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Gao SL, Tang YY, Jiang JM, Zou W, Zhang P, Tang XQ. Improvement of autophagic flux mediates the protection of hydrogen sulfide against arecoline-elicited neurotoxicity in PC12 cells. Cell Cycle 2022; 21:1077-1090. [PMID: 35316162 PMCID: PMC9037498 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2022.2040932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Arecoline, the most abundant alkaloid of the areca nut, induces toxicity to neurons. Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is an endogenous gas with neuroprotective effects. We recently found that arecoline reduced endogenous H2S content in PC12 cells. In addition, exogenously administration of H2S alleviated the neurotoxicity of arecoline on PC12 cells. Increasing evidence has demonstrated the neuroprotective role of improvement of autophagic flux. Therefore, the aim of the present work is to explore whether improvement of autophagic flux mediates the protection of H2S against arecoline-caused neurotoxicity. Transmission electron microscope (TEM) for observation of ultrastructural morphology. Western blotting was used to detect protein expression of the related markers. Functional analysis contained LDH release assay, Hoechst 33,258 nuclear staining and flow cytometry were used to detect cytotoxicity and apoptosis. In the present work, we found that arecoline disrupted autophagy flux in PC12 cells as evidenced by accumulation of autophagic vacuoles, increase in LC3II/LC3I, and upregulation of p62 expression in PC12 cells. Notably, we found that sodium hydrosulfide (NaHS), the donor of H2S improved arecoline-blocked autophagy flux in PC12 cells. Furthermore, we found that blocking autophagic flux by chloroquine (CQ), the inhibitor of autophagy flux, antagonized the inhibitory role of NaHS in arecoline-induced cytotoxicity apoptosis and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. In conclusion, H2S improves arecoline-caused disruption of autophagic flux to exert its protection against the neurotoxicity of arecoline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Lan Gao
- Clinical Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, GD, China
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Neuroscience, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, HN, China
- CONTACT Sheng-Lan Gao Clinical Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, GD524001, China
| | - Yi-Yun Tang
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Neuroscience, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, HN, China
| | - Jia-Mei Jiang
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Institute of Neurology, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, HN, China
| | - Wei Zou
- The Affiliated Nanhua Hospital, Department of Neurology, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, HN, China
| | - Ping Zhang
- The Affiliated Nanhua Hospital, Department of Neurology, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, HN, China
| | - Xiao-Qing Tang
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Neuroscience, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, HN, China
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Institute of Neurology, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, HN, China
- Xiao-Qing Tang The First Affiliated Hospital, Institute of Neuroscience, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China,Hengyang, HN 421001, China
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Sun J, Tang Q, Zhang J, Chen G, Peng J, Chen L. Possible Immunotherapeutic Strategies Based on Carcinogen-Dependent Subgroup Classification for Oral Cancer. Front Mol Biosci 2021; 8:717038. [PMID: 34497832 PMCID: PMC8419237 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2021.717038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The oral cavity serves as an open local organ of the human body, exposed to multiple external factors from the outside environment. Coincidentally, initiation and development of oral cancer are attributed to many external factors, such as smoking and drinking, to a great extent. This phenomenon was partly explained by the genetic abnormalities traditionally induced by carcinogens. However, more and more attention has been attracted to the influence of carcinogens on the local immune status. On the other hand, immune heterogeneity of cancer patients is a huge obstacle for enhancing the clinical efficacy of tumor immunotherapy. Thus, in this review, we try to summarize the current opinions about variant genetic changes and multiple immune alterations induced by different oral cancer carcinogens and discuss the prospects of targeted immunotherapeutic strategies based on specific immune abnormalities caused by different carcinogens, as a predictive way to improve clinical outcomes of immunotherapy-treated oral cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiwei Sun
- Department of Stomatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,School of Stomatology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan, China
| | - Qingming Tang
- Department of Stomatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,School of Stomatology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan, China
| | - Junyuan Zhang
- Department of Stomatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,School of Stomatology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan, China
| | - Guangjin Chen
- Department of Stomatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,School of Stomatology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan, China
| | - Jinfeng Peng
- Department of Stomatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,School of Stomatology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan, China
| | - Lili Chen
- Department of Stomatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,School of Stomatology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan, China
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Zhang Q, Yu J, Chen Q, Yan H, Du H, Luo W. Regulation of pathophysiological and tissue regenerative functions of MSCs mediated via the WNT signaling pathway (Review). Mol Med Rep 2021; 24:648. [PMID: 34278470 PMCID: PMC8299209 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2021.12287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Tissues have remarkable natural capabilities to regenerate for the purpose of physiological turnover and repair of damage. Adult mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are well known for their unique self-renewal ability, pluripotency, homing potential, paracrine effects and immunomodulation. Advanced research of the unique properties of MSCs have opened up new horizons for tissue regenerative therapies. However, certain drawbacks of the application of MSCs, such as the low survival rate of transplanted MSCs, unsatisfactory efficiency and even failure to regenerate under an unbalanced microenvironment, are concerning with regards to their wider therapeutic applications. The activity of stem cells is mainly regulated by the anatomical niche; where they are placed during their clinical and therapeutic applications. Crosstalk between various niche signals maintains MSCs in homeostasis, in which the WNT signaling pathway plays vital roles. Several external or internal stimuli have been reported to interrupt the normal bioactivity of stem cells. The irreversible tissue loss that occurs during infection at the site of tissue grafting suggests an inhibitory effect mediated by microbial infections within MSC niches. In addition, MSC-seeded tissue engineering success is difficult in various tissues, when sites of injury are under the effects of a severe infection despite the immunomodulatory properties of MSCs. In the present review, the current understanding of the way in which WNT signaling regulates MSC activity modification under physiological and pathological conditions was summarized. An effort was also made to illustrate parts of the underlying mechanism, including the inflammatory factors and their interactions with the regulatory WNT signaling pathway, aiming to promote the clinical translation of MSC-based therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingtao Zhang
- Department of Stomatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310085, P.R. China
| | - Jian Yu
- Department of Stomatology, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310030, P.R. China
| | - Qiuqiu Chen
- Department of Stomatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310085, P.R. China
| | - Honghai Yan
- Department of Stomatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310085, P.R. China
| | - Hongjiang Du
- Department of Stomatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310085, P.R. China
| | - Wenjing Luo
- Department of General Dentistry, Boston University Henry M. Goldman School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA
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Chen Q, Jiao J, Wang Y, Mai Z, Ren J, He S, Li X, Chen Z. Egr-1 mediates low-dose arecoline induced human oral mucosa fibroblast proliferation via transactivation of Wnt5a expression. BMC Mol Cell Biol 2020; 21:80. [PMID: 33167868 PMCID: PMC7653895 DOI: 10.1186/s12860-020-00325-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Arecoline is an alkaloid natural product found in the areca nut that can induce oral submucous fibrosis and subsequent development of cancer. However, numerous studies have shown that arecoline may inhibit fibroblast proliferation and prevent collagen synthesis. Results High doses of arecoline (> 32 μg/ml) could inhibit human oral fibroblast proliferation, while low doses of arecoline (< 16 μg/ml) could promote the proliferation of human oral fibroblasts. Wnt5a was found to be both sufficient and necessary for the promotion of fibroblast proliferation. Egr-1 could mediate the expression of Wnt5a in fibroblasts, while NF-κB, FOXO1, Smad2, and Smad3 did not. Treatment with siRNAs specific to Egr-1, Egr inhibitors, or Wnt5a antibody treatment could all inhibit arecoline-induced Wnt5a upregulation and fibroblast proliferation. Conclusions Egr-1 mediates the effect of low dose arecoline treatment on human oral mucosa fibroblast proliferation by transactivating the expression of Wnt5a. Therefore, Egr inhibitors and Wnt5a antibodies are potential therapies for treatment of oral submucosal fibrosis and oral cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Chen
- Department of Stomatology, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, No.600 Tianhe road, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Jiuyang Jiao
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Youyuan Wang
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhihui Mai
- Department of Stomatology, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, No.600 Tianhe road, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Jing Ren
- Department of Stomatology, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, No.600 Tianhe road, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Sijie He
- The fourth people's hospital of Nanhai district of Foshan city, Foshan, China.
| | - Xiaolan Li
- Guanghua School of stomatology & hospital of stomatology, Guangdong province key laboratory of stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Zheng Chen
- Department of Stomatology, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, No.600 Tianhe road, Guangzhou, 510630, China.
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Li WD, Zang CJ, Yin S, Shen W, Sun QY, Zhao M. Metformin protects against mouse oocyte apoptosis defects induced by arecoline. Cell Prolif 2020; 53:e12809. [PMID: 32557964 PMCID: PMC7377942 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.12809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2019] [Revised: 03/19/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Arecoline is the main bioactive substance extracted from Areca catechu L, which has cell, neural and genetic toxicity. The function of arecoline in reproductive system has not been well explored. MATERIALS AND METHODS To investigate the toxic effects of arecoline on oocyte development, immunofluorescence staining, qPCR, Western blotting, sperm binding assays and in vitro fertilization were performed to evaluate oocyte meiosis competence and embryo development. RESULTS Our data revealed that arecoline exposure disrupts actin filament dynamics, spindle assembly and kinetochore-microtubule attachment stability in mouse oocytes, leading to aneuploidy and oocyte meiosis arrest. In addition, arecoline treatment disturbs the distribution of mitochondria, reduces ATP production and increases the level of oxidative stress, which ultimately induces oocyte apoptosis. Supplementation with metformin, a medicine for type 2 diabetes in the clinic, partially alleviates these damages. CONCLUSIONS Metformin has a protective effect on arecoline-induced mouse oocytes apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Dong Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China.,College of Life Sciences, Institute of Reproductive Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
| | - Chuan-Jie Zang
- College of Life Sciences, Institute of Reproductive Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
| | - Shen Yin
- College of Life Sciences, Institute of Reproductive Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
| | - Wei Shen
- College of Life Sciences, Institute of Reproductive Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
| | - Qing-Yuan Sun
- College of Life Sciences, Institute of Reproductive Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China.,State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Minghui Zhao
- College of Life Sciences, Institute of Reproductive Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
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Tsai KZ, Lin JW, Lin F, Su FY, Li YH, Lin YP, Lin YK, Han CL, Hsieh CB, Lin GM. Association of betel nut chewing with exercise performance in a military male cohort: the CHIEF study. J ROY ARMY MED CORPS 2018; 164:399-404. [PMID: 30012664 DOI: 10.1136/jramc-2017-000899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2017] [Revised: 05/20/2018] [Accepted: 06/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Betel nut chewing may cause obesity, neurohormonal activation and inflammation, possibly impairing exercise performances. METHODS We examined the cross-sectional association in 4388 military male adults aged 18-50 years from the cardiorespiratory fitness in armed forces study in Taiwan between 2013 and 2014. The status of betel nut chewing was classified as current and former/never based on each participant's response to a questionnaire. Physical fitness was evaluated by three basic exercise tests including 3000 m running, 2 min sit-ups and 2 min push-ups. Multiple logistic regression for the best 10% and the worst 10% performers in each exercise, and linear regression were used to determine the relationship. RESULTS There were 564 current chewers and 3824 non-current chewers for the analysis. The linear regression shows that current betel nut chewing was positively correlated with 3000 m running duration (r=0.37, p=0.042) after adjusting for age, service specialty, body mass index, exercise frequency and alcohol intake. In addition, the logistic regression shows that as compared with non-current chewers, current chewers had lower odds of being the top 10% performers in 2 min push-ups and higher odds of being the bottom 10% performers in 2 min sit-ups (ORs and 95% CIs: 0.71 (0.50 to 0.99) and 1.32 (1.00 to 1.75), respectively). However, the associations between betel nut chewing and physical fitness were all insignificant after further adjusting for current smoking. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that the impairment of physical fitness associated with betel nut chewing of military young men might be mainly mediated or moderated by the coexisted cigarette smoking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun-Zhe Tsai
- Department of Medicine, Hualien Armed Forces General Hospital, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - J-W Lin
- Department of Medicine, Hualien Armed Forces General Hospital, Hualien, Taiwan.,Department of Dentistry, National Yang-Ming Univeristy, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - F Lin
- Department of Medicine, Hualien Armed Forces General Hospital, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - F-Y Su
- Department of Public Health, Tzu-Chi University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Y-H Li
- Department of Public Health, Tzu-Chi University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Y-P Lin
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Yonghe Cardinal Tien Hospital , Fu-Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Y-K Lin
- Department of Medicine, Hualien Armed Forces General Hospital, Hualien, Taiwan.,Department of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - C-L Han
- Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - C-B Hsieh
- Department of Medicine, Hualien Armed Forces General Hospital, Hualien, Taiwan.,Department of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - G-M Lin
- Department of Medicine, Hualien Armed Forces General Hospital, Hualien, Taiwan.,Department of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
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