|
1
|
Ludwig ML, Moline D, Horrmann A, Boytim E, Larson G, Arafa AT, Sayeda M, Lozada JR, Bergom HE, Day A, Dasaraju S, Dehm SM, Murugan P, Hwang J, Drake JM, Antonarakis ES. Integrated multi-omics assessment of lineage plasticity in a prostate cancer patient with brain and dural metastases. NPJ Precis Oncol 2024; 8:215. [PMID: 39349591 PMCID: PMC11443004 DOI: 10.1038/s41698-024-00713-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2024] [Accepted: 09/16/2024] [Indexed: 10/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Metastases to the brain are rare in prostate cancer. Here, we describe a patient with two treatment-emergent metastatic lesions, one to the brain with neuroendocrine prostate cancer (NEPC) histology and one to the dural membrane of adenocarcinoma histology. We performed genomic, transcriptomic, and proteomic characterization of these lesions and the primary tumor to investigate molecular features promoting these metastases. The two metastatic lesions had high genomic similarity, including TP53 mutation and PTEN deletion, with the most striking difference being the additional loss of RB1 in the NEPC lesion. Interestingly, the dural lesion expressed both androgen receptor and neuroendocrine markers, suggesting amphicrine carcinoma (AMPC). When analyzing pioneer transcription factors, the AMPC lesion exhibited elevated FOXA1 activity while the brain NEPC lesion showed elevated HOXC10, NFYB, and OTX2 expression suggesting novel roles in NEPC formation or brain tropism. Our results highlight the utility of performing multi-omic characterization, especially in rare cancer subtypes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Megan L Ludwig
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - David Moline
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology, Oncology, and Transplantation, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Alec Horrmann
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Ella Boytim
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology, Oncology, and Transplantation, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Gabrianne Larson
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Ali T Arafa
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Masooma Sayeda
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology, Oncology, and Transplantation, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - John R Lozada
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology, Oncology, and Transplantation, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Hannah E Bergom
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology, Oncology, and Transplantation, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Abderrahman Day
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology, Oncology, and Transplantation, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Sandhyarani Dasaraju
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Scott M Dehm
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
- Department of Urology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Paari Murugan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Justin Hwang
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology, Oncology, and Transplantation, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Justin M Drake
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
- Department of Urology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
| | - Emmanuel S Antonarakis
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology, Oncology, and Transplantation, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
|
2
|
Verma S, Prajapati KS, Kushwaha PP, Shuaib M, Kumar Singh A, Kumar S, Gupta S. Resistance to second generation antiandrogens in prostate cancer: pathways and mechanisms. CANCER DRUG RESISTANCE (ALHAMBRA, CALIF.) 2020; 3:742-761. [PMID: 35582225 PMCID: PMC8992566 DOI: 10.20517/cdr.2020.45] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Revised: 08/03/2020] [Accepted: 08/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Androgen deprivation therapy targeting the androgens/androgen receptor (AR) signaling continues to be the mainstay treatment of advanced-stage prostate cancer. The use of second-generation antiandrogens, such as abiraterone acetate and enzalutamide, has improved the survival of prostate cancer patients; however, a majority of these patients progress to castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). The mechanisms of resistance to antiandrogen treatments are complex, including specific mutations, alternative splicing, and amplification of oncogenic proteins resulting in dysregulation of various signaling pathways. In this review, we focus on the major mechanisms of acquired resistance to second generation antiandrogens, including AR-dependent and AR-independent resistance mechanisms as well as other resistance mechanisms leading to CRPC emergence. Evolving knowledge of resistance mechanisms to AR targeted treatments will lead to additional research on designing more effective therapies for advanced-stage prostate cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shiv Verma
- Department of Urology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
- The Urology Institute, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Kumari Sunita Prajapati
- School of Basic and Applied Sciences, Department of Biochemistry and Microbial Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda 151001, India
| | - Prem Prakash Kushwaha
- School of Basic and Applied Sciences, Department of Biochemistry and Microbial Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda 151001, India
| | - Mohd Shuaib
- School of Basic and Applied Sciences, Department of Biochemistry and Microbial Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda 151001, India
| | - Atul Kumar Singh
- School of Basic and Applied Sciences, Department of Biochemistry and Microbial Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda 151001, India
| | - Shashank Kumar
- School of Basic and Applied Sciences, Department of Biochemistry and Microbial Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda 151001, India
| | - Sanjay Gupta
- Department of Urology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
- The Urology Institute, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
- School of Basic and Applied Sciences, Department of Biochemistry and Microbial Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda 151001, India
- Department of Nutrition, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
- Divison of General Medical Sciences, Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
- Department of Urology, Louis Stokes Cleveland Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| |
Collapse
|