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Morão IFC, Simões T, Casado RB, Vieira S, Ferreira-Airaud B, Caliani I, Di Noi A, Casini S, Fossi MC, Lemos MFL, Novais SC. Metal accumulation in female green sea turtles (Chelonia mydas) from Eastern Atlantic affects their egg quality with potential implications for embryonic development. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 931:172710. [PMID: 38670375 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Revised: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
Sea turtles, with their global distribution and complex life cycle, often accumulate pollutants such as metals and metalloids due to their extended lifespan and feeding habits. However, there are limited studies exploring the impact of metal pollution on the reproductive health of female sea turtles, specifically focusing on the quality of their eggs, which has significant implications for the future generations of these charismatic animals. São Tomé Island, a crucial nesting and feeding habitat for green sea turtles, underscores the urgent need for comprehensive research in this ecologically significant area. This study aimed to investigate whether metals and metalloids in the blood of nesting female green sea turtles induce genotoxic effects in their erythrocytes and affect their egg morphometric characteristics and the composition of related compartments. Additionally, this study aimed to evaluate whether the quality of energetic reserves for embryo development (fatty acids in yolk's polar and neutral lipids) is influenced by the contamination status of their predecessors. Results revealed correlations between Cu and Hg levels and increased "lobed" erythrocytes, while As and Cu negatively influenced shell thickness. In terms of energy reserves, both polar and neutral lipid fractions contained primarily saturated and monounsaturated fatty acids, with prevalent 18:1n-9, 18:0, 16:0, 14:0, and 12:0 fatty acids in yolk samples. The yolk polar fraction was more susceptible to contaminant levels in female sea turtles, showing consistent negative correlations between pollution load index and essential n3 fatty acids, including linolenic, eicosatrienoic, eicosapentaenoic, and docosapentaenoic acids, crucial for embryonic development. These metals accumulation, coupled with the reduced availability of these key fatty acids, may disrupt the eicosanoid and other important pathways, affecting reproductive development. This study reveals a negative correlation between metal contamination in female sea turtles' blood and egg lipid reserves, raising concerns about embryonic development and the species' future generations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inês F C Morão
- MARE - Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre & ARNET - Aquatic Research Network, ESTM, Politécnico de Leiria, Portugal; Faculdade de Ciências & CESAM, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - Tiago Simões
- MARE - Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre & ARNET - Aquatic Research Network, ESTM, Politécnico de Leiria, Portugal
| | - Roger B Casado
- MARE - Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre & ARNET - Aquatic Research Network, ESTM, Politécnico de Leiria, Portugal
| | - Sara Vieira
- Associação Programa Tatô, São Tomé, São Tomé and Príncipe; Centro de Ciências do Mar (CCMAR), Universidade do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, Faro, Portugal
| | - Betânia Ferreira-Airaud
- Associação Programa Tatô, São Tomé, São Tomé and Príncipe; Centro de Ciências do Mar (CCMAR), Universidade do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, Faro, Portugal
| | - Ilaria Caliani
- Department of Physical, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Agata Di Noi
- Department of Physical, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Silvia Casini
- Department of Physical, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Siena, Siena, Italy; NBFC, National Biodiversity Future Center, Palermo, Italy
| | - Maria C Fossi
- Department of Physical, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Siena, Siena, Italy; NBFC, National Biodiversity Future Center, Palermo, Italy
| | - Marco F L Lemos
- MARE - Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre & ARNET - Aquatic Research Network, ESTM, Politécnico de Leiria, Portugal
| | - Sara C Novais
- MARE - Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre & ARNET - Aquatic Research Network, ESTM, Politécnico de Leiria, Portugal.
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Mendonça JDS, Hirano LQL, Santos ALQ, de Melo E Silva D, de Castro Pereira C, Costa MS, de Lima PN, Araújo APDC, Malafaia G, Ambrósio IS, de Moura Bife Castilho L, Dos Santos ALR, de Faria AM, de Andrade DV, Vieira LG. The exposure in ovo of embryos belonging to Amazonian turtle species Podocnemis expansa (Testudines) to commercial glyphosate and fipronil formulations impairs their growth and changes their skeletal development. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 842:156709. [PMID: 35718176 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.156709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Revised: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Pesticides are widely used in agricultural production; moreover, they can have direct and indirect effect on both flora and fauna. Aquatic organisms, among other animals, including reptiles, are mainly susceptible to contamination effects. Accordingly, the aim of the present study is to test the hypothesis that the incubation of Podocnemis expansa eggs in substrate added with glyphosate and fipronil formulations changes their viability, interferes with their growth and induces bone alterations. Eggs collected in natural environment were artificially incubated in sand moistened with water added with glyphosate Atar 48, at concentrations of 65 or 6500 μg/L (groups G1 and G2, respectively), and with fipronil Regent 800 WG at 4 or 400 μg/L (groups F1 and F2, respectively) or, yet, with the combination of 65 μg/L glyphosate and 4 μg/L fipronil, or with 6500 μg/L glyphosate and 400 μg/L fipronil (groups GF1 and GF2, respectively). The level of exposure to the herein assessed pesticides was quantified at the end of the incubation period; it was done by dosing its concentration in eggshells. Eggs exposed to the tested pesticides did not have their viability affected by it; however, all embryos exposed to the tested pesticides showed lowered body mass at hatch, as well as impaired development. In addition, bone malformation in the scleral ossicular ring was observed in individuals in groups F1, F2 and GF1. Pesticides accumulated in eggshells at concentrations related to exposure level. Thus, the recorded results have evidenced some remarkably relevant, and previously unknown, impacts associated with the exposure of a species listed as lower risk/conservation dependent, which spends most of its life in the water, to two widely used pesticides, at a very sensitive stage of its life, namely: egg incubation on land.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana Dos Santos Mendonça
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia, Evolução e Biodiversidade, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho (UNESP), Rio Claro, SP, Brazil.
| | - Líria Queiroz Luz Hirano
- Faculdade de Agronomia e Medicina Veterinária, Universidade de Brasília (UNB), Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | - André Luiz Quagliatto Santos
- Laboratório de Ensino e Pesquisa em Animais Silvestres, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia (UFU), Uberlândia, MG, Brazil
| | - Daniela de Melo E Silva
- Laboratório de Genética e Mutagênese, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Goiás (UFG), Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Carolina de Castro Pereira
- Laboratório Multidisciplinar em Morfologia e Ontogenia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Goiás (UFG), Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Matheus Santos Costa
- Laboratório Multidisciplinar em Morfologia e Ontogenia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Goiás (UFG), Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Phâmella Neres de Lima
- Laboratório Multidisciplinar em Morfologia e Ontogenia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Goiás (UFG), Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Amanda Pereira da Costa Araújo
- Laboratório de Toxicologia Amplicada ao Meio Ambiente, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Conservação dos Recursos Naturais do Cerrado, Instituto Federal Goiano - Campus Urutaí, GO, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Ambientais, Universidade Federal de Goiás (UFG), Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Guilherme Malafaia
- Laboratório de Toxicologia Amplicada ao Meio Ambiente, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Conservação dos Recursos Naturais do Cerrado, Instituto Federal Goiano - Campus Urutaí, GO, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia e Biodiversidade, Instituição Federal Goiano e Universidade Federal de Goiás, GO, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia, Conservação e Biodiversidade, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia (UFU), Uberlândia, MG, Brazil
| | - Isabela Sayuri Ambrósio
- Instituto de Ciências Exatas e Naturais do Pontal, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia (UFU), Ituiutaba, MG, Brazil
| | - Lais de Moura Bife Castilho
- Instituto de Ciências Exatas e Naturais do Pontal, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia (UFU), Ituiutaba, MG, Brazil
| | | | - Anizio Marcio de Faria
- Instituto de Ciências Exatas e Naturais do Pontal, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia (UFU), Ituiutaba, MG, Brazil
| | - Denis Vieira de Andrade
- Departamento de Biodiversidade, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho (UNESP), Rio Claro, SP, Brazil
| | - Lucélia Gonçalves Vieira
- Laboratório Multidisciplinar em Morfologia e Ontogenia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Goiás (UFG), Goiânia, GO, Brazil
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Shi X, Li X, Li X, He Z, Chen X, Song J, Zeng L, Liang Q, Li J, Xu G, Zheng J. Antibacterial Properties of TMA against Escherichia coli and Effect of Temperature and Storage Duration on TMA Content, Lysozyme Activity and Content in Eggs. Foods 2022; 11:foods11040527. [PMID: 35206004 PMCID: PMC8870930 DOI: 10.3390/foods11040527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Revised: 01/30/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Studies on trimethylamine (TMA) in egg yolk have focused on how it impacts the flavor of eggs, but there has been little focus on its other functions. We designed an in vitro antibacterial test of TMA according to TMA concentrations that covered the TMA contents typically found in egg yolk. The change in TMA content in yolk was analyzed at different storage temperatures and for different storage durations. The known antibacterial components of eggs, including the cuticle quality of the eggshell and the lysozyme activity and content in egg white, were also assessed. The total bacterial count (TBC) of different parts of eggs were detected. The results showed that the inhibitory effect of TMA on Escherichia coli (E. coli) growth increased with increasing TMA concentration, and the yolk TMA content significantly increased with storage duration (p < 0.05). The cuticle quality and lysozyme content and activity significantly decreased with storage time and increasing temperature, accompanied by a significant increase in the TBC on the eggshell surface and in the egg white (p < 0.05). This work reveals a new role for trace TMA in yolks because it reduces the risk of bacterial colonization, especially when the antibacterial function of eggs is gradually weakened during storage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuefeng Shi
- College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (X.S.); (X.L.); (Z.H.); (J.S.); (L.Z.); (Q.L.); (J.L.); (G.X.)
| | - Xingzheng Li
- Shenzhen Agricultural Genome Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Shenzhen 440307, China;
| | - Xianyu Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (X.S.); (X.L.); (Z.H.); (J.S.); (L.Z.); (Q.L.); (J.L.); (G.X.)
| | - Zhaoxiang He
- College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (X.S.); (X.L.); (Z.H.); (J.S.); (L.Z.); (Q.L.); (J.L.); (G.X.)
| | - Xia Chen
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100094, China;
| | - Jianlou Song
- College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (X.S.); (X.L.); (Z.H.); (J.S.); (L.Z.); (Q.L.); (J.L.); (G.X.)
| | - Lingsen Zeng
- College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (X.S.); (X.L.); (Z.H.); (J.S.); (L.Z.); (Q.L.); (J.L.); (G.X.)
| | - Qianni Liang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (X.S.); (X.L.); (Z.H.); (J.S.); (L.Z.); (Q.L.); (J.L.); (G.X.)
| | - Junying Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (X.S.); (X.L.); (Z.H.); (J.S.); (L.Z.); (Q.L.); (J.L.); (G.X.)
| | - Guiyun Xu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (X.S.); (X.L.); (Z.H.); (J.S.); (L.Z.); (Q.L.); (J.L.); (G.X.)
| | - Jiangxia Zheng
- College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (X.S.); (X.L.); (Z.H.); (J.S.); (L.Z.); (Q.L.); (J.L.); (G.X.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-10-6273-2741; Fax: +86-10-6273-1080
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Frossard A, Coppo GC, Lourenço AT, Heringer OA, Chippari-Gomes AR. Metal bioaccumulation and its genotoxic effects on eggs and hatchlings of giant Amazon river turtle (Podocnemis expansa). ECOTOXICOLOGY (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2021; 30:643-657. [PMID: 33754232 DOI: 10.1007/s10646-021-02384-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to assess whether possible metal contamination in the sediment of the nests of giant Amazon river turtle, Podocnemis expansa, could contaminate eggs and hatchlings, triggering genotoxic damage. Therefore, sediments of P. expansa nests from two sites in the Brazilian Amazon were evaluated, with the first being collected at Araguaia River and the second at Crixás-Açu River. Newly hatched offspring, eggs, and sediments were collected from the beaches of these two rivers and the quantification of metals (Al, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Pb, and Zn) was carried out by atomic absorption spectroscopy. All targeted metals were found in both sediment and P. expansa biological samples collected on the beaches presenting higher concentrations in the sediment of Crixás-Açu River. Metals found in the eggshells before nesting and in the egg contents were maternally transferred. Moreover, augmented concentration of metals led by metal transfer from the nests sediments were detected in the eggshells after nesting (ENH) and in the newly hatched offspring (H). Probably this metal relocation to the newly hatchlings augmented the frequency of micronuclei in their blood, presenting 15.25‰ in hatchling found in Crixás-Açu River beaches and 10‰ in newly hatched animals from Araguaia River beaches. These results indicate the occurrence of maternal transfer of metals (essential or not) to the eggs in testudines as well as a transference from the sediments to the nesting eggs, triggering genotoxic effects on the hatchlings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Frossard
- Laboratory of Applied Ichthyology, Vila Velha University, Av. Comissário José Dantas de Melo, 21, Boa Vista, 29102-770, Vila Velha, ES, Brazil.
| | - Gabriel Carvalho Coppo
- Laboratory of Applied Ichthyology, Vila Velha University, Av. Comissário José Dantas de Melo, 21, Boa Vista, 29102-770, Vila Velha, ES, Brazil
| | - Amanda Toledo Lourenço
- Laboratory of Health and Wildlife, Vila Velha University, Av. Comissário José Dantas de Melo, 21, Boa Vista, 29102-770, Vila Velha, ES, Brazil
| | - Otávio Arruda Heringer
- Department of Research and Development -Tommasi Ambiental, Av. Arara Azul, 187, Novo Horizonte, Serra, ES, Brazil
| | - Adriana Regina Chippari-Gomes
- Laboratory of Applied Ichthyology, Vila Velha University, Av. Comissário José Dantas de Melo, 21, Boa Vista, 29102-770, Vila Velha, ES, Brazil
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de Oliveira JSP, Vieira LG, Carvalho WF, de Souza MB, de Lima Rodrigues AS, Simões K, de Melo De Silva D, Dos Santos Mendonça J, Hirano LQL, Santos ALQ, Malafaia G. Mutagenic, genotoxic and morphotoxic potential of different pesticides in the erythrocytes of Podocnemis expansa neonates. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 737:140304. [PMID: 32783869 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.140304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Revised: 05/24/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Despite the damaging effects of pesticides glyphosate (Gly), atrazine (Atra) and fipronil (Fip) on different organisms, the mutagenic, genotoxic and morphotoxic potential of testudine erythrocytes in freshwater remains unknown. Thus, the aim of the present study is to assess the toxicological potential of these compounds in Podocnemis expansa (Amazonian turtles) neonates from eggs artificially incubated in substrate at different concentrations of herbicides Gly and Atra and insecticide Fip. Micronucleus test and other nuclear abnormalities, as well as comet assay and morphometric measurements taken of models' circulating erythrocytes were used as toxicity biomarkers. Pups exposed to Gly (groups Gly-65 ppb and Gly-6500 ppb) were the ones recording the largest amount of nuclear abnormalities; erythrocytes with multilobulated, notched and displaced nucleus were mostly frequent in groups Atra-2 ppb and Gly -65 ppb. All treatments (Gly-6500 ppb, Atra-2 ppb, Atra-200 ppb, Fip-4 ppb and Fip-400 ppb), except for group Gly-65 ppb, led to decreased erythrocyte area, increased "nuclear area: erythrocyte area" ratio, as well as to decreased erythrocyte and erythrocyte nuclei circularity, which highlights the clear effect on the size and shape of these cells. On the other hand, the comet assay did not evidence any genotoxic effect caused by the assessed pesticides. This is a pioneer study on the mutagenic and morphotoxic potential of pesticides in P. expansa eclodides exposed in ovo to Gly, Atra and Fip; therefore, it is an insight on how these compounds can affect the health of these animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Silonardo Pereira de Oliveira
- Biological Research Laboratory, Post-Graduation Program in Conservation of Cerrado Natural Resources, Goiano Federal Institute - Urutaí, Campus, Urutaí, GO, Brazil
| | | | - Wanessa Fernandes Carvalho
- Mutagenesis Laboratory, Biological Sciences Institute, ICB I - Federal University of Goiás, Samambaia Campus, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Marcelino Benvindo de Souza
- Mutagenesis Laboratory, Biological Sciences Institute, ICB I - Federal University of Goiás, Samambaia Campus, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Aline Sueli de Lima Rodrigues
- Biological Research Laboratory, Post-Graduation Program in Conservation of Cerrado Natural Resources, Goiano Federal Institute - Urutaí, Campus, Urutaí, GO, Brazil
| | - Karina Simões
- Morphology Department, Biological Sciences Institute, Federal University of Goiás, Samambaia Campus, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Daniela de Melo De Silva
- Mutagenesis Laboratory, Biological Sciences Institute, ICB I - Federal University of Goiás, Samambaia Campus, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Guilherme Malafaia
- Biological Research Laboratory, Post-Graduation Program in Conservation of Cerrado Natural Resources, Goiano Federal Institute - Urutaí, Campus, Urutaí, GO, Brazil.
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