Inhibitory Effects of Three Dimensional Adipose Tissue-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cell Conditioned Medium on Immune Response and Efficacy Evaluation of its Cream

Whitening and moisturizing enhancing effects of three-dimensional human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cell-conditioned medium-containing cream

BACKGROUND

High-functional cosmetic products combined with the concept of "treatment" cosmetics are being introduced to the market. Cosmetic products containing a skin-derived microbiome, a three-dimensional (3D) stem cell culture medium, and low-molecular-weight collagen are being introduced, and these products are leading the cosmeceutical market. We aimed to confirm the potential of a 3D stem cell culture medium-containing cream as a skin-whitening and moisturizing product.

AIM

To determine the enhancing effects of a cream containing 3D adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cell-conditioned media (3D ADMSC-CM) on whitening and moisturization.

METHODS

The inhibitory activities of tyrosinase (TYR) and melanin were confirmed using 3D ADMSC-CM. Furthermore, hyaluronic acid expression in 3D ADMSC-CM was verified. The clinical efficacy of the cream containing 3D ADMSC-CM was established by evaluating its antioxidant properties and effects on skin tone, radiance, freckles, and moisturization.

RESULTS

The use of 3D ADMSC-CM suppressed the inhibitory effects of TYR and melanin by approximately 24% and 33%, respectively, and increased the expression of hyaluronic acid synthase. A significant difference was observed after 4 weeks of using 3D ADMSC-CM in the skin antioxidant evaluation. After 2 and 4 weeks of use, skin tone and radiance increased and skin freckles decreased significantly. Under extremely cold and dry weather conditions, the use of the cream increased skin moisturization.

CONCLUSIONS

The 3D ADMSC-CM cream evaluated in an environment similar to the human body was found to enhance skin whitening and moisturization and can therefore be used in the skin care and cosmetic industries as a biocosmetic product.

A study on clinical effectiveness of cosmetics containing human stem cell conditioned media

Background

With the steadily increasing trend of functional cosmetics consumption, the public is increasingly expecting the efficacy of cosmetics, and in order to meet these consumer needs, the development of various effective raw materials, as well as products through technical convergence research, has been activating focusing on dermatology. In the Republic of Korea, much attention was paid to cosmetic raw materials using human stem cells as a new growth engine at the end of the 2000s. Accordingly, the Ministry of Food and Drug Safety implemented the Regulations on Cosmetic Safety Standards, etc., which contains the safety standards of human-derived cell and tissue culture as raw materials for cosmetics.

Methods

Twice a day, morning and evening, for 28 days, 3 mL of the sample provided for each subject was applied onto the entire face using an airbrush. The subjects were divided into a control group (C), an experimental group 1 (ADSC-CM 5% group, E1) and an experimental group 2 (polymersome-containing of ADSC-CM 5% group, E2), and there were 20 subjects in each group.

Results

Moisture content on the U-zone, melanin and erythema of lid-cheek, overall size and depth of eye wrinkles, and skin roughness of the items showed significant differences among all three groups. More specifically, E1 had a higher rate of skin improvement than C, and E2 had the highest skin improvement rate in all items: skin moisture content, transepidermal water loss (TEWL), melanin and erythema of lid-cheek, eye wrinkles, and skin roughness of lid-cheek.

Conclusions

The effectiveness of ADSC-CM was verified in all items: increases in moisture content, decrease in TEWL, and improvements of whitening and wrinkles. Moreover, the effectiveness of ADSC-CM was observed as higher in samples of polymersome-containing ADSC-CM than those of raw material ADSC-CM. Furthermore, percutaneous absorption was improved compared with previous studies on formulations in relation to polymersome at the same concentration of ADSC-CM, thereby resulting in higher effectiveness.

Trial registration

Korea National Institute for Bioethics Policy, P01–201809–13-001, Registered 06 September 2018, http://public.irb.or.kr/.

The effect of three-dimensional cultured adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cell–conditioned medium and the antiaging effect of cosmetic products containing the medium

Background

Recently, investigators have been trying to apply the by-products as well as stem cells themselves to various fields such as pharmaceuticals, medical devices, quasi-drug, cosmetis, etc. We aimed to comfirm the anti-senescence effect of 3D cultured adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cell–conditioned medium (3D cultured ADMSCs-CM) and develop them as cosmetic raw materials for anti-aging purposes.

Methods

We investigated the effect of 3D cultured ADMSCs-CM on collagen production and performed efficacy tests to evaluate the effect of a cream-based cosmetic product containing the medium using various methods, such as dermal density, skin moisture retention, and so on.

Results

Analysis of the effect of ADMSCs-CM on skin regeneration and production of collagen showed 1.5-fold (2D cultured ADMSCs-CM) and 2.5-fold (3D cultured ADMSCs-CM) increase in expressions of procollagen and 4-fold (2D cultured ADMSCs-CM) and 5-fold (3D cultured ADMSCs-CM) increase in the expression of collagen compared with control. In addition, related gene expression was also increased. We conducted a human skin test using a cream-based product containing 3D cultured ADMSCs-CM. In skin texture assessment, skin roughness decreased by 11.94% at the application site and 3.74% at the non-application site after 3 weeks of use. Compared with before cream use, after 2 and 4 weeks of substance use, the skin elasticity analysis showed an increase in the elasticity value by 5.97% and 9.34%, respectively, and the improvement of small wrinkles was 5.01% and 6.23%, respectively. After 2 and 4 weeks of test substance use, dermal density analysis showed 6.97% and 12.53% increase, respectively. Skin moisture retention analysis showed skin moisture maintained at 543.60% and 452.38%, respectively, immediately after one-time use and after 20 min of cool breeze exposure compared with before application of the test substance.

Conclusions

As raw material for cosmetic products, 3D cultured ADMSCs-CM prevented skin aging by promoting collagen production, restoring damaged skin, and increasing dermal density. Therefore, 3D cultured ADMSCs-CM can be widely applied to maintain and improve skin condition.