Pulmonary metastasectomy: limits to credibility

Sequential multimodal treatments with chemotherapy and surgery for advanced soft tissue sarcoma may be associated with better survival than chemotherapy

BACKGROUND

In patients with advanced soft tissue sarcoma (STS), surgery had been reported to be associated with superior overall survival (OS). Chemotherapy details for such patients were less reported, and whether multimodal treatment with surgery and chemotherapy provides extra survival benefit remains unclear.

METHODS

We retrospectively reviewed patients with newly diagnosed advanced STS treated at National Taiwan University Hospital from January 1, 2011, to December 31, 2017. OS was calculated from the day of diagnosis of advanced STS to the day of death or last follow-up. Baseline patient characteristics and details regarding surgery and chemotherapy were recorded.

RESULTS

A total of 545 patients were diagnosed with STS from 2011 to 2017, of which 226 patients had advanced STS. The median age was 54.7 years, and 54% of patients were women. Approximately 38% of patients with advanced STS underwent surgery and exhibited a trend of longer OS compared with who did not (median = 18.6 vs. 11.9 months, p = 0.083). In the chemotherapy subgroup, the benefit of surgery was more prominent (median = 21.9 vs. 16.5 months, p = 0.037). Patients who received chemotherapy prior to surgery exhibited numerically longer OS than those who underwent surgery first (median = 33.9 vs. 18.3 months, p = 0.155). After adjusting other clinical factors, chemotherapy remained an independent factor associated with favourable OS.

CONCLUSION

Surgery may be more beneficial for the patients who receive chemotherapy. Our results support evaluation of sequential multimodal treatments strategy including surgery and chemotherapy in patients with advanced STS.

The impact of the location, incidence and distribution of lung metastases in primary colorectal and renal cell cancer patients on prognosis: a retrospective observational study

Background

Patients with distant metastases have an unfavourable prognosis, but patients with isolated pulmonary metastases should generally not be considered hopeless. Complete resection of metachronous and solitary metastases leads to prolonged survival; however, the influence of the location, distribution and bilaterality of pulmonary metastases needs to be investigated further. This article aimed to investigate the role of the distribution of lung metastases in primary colorectal and renal cell cancer patients on prognosis.

Methods

We retrospectively investigated the prognosis of patients with pulmonary metastases and colorectal or renal cell carcinoma, defined as the survival time of patients with different metastases. The types of metastases were unilobar, multilobar, unilateral, bilateral, diffuse, synchronous, or metachronous. The secondary outcome of this study was differences in prognosis according to additional criteria.

Results

Patients with metachronous metastases had significantly greater median survival than patients with synchronous metastases. There was a statistically significant difference in median survival between patients with unilateral (better survival) and patients with bilateral (worse survival) lung metastases. In patients with renal cell carcinoma, a statistically significant difference in median survival time was detected for patients with unilateral metastases. A significantly longer median survival time was observed in patients without diffuse metastases. A significantly greater median survival time was detected in patients with no thoracic nodal involvement. Moreover, there was no statistically significant difference in the median survival time for patients with colorectal versus renal cell carcinoma in general or for those with lung metastases. No statistically significant difference in median survival time was detected for patients according to single or multiple lung metastases, additional tumours or metastases during disease, the distance of residence from a specialized clinic in Coburg, sex, smoking or adipocytes, multimorbidity, immunosuppression or different cancer treatments.

Conclusions

For a minority of patients, pulmonary resection is a chance for prolonged survival. The perioperative mortality rate after metastasectomy is less than five percent. Patients with metachronous and unilateral lung metastases should be evaluated for surgery. Patients with diffuse metastases or lymph node involvement have a significantly shorter median survival time. Decision-making should be interdisciplinary.