis V, Mariggiò MA, Desaphy JF, Vacca A, Frassanito MA. The Landscape of lncRNAs in Multiple Myeloma: Implications in the "Hallmarks of Cancer", Clinical Perspectives and Therapeutic Opportunities. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14081963. [PMID: 35454868 PMCID: PMC9032822 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14081963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Revised: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Multiple myeloma (MM) is an aggressive hematological neoplasia caused by the uncontrolled proliferation of aberrant plasmacells. Neoplastic transformation and progression are driven by a number of biological processes, called ‘hallmarks of cancer’, which are regulated by different molecules, including long non-coding RNAs. A deeper understanding of the mechanisms that regulate MM development and progression will help to improve patients stratification and management, and promote the identification of new therapeutic targets. Abstract Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are transcripts longer than 200 nucleotides that are not translated into proteins. Nowadays, lncRNAs are gaining importance as key regulators of gene expression and, consequently, of several biological functions in physiological and pathological conditions, including cancer. Here, we point out the role of lncRNAs in the pathogenesis of multiple myeloma (MM). We focus on their ability to regulate the biological processes identified as “hallmarks of cancer” that enable malignant cell transformation, early tumor onset and progression. The aberrant expression of lncRNAs in MM suggests their potential use as clinical biomarkers for diagnosis, patient stratification, and clinical management. Moreover, they represent ideal candidates for therapeutic targeting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria Saltarella
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, Unit of Internal Medicine “Guido Baccelli”, University of Bari Medical School, Piazza Giulio Cesare 11, I-70124 Bari, Italy; (I.S.); (B.A.); (A.L.); (V.D.); (A.V.)
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, Pharmacology Section, University of Bari Medical School, Piazza Giulio Cesare 11, I-70124 Bari, Italy;
| | - Benedetta Apollonio
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, Unit of Internal Medicine “Guido Baccelli”, University of Bari Medical School, Piazza Giulio Cesare 11, I-70124 Bari, Italy; (I.S.); (B.A.); (A.L.); (V.D.); (A.V.)
| | - Aurelia Lamanuzzi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, Unit of Internal Medicine “Guido Baccelli”, University of Bari Medical School, Piazza Giulio Cesare 11, I-70124 Bari, Italy; (I.S.); (B.A.); (A.L.); (V.D.); (A.V.)
| | - Vanessa Desantis
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, Unit of Internal Medicine “Guido Baccelli”, University of Bari Medical School, Piazza Giulio Cesare 11, I-70124 Bari, Italy; (I.S.); (B.A.); (A.L.); (V.D.); (A.V.)
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, Pharmacology Section, University of Bari Medical School, Piazza Giulio Cesare 11, I-70124 Bari, Italy;
| | - Maria Addolorata Mariggiò
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, Unit of General Pathology, University of Bari Aldo Moro, I-70124 Bari, Italy;
| | - Jean-François Desaphy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, Pharmacology Section, University of Bari Medical School, Piazza Giulio Cesare 11, I-70124 Bari, Italy;
| | - Angelo Vacca
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, Unit of Internal Medicine “Guido Baccelli”, University of Bari Medical School, Piazza Giulio Cesare 11, I-70124 Bari, Italy; (I.S.); (B.A.); (A.L.); (V.D.); (A.V.)
| | - Maria Antonia Frassanito
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, Unit of General Pathology, University of Bari Aldo Moro, I-70124 Bari, Italy;
- Correspondence:
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13
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Drandi D, Decruyenaere P, Ferrante M, Offner F, Vandesompele J, Ferrero S. Nucleic Acid Biomarkers in Waldenström Macroglobulinemia and IgM-MGUS: Current Insights and Clinical Relevance. Diagnostics (Basel) 2022; 12:diagnostics12040969. [PMID: 35454017 PMCID: PMC9028641 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics12040969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Revised: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Waldenström Macroglobulinemia (WM) is an indolent lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma, characterized by the production of excess immunoglobulin M monoclonal protein. WM belongs to the spectrum of IgM gammopathies, ranging from asymptomatic IgM monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (IgM-MGUS), through IgM-related disorders and asymptomatic WM to symptomatic WM. In recent years, its complex genomic and transcriptomic landscape has been extensively explored, hereby elucidating the biological mechanisms underlying disease onset, progression and therapy response. An increasing number of mutations, cytogenetic abnormalities, and molecular signatures have been described that have diagnostic, phenotype defining or prognostic implications. Moreover, cell-free nucleic acid biomarkers are increasingly being investigated, benefiting the patient in a minimally invasive way. This review aims to provide an extensive overview of molecular biomarkers in WM and IgM-MGUS, considering current shortcomings, as well as potential future applications in a precision medicine approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Drandi
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Hematology Division, University of Torino, 10126 Torino, Italy; (M.F.); (S.F.)
- Correspondence: (D.D.); (P.D.)
| | - Philippe Decruyenaere
- Department of Hematology, Ghent University Hospital, 9000 Ghent, Belgium;
- OncoRNALab, Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), 9000 Ghent, Belgium;
- Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
- Correspondence: (D.D.); (P.D.)
| | - Martina Ferrante
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Hematology Division, University of Torino, 10126 Torino, Italy; (M.F.); (S.F.)
| | - Fritz Offner
- Department of Hematology, Ghent University Hospital, 9000 Ghent, Belgium;
| | - Jo Vandesompele
- OncoRNALab, Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), 9000 Ghent, Belgium;
- Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Simone Ferrero
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Hematology Division, University of Torino, 10126 Torino, Italy; (M.F.); (S.F.)
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14
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Hofste Op Bruinink D, Kuiper R, van Duin M, Cupedo T, van der Velden VHJ, Hoogenboezem R, van der Holt B, Beverloo HB, Valent ET, Vermeulen M, Gay F, Broijl A, Avet-Loiseau H, Munshi NC, Musto P, Moreau P, Zweegman S, van de Donk NWCJ, Sonneveld P. Identification of High-Risk Multiple Myeloma With a Plasma Cell Leukemia-Like Transcriptomic Profile. J Clin Oncol 2022; 40:3132-3150. [PMID: 35357885 PMCID: PMC9509081 DOI: 10.1200/jco.21.01217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Primary plasma cell leukemia (pPCL) is an aggressive subtype of multiple myeloma, which is distinguished from newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (NDMM) on the basis of the presence of ≥ 20% circulating tumor cells (CTCs). A molecular marker for pPCL is currently lacking, which could help identify NDMM patients with high-risk PCL-like disease, despite not having been recognized as such clinically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davine Hofste Op Bruinink
- Department of Hematology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.,Department of Immunology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Rowan Kuiper
- Department of Hematology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.,SkylineDx, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Mark van Duin
- Department of Hematology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Tom Cupedo
- Department of Hematology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | | | - Remco Hoogenboezem
- Department of Hematology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Bronno van der Holt
- HOVON Data Center, Department of Hematology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - H Berna Beverloo
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | | | - Michael Vermeulen
- Department of Hematology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Francesca Gay
- Myeloma Unit, Division of Hematology, University of Torino, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Annemiek Broijl
- Department of Hematology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | | | - Nikhil C Munshi
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Pellegrino Musto
- "Aldo Moro" University School of Medicine, Unit of Hematology and Stem Cell Transplantation, AOUC Policlinico, Bari, Italy
| | - Philippe Moreau
- Hematology Department, University Hospital Hôtel-Dieu, Nantes, France
| | - Sonja Zweegman
- Department of Hematology, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Niels W C J van de Donk
- Department of Hematology, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Pieter Sonneveld
- Department of Hematology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
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15
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Rojas EA, Gutiérrez NC. Genomics of Plasma Cell Leukemia. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14061594. [PMID: 35326746 PMCID: PMC8946729 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14061594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Revised: 03/12/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Plasma cell leukemia (PCL) is a very aggressive plasma cell disorder with a dismal prognosis, despite the therapeutic progress made in the last few years. The implementation of genomic high-throughput technologies in the clinical setting has revealed new insights into the genomic landscape of PCL, some of which may have an impact on the development of novel therapeutic approaches. The purpose of this review is to provide a comprehensive overview and update of the genomic studies carried out in PCL. Abstract Plasma cell leukemia (PCL) is a rare and highly aggressive plasma cell dyscrasia characterized by the presence of clonal circulating plasma cells in peripheral blood. PCL accounts for approximately 2–4% of all multiple myeloma (MM) cases. PCL can be classified in primary PCL (pPCL) when it appears de novo and in secondary PCL (sPCL) when it arises from a pre-existing relapsed/refractory MM. Despite the improvement in treatment modalities, the prognosis remains very poor. There is growing evidence that pPCL is a different clinicopathological entity as compared to MM, although the mechanisms underlying its pathogenesis are not fully elucidated. The development of new high-throughput technologies, such as microarrays and new generation sequencing (NGS), has contributed to a better understanding of the peculiar biological and clinical features of this disease. Relevant information is now available on cytogenetic alterations, genetic variants, transcriptome, methylation patterns, and non-coding RNA profiles. Additionally, attempts have been made to integrate genomic alterations with gene expression data. However, given the low frequency of PCL, most of the genetic information comes from retrospective studies with a small number of patients, sometimes leading to inconsistent results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeta A. Rojas
- Hematology Department, University Hospital of Salamanca, Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain;
- Cancer Research Center-Institute of Cancer Molecular and Cellular Biology (CIC-IBMCC) (USAL-CSIC), 37007 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Norma C. Gutiérrez
- Hematology Department, University Hospital of Salamanca, Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain;
- Cancer Research Center-Institute of Cancer Molecular and Cellular Biology (CIC-IBMCC) (USAL-CSIC), 37007 Salamanca, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), CB16/12/00233, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Grupo Español de Mieloma (GEM), 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-923-291-200 (ext. 56617)
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16
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Stage-Specific Non-Coding RNA Expression Patterns during In Vitro Human B Cell Differentiation into Antibody Secreting Plasma Cells. Noncoding RNA 2022; 8:ncrna8010015. [PMID: 35202088 PMCID: PMC8878715 DOI: 10.3390/ncrna8010015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Revised: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The differentiation of B cells into antibody secreting plasma cells (PCs) is governed by a strict regulatory network that results in expression of specific transcriptomes along the activation continuum. In vitro models yielding significant numbers of PCs phenotypically identical to the in vivo state enable investigation of pathways, metabolomes, and non-coding (ncRNAs) not previously identified. The objective of our study was to characterize ncRNA expression during human B cell activation and differentiation. To achieve this, we used an in vitro system and performed RNA-seq on resting and activated B cells and PCs. Characterization of coding gene transcripts, including immunoglobulin (Ig), validated our system and also demonstrated that memory B cells preferentially differentiated into PCs. Importantly, we identified more than 980 ncRNA transcripts that are differentially expressed across the stages of activation and differentiation, some of which are known to target transcription, proliferation, cytoskeletal, autophagy and proteasome pathways. Interestingly, ncRNAs located within Ig loci may be targeting both Ig and non-Ig-related transcripts. ncRNAs associated with B cell malignancies were also identified. Taken together, this system provides a platform to study the role of specific ncRNAs in B cell differentiation and altered expression of those ncRNAs involved in B cell malignancies.
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17
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Dissecting the Biological Relevance and Clinical Impact of lncRNA MIAT in Multiple Myeloma. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13215518. [PMID: 34771679 PMCID: PMC8583301 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13215518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Revised: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The interest in the biological role and clinical impact of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in multiple myeloma (MM) is continuously expanding. Many studies, mainly involving solid tumors, have strongly suggested the MIAT oncogenic role; more recently, it has been suggested that MIAT may have a role in inducing Bortezomib resistance in MM. However, data concerning MIAT deregulation in MM are virtually absent. In this context, we investigated the expression pattern and the clinical relevance of the lncRNA MIAT in MM, taking advantage of the publicly available CoMMpass database. Our findings prompt further studies to elucidate better the significance of MIAT in MM. Abstract The biological impact of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in multiple myeloma (MM) is becoming an essential aspect of the investigation, which may contribute to understanding the disease’s complex pathobiology, providing novel potential therapeutic targets. Herein, we investigated the expression pattern and the clinical relevance of the lncRNA MIAT in MM, taking advantage of the publicly available CoMMpass database. MIAT expression in MM is highly heterogeneous and significantly associated with specific molecular lesions frequently occurring in MM. Transcriptome analyses of MM PCs from patients included in the CoMMpass database indicated a potential involvement of MIAT in different signaling pathways and ribosome biogenesis and assembly. These findings suggest that MIAT deregulation may play a pathogenetic role in MM by affecting both proliferation pathways and, indirectly, the translational process. Although MIAT expression levels seem not to be significantly associated with clinical outcome in multivariate analyses, high MIAT expression levels are associated with bortezomib resistance, this suggesting that MIAT targeting could overcome drug resistance in MM. These findings strongly prompt for further studies investigating the significance of MIAT in MM.
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18
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Todoerti K, Taiana E, Puccio N, Favasuli V, Lionetti M, Silvestris I, Gentile M, Musto P, Morabito F, Gianelli U, Bolli N, Baldini L, Neri A, Ronchetti D. Transcriptomic Analysis in Multiple Myeloma and Primary Plasma Cell Leukemia with t(11;14) Reveals Different Expression Patterns with Biological Implications in Venetoclax Sensitivity. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13194898. [PMID: 34638381 PMCID: PMC8508148 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13194898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The growing interest in BCL2 inhibitors for the treatment of multiple myeloma (MM) has led to the need for biomarkers that are able to predict patient’s sensitivity to the drug. The presence of the chromosomal translocation t(11;14) in MM is mainly associated with sensitivity to venetoclax and good prognosis. The incidence of t(11;14) largely increases in primary Plasma Cell Leukemia (pPCL) in association with an unfavorable outcome. Currently, data concerning pPCL sensitivity to venetoclax are virtually absent. In this context, we investigated the transcriptome of MM and pPCL with t(11;14), evidencing that the two clinical entities are likely responsive to venetoclax based on different molecular programs, thus prompting further studies to elucidate better novel potential predictive biomarkers. Abstract Mechanisms underlying the pathophysiology of primary Plasma Cell Leukemia (pPCL) and intramedullary multiple myeloma (MM) need to be further elucidated, being potentially relevant for improving therapeutic approaches. In such a context, the MM and pPCL subgroups characterized by t(11;14) deserve a focused investigation, as the presence of the translocation is mainly associated with sensitivity to venetoclax. Herein, we investigated a proprietary cohort of MM and pPCL patients, focusing on the transcriptional signature of samples carrying t(11;14), whose incidence increases in pPCL in association with an unfavorable outcome. In addition, we evaluated the expression levels of the BCL2-gene family members and of a panel of B-cell genes recently reported to be associated with sensitivity to venetoclax in MM. Moreover, transcriptional analysis of lncRNAs in the two clinical settings led to the identification of several differentially expressed transcripts, among which the SNGH6 deregulated lncRNA might be relevant in the pathogenesis and prognosis of pPCL with t(11;14). Overall, our data suggest that MMs and pPCLs with t(11;14) might be responsive to venetoclax based on different molecular programs, prompting further studies to elucidate better novel potential predictive biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katia Todoerti
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy; (K.T.); (E.T.); (N.P.); (V.F.); (M.L.); (I.S.); (N.B.); (L.B.)
- Hematology, Fondazione Cà Granda IRCCS Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Elisa Taiana
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy; (K.T.); (E.T.); (N.P.); (V.F.); (M.L.); (I.S.); (N.B.); (L.B.)
- Hematology, Fondazione Cà Granda IRCCS Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Noemi Puccio
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy; (K.T.); (E.T.); (N.P.); (V.F.); (M.L.); (I.S.); (N.B.); (L.B.)
| | - Vanessa Favasuli
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy; (K.T.); (E.T.); (N.P.); (V.F.); (M.L.); (I.S.); (N.B.); (L.B.)
- Hematology, Fondazione Cà Granda IRCCS Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Marta Lionetti
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy; (K.T.); (E.T.); (N.P.); (V.F.); (M.L.); (I.S.); (N.B.); (L.B.)
- Hematology, Fondazione Cà Granda IRCCS Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Ilaria Silvestris
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy; (K.T.); (E.T.); (N.P.); (V.F.); (M.L.); (I.S.); (N.B.); (L.B.)
- Hematology, Fondazione Cà Granda IRCCS Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Massimo Gentile
- Hematology Unit, “Annunziata” Hospital of Cosenza, 87100 Cosenza, Italy;
| | - Pellegrino Musto
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, “Aldo Moro” University School of Medicine, 70124 Bari, Italy;
- Unit of Hematology and Stem Cell Transplantation, AOUC Policlinico, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Fortunato Morabito
- Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplant Unit, Hemato-Oncology Department, Augusta Victoria Hospital, East Jerusalem 91191, Israel;
- Biotechnology Research Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera di Cosenza, 87100 Cosenza, Italy
| | - Umberto Gianelli
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy;
- Division of Pathology, Fondazione Cà Granda IRCCS Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Niccolò Bolli
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy; (K.T.); (E.T.); (N.P.); (V.F.); (M.L.); (I.S.); (N.B.); (L.B.)
- Hematology, Fondazione Cà Granda IRCCS Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Luca Baldini
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy; (K.T.); (E.T.); (N.P.); (V.F.); (M.L.); (I.S.); (N.B.); (L.B.)
- Hematology, Fondazione Cà Granda IRCCS Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Antonino Neri
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy; (K.T.); (E.T.); (N.P.); (V.F.); (M.L.); (I.S.); (N.B.); (L.B.)
- Hematology, Fondazione Cà Granda IRCCS Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy
- Correspondence: (A.N.); (D.R.)
| | - Domenica Ronchetti
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy; (K.T.); (E.T.); (N.P.); (V.F.); (M.L.); (I.S.); (N.B.); (L.B.)
- Hematology, Fondazione Cà Granda IRCCS Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy
- Correspondence: (A.N.); (D.R.)
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19
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Gowin K, Skerget S, Keats JJ, Mikhael J, Cowan AJ. Plasma cell leukemia: A review of the molecular classification, diagnosis, and evidenced-based treatment. Leuk Res 2021; 111:106687. [PMID: 34425325 DOI: 10.1016/j.leukres.2021.106687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Revised: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 08/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Plasma cell leukemia is a rare and aggressive plasma cell dyscrasia associated with dismal outcomes. It may arise de novo, primary plasma cell leukemia, or evolve from an antecedent diagnosis of multiple myeloma, secondary plasma cell leukemia. Despite highly effective therapeutics, survival for plasma cell leukemia patients remains poor. Molecular knowledge of plasma cell leukemia has recently expanded with use of gene expression profiling and whole exome sequencing, lending new insights into prognosis and therapeutic development. In this review, we describe the molecular knowledge, clinical characteristics, evidenced-based therapeutic approaches and treatment outcomes of plasma cell leukemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krisstina Gowin
- University of Arizona, Department of Bone Marrow Transplant and Cellular Therapy, Tucson, AZ, United States.
| | - Sheri Skerget
- Translational Genomics Research Institute (TGen), Integrated Cancer Genomics Division, Phoenix, AZ, United States
| | - Jonathan J Keats
- Translational Genomics Research Institute (TGen), Integrated Cancer Genomics Division, Phoenix, AZ, United States
| | - Joseph Mikhael
- Translational Genomics Research Institute (TGen), Applied Cancer Research and Drug Discovery Division, Phoenix, AZ, United States
| | - Andrew J Cowan
- University of Washington, Department of Hematology Oncology, Seattle, WA, United States
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20
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Lu M, Wu Y, Gao W, Tian Y, Wang G, Liu A, Chen W. Novel Non-coding RNA Analysis in Multiple Myeloma Identified Through High-Throughput Sequencing. Front Genet 2021; 12:625019. [PMID: 34108986 PMCID: PMC8181418 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.625019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to explore the potential effects of novel non-coding ribose nucleic acids (ncRNAs) in patients with multiple myeloma (MM). The gene expression profile of plasma cells was used for sequence analysis to explore the expression pattern of ncRNAs in MM. The expression patterns of non-coding RNAs in MM were analyzed by RNA sequencing (whole-transcriptome-specific RNA sequencing). Next, the expression of the selected ncRNAs was verified by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Further, the lncRNA-associated competitive endogenous RNA network in MM was elucidated using deep RNA-seq. Differentially expressed (DE) ncRNAs were significantly regulated in patients with MM. DE target lncRNAs were analyzed by cis and trans targeting prediction. Two new lncRNAs were shown to be related to MM oncogenes. MSTRG.155519 played a carcinogenic role in myeloma by targeting CEACAM1; MSTRG.13132 was related to FAM46C. Finally, the network of lncRNA–mRNA–miRNA in MM was constructed in this study. The expression of non-coding RNAs through sequence and functional analyses might be helpful for further studies on the pathogenesis of MM and the development of new MM-targeted therapy for non-coding RNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minqiu Lu
- Department of Hematology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Department of Hematology, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Fourth Medical College of Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yin Wu
- Department of Hematology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Wen Gao
- Department of Hematology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Tian
- Department of Hematology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Guorong Wang
- Department of Hematology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Aijun Liu
- Department of Hematology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Wenming Chen
- Department of Hematology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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21
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Sheng XF, Hong LL, Li H, Huang FY, Wen Q, Zhuang HF. Long non-coding RNA MALAT1 modulate cell migration, proliferation and apoptosis by sponging microRNA-146a to regulate CXCR4 expression in acute myeloid leukemia. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021; 26:43-52. [PMID: 33382018 DOI: 10.1080/16078454.2020.1867781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate the role of Metastasis-associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1 (MALAT1) in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and analyze the potential regulatory network of MALAT1/miR-146a/ CXCR4. METHODS The expressions of MALAT1, miR-146a and CXCR4 were performed by qRT-PCR and Western Blot. We conducted trans-well assay, CCK-8 assay and flow cytometry to evaluate the migration, proliferation and apoptosis of AML cells. Also by using luciferase reporter assay, we investigated the interaction between miR-146a and MALAT1 or CXCR4. RESULTS Firstly, MALAT1 and CXCR4 were upregulated while miR-146a was downregulated in AML patients compared with healthy controls. We observed a negative correlation between miR-146a and MALAT1 or CXCR4, but a positive correlation between MALAT1 and CXCR4 in AML patients. MALAT1 knockdown inhibited migration and proliferation but induced apoptosis of HL-60 cells. MALAT1 restrained miR-146a expression by acting as a ceRNA. miR-146a regulated HL-60 cells migration, proliferation and apoptosis by directly targeting CXCR4 expression. Finally, we found that CXCR4 expression was downregulated by MALAT1 knockdown and partially restored by miR-146a abrogation. CONCLUSIONS Our results showed that MALAT1 regulates migration, proliferation and apoptosis by sponging miR-146a to regulate CXCR4 expression in AML cells, providing novel insights into the role of MALAT1 as a therapeutic target in AML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xian-Fu Sheng
- The department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Li-Li Hong
- The department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Li
- The department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Fei-Yan Huang
- The department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiang Wen
- The department of Cancer, Cancer Hospital of University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Hai-Feng Zhuang
- The department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
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22
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Identification and Validation of a Potential Prognostic 7-lncRNA Signature for Predicting Survival in Patients with Multiple Myeloma. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 2020:3813546. [PMID: 33204693 PMCID: PMC7661128 DOI: 10.1155/2020/3813546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Revised: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND An increasing number of studies have indicated that the abnormal expression of certain long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) is linked to the overall survival (OS) of patients with myeloma. METHODS Gene expression data of myeloma patients were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database (GSE4581 and GSE57317). Cox regression analysis, Kaplan-Meier, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis were performed to construct and validate the prediction model. Single sample gene set enrichment (ssGSEA) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis were used to predict the function of a specified lncRNA. RESULTS In this study, a seven-lncRNA signature was identified and used to construct a risk score system for myeloma prognosis. This system was used to stratify patients with different survival rates in the training set into high-risk and low-risk groups. Test set, the entire test set, the external validation set, and the myeloma subtype achieved the authentication of the results. In addition, functional enrichment analysis indicated that 7 prognostic lncRNAs may be involved in the tumorigenesis of myeloma through cancer-related pathways and biological processes. The results of the immune score showed that IF_I was negatively correlated with the risk score. Compared with the published gene signature, the 7-lncRNA model has a higher C-index (above 0.8). CONCLUSION In summary, our data provide evidence that seven lncRNAs could be used as independent biomarkers to predict the prognosis of myeloma, which also indicated that these 7 lncRNAs may be involved in the progression of myeloma.
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23
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Drillis G, Goulielmaki M, Spandidos DA, Aggelaki S, Zoumpourlis V. Non-coding RNAs (miRNAs and lncRNAs) and their roles in lymphogenesis in all types of lymphomas and lymphoid malignancies. Oncol Lett 2021; 21:393. [PMID: 33777216 PMCID: PMC7988683 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2021.12654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 02/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Contemporary developments in molecular biology have been combined with discoveries on the analysis of the role of all non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) in human diseases, particularly in cancer, by examining their roles in cells. Currently, included among these common types of cancer, are all the lymphomas and lymphoid malignancies, which represent a diverse group of neoplasms and malignant disorders. Initial data suggest that non-coding RNAs, particularly long ncRNAs (lncRNAs), play key roles in oncogenesis and that lncRNA-mediated biology is an important key pathway to cancer progression. Other non-coding RNAs, termed microRNAs (miRNAs or miRs), are very promising cancer molecular biomarkers. They can be detected in tissues, cell lines, biopsy material and all biological fluids, such as blood. With the number of well-characterized cancer-related lncRNAs and miRNAs increasing, the study of the roles of non-coding RNAs in cancer is bringing forth new hypotheses of the biology of cancerous cells. For the first time, to the best of our knowledge, the present review provides an up-to-date summary of the recent literature referring to all diagnosed ncRNAs that mediate the pathogenesis of all types of lymphomas and lymphoid malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgios Drillis
- 1st Internal Medicine Clinic, Medical School, Laiko University Hospital of Athens, 115 27 Athens, Greece
| | - Maria Goulielmaki
- Biomedical Applications Unit, Institute of Chemical Biology, National Hellenic Research Foundation (NHRF), 116 35 Athens, Greece
| | - Demetrios A Spandidos
- Laboratory of Clinical Virology, Medical School, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Sofia Aggelaki
- Oncology Unit, Medical School, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Vassilios Zoumpourlis
- Biomedical Applications Unit, Institute of Chemical Biology, National Hellenic Research Foundation (NHRF), 116 35 Athens, Greece
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24
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Epigenetic Aberrations in Multiple Myeloma. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12102996. [PMID: 33076518 PMCID: PMC7602661 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12102996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2020] [Revised: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Multiple Myeloma (MM) is a blood cancer characterized by an uncontrolled growth of cells named plasma cells, within the bone marrow. Patients with MM may present with anemia, bone lesions and kidney impairment. Several studies have been performed in order to provide an explanation to how this tumor may develop. Among them, the so called “epigenetic modifications” certainly represent important players that have been shown to support MM development and disease progression. The present article aims to summarize the current knowledge in the specific are of “epigenetics” in MM. Abstract Multiple myeloma (MM) is a plasma cell dyscrasia characterized by proliferation of clonal plasma cells within the bone marrow. Several advances in defining key processes responsible for MM pathogenesis and disease progression have been made; and dysregulation of epigenetics, including DNA methylation and histone modification, has emerged as a crucial regulator of MM pathogenesis. In the present review article, we will focus on the role of epigenetic modifications within the specific context of MM.
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25
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Raimondi L, De Luca A, Giavaresi G, Raimondo S, Gallo A, Taiana E, Alessandro R, Rossi M, Neri A, Viglietto G, Amodio N. Non-Coding RNAs in Multiple Myeloma Bone Disease Pathophysiology. Noncoding RNA 2020; 6:ncrna6030037. [PMID: 32916806 PMCID: PMC7549375 DOI: 10.3390/ncrna6030037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2020] [Revised: 08/27/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone remodeling is uncoupled in the multiple myeloma (MM) bone marrow niche, resulting in enhanced osteoclastogenesis responsible of MM-related bone disease (MMBD). Several studies have disclosed the mechanisms underlying increased osteoclast formation and activity triggered by the various cellular components of the MM bone marrow microenvironment, leading to the identification of novel targets for therapeutic intervention. In this regard, recent attention has been given to non-coding RNA (ncRNA) molecules, that finely tune gene expression programs involved in bone homeostasis both in physiological and pathological settings. In this review, we will analyze major signaling pathways involved in MMBD pathophysiology, and report emerging evidence of their regulation by different classes of ncRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lavinia Raimondi
- IRCSS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, SC Scienze e Tecnologie Chirurgiche–SS Piattaforma Scienze Omiche per Ortopedia Personalizzata, 40136 Bologna, Italy; (A.D.L.); (G.G.)
- Correspondence: (L.R.); (N.A.); Tel.: +39-091-6236011 (L.R.); +39-0961-3694159 (N.A.)
| | - Angela De Luca
- IRCSS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, SC Scienze e Tecnologie Chirurgiche–SS Piattaforma Scienze Omiche per Ortopedia Personalizzata, 40136 Bologna, Italy; (A.D.L.); (G.G.)
| | - Gianluca Giavaresi
- IRCSS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, SC Scienze e Tecnologie Chirurgiche–SS Piattaforma Scienze Omiche per Ortopedia Personalizzata, 40136 Bologna, Italy; (A.D.L.); (G.G.)
| | - Stefania Raimondo
- Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics (Bi.N.D), Section of Biology and Genetics, University of Palermo, 90133 Palermo, Italy; (S.R.); (R.A.)
| | - Alessia Gallo
- IRCCS ISMETT (Istituto Mediterraneo per i Trapianti e Terapie ad alta specializzazione), Research Department, 90127 Palermo, Italy;
| | - Elisa Taiana
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-oncology, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy; (E.T.); (A.N.)
- Hematology, Fondazione Cà Granda IRCCS Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Riccardo Alessandro
- Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics (Bi.N.D), Section of Biology and Genetics, University of Palermo, 90133 Palermo, Italy; (S.R.); (R.A.)
- Institute for Biomedical Research and Innovation (IRIB), National Research Council (CNR), 90146 Palermo, Italy
| | - Marco Rossi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (M.R.); (G.V.)
| | - Antonino Neri
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-oncology, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy; (E.T.); (A.N.)
- Hematology, Fondazione Cà Granda IRCCS Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Viglietto
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (M.R.); (G.V.)
| | - Nicola Amodio
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (M.R.); (G.V.)
- Correspondence: (L.R.); (N.A.); Tel.: +39-091-6236011 (L.R.); +39-0961-3694159 (N.A.)
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26
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The long non-coding RNA CRNDE regulates growth of multiple myeloma cells via an effect on IL6 signalling. Leukemia 2020; 35:1710-1721. [PMID: 32879426 DOI: 10.1038/s41375-020-01034-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2020] [Revised: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) is a currently incurable malignancy of antibody-secreting plasma cells. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been recognised as an important class of regulatory molecules which are increasingly implicated in tumorigenesis. While recent studies have demonstrated changes in expression of lncRNAs in MM, the functional significance and molecular pathways downstream of these changes remain poorly characterised. In this study, we have performed CRISPR-mediated deletion of the locus encoding the lncRNA Colorectal Neoplasia Differentially Expressed (CRNDE), a known oncogenic lncRNA that is overexpressed in plasma cells of MM patients and is a marker of poor prognosis. We found that CRISPR-mediated deletion of the CRNDE locus in MM cells decreases proliferation and adhesion properties, increases sensitivity to Dexamethasone and reduces tumour growth in an in vivo xenograft model. Transcriptomic profiling in CRNDE-deleted MM cells demonstrated that CRNDE activates expression of a number of genes previously implicated in the aetiology of MM, including IL6R. We further demonstrate that deletion of the CRNDE locus diminishes IL6 signalling and proliferative responses in MM cells. Altogether this study reveals the IL6 signalling pathway as a novel mechanism by which CRNDE impacts upon MM cell growth and disease progression.
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27
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Arun G, Aggarwal D, Spector DL. MALAT1 Long Non-Coding RNA: Functional Implications. Noncoding RNA 2020; 6:E22. [PMID: 32503170 PMCID: PMC7344863 DOI: 10.3390/ncrna6020022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2020] [Revised: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The mammalian genome is pervasively transcribed and the functional significance of many long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) transcripts are gradually being elucidated. Metastasis Associated Lung Adenocarcinoma Transcript 1 (MALAT1) is one of the most well-studied lncRNAs. MALAT1 is a highly conserved nuclear retained lncRNA that is abundantly expressed in cells and tissues and has been shown to play a role in regulating genes at both the transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels in a context-dependent manner. However, Malat1 has been shown to be dispensable for normal development and viability in mice. Interestingly, accumulating evidence suggests that MALAT1 plays an important role in numerous diseases including cancer. Here, we discuss the current state-of-knowledge in regard to MALAT1 with respect to its function, role in diseases, and the potential therapeutic opportunities for targeting MALAT1 using antisense oligonucleotides and small molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gayatri Arun
- Envisagenics, 101 Avenue of the Americas, New York, NY 10013, USA;
| | - Disha Aggarwal
- Graduate Program in Genetics, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, NY 11794, USA;
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, New York, NY 11724, USA
| | - David L. Spector
- Graduate Program in Genetics, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, NY 11794, USA;
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, New York, NY 11724, USA
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28
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Ronchetti D, Todoerti K, Vinci C, Favasuli V, Agnelli L, Manzoni M, Pelizzoni F, Chiaramonte R, Platonova N, Giuliani N, Tassone P, Amodio N, Neri A, Taiana E. Expression Pattern and Biological Significance of the lncRNA ST3GAL6-AS1 in Multiple Myeloma. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12040782. [PMID: 32218309 PMCID: PMC7225964 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12040782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2020] [Revised: 03/16/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The biological impact of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in multiple myeloma (MM) is becoming an important aspect of investigation, which may contribute to the understanding of the complex pathobiology of the disease whilst also providing novel potential therapeutic targets. Herein, we investigated the expression pattern and the biological significance of the lncRNA ST3 beta-galactoside alpha-2,3 sialyltransferase 6 antisense RNA 1 (ST3GAL6-AS1) in MM. We documented a high ST3GAL6-AS1 expression level in MM compared to normal plasma cells (PCs) or other hematological malignancies. Transcriptome analyses of MM PCs from patients included in the CoMMpass database indicated a potential involvement of ST3GAL6-AS1 in MAPK signaling and ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis pathways. ST3GAL6-AS1 silencing by LNA-gapmeR antisense oligonucleotides inhibits cell proliferation and triggers apoptosis in MM cell line. Notably, ST3GAL6-AS1 silencing in vitro displayed the down-regulation of the MAPK pathway and protein ubiquitination. These data suggest that ST3GAL6-AS1 deregulation may play a pathogenetic role in MM by affecting both proliferation pathways and circuits fundamental for PC survival. However, ST3GAL6-AS1 expression levels seem not to be significantly associated with clinical outcome and its targeting appears to exert antagonistic effects with proteasome inhibitors used in MM. These findings strongly urge the need for further studies investigating the relevance of ST3GAL6-AS1 in MM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Domenica Ronchetti
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy; (D.R.); (C.V.); (V.F.); (L.A.); (M.M.); (E.T.)
- Hematology, Fondazione Cà Granda IRCCS Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy; (K.T.); (F.P.)
| | - Katia Todoerti
- Hematology, Fondazione Cà Granda IRCCS Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy; (K.T.); (F.P.)
| | - Cristina Vinci
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy; (D.R.); (C.V.); (V.F.); (L.A.); (M.M.); (E.T.)
| | - Vanessa Favasuli
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy; (D.R.); (C.V.); (V.F.); (L.A.); (M.M.); (E.T.)
- Hematology, Fondazione Cà Granda IRCCS Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy; (K.T.); (F.P.)
| | - Luca Agnelli
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy; (D.R.); (C.V.); (V.F.); (L.A.); (M.M.); (E.T.)
| | - Martina Manzoni
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy; (D.R.); (C.V.); (V.F.); (L.A.); (M.M.); (E.T.)
- Hematology, Fondazione Cà Granda IRCCS Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy; (K.T.); (F.P.)
| | - Francesca Pelizzoni
- Hematology, Fondazione Cà Granda IRCCS Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy; (K.T.); (F.P.)
| | - Raffaella Chiaramonte
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Milan, 20142 Milan, Italy; (R.C.); (N.P.)
| | - Natalia Platonova
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Milan, 20142 Milan, Italy; (R.C.); (N.P.)
| | - Nicola Giuliani
- Hematology and BMT Unit, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Parma, 43125 Parma, Italy;
| | - Pierfrancesco Tassone
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (P.T.); (N.A.)
| | - Nicola Amodio
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (P.T.); (N.A.)
| | - Antonino Neri
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy; (D.R.); (C.V.); (V.F.); (L.A.); (M.M.); (E.T.)
- Hematology, Fondazione Cà Granda IRCCS Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy; (K.T.); (F.P.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-02-5032-0420; Fax: +39-02-5032-0403
| | - Elisa Taiana
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy; (D.R.); (C.V.); (V.F.); (L.A.); (M.M.); (E.T.)
- Hematology, Fondazione Cà Granda IRCCS Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy; (K.T.); (F.P.)
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29
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El-Khazragy N, Esmaiel MA, Mohamed MM, Hassan NS. Upregulation of long noncoding RNA Lnc-IRF2-3 and Lnc-ZNF667-AS1 is associated with poor survival in B-chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Int J Lab Hematol 2020; 42:284-291. [PMID: 32083800 DOI: 10.1111/ijlh.13167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Revised: 01/22/2020] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lnc-IRF2-3 and Lnc-ZNF667-AS1 were recently studied as a positive biomarker for many tumor cells. However, experimental studies found that they are associated with worse outcomes in B-CLL. METHODS A prospective case study was conducted on 135 B-CLL patients that were compared to thirty healthy controls. The patients were followed up for 40 months and quantitative measurements of Lnc-IRF2-3 and Lnc-ZNF667-AS1 were measured and compared between the two groups as well as high-risk and low low-risk B-CLL. RESULTS Lnc-IRF2-3 and Lnc-ZNF667-AS1 had a high specificity (94% and 85%) and sensitivity (85%, 87%), respectively, to differentiate B-CLL from healthy controls. Furthermore, they showed high expression levels in high-risk CLL groups. For survival analysis, there was a negative correlation between overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) and both biomarkers. However, it was not evident in multivariate Cox regression analysis; in patients with Lnc-IRF2-3 expression level, >67 had a significant decrease in OS and PFS. However, there is no significant effect for high expression levels of Lnc-ZNF667-AS1 on OS (P = .16) or PFS (P = .48). CONCLUSION The Lnc-IRF2-3 and Lnc-ZNF667-AS1 are promising prognostic biomarkers in B-CLL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nashwa El-Khazragy
- Clinical Pathology/Hematology and Biomedical Research Departments, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.,Global Research Labs, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Marwa A Esmaiel
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Ain shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Magdy M Mohamed
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Ain shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Nahla S Hassan
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Ain shams University, Cairo, Egypt
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30
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Di Marco T, Bianchi F, Sfondrini L, Todoerti K, Bongarzone I, Maffioli EM, Tedeschi G, Mazzoni M, Pagliardini S, Pellegrini S, Neri A, Anania MC, Greco A. COPZ1 depletion in thyroid tumor cells triggers type I IFN response and immunogenic cell death. Cancer Lett 2020; 476:106-119. [PMID: 32061953 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2020.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2019] [Revised: 02/07/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The coatomer protein complex zeta 1 (COPZ1) represents a non-oncogene addiction for thyroid cancer (TC); its depletion impairs the viability of thyroid tumor cells, leads to abortive autophagy, ER stress, UPR and apoptosis, and reduces tumor growth of TC xenograft models. In this study we investigated the molecular pathways activated by COPZ1 depletion and the paracrine effects on cellular microenvironment and immune response. By comprehensive and target approaches we demonstrated that COPZ1 depletion in TPC-1 and 8505C thyroid tumor cell lines activates type I IFN pathway and viral mimicry responses. The secretome from COPZ1-depleted cells was enriched for several inflammatory molecules and damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs). Moreover, we found that dendritic cells, exposed to these secretomes, expressed high levels of differentiation and maturation markers, and stimulated the proliferation of naïve T cells. Interestingly, T cells stimulated with COPZ1-depleted cells showed increased cytotoxic activity against parental tumor cells. Collectively, our findings support the notion that targeting COPZ1 may represent a promising therapeutic approach for TC, considering its specificity for cancer cells, the lack of effect on normal cells, and the capacity to prompt an anti-tumor immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiziana Di Marco
- Molecular Mechanisms Unit, Department of Research, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Dei Tumori, Via G.A. Amadeo, 42, 20133, Milan, Italy.
| | - Francesca Bianchi
- Molecular Targeting Unit, Department of Research, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Dei Tumori, Via G.A. Amadeo, 42, 20133, Milan, Italy.
| | - Lucia Sfondrini
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche per La Salute, University of Milan, Via Mangiagalli, 31, 20133, Milan, Italy.
| | - Katia Todoerti
- Hematology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Via Francesco Sforza, 35, 20122, Milan, Italy.
| | - Italia Bongarzone
- Molecular Mechanisms Unit, Department of Research, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Dei Tumori, Via G.A. Amadeo, 42, 20133, Milan, Italy.
| | | | - Gabriella Tedeschi
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Milan, Via Celoria, 10, 20133, Milan, Italy; Fondazione Filarete, Via Celoria, 10, 20133, Milan, Italy.
| | - Mara Mazzoni
- Molecular Mechanisms Unit, Department of Research, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Dei Tumori, Via G.A. Amadeo, 42, 20133, Milan, Italy.
| | - Sonia Pagliardini
- Molecular Mechanisms Unit, Department of Research, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Dei Tumori, Via G.A. Amadeo, 42, 20133, Milan, Italy.
| | - Sandra Pellegrini
- Institut Pasteur, Unit of Cytokine Signaling, Inserm U1221, 75724, Paris, France.
| | - Antonino Neri
- Hematology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Via Francesco Sforza, 35, 20122, Milan, Italy; Department of Oncology and Hemato-oncology, University of Milan, Italy Via Francesco Sforza, 35, 20122, Milan, Italy.
| | - Maria Chiara Anania
- Molecular Mechanisms Unit, Department of Research, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Dei Tumori, Via G.A. Amadeo, 42, 20133, Milan, Italy.
| | - Angela Greco
- Molecular Mechanisms Unit, Department of Research, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Dei Tumori, Via G.A. Amadeo, 42, 20133, Milan, Italy.
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The Non-Coding RNA Landscape of Plasma Cell Dyscrasias. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12020320. [PMID: 32019064 PMCID: PMC7072200 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12020320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2020] [Revised: 01/22/2020] [Accepted: 01/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite substantial advancements have been done in the understanding of the pathogenesis of plasma cell (PC) disorders, these malignancies remain hard-to-treat. The discovery and subsequent characterization of non-coding transcripts, which include several members with diverse length and mode of action, has unraveled novel mechanisms of gene expression regulation often malfunctioning in cancer. Increasing evidence indicates that such non-coding molecules also feature in the pathobiology of PC dyscrasias, where they are endowed with strong therapeutic and/or prognostic potential. In this review, we aim to summarize the most relevant findings on the biological and clinical features of the non-coding RNA landscape of malignant PCs, with major focus on multiple myeloma. The most relevant classes of non-coding RNAs will be examined, along with the mechanisms accounting for their dysregulation and the recent strategies used for their targeting in PC dyscrasias. It is hoped these insights may lead to clinical applications of non-coding RNA molecules as biomarkers or therapeutic targets/agents in the near future.
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32
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Zhu FX, Wang XT, Ye ZZ, Gan ZP, Lai YR. Construction of a prognosis‑associated long noncoding RNA‑mRNA network for multiple myeloma based on microarray and bioinformatics analysis. Mol Med Rep 2020; 21:999-1010. [PMID: 32016443 PMCID: PMC7003030 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2020.10930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2018] [Accepted: 04/10/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
At present, the association between prognosis-associated long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) and mRNAs is yet to be reported in multiple myeloma (MM). The aim of the present study was to construct prognostic models with lncRNAs and mRNAs, and to map the interactions between these lncRNAs and mRNAs in MM. LncRNA and mRNA data from 559 patients with MM were acquired from the Genome Expression Omnibus (dataset GSE24080), and their prognostic values were calculated using the survival package in R. Multivariate Cox analysis was used on the top 20 most significant prognosis-associated mRNAs and lncRNAs to develop prognostic signatures. The performances of these prognostic signatures were tested using the survivalROC package in R, which allows for time-dependent receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curve estimation. Weighted correlation network analysis (WGCNA) was conducted to investigate the associations between lncRNAs and mRNAs, and a lncRNA-mRNA network was constructed using Cytoscape software. Univariate Cox regression analysis identified 39 lncRNAs and 1,445 mRNAs that were significantly associated with event-free survival of MM patients. The top 20 most significant survival-associated lncRNAs and mRNAs were selected as candidates for analyzing independent MM prognostic factors. Both signatures could be used to separate patients into two groups with distinct outcomes. The areas under the ROC curves were 0.739 for the lncRNA signature and 0.732 for the mRNA signature. In the lncRNA-mRNA network, a total of 143 mRNAs were positively or negatively associated with 23 prognosis-associated lncRNAs. NCRNA00201, LOC115110 and RP5-968J1.1 were the most dominant drivers. The present study constructed a model that predicted prognosis in MM and formed a network with the corresponding prognosis-associated mRNAs, providing a novel perspective for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of MM, and suggesting novel directions for interpreting the mechanisms underlying the development of MM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang-Xiao Zhu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi 541001, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Tao Wang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi 541001, P.R. China
| | - Zhi-Zhong Ye
- Shenzhen Futian Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518040, P.R. China
| | - Zhao-Ping Gan
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
| | - Yong-Rong Lai
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
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33
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Zhang X, Liang Z, Zhang Y, Dai K, Zhu M, Wang J, Hu X. Comprehensive analysis of long non-coding RNAs expression pattern in the pathogenesis of pulmonary tuberculosis. Genomics 2019; 112:1970-1977. [PMID: 31756428 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2019.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2019] [Revised: 10/17/2019] [Accepted: 11/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play crucial roles in the progression and pathogenesis of cancer. Right now, less is known about the association between the expression of lncRNAs and the pathogenesis of pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB). METHODS In present study, the expression profiles of lncRNAs were investigated by transcriptome sequencing from PTB patients vs. healthy individuals. RESULTS A total of 449 differentially expressed (DE) (fold change ≥2, false discovery rate ≤ 0.05) lncRNAs were screened out from the PTB patients. Lnc-HNRNPU-1:7 and lnc-FAM76B-4:1 was found the most upregulated lncRNAs and downregulated lncRNAs in PTB patients, respectively. GO annotation and KEGG analysis were used to explore the potential roles of these DE lncRNAs. The JAK/STAT and TGF-β signaling pathways related to PTB pathogenesis were enriched in PTB patients. The co-expressed of a few lncRNAs and mRNAs on chromosome were shown by cis-regulatory gene analysis. Trans analysis indicated that STAT1, STAT2 and TAF7 transcription factors regulated the expression of lncRNA and mRNA. The constructed lncRNA ceRNA network suggested that lncRNAs regulating mRNAs expression may mediate by sponged miRNAs. CONCLUSION We comprehensively analyzed the expression profiles of lncRNAs in PTB patients, thus providing new clues for exploring the regulatory mechanisms of dysregulated lncRNAs in the pathogenesis of PTB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Zhang
- School of Biology & Basic Medical Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Zi Liang
- School of Biology & Basic Medical Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Yunshan Zhang
- School of Biology & Basic Medical Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Kun Dai
- School of Biology & Basic Medical Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Min Zhu
- School of Biology & Basic Medical Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Ji Wang
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215004, China.
| | - Xiaolong Hu
- School of Biology & Basic Medical Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China.
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34
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Genome-wide discovery and characterization of long noncoding RNAs in patients with multiple myeloma. BMC Med Genomics 2019; 12:135. [PMID: 31619233 PMCID: PMC6794882 DOI: 10.1186/s12920-019-0577-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2019] [Accepted: 08/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are involved in a wide range of biological processes in tumorigenesis. However, the role of lncRNA expression in the biology, prognosis, and molecular classification of human multiple myeloma (MM) remains unclear, especially the biological functions of the vast majority of lncRNAs. Recently, lncRNAs have been identified in neoplastic hematologic disorders. Evidence has accumulated on the molecular mechanisms of action of lncRNAs, providing insight into their functional roles in tumorigenesis. This study aimed to characterize potential lncRNAs in patients with MM. Methods In this study, the whole-transcriptome strand-specific RNA sequencing of samples from three newly diagnosed patients with MM was performed. The whole transcriptome, including lncRNAs, microRNAs, and mRNAs, was analyzed. Using these data, MM lncRNAs were systematically analyzed, and the lncRNAs involved in the occurrence of MM were identified. Results The results revealed that MM lncRNAs had distinctive characteristics different from those of other malignant tumors. Further, the functions of a set of lncRNAs preferentially expressed in MM were verified, and several lncRNAs were identified as competing endogenous RNAs. More importantly, the aberrant expression of certain lncRNAs, including maternally expressed gene3, colon cancer–associated transcript1, and coiled-coil domain-containing 26, as well as some novel lncRNAs involved in the occurrence of MM was established. Further, lncRNAs were related to some microRNAs, regulated each other, and participated in MM development. Conclusions Genome-wide screening and functional analysis enabled the identification of a set of lncRNAs involved in the occurrence of MM. The interaction exists among microRNAs and lncRNAs.
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35
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Chi Y, Wang D, Wang J, Yu W, Yang J. Long Non-Coding RNA in the Pathogenesis of Cancers. Cells 2019; 8:cells8091015. [PMID: 31480503 PMCID: PMC6770362 DOI: 10.3390/cells8091015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 503] [Impact Index Per Article: 100.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2019] [Revised: 08/25/2019] [Accepted: 08/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The incidence and mortality rate of cancer has been quickly increasing in the past decades. At present, cancer has become the leading cause of death worldwide. Most of the cancers cannot be effectively diagnosed at the early stage. Although there are multiple therapeutic treatments, including surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and targeted drugs, their effectiveness is still limited. The overall survival rate of malignant cancers is still low. It is necessary to further study the mechanisms for malignant cancers, and explore new biomarkers and targets that are more sensitive and effective for early diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of cancers than traditional biomarkers and methods. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are a class of RNA transcripts with a length greater than 200 nucleotides. Generally, lncRNAs are not capable of encoding proteins or peptides. LncRNAs exert diverse biological functions by regulating gene expressions and functions at transcriptional, translational, and post-translational levels. In the past decade, it has been demonstrated that the dysregulated lncRNA profile is widely involved in the pathogenesis of many diseases, including cancer, metabolic disorders, and cardiovascular diseases. In particular, lncRNAs have been revealed to play an important role in tumor growth and metastasis. Many lncRNAs have been shown to be potential biomarkers and targets for the diagnosis and treatment of cancers. This review aims to briefly discuss the latest findings regarding the roles and mechanisms of some important lncRNAs in the pathogenesis of certain malignant cancers, including lung, breast, liver, and colorectal cancers, as well as hematological malignancies and neuroblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujing Chi
- Department of Central Laboratory & Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Di Wang
- Department of Central Laboratory & Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Junpei Wang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Science of the Ministry of Education, Center for Non-coding RNA Medicine, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Weidong Yu
- Department of Central Laboratory & Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Jichun Yang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China.
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Science of the Ministry of Education, Center for Non-coding RNA Medicine, Beijing 100191, China.
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36
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Zhang Y, Xu C. G allele of rs7853346 polymorphism in PTENP1 enhances the proliferation of multiple myeloma cancer stem cells by promoting the expression of PTENP1 and its downstream signaling molecules. J Cell Biochem 2019; 120:19738-19748. [PMID: 31338886 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.29280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2018] [Accepted: 03/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yehua Zhang
- Department of Hematology, Xingtai People's Hospital, Xingtai, Hebei, China
| | - Changqing Xu
- Emergency Department, Xingtai Third Hospital, Xingtai, Hebei, China
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37
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Nian F, Zhu J, Chang H. Long non-coding RNA ANGPTL1-3 promotes multiple myeloma bortezomib resistance by sponging miR-30a-3p to activate c-Maf expression. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2019; 514:1140-1146. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2019.05.078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2019] [Accepted: 05/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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38
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Cui YS, Song YP, Fang BJ. The role of long non-coding RNAs in multiple myeloma. Eur J Haematol 2019; 103:3-9. [PMID: 30985973 DOI: 10.1111/ejh.13237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2019] [Revised: 04/01/2019] [Accepted: 04/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) is still an incurable disease, and its pathogenesis involves cytogenetics and epigenetics. In recent years, the roles of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in MM have been deeply studied by scholars. LncRNAs are defined as a class of non-protein-coding transcripts greater than 200 nucleotides in length, which are involved in a large spectrum of biological processes, including proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, invasion, and chromatin remodeling. However, little is known about the specific mechanisms of these lncRNAs. They can act as oncogenic and/or tumor-suppressive factors in the development and progression of MM. But that how do they work remains unclear. In this review, the recent progress in the study of functional lncRNAs associated with MM was summarized and the present knowledge about their expression and roles was discussed, to provide guidance for the in-depth functional study of lncRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Shan Cui
- Department of Hematology, Henan Institute of Haematology, Henan Cancer Hospital, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yong-Ping Song
- Department of Hematology, Henan Institute of Haematology, Henan Cancer Hospital, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Bai-Jun Fang
- Department of Hematology, Henan Institute of Haematology, Henan Cancer Hospital, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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39
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Extramedullary disease in multiple myeloma - controversies and future directions. Blood Rev 2019; 36:32-39. [PMID: 31005420 DOI: 10.1016/j.blre.2019.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2018] [Revised: 04/10/2019] [Accepted: 04/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Extramedullary disease of multiple myeloma (EM) remains a treatment challenge even in the era of new drugs. While many reports analyzing various aspects of EM have been published, mechanism of EM development has not been clarified yet. This review summarizes current knowledge about this clinical entity, including its history, diagnostics, imaging methods, incidence, prognosis, current treatment options, risk factors and known molecular mechanisms that might be involved in pathogenesis of EM.
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40
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Hu H, Liu JM, Hu Z, Jiang X, Yang X, Li J, Zhang Y, Yu H, Khaitovich P. Recently Evolved Tumor Suppressor Transcript TP73-AS1 Functions as Sponge of Human-Specific miR-941. Mol Biol Evol 2019; 35:1063-1077. [PMID: 29474580 PMCID: PMC5913670 DOI: 10.1093/molbev/msy022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNA (miRNA) sponges are vital components of posttranscriptional gene regulation. Yet, only a limited number of miRNA sponges have been identified. Here, we show that the recently evolved noncoding tumor suppressor transcript, antisense RNA to TP73 gene (TP73-AS1), functions as a natural sponge of human-specific miRNA miR-941. We find unusually nine high-affinity miR-941 binding sites clustering within 1 kb region on TP73-AS1, which forms miR-941 sponge region. This sponge region displays increased sequence constraint only in humans, and its formation can be traced to the tandem expansion of a 71-nt-long sequence containing a single miR-941 binding site in old world monkeys. We further confirm TP73-AS1 functions as an efficient miR-941 sponge based on massive transcriptome data analyses, wound-healing assay, and Argonaute protein immunoprecipitation experiments conducted in cell lines. The expression of miR-941 and its sponge correlate inversely across multiple healthy and cancerous tissues, with miR-941 being highly expressed in tumors and preferentially repressing tumor suppressors. Thus, the TP73-AS1 and miR-941 duo represents an unusual case of the extremely rapid evolution of noncoding regulators controlling cell migration, proliferation, and tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyang Hu
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China.,CAS Key Laboratory of Computational Biology, CAS-MPG Partner Institute for Computational Biology, Shanghai, China
| | - Jian-Mei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Resource Conservation and Utilization in Yunnan and Center for Life Science, School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Zhenyu Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Resource Conservation and Utilization in Yunnan and Center for Life Science, School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Xi Jiang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Computational Biology, CAS-MPG Partner Institute for Computational Biology, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaode Yang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Computational Biology, CAS-MPG Partner Institute for Computational Biology, Shanghai, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jiangxia Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Resource Conservation and Utilization in Yunnan and Center for Life Science, School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Yao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Resource Conservation and Utilization in Yunnan and Center for Life Science, School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Haijing Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Resource Conservation and Utilization in Yunnan and Center for Life Science, School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Philipp Khaitovich
- Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Skolkovo, Russia.,Center for Excellence in Animal Evolution and Genetics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China.,Comparative Biology Group, CAS-MPG Partner Institute for Computational Biology, Shanghai, China.,Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany.,School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China
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41
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Storti P, Agnelli L, Palma BD, Todoerti K, Marchica V, Accardi F, Sammarelli G, Deluca F, Toscani D, Costa F, Vicario E, Todaro G, Martella E, Neri A, Giuliani N. The transcriptomic profile of CD138 + cells from patients with early progression from smoldering to active multiple myeloma remains substantially unchanged. Haematologica 2019; 104:e465-e469. [PMID: 30846495 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2018.209999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Paola Storti
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma .,CORELAB Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Parma, Parma
| | - Luca Agnelli
- Hematology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan.,Department of Oncology and Hemato-oncology, University of Milan, Milan
| | - Benedetta Dalla Palma
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma.,Hematological Unit Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Parma, Parma
| | - Katia Todoerti
- Hematology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan.,Department of Oncology and Hemato-oncology, University of Milan, Milan
| | - Valentina Marchica
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma.,CORELAB Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Parma, Parma
| | - Fabrizio Accardi
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma.,Hematological Unit Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Parma, Parma
| | | | - Federica Deluca
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma
| | - Denise Toscani
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma
| | - Federica Costa
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma
| | | | | | - Eugenia Martella
- Pathology, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Antonino Neri
- Hematology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan.,Department of Oncology and Hemato-oncology, University of Milan, Milan
| | - Nicola Giuliani
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma .,CORELAB Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Parma, Parma.,Hematological Unit Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Parma, Parma
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Hypoxia-inducible KDM3A addiction in multiple myeloma. Blood Adv 2019; 2:323-334. [PMID: 29444873 DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2017008847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2017] [Accepted: 01/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
In multiple myeloma (MM), the bone marrow (BM) microenvironment may contain a myeloma cell fraction that has acquired treatment resistance by undergoing an epigenetic gene expression change. Hypoxic stress is an important factor in the BM microenvironment. Recently, we demonstrated that miR-210 was upregulated in hypoxia and downregulated IRF4, which is known as an essential factor in myeloma oncogenesis in normoxia. In the study, we demonstrated that myeloma cells still showed a strong antiapoptotic phenotype despite IRF4 downregulation, suggesting that another antiapoptotic factor might be involved under hypoxic stress. To determine the factor or factors, we conducted gene expression analysis on myeloma cells (primary samples and cell lines) that were exposed to chronic hypoxia and observed upregulation of glycolytic genes and genes encoding H3K9 demethylases in myeloma cells with hypoxia. Among these, KDM3A was most significantly upregulated in all examined cells, and its knockdown induced apoptosis of myeloma cells in chronic hypoxia. Expression of KDM3A was dependent on HIF-1α, which is a transcription factor specifically upregulated in hypoxia. We further demonstrated that an essential target of KDM3A was a noncoding gene, MALAT1, whose upregulation contributed to acquisition of an antiapoptotic phenotype by accumulation of HIF-1α, leading to upregulation of glycolytic genes under hypoxia. This process was independent from IRF4. These results led us to conclude that the hypoxia-inducible HIF-1α-KDM3A-MALAT1 axis also contributes to acquisition of the antiapoptotic phenotype via upregulation of glycolysis-promoting genes. Thus, this axis is a promising therapeutic target against myeloma cells in the BM microenvironment.
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43
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Abstract
Purpose of Review We discuss current topics on the definition of plasma cell leukemia and the distinction between plasma cell leukemia and multiple myeloma. Moreover, we review the latest literature on how to treat plasma cell leukemia. Recent Findings Plasma cell leukemia is clinically and genetically distinct from multiple myeloma. Plasma cell leukemia is defined by the observation in blood of more than 20% clonal plasma cells by differential count of the leucocytes or by counting more than 2 × 109 per liter circulating clonal plasma cells. However, patients with lower levels of circulating plasma cells have the same adverse prognosis, which challenges the disease definition. Survival has improved after implementation of high-dose chemotherapy with stem-cell support, bortezomib, and lenalidomide in the treatment; yet, the prognosis remains poor. The results of allo-transplants have been disappointing. Summary The diagnostic criteria of PCL are currently discussed in the international myeloma community. Despite some improvement in survival, the prognosis remains adverse. New, more targeted treatment modalities, including immunotherapies, will hopefully improve the outcome in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Tveden Gundesen
- Department of Hematology, Odense University Hospital, Kloevervaenget 10, 12th floor, DK-5000, Odense C, Denmark
| | - Thomas Lund
- Department of Hematology, Odense University Hospital, Kloevervaenget 10, 12th floor, DK-5000, Odense C, Denmark
| | - Hanne E H Moeller
- Department of Pathology, Odense University Hospital, JP Winsløvs vej 15, 2th floor, DK-5000, Odense C, Denmark
| | - Niels Abildgaard
- Department of Hematology, Odense University Hospital, Kloevervaenget 10, 12th floor, DK-5000, Odense C, Denmark. .,Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.
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44
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Butova R, Vychytilova-Faltejskova P, Souckova A, Sevcikova S, Hajek R. Long Non-Coding RNAs in Multiple Myeloma. Noncoding RNA 2019; 5:ncrna5010013. [PMID: 30682861 PMCID: PMC6468639 DOI: 10.3390/ncrna5010013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2018] [Revised: 01/15/2019] [Accepted: 01/15/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) is the second most common hematooncological disease of malignant plasma cells in the bone marrow. While new treatment brought unprecedented increase of survival of patients, MM pathogenesis is yet to be clarified. Increasing evidence of expression of long non-coding RNA molecules (lncRNA) linked to development and progression of many tumors suggested their important role in tumorigenesis. To date, over 15,000 lncRNA molecules characterized by diversity of function and specificity of cell distribution were identified in the human genome. Due to their involvement in proliferation, apoptosis, metabolism, and differentiation, they have a key role in the biological processes and pathogenesis of many diseases, including MM. This review summarizes current knowledge of non-coding RNAs (ncRNA), especially lncRNAs, and their role in MM pathogenesis. Undeniable involvement of lncRNAs in MM development suggests their potential as biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romana Butova
- Babak Myeloma Group, Department of Pathological Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, 62500 Brno, Czech Republic.
| | | | - Adela Souckova
- Babak Myeloma Group, Department of Pathological Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, 62500 Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Sabina Sevcikova
- Babak Myeloma Group, Department of Pathological Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, 62500 Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Roman Hajek
- Department of Hematooncology, University Hospital Ostrava and Faculty of Medicine, University Ostrava, 70852 Ostrava, Czech Republic.
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45
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Deng M, Yuan H, Liu S, Hu Z, Xiao H. Exosome-transmitted LINC00461 promotes multiple myeloma cell proliferation and suppresses apoptosis by modulating microRNA/BCL-2 expression. Cytotherapy 2019; 21:96-106. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2018.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2018] [Revised: 09/05/2018] [Accepted: 10/07/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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46
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Lin J, Hu Y, Zhao JJ. Repression of Multiple Myeloma Cell Growth In Vivo by Single-wall Carbon Nanotube (SWCNT)-delivered MALAT1 Antisense Oligos. J Vis Exp 2018. [PMID: 30596388 DOI: 10.3791/58598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The single-wall carbon nanotube (SWCNT) is a new type of nanoparticle, which has been used to deliver multiple kinds of drugs into cells, such as proteins, oligonucleotides, and synthetic small-molecule drugs. The SWCNT has customizable dimensions, a large superficial area, and can flexibly bind with drugs through different modifications on its surface; therefore, it is an ideal system to transport drugs into cells. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are a cluster of noncoding RNA longer than 200 nt, which cannot be translated to protein but play an important role in biological and pathophysiological processes. Metastasis-associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1 (MALAT1) is a highly conserved lncRNA. It was demonstrated that higher MALAT1 levels are related to the poor prognosis of various cancers, including multiple myeloma (MM). We have revealed that MALAT1 regulates DNA repair and cell death in MM; thus, MALAT1 can be considered as a therapeutic target for MM. However, the efficient delivery of the antisense oligo to inhibit/knockdown MALAT1 in vivo is still a problem. In this study, we modify the SWCNT with PEG-2000 and conjugate an anti-MALAT1 oligo to it, test the delivery of this compound in vitro, inject it intravenously into a disseminated MM mouse model, and observe a significant inhibition of MM progression, which indicates that SWCNT is an ideal delivery shuttle for anti-MALAT1 gapmer DNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianhong Lin
- Department of Cancer Biology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic; Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School
| | - Yi Hu
- Department of Cancer Biology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic
| | - Jian-Jun Zhao
- Department of Cancer Biology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic;
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47
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Taiana E, Ronchetti D, Favasuli V, Todoerti K, Manzoni M, Amodio N, Tassone P, Agnelli L, Neri A. Long non-coding RNA NEAT1 shows high expression unrelated to molecular features and clinical outcome in multiple myeloma. Haematologica 2018; 104:e72-e76. [PMID: 30213829 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2018.201301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Taiana
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-oncology, University of Milan, Italy.,Hematology, Fondazione Cà Granda IRCCS Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Domenica Ronchetti
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-oncology, University of Milan, Italy.,Hematology, Fondazione Cà Granda IRCCS Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Vanessa Favasuli
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-oncology, University of Milan, Italy.,Hematology, Fondazione Cà Granda IRCCS Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Katia Todoerti
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-oncology, University of Milan, Italy.,Hematology, Fondazione Cà Granda IRCCS Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Martina Manzoni
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-oncology, University of Milan, Italy.,Hematology, Fondazione Cà Granda IRCCS Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Nicola Amodio
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Pierfrancesco Tassone
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy.,Sbarro Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Center for Biotechnology, College of Science and Technology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Luca Agnelli
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-oncology, University of Milan, Italy.,Hematology, Fondazione Cà Granda IRCCS Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Antonino Neri
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-oncology, University of Milan, Italy .,Hematology, Fondazione Cà Granda IRCCS Policlinico, Milan, Italy
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48
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Dahl M, Kristensen LS, Grønbæk K. Long Non-Coding RNAs Guide the Fine-Tuning of Gene Regulation in B-Cell Development and Malignancy. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:E2475. [PMID: 30134619 PMCID: PMC6165225 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19092475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2018] [Revised: 08/16/2018] [Accepted: 08/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
With the introduction of next generation sequencing methods, such as RNA sequencing, it has become apparent that alterations in the non-coding regions of our genome are important in the development of cancer. Particularly interesting is the class of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), including the recently described subclass of circular RNAs (circRNAs), which display tissue- and cell-type specific expression patterns and exert diverse regulatory functions in the cells. B-cells undergo complex and tightly regulated processes in order to develop from antigen naïve cells residing in the bone marrow to the highly diverse and competent effector cells circulating in peripheral blood. These processes include V(D)J recombination, rapid proliferation, somatic hypermutation and clonal selection, posing a risk of malignant transformation at each step. The aim of this review is to provide insight into how lncRNAs including circRNAs, participate in normal B-cell differentiation, and how deregulation of these molecules is involved in the development of B-cell malignancies. We describe the prognostic value and functional significance of specific deregulated lncRNAs in diseases such as acute lymphoblastic leukemia, chronic lymphocytic leukemia, mantle cell lymphoma, diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, follicular lymphoma, Burkitt lymphoma and multiple myeloma, and we provide an overview of the current knowledge on the role of circRNAs in these diseases.
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MESH Headings
- B-Lymphocytes/immunology
- B-Lymphocytes/pathology
- Burkitt Lymphoma/genetics
- Burkitt Lymphoma/immunology
- Burkitt Lymphoma/pathology
- Cell Differentiation
- Cell Transformation, Neoplastic/genetics
- Cell Transformation, Neoplastic/immunology
- Cell Transformation, Neoplastic/pathology
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
- Humans
- Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell/genetics
- Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell/immunology
- Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell/pathology
- Lymphoma, Follicular/genetics
- Lymphoma, Follicular/immunology
- Lymphoma, Follicular/pathology
- Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse/genetics
- Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse/immunology
- Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse/pathology
- Lymphoma, Mantle-Cell/genetics
- Lymphoma, Mantle-Cell/immunology
- Lymphoma, Mantle-Cell/pathology
- Multiple Myeloma/genetics
- Multiple Myeloma/immunology
- Multiple Myeloma/pathology
- Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma/genetics
- Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma/immunology
- Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma/pathology
- RNA/genetics
- RNA/immunology
- RNA, Circular
- RNA, Long Noncoding/genetics
- RNA, Long Noncoding/immunology
- Signal Transduction
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Affiliation(s)
- Mette Dahl
- Department of Hematology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
- Biotech Research and Innovation Centre, BRIC, Copenhagen University, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Lasse Sommer Kristensen
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics (MBG), Aarhus University, DK-8000 Aarhus, Denmark.
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO), Aarhus University, DK-8000 Aarhus, Denmark.
| | - Kirsten Grønbæk
- Department of Hematology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
- Biotech Research and Innovation Centre, BRIC, Copenhagen University, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
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49
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Amodio N, Raimondi L, Juli G, Stamato MA, Caracciolo D, Tagliaferri P, Tassone P. MALAT1: a druggable long non-coding RNA for targeted anti-cancer approaches. J Hematol Oncol 2018; 11:63. [PMID: 29739426 PMCID: PMC5941496 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-018-0606-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 213] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2018] [Accepted: 04/26/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The deeper understanding of non-coding RNAs has recently changed the dogma of molecular biology assuming protein-coding genes as unique functional biological effectors, while non-coding genes as junk material of doubtful significance. In the last decade, an exciting boom of experimental research has brought to light the pivotal biological functions of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), representing more than the half of the whole non-coding transcriptome, along with their dysregulation in many diseases, including cancer.In this review, we summarize the emerging insights on lncRNA expression and functional role in cancer, focusing on the evolutionary conserved and abundantly expressed metastasis-associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1 (MALAT1) that currently represents the best characterized lncRNA. Altogether, literature data indicate aberrant expression and dysregulated activity of MALAT1 in human malignancies and envision MALAT1 targeting as a novel treatment strategy against cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Amodio
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Graecia University, Viale Europa, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy.
| | - Lavinia Raimondi
- IRCSS Rizzoli Orthopedic Institute, Bologna, Italy
- Innovative Technology Platforms for Tissue Engineering, Theranostic and Oncology, Rizzoli Orthopedic Institute, Palermo, Italy
| | - Giada Juli
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Graecia University, Viale Europa, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Maria Angelica Stamato
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Graecia University, Viale Europa, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Daniele Caracciolo
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Graecia University, Viale Europa, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Pierosandro Tagliaferri
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Graecia University, Viale Europa, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Pierfrancesco Tassone
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Graecia University, Viale Europa, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy.
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50
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A compendium of long non-coding RNAs transcriptional fingerprint in multiple myeloma. Sci Rep 2018; 8:6557. [PMID: 29700321 PMCID: PMC5920050 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-24701-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2018] [Accepted: 04/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) is a clonal proliferation of bone marrow plasma cells characterized by highly heterogeneous genetic background and clinical course, whose pathogenesis remains largely unknown. Long ncRNAs (lncRNAs) are a large class of non-protein-coding RNA, involved in many physiological cellular and genomic processes as well as in carcinogenesis and tumor evolution. Although still in its infancy, the role of lncRNAs in MM is progressively expanding. Besides studies on selected candidates, lncRNAs expression at genome-wide transcriptome level is confined to microarray technologies, thus investigating a limited collection of transcripts. In the present study investigating a cohort of 30 MM patients, a deep RNA-sequencing analysis overwhelmed previous array studies and allowed the most accurate definition of lncRNA transcripts structure and expression, ultimately providing a comprehensive catalogue of lncRNAs specifically associated with the main MM molecular subgroups and genetic alterations. Despite the small number of analyzed samples, the high accuracy of RNA-sequencing approach for complex transcriptome processing led to the identification of 391 deregulated lncRNAs, 67% of which were also detectable and validated by whole-transcript microarrays. In addition, we identified a list of lncRNAs, with potential relevance in MM, co-expressed and in close proximity to genes that might undergo a cis-regulatory relationship.
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