Myoepithelioma of the gingiva. Report of a case

Myoepithelioma Arising in the Buccal Mucosa: A Case Report and Review of the Literature

Although myoepithelioma is defined as a benign tumour made up primarily of neoplastic myoepithelial cells, its actual histopathological characteristics are highly diverse. It can be considered a rare disease. The most common site of occurrence is the parotid gland, followed by the minor salivary glands of the palate. Very little has been reported about its occurrence in the buccal mucosa. We present a case of a 55-year-old woman with myoepithelioma arising in the buccal mucosa who was referred to our hospital for swelling of the buccal mucosa. Contrast-enhanced computed tomography revealed a mass measuring approximately 18 mm in diameter in the left lateral buccal mucosa, and the interior of the mass showed slight heterogeneous enhancement. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed an almost low signal intensity comparable to that of the muscle on T1-weighted imaging and an irregular mixture of low and high signal intensities on T2-weighted imaging. The tumour was diagnosed as a pleomorphic adenoma based on biopsy results and resected under general anaesthesia. The final diagnosis was myoepithelioma, which requires careful differentiation from pleomorphic adenoma. At 32 months after surgery, no evidence of recurrence was detected.

Rare case of giant myoepithelioma in minor salivary glands of palate in a 9-year-old child

Myoepitheliomas (MEs) are extremely rare benign neoplasms composed of ectodermally derived contractile smooth muscle cells (myoepithelial cells). Various tissues such as the salivary glands, breast, larynx, and sweat glands show the presence of these myoepithelial cells. They occur, principally, in the parotid gland and infrequently in minor salivary glands. The term “Myoepitheliomas” was first coined by Sheldon in 1943. It is an uncommon salivary gland tumor which accounts for < 1% of all major and minor salivary gland tumors. Batasakis considers the ME to be “one-sided” variant at the opposite end of the spectrum from the pleomorphic adenoma. There are distinct histological and immunohistochemical characteristics of the tumor which aid in the diagnosis. ME of the palate is uncommon, and only a limited number of cases have been reported in the English literature. It shows a benign clinical course with recurrence in up to 20% of cases without metastasis. The present article sheds light on the presence of ME of minor salivary glands in the palate of 9-year-old child.

Myoepithelioma of nasal septum: a rare minor salivary gland tumour

Myoepithelioma is rare benign neoplasm, usually involves salivary glands and very less often seen in minor salivary glands of nose. Clinically it resembles like other tumour masses and thus posed challenge to clinician and pathologist. It becomes very difficult to diagnose due to its varied presentation and propensity for malignant transformation. We reported a case of a male patient with pink fleshy mass in the left nose with epistaxis and nasal obstruction. Preliminary biopsy and contrast-enhanced CT were done to delineate tumour size and type and then patient underwent endoscopic en-bloc resection. Histopathology and immunohistochemistry were found to be consistent for myoepithelioma. No recurrence was seen during a 6-month follow-up period. Its rarity should be a part of differential diagnosis among nasal tumours. Many of the tumour recurrences are associated with incomplete surgical resection so wide local excision with regular follow-up is essential for this rare entity.

Myoepithelioma of the Nasal Septum: A Rare Case of Extrasalivary Gland Involvement

Introduction. The myoepithelioma is a rare benign tumor, most frequently found in the salivary glands. The extrasalivary gland involvement is even rarer and few cases involving the nasal cavity have been reported in the literature. Case Report. MES, a 54-year-old woman, complaining of progressive nasal obstruction and mild epistaxis through the right nostril which had developed 1 year previously. Computed tomography scan showed tumor with heterogeneous contrast enhancement occupying the right nasal cavity, moving contralaterally in the nasal septum. Excisional biopsy was performed through endoscopic surgery of the mass that was inserted at the nasal septum. Pathological and immunohistochemical exams concluded myoepithelioma. Discussion. The main symptoms of nasal myoepitheliomas are nasal obstruction and epistaxis. Immunohistochemistry is necessary to confirm the diagnosis, typically positive for cytokeratin and S-100, calponin, smooth muscle actin, myosin, vimentin, glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), and carcinoembryonic antigen. The main marker for myoepithelioma is the S-100 protein. In our case, it was positive for cytokeratin, S-100, calponin, actin smooth muscle, and GFAP. In all cases reported in the literature surgical treatment was performed and the recurrence was associated with incomplete tumor resection. Final Comments. The myoepithelioma is a rare differential diagnosis of nasal tumors and its treatment is the total lesion excision.

Myoepithelioma of minor salivary glands - A diagnostic challenge: Report of three cases with varied histomorphology

Myoepitheliomas are rare, benign neoplasms affecting predominantly parotid gland and to a lesser extent minor salivary glands. In this article we have reported three cases with different histomorphological patterns. Two cases are from oral cavity and one from sinonasal tract, a very rare location. We have discussed different histomorphological patterns of myoepitheliomas, which at times possesses a real diagnostic dilemma to a pathologist. Along with its morphology, immunohistochemical profile and clinical behavior are discussed in detail with relevant review of literature.

Plasmacytoid myoepithelioma of the palate: case report

Myoepitheliomas are extremely rare benign neoplasms of salivary glands. They represent 1-1.5% of all salivary gland tumors. They occur, principally, in the parotid gland and infrequently in minor salivary glands. There are distinct histological and immunohistochemical characteristics of the tumor which aid in the diagnosis. Myoepithelioma of the palate is uncommon and only a limited number of cases has been reported in the English literature. Herein, a case of plasmacytoid type of myoepithelioma of the palate in an adult female is presented along with review of the literature.

Intraosseous pleomorphic adenoma of the mandible: report of a case and review of the literature

Salivary gland tumors constitute approximately 3% of all head and neck tumors. The most common neoplasm involving both major and minor salivary glands is pleomorphic adenoma. Salivary gland tumors are also known to develop within jawbones probably arising from ectopic salivary tissue. Pleomorphic adenomas arising within the jaws as primary central lesions are extremely rare with only a few cases reported. Clinically and radiographically these may resemble lesions of odontogenic origin. We present a rare case of intraosseous pleomorphic adenoma of the mandible mimicking a lateral periodontal cyst along with an extensive review of literature.

Submandibular gland myoepithelioma

Benign myoepithelioma is a very rare form of salivary gland tumor, composed entirely of myoepithelial cells. It accounts for approximately 1% of all salivary gland tumors and is most frequently located in the parotid gland and in the minor salivary glands of the hard palate. We describe herein the ninth reported case of myoepithelioma of the submandibular gland. Benign myoepithelioma must be differentiated from several benign and malignant epithelial and mesenchymal tumors. Immunohistochemical staining can help differentiate between these conditions, but histopathology remains the gold standard for diagnosing this neoplastic process.