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Wang Y, Yuan C, Zhao J, Liu Y, Tian C, Qian J, Nan T, Kang L, Liu Y, Zhan Z, Huang L. An evaluation of Astragali Radix with different growth patterns and years, based on a new multidimensional comparison method. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 15:1368135. [PMID: 38486854 PMCID: PMC10937430 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1368135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
Abstract
Introduction With the depletion of wild Astragali Radix (WA) resources, imitated-wild Astragali Radix (IWA) and cultivated Astragali Radix (CA) have become the main products of Astragali Radix. However, the quality differences of three growth patterns (WA, IWA, CA) and different growth years of Astragali Radix have not been fully characterized, leading to a lack of necessary scientific evidence for their use as substitutes for WA. Methods We innovatively proposed a multidimensional evaluation method that encompassed traits, microstructure, cell wall components, saccharides, and pharmacodynamic compounds, to comprehensively explain the quality variances among different growth patterns and years of Astragali Radix. Results and discussion Our study showed that the quality of IWA and WA was comparatively similar, including evaluation indicators such as apparent color, sectional structure and odor, thickness of phellem, diameter and number of vessels, morphology of phloem and xylem, and the levels and ratios of cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin, sucrose, starch, water-soluble polysaccharides, total-saponins. However, the content of sucrose, starch and sorbose in CA was significantly higher than WA, and the diameter and number of vessels, total-flavonoids content were lower than WA, indicating significant quality differences between CA and WA. Hence, we suggest that IWA should be used as a substitute for WA instead of CA. As for the planting years of IWA, our results indicated that IWA aged 1-32 years could be divided into three stages according to their quality change: rapid growth period (1-5 years), stable growth period (6-20 years), and elderly growth period (25-32 years). Among these, 6-20 years old IWA exhibited consistent multidimensional comparative results, showcasing elevated levels of key active components such as water-soluble polysaccharides, flavonoids, and saponins. Considering both the quality and cultivation expenses of IWA, we recommend a cultivation duration of 6-8 years for growers. In conclusion, we established a novel multidimensional evaluation method to systematically characterize the quality of Astragali Radix, and provided a new scientific perspective for the artificial cultivation and quality assurance of Astragali Radix.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yapeng Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medica Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Changsheng Yuan
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medica Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jiachen Zhao
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medica Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yunxiang Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medica Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Chunfang Tian
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medica Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jinxiu Qian
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medica Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Tiegui Nan
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medica Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Liping Kang
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medica Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yanmeng Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medica Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhilai Zhan
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medica Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Luqi Huang
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medica Sciences, Beijing, China
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Liu H, Peng S, Yuan H, He Y, Tang J, Zhang X. Chinese herbal medicine combined with western medicine for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus with hyperuricemia: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1102513. [PMID: 36762115 PMCID: PMC9902346 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1102513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Chinese herbal medicine (CHM) has the advantage of being safe and effective and has been widely used in clinical practice for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) with hyperuricemia (HUA), but its overall efficacy and safety remain unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of CHM for the treatment of T2DM with HUA based on randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to provide clinical evidence. Methods: The protocol evaluated in this study is registered with PROSPERO (CRD42022351519). As of November 2022, eight databases were searched, and RCTs of CHM for the treatment of T2DM with HUA were included. Outcome indicators observed included fasting blood glucose (FBG), 2-h postprandial glucose (2hPG), glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), uric acid (UA), triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), overall effectiveness, and adverse events. Utilizing Review Manager 5.4, Stata V14.0, and GRADEpro, the included studies were evaluated, and the quality of the evidence was determined. Results: 18 RCTs covering 1,311 patients were included in this study. The results of the study demonstrated that the combination of CHM and western medicine (WM) was more effective in treating patients with T2DM with HUA than WM alone, with significant improvements in FBG (weighted mean differences (WMD) = -0.60.95% confidence interval (CI) [-0.81, -0.40], p < 0.00001), 2hPG (WMD = -1.12.95% CI [-1.64, -0.60], p < 0.0001), HbA1c (WMD = -0.80.95% CI [-1.04, -0.56], p < 0.00001), UA (WMD = -53.47.95% CI [-67.45, -39.48], p < 0.00001), TG (WMD = -0.56.95% CI [-0.74, -0.38], p < 0.00001), TC (WMD = -0.49.95% CI [-0.65, -0.33], p < 0.00001), and overall effective rate (risk ratio (RR) = 1.29.95%CI [1.13, 1.48], p = 0.0002). The quality of evidence for all outcomes was low. Conclusion: Compared with WM alone, the combination of CHM and WM was more effective in treating patients with T2DM with HUA, with significant improvements in glucose metabolism, uric acid, and lipids. However, further evaluation by high-quality RCT results is needed due to the low quality and high heterogeneity of the evidence. Systematic Review Registration: [https://systematicreview.gov/], identifier [CRD42022351519].
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyan Liu
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Sihan Peng
- TCM Regulating Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Haipo Yuan
- TCM Regulating Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuchi He
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Jiao Tang
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiyu Zhang
- TCM Regulating Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China,*Correspondence: Xiyu Zhang,
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