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Razmkhah F, Kim S, Lim S, Dania AJ, Choi J. S100A8 and S100A9 in Hematologic Malignancies: From Development to Therapy. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13382. [PMID: 37686186 PMCID: PMC10488294 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241713382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
S100A8 and S100A9 are multifunctional proteins that can initiate various signaling pathways and modulate cell function both inside and outside immune cells, depending on their receptors, mediators, and molecular environment. They have been reported as dysregulated genes and proteins in a wide range of cancers, including hematologic malignancies, from diagnosis to response to therapy. The role of S100A8 and S100A9 in hematologic malignancies is highlighted due to their ability to work together or as antagonists to modify cell phenotype, including viability, differentiation, chemosensitivity, trafficking, and transcription strategies, which can lead to an oncogenic phase or reduced symptoms. In this review article, we discuss the critical roles of S100A8, S100A9, and calprotectin (heterodimer or heterotetramer forms of S100A8 and S100A9) in forming and promoting the malignant bone marrow microenvironment. We also focus on their potential roles as biomarkers and therapeutic targets in various stages of hematologic malignancies from diagnosis to treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Jaebok Choi
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; (F.R.); (S.K.); (S.L.); (A.-J.D.)
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2
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Chen Y, Ouyang Y, Li Z, Wang X, Ma J. S100A8 and S100A9 in Cancer. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2023; 1878:188891. [PMID: 37001615 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2023.188891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2022] [Revised: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
Abstract
S100A8 and S100A9 are Ca2+ binding proteins that belong to the S100 family. Primarily expressed in neutrophils and monocytes, S100A8 and S100A9 play critical roles in modulating various inflammatory responses and inflammation-associated diseases. Forming a common heterodimer structure S100A8/A9, S100A8 and S100A9 are widely reported to participate in multiple signaling pathways in tumor cells. Meanwhile, S100A8/A9, S100A8, and S100A9, mainly as promoters, contribute to tumor development, growth and metastasis by interfering with tumor metabolism and the microenvironment. In recent years, the potential of S100A8/A9, S100A9, and S100A8 as tumor diagnostic or prognostic biomarkers has also been demonstrated. In addition, an increasing number of potential therapies targeting S100A8/A9 and related signaling pathways have emerged. In this review, we will first expound on the characteristics of S100A8/A9, S100A9, and S100A8 in-depth, focus on their interactions with tumor cells and microenvironments, and then discuss their clinical applications as biomarkers and therapeutic targets. We also highlight current limitations and look into the future of S100A8/A9 targeted anti-cancer therapy.
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3
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Li C, Xiao J, Wu S, Liu L, Zeng X, Zhao Q, Zhang Z. Clinical application of serum-based proteomics technology in human tumor research. Anal Biochem 2023; 663:115031. [PMID: 36580994 DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2022.115031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The rapid development of proteomics technology in the past decades has led to further human understanding of tumor research, and in some ways, the technology plays a very important supporting role in the early detection of tumors. Human serum has been shown to contain a variety of proteins closely related to life activities, and the dynamic change in proteins can often reflect the physiological and pathological conditions of the body. Serum has the advantage of easy extraction, so the application of proteomics technology in serum has become a hot spot and frontier area for the study of malignant tumors. However, there are still many difficulties in the standardized use of proteomic technologies, which inevitably limit the clinical application of proteomic technologies due to the heterogeneity of human proteins leading to incomplete whole proteome populations, in addition to most serum protein markers being now not highly specific in aiding the early detection of tumors. Nevertheless, further development of proteomics technologies will greatly increase our understanding of tumor biology and help discover more new tumor biomarkers with specificity that will enable medical technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Li
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hunan, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan Province, China
| | - Juan Xiao
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hunan, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan Province, China
| | - Shihua Wu
- Department of Pathology, The Second Hospital of Shaoyang College, Hunan, Shaoyang, 422000, Hunan Province, China
| | - Lu Liu
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hunan, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan Province, China
| | - Xuemei Zeng
- Cancer Research Institute of Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Key Laboratory of Cancer Cellular and Molecular Pathology in Hunan Province, Hunan, Hengyang, 421001, China
| | - Qiang Zhao
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hunan, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan Province, China.
| | - Zhiwei Zhang
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hunan, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan Province, China; Cancer Research Institute of Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Key Laboratory of Cancer Cellular and Molecular Pathology in Hunan Province, Hunan, Hengyang, 421001, China.
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4
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Yu R, Cheng L, Yang S, Liu Y, Zhu Z. iTRAQ-Based Proteomic Analysis Reveals Potential Serum Biomarkers for Pediatric Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma. Front Oncol 2022; 12:848286. [PMID: 35371990 PMCID: PMC8970600 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.848286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma (NHL) is the third most common malignant tumor among children. However, at initial NHL diagnosis, most cases are at an advanced stage because of nonspecific clinical manifestations and currently limited diagnostic methods. This study aimed to screen and verify potential serum biomarkers of pediatric NHL using isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantification (iTRAQ)-based proteomic analysis. Serum protein expression profiles from children with B-NHL (n=20) and T-NHL (n=20) and healthy controls (n=20) were detected by utilizing iTRAQ in combination with two-dimensional liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (2D LC–MS/MS) and analyzed by applying Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA). The candidate biomarkers S100A8 and LRG1 were further validated by using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis based on ELISA data was used to evaluate diagnostic efficacy. In total, 534 proteins were identified twice using iTRAQ combined with 2D LC–MS/MS. Further analysis identified 79 and 73 differentially expressed proteins in B-NHL and T-NHL serum, respectively, compared with control serum according to our defined criteria; 34 proteins were overexpressed and 45 proteins underexpressed in B-NHL, whereas 45 proteins were overexpressed and 28 proteins underexpressed in T-NHL (p < 0.05). IPA demonstrated a variety of signaling pathways, including acute phase response signaling and liver X receptor/retinoid X receptor (LXR/RXR) activation, to be strongly associated with pediatric NHL. S100A8 and LRG1 were elevated in NHL patients compared to normal controls according to ELISA (p < 0.05), which was consistent with iTRAQ results. The areas under the ROC curves of S100A8, LRG1, and the combination of S100A8 and LRG1 were 0.873, 0.898 and 0.970, respectively. Our findings indicate that analysis of the serum proteome using iTRAQ combined with 2D LC–MS/MS is a feasible approach for biomarker discovery. Serum S100A8 and LRG1 are promising candidate biomarkers for pediatric NHL, and these differential proteins illustrate a novel pathogenesis and may be clinically helpful for NHL diagnosis in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Runhong Yu
- Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Institute of Hematology of Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China.,Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Henan Key laboratory of Stem Cell Differentiation and Modification, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Linna Cheng
- Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Institute of Hematology of Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China.,Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Henan Key laboratory of Stem Cell Differentiation and Modification, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Shiwei Yang
- Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Institute of Hematology of Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China.,Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Henan Key laboratory of Stem Cell Differentiation and Modification, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yufeng Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zunmin Zhu
- Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Institute of Hematology of Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China.,Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Henan Key laboratory of Stem Cell Differentiation and Modification, Zhengzhou, China.,Department of Hematology, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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5
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Zou Y, Xu Y, Chen X, Wu Y, Fu L, Lv Y. Research Progress on Leucine-Rich Alpha-2 Glycoprotein 1: A Review. Front Pharmacol 2022; 12:809225. [PMID: 35095520 PMCID: PMC8797156 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.809225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Leucine-rich alpha⁃2 glycoprotein 1 (LRG1) is an important member of the leucine-rich repetitive sequence protein family. LRG1 was mainly involved in normal physiological activities of the nervous system, such as synapse formation, synapse growth, the development of nerve processes, neurotransmitter transfer and release, and cell adhesion molecules or ligand-binding proteins. Also, LRG1 affected the development of respiratory diseases, hematological diseases, endocrine diseases, tumor diseases, eye diseases, cardiovascular diseases, rheumatic immune diseases, infectious diseases, etc. LRG1 was a newly discovered important upstream signaling molecule of transforming growth factor⁃β (TGF⁃β) that affected various pathological processes through the TGF⁃β signaling pathway. However, research on LRG1 and its involvement in the occurrence and development of diseases was still in its infancy and the current studies were mainly focused on proteomic detection and basic animal experimental reports. We could reasonably predict that LRG1 might act as a new direction and strategy for the treatment of many diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonghui Zou
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China.,School of Clinical Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Yi Xu
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China.,School of Clinical Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Xiaofeng Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China.,School of Clinical Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Yaoqi Wu
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China.,College of Pharmacy, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Longsheng Fu
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Yanni Lv
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
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6
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Camilli C, Hoeh AE, De Rossi G, Moss SE, Greenwood J. LRG1: an emerging player in disease pathogenesis. J Biomed Sci 2022; 29:6. [PMID: 35062948 PMCID: PMC8781713 DOI: 10.1186/s12929-022-00790-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The secreted glycoprotein leucine-rich α-2 glycoprotein 1 (LRG1) was first described as a key player in pathogenic ocular neovascularization almost a decade ago. Since then, an increasing number of publications have reported the involvement of LRG1 in multiple human conditions including cancer, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, neurological disease, and inflammatory disorders. The purpose of this review is to provide, for the first time, a comprehensive overview of the LRG1 literature considering its role in health and disease. Although LRG1 is constitutively expressed by hepatocytes and neutrophils, Lrg1-/- mice show no overt phenotypic abnormality suggesting that LRG1 is essentially redundant in development and homeostasis. However, emerging data are challenging this view by suggesting a novel role for LRG1 in innate immunity and preservation of tissue integrity. While our understanding of beneficial LRG1 functions in physiology remains limited, a consistent body of evidence shows that, in response to various inflammatory stimuli, LRG1 expression is induced and directly contributes to disease pathogenesis. Its potential role as a biomarker for the diagnosis, prognosis and monitoring of multiple conditions is widely discussed while dissecting the mechanisms underlying LRG1 pathogenic functions. Emphasis is given to the role that LRG1 plays as a vasculopathic factor where it disrupts the cellular interactions normally required for the formation and maintenance of mature vessels, thereby indirectly contributing to the establishment of a highly hypoxic and immunosuppressive microenvironment. In addition, LRG1 has also been reported to affect other cell types (including epithelial, immune, mesenchymal and cancer cells) mostly by modulating the TGFβ signalling pathway in a context-dependent manner. Crucially, animal studies have shown that LRG1 inhibition, through gene deletion or a function-blocking antibody, is sufficient to attenuate disease progression. In view of this, and taking into consideration its role as an upstream modifier of TGFβ signalling, LRG1 is suggested as a potentially important therapeutic target. While further investigations are needed to fill gaps in our current understanding of LRG1 function, the studies reviewed here confirm LRG1 as a pleiotropic and pathogenic signalling molecule providing a strong rationale for its use in the clinic as a biomarker and therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlotta Camilli
- Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London, UK.
| | - Alexandra E Hoeh
- Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Giulia De Rossi
- Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Stephen E Moss
- Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London, UK
| | - John Greenwood
- Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London, UK
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7
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Dunphy K, O’Mahoney K, Dowling P, O’Gorman P, Bazou D. Clinical Proteomics of Biofluids in Haematological Malignancies. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22158021. [PMID: 34360786 PMCID: PMC8348619 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22158021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Revised: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Since the emergence of high-throughput proteomic techniques and advances in clinical technologies, there has been a steady rise in the number of cancer-associated diagnostic, prognostic, and predictive biomarkers being identified and translated into clinical use. The characterisation of biofluids has become a core objective for many proteomic researchers in order to detect disease-associated protein biomarkers in a minimally invasive manner. The proteomes of biofluids, including serum, saliva, cerebrospinal fluid, and urine, are highly dynamic with protein abundance fluctuating depending on the physiological and/or pathophysiological context. Improvements in mass-spectrometric technologies have facilitated the in-depth characterisation of biofluid proteomes which are now considered hosts of a wide array of clinically relevant biomarkers. Promising efforts are being made in the field of biomarker diagnostics for haematologic malignancies. Several serum and urine-based biomarkers such as free light chains, β-microglobulin, and lactate dehydrogenase are quantified as part of the clinical assessment of haematological malignancies. However, novel, minimally invasive proteomic markers are required to aid diagnosis and prognosis and to monitor therapeutic response and minimal residual disease. This review focuses on biofluids as a promising source of proteomic biomarkers in haematologic malignancies and a key component of future diagnostic, prognostic, and disease-monitoring applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katie Dunphy
- Department of Biology, National University of Ireland, W23 F2K8 Maynooth, Ireland; (K.D.); (P.D.)
| | - Kelly O’Mahoney
- Department of Haematology, Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, D07 WKW8 Dublin, Ireland; (K.O.); (P.O.)
| | - Paul Dowling
- Department of Biology, National University of Ireland, W23 F2K8 Maynooth, Ireland; (K.D.); (P.D.)
| | - Peter O’Gorman
- Department of Haematology, Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, D07 WKW8 Dublin, Ireland; (K.O.); (P.O.)
| | - Despina Bazou
- Department of Haematology, Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, D07 WKW8 Dublin, Ireland; (K.O.); (P.O.)
- Correspondence:
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Lamarche J, Ronga L, Szpunar J, Lobinski R. Characterization and Quantification of Selenoprotein P: Challenges to Mass Spectrometry. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22126283. [PMID: 34208081 PMCID: PMC8230778 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22126283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Revised: 06/05/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Selenoprotein P (SELENOP) is an emerging marker of the nutritional status of selenium and of various diseases, however, its chemical characteristics still need to be investigated and methods for its accurate quantitation improved. SELENOP is unique among selenoproteins, as it contains multiple genetically encoded SeCys residues, whereas all the other characterized selenoproteins contain just one. SELENOP occurs in the form of multiple isoforms, truncated species and post-translationally modified variants which are relatively poorly characterized. The accurate quantification of SELENOP is contingent on the availability of specific primary standards and reference methods. Before recombinant SELENOP becomes available to be used as a primary standard, careful investigation of the characteristics of the SELENOP measured by electrospray MS and strict control of the recoveries at the various steps of the analytical procedures are strongly recommended. This review critically discusses the state-of-the-art of analytical approaches to the characterization and quantification of SELENOP. While immunoassays remain the standard for the determination of human and animal health status, because of their speed and simplicity, mass spectrometry techniques offer many attractive and complementary features that are highlighted and critically evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jérémy Lamarche
- IPREM UMR5254, E2S UPPA, Institut des Sciences Analytiques et de Physico-Chimie Pour l’Environnement et les Matériaux, CNRS, Université de Pau et des Pays de l’Adour, Hélioparc, 64053 Pau, France; (L.R.); (J.S.); (R.L.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Luisa Ronga
- IPREM UMR5254, E2S UPPA, Institut des Sciences Analytiques et de Physico-Chimie Pour l’Environnement et les Matériaux, CNRS, Université de Pau et des Pays de l’Adour, Hélioparc, 64053 Pau, France; (L.R.); (J.S.); (R.L.)
| | - Joanna Szpunar
- IPREM UMR5254, E2S UPPA, Institut des Sciences Analytiques et de Physico-Chimie Pour l’Environnement et les Matériaux, CNRS, Université de Pau et des Pays de l’Adour, Hélioparc, 64053 Pau, France; (L.R.); (J.S.); (R.L.)
| | - Ryszard Lobinski
- IPREM UMR5254, E2S UPPA, Institut des Sciences Analytiques et de Physico-Chimie Pour l’Environnement et les Matériaux, CNRS, Université de Pau et des Pays de l’Adour, Hélioparc, 64053 Pau, France; (L.R.); (J.S.); (R.L.)
- World-Class Research Center “Digital Biodesign and Personalized Healthcare”, IM Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119435 Moscow, Russia
- Chair of Analytical Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego 3, 00-664 Warsaw, Poland
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Broto GE, Corrêa S, Trigo FC, Dos Santos EC, Tomiotto-Pelissier F, Pavanelli WR, Silveira GF, Abdelhay E, Panis C. Comparative Analysis of Systemic and Tumor Microenvironment Proteomes From Children With B-Cell Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia at Diagnosis and After Induction Treatment. Front Oncol 2021; 10:550213. [PMID: 33381445 PMCID: PMC7769010 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.550213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Accepted: 11/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Among the childhood diseases, B-cell acute lymphocytic leukemia (B-ALL) is the most frequent type of cancer. Despite recent advances concerning disease treatment, cytotoxic chemotherapy remains the first line of treatment in several countries, and the modifications induced by such drugs in the organism are still poorly understood. In this context, the present study provided a comparative high-throughput proteomic analysis of the cumulative changes induced by chemotherapeutic drugs used in the induction phase of B-ALL treatment in both peripheral blood (PB) and bone marrow compartment (BM) samples. To reach this goal, PB and BM plasma samples were comparatively analyzed by using label-free proteomics at two endpoints: at diagnosis (D0) and the end of the cumulative induction phase treatment (D28). Proteomic data was available via ProteomeXchange with identifier PXD021584. The resulting differentially expressed proteins were explored by bioinformatics approaches aiming to identify the main gene ontology processes, pathways, and transcription factors altered by chemotherapy, as well as to understand B-ALL biology in each compartment at D0. At D0, PB was characterized as a pro-inflammatory environment, with the involvement of several downregulated coagulation proteins as KNG, plasmin, and plasminogen. D28 was characterized predominantly by immune response-related processes and the super expression of the transcription factor IRF3 and transthyretin. RUNX1 was pointed out as a common transcription factor found in both D0 and D28. We chose to validate the proteins transthyretin and interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) by commercial kits and expressed the results as PB/BM ratios. Transthyretin ratio was augmented after induction chemotherapy, while IFN-γ was reduced at the end of the treatment. Considering that most of these proteins were not yet described in B-ALL literature, these findings added to understanding disease biology at diagnosis and highlighted a possible role for transthyretin and IFN-γ as mechanisms related to disease resolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geise Ellen Broto
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Patologia Clínica e Laboratorial, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, Brazil.,Laboratório de Biologia de Tumores, Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná, UNIOESTE, Francisco Beltrão, Brazil
| | - Stephany Corrêa
- Laboratório de Células-Tronco, Centro de Transplante de Medula Óssea (CEMO), Instituto Nacional de Câncer, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Everton Cruz Dos Santos
- Laboratório de Células-Tronco, Centro de Transplante de Medula Óssea (CEMO), Instituto Nacional de Câncer, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Wander Rogério Pavanelli
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Patologia Experimental Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, Brazil
| | | | - Eliana Abdelhay
- Laboratório de Células-Tronco, Centro de Transplante de Medula Óssea (CEMO), Instituto Nacional de Câncer, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Carolina Panis
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Patologia Clínica e Laboratorial, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, Brazil.,Laboratório de Biologia de Tumores, Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná, UNIOESTE, Francisco Beltrão, Brazil.,Programa de Pós-graduação em Patologia Experimental Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, Brazil.,Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Aplicadas à Saúde, Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná, UNIOESTE, Francisco Beltrão, Brazil
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