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Stewart B, Nicholas S, Bone S, Tappero R, Eger P, Sheik C, Toner BM. A low-input strategy for chromium removal from industrial stormwater using peat sorbent. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY 2022; 51:1054-1065. [PMID: 35900088 DOI: 10.1002/jeq2.20397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Low-cost and low-input water treatment systems are important for industrial stormwater remediation. Here we examine a flow-through reactor treatment installation where water exceeds the allowable maximum concentration for drinking water in multiple metals (e.g., chromium [Cr], cadmium [Cd], zinc [Zn]) prior to treatment. Specifically, we seek to understand why Cr attenuated in the reactors is not leachable by identifying the specific chemical form of Cr and dominant mechanisms promoting sequestration in the reactors. Total solid-phase Cr concentration in the peat media ranged from 50 to 150 mg/kg after 1 yr of exposure to stormwater to 300 to 900 mg/kg after 3.5 yr. X-ray fluorescence mapping images show Cr, iron (Fe), and Zn spatially correlated over a scale of 10 μm to 5 mm. Chromium rinds form on the edges of peat particles as Cr accumulates. Chromium and Fe K-edge X-ray absorption near edge structure spectroscopy reveal chromium predominately in the 3+ oxidation state with lesser amounts of elemental Cr. We propose the primary means of chromium attenuation in the reactors is precipitation as Cr-Fe hydroxides combined with trivalent Cr adsorption onto peat surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brandy Stewart
- Dep. of Soil, Water, and Climate, Univ. of Minnesota - Twin Cities, St. Paul, MN, 55108, USA
| | - Sarah Nicholas
- National Synchrotron Light Source II, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, USA
| | - Sharon Bone
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, Menlo Park, CA, USA
| | - Ryan Tappero
- National Synchrotron Light Source II, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, USA
| | - Paul Eger
- Global Minerals Engineering, Hibbing, MN, USA
| | - Cody Sheik
- Biology Dep. and Large Lakes Observatory, Univ. of Minnesota, Duluth, MN, USA
| | - Brandy M Toner
- Dep. of Soil, Water, and Climate, Univ. of Minnesota - Twin Cities, St. Paul, MN, 55108, USA
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Li D, Li G, He Y, Zhao Y, Miao Q, Zhang H, Yuan Y, Zhang D. Key Cr species controlling Cr stability in contaminated soils before and chemical stabilization at a remediation engineering site. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 424:127532. [PMID: 34879522 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.127532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Revised: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Linking chromium (Cr) speciation with its stability in soils is vital because insoluble Cr(VI) and chemically adsorbed Cr(VI) could hinder the remediation efficiency and release Cr(VI) for a prolonged period of time. In this study, we investigated key Cr species to probe the mechanisms controlling the release of insoluble Cr(VI) at Cr-contaminated sites using synchrotron-based X-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES) for the first time. Chromite, stichtite and Cr-silicate were predominant forms of Cr(III). Insoluble Cr(VI) was hosted by layered double hydroxides (LDHs) such as brownmilerite and hydrotalcite. Anion competition tests documented a substitution of absorbed Cr(VI) by SO42- and NO3-. Acid extraction released 6.7-25.7% more Cr(VI) than anion extraction, possibly attributing to the erosion of LDH and CaCrO4 in calcite rather than Cr-bearing minerals. Brown and red soils released maximally 62% and 44% of total Cr(VI) by 10 mol/(kg soil) and 2 mol/(kg soil) of H+, respectively. SO42-, H2O and H+ contributed to more release of total Cr(VI) in brown soils (22%, 33% and 7%) than red soils (25%, 17% and 2%). More crystalline Cr structures were found after chemical stabilization, indicating a higher Cr stability in chemically stabilized soils. Cr and Mn exhibited an overlapped distribution pattern in both contaminated and chemically stabilized soils, hinting at the re-oxidation of Cr(III). Insoluble Cr(VI) could be released by acidic rainfalls and soil organic matters, posing potential threats to Cr long-term stability in field-scale remediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danni Li
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China; National Engineering Laboratory for Site Remediation Technologies, Beijing 100015, PR China
| | - Guanghe Li
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China; National Engineering Laboratory for Site Remediation Technologies, Beijing 100015, PR China
| | - Yuning He
- Research Institute for Environmental Innovation (Tsinghua-Suzhou), Suzhou 215163, PR China
| | - Yingshuang Zhao
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China
| | - Qiuci Miao
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China
| | - Hao Zhang
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China
| | - Ying Yuan
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China
| | - Dayi Zhang
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China; Research Institute for Environmental Innovation (Tsinghua-Suzhou), Suzhou 215163, PR China; National Engineering Laboratory for Site Remediation Technologies, Beijing 100015, PR China.
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Lara P, Morett E, Juárez K. Acetate biostimulation as an effective treatment for cleaning up alkaline soil highly contaminated with Cr(VI). ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 24:25513-25521. [PMID: 27525740 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-016-7191-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2016] [Accepted: 07/05/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Stimulation of microbial reduction of Cr(VI) to the less toxic and less soluble Cr(III) through electron donor addition has been regarded as a promising approach for the remediation of chromium-contaminated soil and groundwater sites. However, each site presents different challenges; local physicochemical characteristics and indigenous microbial communities influence the effectiveness of the biostimulation processes. Here, we show microcosm assays stimulation of microbial reduction of Cr(VI) in highly alkaline and saline soil samples from a long-term contaminated site in Guanajuato, Mexico. Acetate was effective promoting anaerobic microbial reduction of 15 mM of Cr(VI) in 25 days accompanied by an increase in pH from 9 to 10. Our analyses showed the presence of Halomonas, Herbaspirillum, Nesterenkonia/Arthrobacter, and Bacillus species in the soil sample collected. Moreover, from biostimulated soil samples, it was possible to isolate Halomonas spp. strains able to grow at 32 mM of Cr(VI). Additionally, we found that polluted groundwater has bacterial species different to those found in soil samples with the ability to resist and reduce chromate using acetate and yeast extract as electron donors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paloma Lara
- Departamento de Ingeniería Celular y Biocatálisis, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. Universidad 2001. Col. Chamilpa, 62210, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Enrique Morett
- Departamento de Ingeniería Celular y Biocatálisis, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. Universidad 2001. Col. Chamilpa, 62210, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
- Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica, Periférico Sur No. 4809, Col. Arenal Tepepan, Delegación Tlalpan, 14610, México, Distrito Federal, Mexico
| | - Katy Juárez
- Departamento de Ingeniería Celular y Biocatálisis, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. Universidad 2001. Col. Chamilpa, 62210, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico.
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Pradhan D, Sukla LB, Sawyer M, Rahman PK. Recent bioreduction of hexavalent chromium in wastewater treatment: A review. J IND ENG CHEM 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2017.06.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 190] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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Varadharajan C, Beller HR, Bill M, Brodie EL, Conrad ME, Han R, Irwin C, Larsen JT, Lim HC, Molins S, Steefel CI, van Hise A, Yang L, Nico PS. Reoxidation of Chromium(III) Products Formed under Different Biogeochemical Regimes. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2017; 51:4918-4927. [PMID: 28365989 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.6b06044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Hexavalent chromium, Cr(VI), is a widespread and toxic groundwater contaminant. Reductive immobilization to Cr(III) is a treatment option, but its success depends on the long-term potential for reduced chromium precipitates to remain immobilized under oxidizing conditions. In this unique long-term study, aquifer sediments subjected to reductive Cr(VI) immobilization under different biogeochemical regimes were tested for their susceptibility to reoxidation. After reductive treatment for 1 year, sediments were exposed to oxygenated conditions for another 2 years in flow-through, laboratory columns. Under oxidizing conditions, immobilized chromium reduced under predominantly denitrifying conditions was mobilized at low concentrations (≪1 μM Cr(VI); ∼ 3% of Cr(III) deposited) that declined over time. A conceptual model of a limited pool of more soluble Cr(III), and a larger pool of relatively insoluble Cr(III), is proposed. In contrast, almost no chromium was mobilized from columns reduced under predominantly fermentative conditions, and where reducing conditions persisted for several months after introduction of oxidizing conditions, presumably due to the presence of a reservoir of reduced species generated during reductive treatment. The results from this 3-year study demonstrate that biogeochemical conditions present during reductive treatment, and the potential for buildup of reducing species, will impact the long-term sustainability of the remediation effort.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charuleka Varadharajan
- Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory , One Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Harry R Beller
- Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory , One Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Markus Bill
- Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory , One Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Eoin L Brodie
- Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory , One Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Mark E Conrad
- Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory , One Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Ruyang Han
- Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory , One Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Courtney Irwin
- Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory , One Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Joern T Larsen
- Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory , One Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Hsiao-Chien Lim
- Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory , One Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Sergi Molins
- Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory , One Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Carl I Steefel
- Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory , One Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - April van Hise
- Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory , One Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Li Yang
- Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory , One Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Peter S Nico
- Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory , One Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
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Shi J, Chen H, Arocena JM, Whitcombe T, Thring RW, Memiaghe JN. Elemental sulfur amendment decreases bio-available Cr-VI in soils impacted by leather tanneries. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2016; 212:57-64. [PMID: 26840517 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2016.01.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2015] [Revised: 12/01/2015] [Accepted: 01/18/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the potential use of elemental S (S(0)) to convert Cr-VI to Cr-III which should decrease the bio-availability hence, toxicity of Cr-VI in soils. The bio-available fraction of Cr in soil was measured by phosphate buffer extraction (PBE) and the results showed that the fraction is about 10% of the total Cr-VI and varied from 12.8 to 42.5 mg kg(-1). The addition of 4.0 mg g(-1) S(0) decreased PBE Cr-VI to <0.4 mg kg(-1) limit established for Cr-VI toxicity in soils. Synchrotron-based X-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES), X-ray fluorescence (XRF) and micro-XRD revealed that Cr-III was the dominant species (99% of total Cr) and Cr was retained by hematite and goethite in soil. Fe-containing minerals may have provided sufficient protection to render the dominant Cr-III species biochemically inert to redox processes in soils. It is concluded that S(0)amendment is a promising approach to remediate Cr-VI contaminated soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Shi
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province 325035, China; Environmental Science and Engineering Programs, University of Northern British Columbia, Prince George, BC V2N 4Z9, Canada.
| | - Hualin Chen
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province 325035, China.
| | - Joselito M Arocena
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province 325035, China; Environmental Science and Engineering Programs, University of Northern British Columbia, Prince George, BC V2N 4Z9, Canada.
| | - Todd Whitcombe
- Environmental Science and Engineering Programs, University of Northern British Columbia, Prince George, BC V2N 4Z9, Canada.
| | - Ronald W Thring
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province 325035, China; Environmental Science and Engineering Programs, University of Northern British Columbia, Prince George, BC V2N 4Z9, Canada.
| | - Jeff Nze Memiaghe
- Environmental Science and Engineering Programs, University of Northern British Columbia, Prince George, BC V2N 4Z9, Canada.
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Pinakidou F, Kaprara E, Katsikini M, Paloura EC, Simeonidis K, Mitrakas M. Sn(II) oxy-hydroxides as potential adsorbents for Cr(VI)-uptake from drinking water: An X-ray absorption study. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2016; 551-552:246-253. [PMID: 26878637 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.01.208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2015] [Revised: 01/29/2016] [Accepted: 01/30/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The feasibility of implementing a Sn(II) oxy-hydroxide (Sn6O4(OH)4) for the reduction and adsorption of Cr(VI) in drinking water treatment was investigated using XAFS spectroscopies at the Cr-K-edge. The analysis of the Cr-K-edge XANES and EXAFS spectra verified the effective use of Sn6O4(OH)4 for successful Cr(VI) removal. Adsorption isotherms, as well as dynamic Rapid Small Scale Test (RSSCT) in NSF water matrix showed that Sn6O4(OH)4 can decrease Cr(VI) concentration below the upcoming regulation limit of 10μg/L for drinking water. Moreover, an uptake capacity of 7.2μg/mg at breakthrough concentration of 10μg/L was estimated from the RSSCT, while the residual Cr(VI) concentration ranged at sub-ppb level for a significant period of the experiment. Furthermore, no evidence for the formation of Cr(OH)3 precipitates was found. On the contrary, Cr(III)-oxyanions were chemisorbed onto SnO2, which was formed after Sn(II)-oxidation during Cr(VI)-reduction. Nevertheless, changes in the type of Cr(III)-inner sphere complexes were observed after increasing surface coverage: Cr(III)-oxyanions preferentially sorb in a geometry which combines both bidentate binuclear ((2)C) and monodentate ((1)V) geometries, at the expense of the present bidentate mononuclear ((2)E) contributions. On the other hand, the pH during sorption does not affect the adsorption mechanism of Cr(III)-species. The implementation of Sn6O4(OH)4 in water treatment technology combines the advantage of rapidly reducing a large amount of Cr(VI) due to donation of two electrons by Sn(II) and also the strong chemisorption of Cr(III) in a combination of the (2)C and (1)V configurations, which enhances the safe disposal of spent adsorbents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fani Pinakidou
- Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, School of Chemical Engineering, Analytical Chemistry Laboratory, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Efthimia Kaprara
- Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, School of Chemical Engineering, Analytical Chemistry Laboratory, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Maria Katsikini
- Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, School of Physics, Department of Solid State Physics, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Eleni C Paloura
- Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, School of Physics, Department of Solid State Physics, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Simeonidis
- Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, School of Physics, Department of Solid State Physics, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Manassis Mitrakas
- Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, School of Chemical Engineering, Analytical Chemistry Laboratory, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece.
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