1
|
Negoro H, Nakamoto I, Uiji S, Matsushima Y, Mathis BJ, Kanikowska D, Wakamura T. Diurnal differences in urine flow in healthy young men in a light-controlled environment: a randomized crossover design. J Physiol Anthropol 2023; 42:27. [PMID: 37978565 PMCID: PMC10655426 DOI: 10.1186/s40101-023-00346-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Older men often experience nocturnal urination difficulties, reflected by diurnal differences in maximum urine flow (Qmax). Since lower urinary tract symptoms and pathological comorbidities are frequent in older men, it remains unclear whether this diurnal variation is a physiological or pathological phenomenon. Our aim was to quantify the diurnal variability of Qmax in healthy young participants under varying daylight conditions in a stable environment to discern potential underlying causes of nocturnal urination difficulties. METHODS Twenty-one healthy young men were recruited in a 4-day study utilizing daytime (08:00-18:00) exposure with two light conditions in randomized order: dim (< 50 lx) or bright (~2500 lx). Day 1 was for acclimation, and urine flow was assessed from day 2. The participants urinated ad libitum during day 2 and then at fixed 3-4-h intervals thereafter (days 3-4). Regular urination Qmax at late night (04:00) on day 4 was compared with the nearest voided volume during daytime of day 3 (mDay). RESULTS Morning Qmax scores (after bed-11:00) on day 2 were significantly lower than evening (17:00-before pre-sleep) in bright conditions and those of daytime (11:00-17:00), evening (17:00-before pre-sleep), and pre-sleep in dim conditions. Pre-sleep Qmax during the ad libitum period was significantly higher in dim than bright conditions. Late-night Qmax values (04:00) on day 4 were significantly lower than Qmax scores of mDay on day 3 in both light conditions. CONCLUSIONS Healthy young men had a clear diurnal Qmax difference that decreased during late night and morning. In addition, the pre-sleep Qmax values in dim daylight were significantly higher than in bright daylight. Taken together, we conclude that late-night and morning decreases in Qmax are an instinctive physiological phenomenon in humans, and the diurnal difference of Qmax can be influenced by daylight conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hiromitsu Negoro
- Department of Urology, Institute of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8575, Japan.
| | - Isuzu Nakamoto
- Department of Gerontological and Home Healthcare Nursing, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Sayaka Uiji
- Human Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yoshiko Matsushima
- Human Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Bryan J Mathis
- International Medical Center, University of Tsukuba Affiliated Hospital, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Dominika Kanikowska
- Department of Pathophysiology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Tomoko Wakamura
- Human Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
He M, Ru T, Li S, Li Y, Zhou G. Shine light on sleep: Morning bright light improves nocturnal sleep and next morning alertness among college students. J Sleep Res 2023; 32:e13724. [PMID: 36058557 DOI: 10.1111/jsr.13724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Revised: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
The relationship between daytime light, especially morning light and sleep, has not been well documented. People who work in an office spend most of their time indoors and thus have less access to high-level daylight. The current study employed a field intervention approach to investigate whether exposure to 1.5 h of bright electric light in the early morning for 1 workweek would benefit sleep among students who spent most of their time in an office at the university. Twelve students (24.92 ± 1.78 years) underwent a 2 workday baseline measurement and two inconsecutive 5 workday interventions (with 1 week washout) with morning bright light and regular office light (1000 lx, 6500 K vs. 300 lx, 4000 K, at eye level). The sleep outcomes were recorded with actigraphy and a sleep diary. In addition, self-ratings of daytime sleepiness, mood, mental fatigue, perceived effort, and next morning sleepiness were measured each workday. The results showed that exposure to morning bright light versus regular office light yielded a higher sleep efficiency (83.82% ± 1.60 vs. 80.35% ± 1.57, p = 0.02), a smaller fragmentation index (15.26% ± 1.31 vs. 17.18% ± 1.28, p = 0.05), and a shorter time in bed (7.12 ± 0.13 vs. 7.51 ± 0.12, p = 0.03). Meanwhile, an earlier sleep onset time, shorter sleep latency, and lower morning sleepiness were observed after a 5 workday morning bright light intervention compared with the baseline (ps <0.05), no such benefit was found for self-ratings (ps >0.05). These findings support existing evidence that morning bright light could function as an enhancer of sleep and alertness for office occupants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Meiheng He
- Laboratory of Lighting and Physio-psychological Health, School of Psychology, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Taotao Ru
- National Center for International Research on Green Optoelectronics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Information Materials and Technology & Institute of Electronic Paper Displays, South China Academy of Advanced Optoelectronics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Siyu Li
- Laboratory of Lighting and Physio-psychological Health, School of Psychology, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yun Li
- Laboratory of Lighting and Physio-psychological Health, School of Psychology, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guofu Zhou
- National Center for International Research on Green Optoelectronics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Information Materials and Technology & Institute of Electronic Paper Displays, South China Academy of Advanced Optoelectronics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Hou D, Lin C, Lin Y. Diurnal Circadian Lighting Accumulation Model: A Predictor of the Human Circadian Phase Shift Phenotype. PHENOMICS (CHAM, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 2:50-63. [PMID: 36939753 PMCID: PMC9590583 DOI: 10.1007/s43657-021-00039-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Revised: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Light is an important external factor that affects human circadian rhythms. This study aimed to explore the effects of different dimensions of diurnal light exposure on the physiological circadian phase shift (CPS) of the human body. A strict light exposure experiment with different timing schemes (8:00-12:00, 13:00-17:00, 18:00-22:00), durations (4 h, 8 h) and effective circadian stimulus levels (circadian stimulus: 0.35, 0.55) was performed in an enclosed laboratory. Fourteen participants, including seven males and seven females, with a mean age of 24.29 ± 2.43 (mean ± standard deviation), participated in this experiment and experienced all six lighting schemes. The results showed that both time factor (F 3,40 = 29.079, p < 0.001, the power of the sample size = 0.98) and circadian stimulus levels (T 20 = - 2.415, p = 0.025, the power of sample size = 0.76) significantly affect the CPS. On this basis, a diurnal circadian lighting accumulation (DCLA)-CPS model was proposed in the form of the Boltzmann function, and was validated by experimental data with high correlation (R 2 = 0.9320, RSS = 0.1184), which provides strong support for rationally arranging the light level at different times of the day.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dandan Hou
- grid.8547.e0000 0001 0125 2443Institute for Electric Light Sources, School of Information Science and Technology, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438 China
- grid.8547.e0000 0001 0125 2443Institute of Future Lighting, Academy for Engineering and Technology, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433 China
- grid.8547.e0000 0001 0125 2443Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201203 China
| | - Caixin Lin
- grid.8547.e0000 0001 0125 2443Institute for Electric Light Sources, School of Information Science and Technology, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438 China
| | - Yandan Lin
- grid.8547.e0000 0001 0125 2443Institute for Electric Light Sources, School of Information Science and Technology, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438 China
- grid.8547.e0000 0001 0125 2443Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201203 China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Xu X, Lian Z, Shen J, Lan L, Sun Y. Environmental factors affecting sleep quality in summer: a field study in Shanghai, China. J Therm Biol 2021; 99:102977. [PMID: 34420621 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2021.102977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Revised: 04/18/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Although the environment can greatly influence an individual's sleep quality, China is yet to conduct comprehensive research on the topic. This study investigated the bedroom environment and sleep quality of 41 households during summer in Shanghai. Bedroom environments were comprehensively evaluated through environmental perception questionnaires filled by participants after waking up every morning. Parameters, such as air temperature, relative humidity, CO2 concentration, and noise level were continuously monitored. Furthermore, participants' sleep quality was observed using both subjective questionnaires and physiological measures. Environmental measurements showed that the most comfortable air temperature and relative humidity was 24.8 °C and 64%, respectively. Physiological measurements showed that the average duration of slow wave sleep (SWS) and sleep efficiency (SE) was 73.8 min and 86.7%, respectively. Additionally, SWS was negatively correlated with air temperature (r = -0.377, p = 0.015) and CO2 concentration (r = -0.362, p = 0.02), and SE was negatively correlated with noise level (r = -0.32, p = 0.042). The subjective and objective results consistently indicated that higher air temperature, CO2 concentration, and noise level leads to poor sleep quality in summer. In addition, air temperature and CO2 concentration had a greater impact on the sleep quality of males, while noise level had a greater impact on the sleep quality of females.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xinbo Xu
- School of Design, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Zhiwei Lian
- School of Design, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China.
| | - Jingyun Shen
- School of Design, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Li Lan
- School of Design, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Yuxiang Sun
- School of Design, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Hayano J, Ueda N, Kisohara M, Yoshida Y, Yuda E. Ambient-task combined lighting to regulate autonomic and psychomotor arousal levels without compromising subjective comfort to lighting. J Physiol Anthropol 2021; 40:8. [PMID: 34372917 PMCID: PMC8353805 DOI: 10.1186/s40101-021-00258-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Although evidence of both beneficial and adverse biological effects of lighting has accumulated, biologically favorable lighting often does not match subjectively comfortable lighting. By controlling the correlated color temperature (CCT) of ambient lights, we investigated the feasibility of combined lighting that meets both biological requirements and subjective comfort. Methods Two types of combined lightings were compared; one consisted of a high-CCT (12000 K) light-emitting diode (LED) panel as the ambient light and a low-CCT (5000 K) LED stand light as the task light (high-low combined lighting), and the other consisted of a low-CCT (4500 K) LED panel as the ambient light and the same low-CCT (5000 K) stand light as the task light (low-low combined lighting) as control. Ten healthy subjects (5 young and 5 elderly) were exposed to the two types of lighting on separate days. Autonomic function by heart rate variability, psychomotor performances, and subjective comfort were compared. Results Both at sitting rest and during psychomotor workload, heart rate was higher and the parasympathetic index of heart rate variability was lower under the high-low combined lighting than the low-low combined lighting in both young and elderly subject groups. Increased psychomotor alertness in the elderly and improved sustainability of concentration work performance in both age groups were also observed under the high-low combined lighting. However, no significant difference was observed in the visual-analog-scale assessment of subjective comfort between the two types of lightings. Conclusions High-CCT ambient lighting, even when used in combination with low-CCT task lighting, could increase autonomic and psychomotor arousal levels without compromising subjective comfort. This finding suggests the feasibility of independent control of ambient and task lighting as a way to achieve both biological function regulation and subjective comfort.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Junichiro Hayano
- Department of Medical Education, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, 1 Kawasumi Mizuho-cho Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, 467-8601, Japan.
| | - Norihiro Ueda
- Department of Medical Education, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, 1 Kawasumi Mizuho-cho Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, 467-8601, Japan
| | - Masaya Kisohara
- Department of Medical Education, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, 1 Kawasumi Mizuho-cho Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, 467-8601, Japan
| | - Yutaka Yoshida
- Nagoya City University Graduate School of Design and Architecture, Nagoya, 464-0083, Japan
| | - Emi Yuda
- Center for Data-driven Science and Artificial Intelligence, Tohoku University, 41 Kawauchi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8576, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Korman M, Palm D, Uzoni A, Faltraco F, Tucha O, Thome J, Coogan AN. ADHD 24/7: Circadian clock genes, chronotherapy and sleep/wake cycle insufficiencies in ADHD. World J Biol Psychiatry 2020; 21:156-171. [PMID: 30234417 DOI: 10.1080/15622975.2018.1523565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Objectives: The current paper addresses the evidence for circadian clock characteristics associated with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and possible therapeutic approaches based on chronomodulation through bright light (BL) therapy.Methods: We review the data reported in ADHD on genetic risk factors for phase-delayed circadian rhythms and on the role of photic input in circadian re-alignment.Results: Single nucleotide polymorphisms in circadian genes were recently associated with core ADHD symptoms, increased evening-orientation and frequent sleep problems. Additionally, alterations in exposure and response to photic input may underlie circadian problems in ADHD. BL therapy was shown to be effective for re-alignment of circadian physiology toward morningness, reducing sleep disturbances and bringing overall improvement in ADHD symptoms. The susceptibility of the circadian system to phase shift by timed BL exposure may have broad cost-effective potential implications for the treatment of ADHD.Conclusions: We conclude that further research of circadian function in ADHD should focus on detection of genetic markers (e.g., using human skin fibroblasts) and development of BL-based therapeutic interventions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Korman
- The Edmond J. Safra Brain Research Center for the Study of Learning Disabilities, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
| | - Denise Palm
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | - Adriana Uzoni
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | - Frank Faltraco
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | - Oliver Tucha
- Department of Clinical and Developmental Neuropsychology, Faculty of Behavioural and Social Sciences, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Johannes Thome
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | - Andrew N Coogan
- Department of Psychology, Maynooth University, National University of Ireland, Maynooth, Ireland
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Yasukouchi A, Maeda T, Hara K, Furuune H. Non-visual effects of diurnal exposure to an artificial skylight, including nocturnal melatonin suppression. J Physiol Anthropol 2019; 38:10. [PMID: 31462321 PMCID: PMC6714349 DOI: 10.1186/s40101-019-0203-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2019] [Accepted: 08/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recently, more consideration is being given to the beneficial effects of lighting on the maintenance and promotion of the health and well-being of office occupants in built environments. A new lighting technology using Rayleigh scattering has made it possible to simulate a blue sky. However, to date, no studies have examined the possible beneficial effects of such artificial skylights. The aims of this study were to examine the non-visual effects of artificial skylights and conventional fluorescent lights in a simulated office environment and to clarify the feature effects of the artificial skylights. METHODS Participants were 10 healthy male adults. Non-visual effects were evaluated based on brain arousal levels (α-wave ratio and contingent negative variation [CNV]), autonomic nervous activity (heart rate variability [HRV]), work performance, and subjective responses during daytime exposure to either an artificial skylight or fluorescent lights, as well as nocturnal melatonin secretion. RESULTS Subjective evaluations of both room lighting-related "natural" and "attractive" items and the "connected to nature" item were significantly higher with the skylight than with the fluorescent lights. Cortical arousal levels obtained from the early component of the CNV amplitude were significantly lower with the skylight than with the fluorescent lights, whereas α-wave ratio and work performance were similar between the two light sources. The HRV evaluation showed that sympathetic nerve tone was lower and parasympathetic nerve tone was higher, both significantly, for the skylight than for the fluorescent lights during daytime. Nocturnal melatonin secretion was significantly greater before and during light exposure at night under the daytime skylight than under the fluorescent lights. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that artificial skylights have some advantages over conventional fluorescent lights in maintaining ordinary work performance during daytime with less psychological and physiological stress. The findings also suggest that the artificial skylights would enable built environments to maintain long-term comfort and productivity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Akira Yasukouchi
- Department of Human Science, Faculty of Design, Kyushu University, 4-9-1, Shiobaru, Minami-ku, Fukuoka, 815-8540, Japan.
| | - Takafumi Maeda
- Department of Human Science, Faculty of Design, Kyushu University, 4-9-1, Shiobaru, Minami-ku, Fukuoka, 815-8540, Japan
| | - Kazuyoshi Hara
- La Forêt Engineering Co., Ltd, Roppongi Annex 7F, 6-7-6, Roppongi, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 106-0032, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Furuune
- La Forêt Engineering Co., Ltd, Roppongi Annex 7F, 6-7-6, Roppongi, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 106-0032, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Katsuura T, Lee S. A review of the studies on nonvisual lighting effects in the field of physiological anthropology. J Physiol Anthropol 2019; 38:2. [PMID: 30670097 PMCID: PMC6343353 DOI: 10.1186/s40101-018-0190-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2018] [Accepted: 12/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Here, we review the history and the trends in the research on the nonvisual effect of light in the field of physiological anthropology. Research on the nonvisual effect of light in the field of physiological anthropology was pioneered by Sato and colleagues in the early 1990s. These authors found that the color temperature of light affected physiological functions in humans. The groundbreaking event with regard to the study of nonvisual effects of light was the discovery of the intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells in the mammalian retina in the early 2000s. The interest of the physiological anthropology scientific community in the nonvisual effects of light has been increasing since then. A total of 61 papers on nonvisual effects of light were published in the Journal of Physiological Anthropology (including its predecessor journals) until October 2018, 14 papers (1.4/year) in the decade from 1992 to 2001, 45 papers (2.8/year) in the 16 years between 2002 and 2017, and two papers in 2018 (January-October). The number of papers on this topic has been increasing in recent years. We categorized all papers according to light conditions, such as color temperature of light, light intensity, and monochromatic light. Among the 61 papers, 11 papers were related to color temperature, 20 papers were related to light intensity, 18 papers were related to monochromatic light, and 12 papers were classified as others. We provide an overview of these papers and mention future research prospects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tetsuo Katsuura
- Graduate School of Engineering, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba, 263-8522, Japan.
| | - Soomin Lee
- Center for Environment, Health and Sciences, Chiba University, 6-2-1 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba, 277-0882, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Kozaki T, Hidaka Y. Non-cotton swab sample collection may not affect salivary melatonin assay results. J Physiol Anthropol 2018; 37:17. [PMID: 29914553 PMCID: PMC6006933 DOI: 10.1186/s40101-018-0178-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2017] [Accepted: 06/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Salivary melatonin levels have been analyzed in many research fields, including physiological anthropology. Although various devices have been utilized for saliva collection, cotton swabs are among the most common. However, previous studies have reported that cotton swabs may interfere with melatonin assay results, whereas synthetic swabs may not. These studies compared only mean melatonin levels between passive and synthetic-polymer swab collection methods but did not evaluate relative and proportional biases. Our study examines the effects of using swabs made of materials other than cotton, such as polypropylene-polyethylene polymer, on salivary melatonin assay results using a Bland-Altman (BA) plot. The effects of the saliva collection method were analyzed using two concentrations of melatonin, lower (< 6 pg/ml) and higher (> 6 pg/ml), because the threshold of dim light melatonin onset was lower than 6 pg/ml in many studies. RESULTS Differences detected between passive and polypropylene-polyethylene polymer swab methods of saliva collection were not significant in both lower (< 6 pg/ml) and higher (> 6 pg/ml) melatonin levels detected. All correlations between the collection methods were significant, and 95% confidence intervals for differences in melatonin levels in all samples detected using passive and non-cotton swab saliva collection methods included zero in the BA plots. Averages and differences between non-cotton and passive saliva collection obtained from the BA plots were not significantly correlated at lower and higher melatonin levels. CONCLUSIONS Our findings demonstrate that swabbing methods, including the use of polypropylene-polyethylene polymer, do not affect salivary melatonin assay results. Therefore, the authors suggest that polypropylene-polyethylene polymer swab methods are appropriate for the assessment of dim light melatonin onset and dose response of the circadian system to light.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tomoaki Kozaki
- Fukuoka Women's University, 1-1-1 Kasumigaoka, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 813-8529, Japan.
| | - Yuki Hidaka
- Kyushu University, 4-9-1 Shiobaru, Minami-ku, Fukuoka, 815-8540, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Yasuo S, Iwamoto A, Lee SI, Ochiai S, Hitachi R, Shibata S, Uotsu N, Tarumizu C, Matsuoka S, Furuse M, Higuchi S. l-Serine Enhances Light-Induced Circadian Phase Resetting in Mice and Humans. J Nutr 2017; 147:2347-2355. [PMID: 29070712 DOI: 10.3945/jn.117.255380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2017] [Revised: 06/22/2017] [Accepted: 09/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The circadian clock is modulated by the timing of ingestion or food composition, but the effects of specific nutrients are poorly understood.Objective: We aimed to identify the amino acids that modulate the circadian clock and reset the light-induced circadian phase in mice and humans.Methods: Male CBA/N mice were orally administered 1 of 20 l-amino acids, and the circadian and light-induced phase shifts of wheel-running activity were analyzed. Antagonists of several neurotransmitter pathways were injected before l-serine administration, and light-induced phase shifts were analyzed. In addition, the effect of l-serine on the light-induced phase advance was investigated in healthy male students (mean ± SD age 22.2 ± 1.8 y) by using dim-light melatonin onset (DLMO) determined by saliva samples as an index of the circadian phase.Results: l-Serine administration enhanced light-induced phase shifts in mice (1.86-fold; P < 0.05). Both l-serine and its metabolite d-serine, a coagonist of N-methyl-d-aspartic acid (NMDA) receptors, exerted this effect, but d-serine concentrations in the hypothalamus did not increase after l-serine administration. The effect of l-serine was blocked by picrotoxin, an antagonist of γ-aminobutyric acid A receptors, but not by MK801, an antagonist of NMDA receptors. l-Serine administration altered the long-term expression patterns of clock genes in the suprachiasmatic nuclei. After advancing the light-dark cycle by 6 h, l-serine administration slightly accelerated re-entrainment to the shifted cycle. In humans, l-serine ingestion before bedtime induced significantly larger phase advances of DLMO after bright-light exposure during the morning (means ± SEMs-l-serine: 25.9 ± 6.6 min; placebo: 12.1 ± 7.0 min; P < 0.05).Conclusion: These results suggest that l-serine enhances light-induced phase resetting in mice and humans, and it may be useful for treating circadian disturbances.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shinobu Yasuo
- Laboratory of Regulation in Metabolism and Behavior, Faculty of Agriculture, and
| | - Ayaka Iwamoto
- Laboratory of Regulation in Metabolism and Behavior, Faculty of Agriculture, and
| | - Sang-Il Lee
- Department of Human Science, Faculty of Design, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan; and
| | - Shotaro Ochiai
- Department of Human Science, Faculty of Design, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan; and
| | - Rina Hitachi
- Laboratory of Regulation in Metabolism and Behavior, Faculty of Agriculture, and
| | - Satomi Shibata
- Laboratory of Regulation in Metabolism and Behavior, Faculty of Agriculture, and
| | - Nobuo Uotsu
- Health Science Research Center, Research Institute, FANCL Co., Yokohama, Japan
| | - Chie Tarumizu
- Health Science Research Center, Research Institute, FANCL Co., Yokohama, Japan
| | - Sayuri Matsuoka
- Health Science Research Center, Research Institute, FANCL Co., Yokohama, Japan
| | - Mitsuhiro Furuse
- Laboratory of Regulation in Metabolism and Behavior, Faculty of Agriculture, and
| | - Shigekazu Higuchi
- Department of Human Science, Faculty of Design, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan; and
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Hiratsuka T, Inomata M, Goto S, Oyama Y, Nakano T, Chen CL, Shiraishi N, Noguchi T, Kitano S. Phototherapy with artificial light suppresses dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis in a mouse model. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2014; 29:749-56. [PMID: 24236761 DOI: 10.1111/jgh.12460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/03/2013] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Medical treatment for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) requires chronic administration and causes side effects. Recently, anti-inflammatory effects of phototherapy were reported in animal models. The present study evaluated whether phototherapy improves dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis in a mouse model of IBD. METHODS Mice were divided into four equal groups: Control, DSS, DSS + light low (LL), and DSS + light high (LH) groups. Normal fluorescent light intensity in the Control and DSS groups was 200 lux. Artificial light intensities were as follows: DSS + LL group, 1000 lux; DSS + LH group, 2500 lux. After administering phototherapy for 7 days, we evaluated disease activity index (DAI), histological score, colon length/weight, serum 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D(3) level, and serum and colonic cytokines in the mice. RESULTS DAI and histological scores were significantly lower in the DSS + LL group than in the DSS group (both, P < 0.05). Colon length and weight were significantly higher in the DSS + LL group than in the DSS group (both, P < 0.05). Serum interleukin (IL)-6, TNF-α, and IL-17 in the DSS + LL group were significantly lower, and serum and colonic IL-10 were significantly higher in the DSS + LL group than in the DSS group (all, P < 0.05). Serum 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D(3) levels in the DSS + LH group were significantly increased compared with those in the DSS + LL and DSS groups. CONCLUSION Artificial light phototherapy suppressed DSS-induced colitis in mice by suppression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and promotion of anti-inflammatory cytokines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Takahiro Hiratsuka
- Department of Gastroenterological and Pediatric Surgery, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Oita, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Higuchi S, Fukuda T, Kozaki T, Takahashi M, Miura N. Effectiveness of a red-visor cap for preventing light-induced melatonin suppression during simulated night work. J Physiol Anthropol 2012; 30:251-8. [PMID: 22197958 DOI: 10.2114/jpa2.30.251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Bright light at night improves the alertness of night workers. Melatonin suppression induced by light at night is, however, reported to be a possible risk factor for breast cancer. Short-wavelength light has a strong impact on melatonin suppression. A red-visor cap can cut the short-wavelength light from the upper visual field selectively with no adverse effects on visibility. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of a red-visor cap on light-induced melatonin suppression, performance, and sleepiness at night. Eleven healthy young male adults (mean age: 21.2±0.9 yr) volunteered to participate in this study. On the first day, the subjects spent time in dim light (<15 lx) from 20:00 to 03:00 to measure baseline data of nocturnal salivary melatonin concentration. On the second day, the subjects were exposed to light for four hours from 23:00 to 03:00 with a nonvisor cap (500 lx), red-visor cap (approx. 160 lx) and blue-visor cap (approx. 160 lx). Subjective sleepiness and performance of a psychomotor vigilance task (PVT) were also measured on the second day. Compared to salivary melatonin concentration under dim light, the decrease in melatonin concentration was significant in a nonvisor cap condition but was not significant in a red-visor cap condition. The percentages of melatonin suppression in the nonvisor cap and red-visor cap conditions at 4 hours after exposure to light were 52.6±22.4% and 7.7±3.3%, respectively. The red-visor cap had no adverse effect on performance of the PVT, brightness and visual comfort, though it tended to increase subjective sleepiness. These results suggest that a red-visor cap is effective in preventing melatonin suppression with no adverse effects on vigilance performance, brightness and visibility.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shigekazu Higuchi
- Department of Human Science, Faculty of Design, Kyushu University, Japan.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|