1
|
Patil D, Raut S, Joshi M, Bhatt P, Bhatt LK. PAQR4 oncogene: a novel target for cancer therapy. Med Oncol 2024; 41:161. [PMID: 38767705 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-024-02382-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
Despite decades of basic and clinical research and trials of promising new therapies, cancer remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality due to the emergence of drug resistance to anticancer drugs. These resistance events have a very well-understood underlying mechanism, and their therapeutic relevance has long been recognized. Thus, drug resistance continues to be a major obstacle to providing cancer patients with the intended "cure". PAQR4 (Progestin and AdipoQ Receptor Family Member 4) gene is a recently identified novel protein-coding gene associated with various human cancers and acts through different signaling pathways. PAQR4 has a significant influence on multiple proteins that may regulate various gene expressions and may develop chemoresistance. This review discusses the roles of PAQR4 in tumor immunity, carcinogenesis, and chemoresistance. This paper is the first review, discussing PAQR4 in the pathogenesis of cancer. The review further explores the PAQR4 as a potential target in various malignancies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dipti Patil
- Department of Pharmacology, SVKM's Dr. Bhanuben Nanavati College of Pharmacy, Vile Parle (West), Mumbai, 400056, India
| | - Swapnil Raut
- Department of Pharmacology, SVKM's Dr. Bhanuben Nanavati College of Pharmacy, Vile Parle (West), Mumbai, 400056, India
| | - Mitesh Joshi
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sunandan Divatia School of Science, SVKM's NMIMS (Deemed-to-be University), Vile Parle (West), Mumbai, India
| | - Purvi Bhatt
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sunandan Divatia School of Science, SVKM's NMIMS (Deemed-to-be University), Vile Parle (West), Mumbai, India
| | - Lokesh Kumar Bhatt
- Department of Pharmacology, SVKM's Dr. Bhanuben Nanavati College of Pharmacy, Vile Parle (West), Mumbai, 400056, India.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Zhang W, Zhang L, Dong Q, Wang X, Li Z, Wang Q. Hsa_circ_0003928 regulates the progression of diabetic nephropathy through miR-136-5p/PAQR3 axis. J Endocrinol Invest 2023; 46:2103-2114. [PMID: 37017919 DOI: 10.1007/s40618-023-02061-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is one of the complications of diabetes and has a high mortality, but its specific pathogenesis is not clear. In recent years, researches on the mechanism of circRNAs in DN have been proved a lot, whereas the functional mechanism of circ_0003928 in DN remains open and it must be investigated to value its important role in DN prevention. METHODS HK-2 cells were treated with high glucose (HG), normal glucose (NG) or Mannitol. Cell counting kit-8 (CCK8) and 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine (EdU) assays were performed to detect cell proliferation. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was applied to analyze malondialdehyde (MDA) and superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD) levels. Flow cytometry and western blot were preformed to measure cell apoptosis. Real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) was used to test the levels of circ_0003928, miR-136-5p and progestin and adipoQ receptor family member 3 (PAQR3) mRNA. Western blot was executed to detect Bcl2 associated X (Bax), B cell leukemia/lymphoma 2 (Bcl2), smooth muscle (αSMA), apolipoprotein (C-IV) and PAQR3 levels. Luciferase reporter assay and RNA pull-down assay were used to analyze the target relationship between miR-136-5p and circ_0003928 or PAQR3. RESULTS Circ_0003928 and PAQR3 expression were up-regulated, whereas miR-136-5p was decreased in DN serum and HG-induced HK-2 cells. Circ_0003928 knockdown promoted cell proliferation, and inhibit cell apoptosis, oxidative stress, and fibrosis in HK-2 cells under HG condition. MiR-136-5p silencing overturned the protective effects of si-circ_0003928 on HG-induced HK-2 cells. MiR-136-5p was targeted by circ_0003928 and directly targeted PAQR3. Overexpression of PAQR3 counteracted the inhibitory functions of circ_0003928 knockdown or miR-136-5p overexpression on HG-induced HK-2 cell injury. CONCLUSION Circ_0003928 acted as a sponge of miR-136-5p to up-regulating PAQR3 expression, and then regulate the proliferation, oxidative stress, fibrosis and apoptosis in HG-induced HK-2 cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- W Zhang
- Kidney Disease and Dialysis Center, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, No. 256 Youyi West Road, Beilin District, Xi'an, 710068, Shaanxi, China
| | - L Zhang
- Kidney Disease and Dialysis Center, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, No. 256 Youyi West Road, Beilin District, Xi'an, 710068, Shaanxi, China
| | - Q Dong
- Kidney Disease and Dialysis Center, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, No. 256 Youyi West Road, Beilin District, Xi'an, 710068, Shaanxi, China
| | - X Wang
- Kidney Disease and Dialysis Center, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, No. 256 Youyi West Road, Beilin District, Xi'an, 710068, Shaanxi, China
| | - Z Li
- Kidney Disease and Dialysis Center, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, No. 256 Youyi West Road, Beilin District, Xi'an, 710068, Shaanxi, China
| | - Q Wang
- Kidney Disease and Dialysis Center, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, No. 256 Youyi West Road, Beilin District, Xi'an, 710068, Shaanxi, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Guo Q, Liu XL, Zhai K, Chen C, Ke XX, Zhang J, Xu G. The Emerging Roles and Mechanisms of PAQR3 in Human Cancer: Pathophysiology and Therapeutic Implications. Int J Gen Med 2023; 16:4321-4328. [PMID: 37767187 PMCID: PMC10521929 DOI: 10.2147/ijgm.s422523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer was one of the common causes of death in the world, and it was increasing year by year. At present, Progestin and AdipoQ receptor family member 3 (PAQR3) was widely studied in cancer. It has been found that PAQR3 was down regulated in various cancers, such as the gastric cancer, osteosarcoma, glioma, hepatocellular carcinoma, acute lymphoblastic leukemia, laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma, esophageal cancer, breast cancer, non-small cell lung cancer, and colorectal cancer. The decreased expression of PAQR3 was associated with short overall survival and disease-free survival in patients with gastric cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma, laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma, esophageal cancer, breast cancer, and non-small cell lung cancer. PAQR3 could inhibit cancer progression by using the Ras/Raf/MEK/ERK, PI3/AKT, EMT and other mechanisms, and was negatively regulated by the miR-543, miR-15b-5p and miR-15b. The roles and signaling mechanisms of PAQR3, and the relationship between the expression of PAQR3 and prognosis in cancer progression are reviewed in this article, and provides new tumor marker and idea to guide cancer treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Guo
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Li Liu
- Department of Ultrasound, The People’s Hospital of Jianyang City, Jianyang, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Kui Zhai
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Xingyi People’s Hospital, Xinyi, Guizhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Cheng Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xi-Xian Ke
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, People’s Republic of China
| | - Gang Xu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, People’s Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Wu Y, Hong L, Ling Z, Hu X, Liu Z, Li P, Ling Z. Golgi scaffold protein
PAQR3
as a candidate suppressor of gastric cardia adenocarcinoma via regulating
TGF
‐β/Smad pathway. J Clin Lab Anal 2022; 36:e24617. [PMID: 35870178 PMCID: PMC9459307 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.24617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives To investigate the function of PAQR3 in gastric cardia adenocarcinoma (GCA) and understand the possible mechanism of PAQR3 in regulating epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT). Methods We detected PAQR3 protein in 146 GCA tissues and paired normal adjacent tissues (PNTs) specimens using immunohistochemical analysis, and explored its clinical significance. The expression levels of PAQR3 protein in 20 GCA tissues, their paired PNTs, HGC27, SGC7901, and GES‐1 cells were analyzed by Western blot. Wild‐type PAQR3 was overexpressed in HGC27 cells. The effects of PAQR3 overexpression on the function of HGC27 cells and its underlying mechanisms were then analyzed through a series of cell and molecular biology experiments. Results PAQR3 was significantly down‐regulated in GCA tissues when compared with paired PNTs (p < 0.0001). The expression level of PAQR3 in GCA tissues was significantly negatively correlated with Helicobacter pylori infection (p = 0.000), venous invasion (p = 0.000), invasion depth (p = 0.000), lymph node metastasis (p = 0.022), tumor stage (p = 0.000), and patient survival (p = 0.009). Downregulation of PAQR3 was highly correlated with increased EMT signature and activated TGF‐β/Smad pathway in GCA tissues. Overexpression of PAQR3 in HGC27 cells negatively regulates its cellular functions, such as cell proliferation and migration, and suppresses EMT. Mechanistically, overexpression of PAQR3 significantly down‐regulates the protein expression levels of TGF‐1, p‐Smad2, and p‐Smad3 in HGC27 cells. Conclusion PAQR3 was significantly down‐regulated in GCA tissues, HGC27, and SGC7901 cells. PAQR3 significantly inhibits the proliferation, migration, and invasion of HGC27 cells. Mechanistically, PAQR3 can inhibit the EMT process in HGC27 cells by regulating TGF‐β/Smad signaling pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ying‐Li Wu
- Zhejiang Cancer Institute Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences; Institute of Cancer and Basic Medicine (ICBM), Chinese Academy of Sciences Hangzhou China
- Department of anaesthesiology Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences; Institute of Cancer and Basic Medicine (ICBM), Chinese Academy of Sciences Hangzhou China
| | - Lian‐Lian Hong
- Zhejiang Cancer Institute Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences; Institute of Cancer and Basic Medicine (ICBM), Chinese Academy of Sciences Hangzhou China
| | - Zhe‐Nan Ling
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine Hangzhou China
| | - Xuan‐Yu Hu
- Department of Pathophysiology School of Basic Medical Sciences Zhengzhou China
| | - Zhu Liu
- Zhejiang Cancer Institute Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences; Institute of Cancer and Basic Medicine (ICBM), Chinese Academy of Sciences Hangzhou China
| | - Pei Li
- Department of Pathophysiology School of Basic Medical Sciences Zhengzhou China
| | - Zhi‐Qiang Ling
- Zhejiang Cancer Institute Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences; Institute of Cancer and Basic Medicine (ICBM), Chinese Academy of Sciences Hangzhou China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Spano D, Colanzi A. Golgi Complex: A Signaling Hub in Cancer. Cells 2022; 11:1990. [PMID: 35805075 PMCID: PMC9265605 DOI: 10.3390/cells11131990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Revised: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The Golgi Complex is the central hub in the endomembrane system and serves not only as a biosynthetic and processing center but also as a trafficking and sorting station for glycoproteins and lipids. In addition, it is an active signaling hub involved in the regulation of multiple cellular processes, including cell polarity, motility, growth, autophagy, apoptosis, inflammation, DNA repair and stress responses. As such, the dysregulation of the Golgi Complex-centered signaling cascades contributes to the onset of several pathological conditions, including cancer. This review summarizes the current knowledge on the signaling pathways regulated by the Golgi Complex and implicated in promoting cancer hallmarks and tumor progression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Spano
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, National Research Council, Via Pietro Castellino 111, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Antonino Colanzi
- Institute for Endocrinology and Experimental Oncology “G. Salvatore”, National Research Council, 80131 Naples, Italy;
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Xiao H, Sun X, Lin Z, Yang Y, Zhang M, Xu Z, Liu P, Liu Z, Huang H. Gentiopicroside targets PAQR3 to activate the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway and ameliorate disordered glucose and lipid metabolism. Acta Pharm Sin B 2022; 12:2887-2904. [PMID: 35755276 PMCID: PMC9214054 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2021.12.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2021] [Revised: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The obstruction of post-insulin receptor signaling is the main mechanism of insulin-resistant diabetes. Progestin and adipoQ receptor 3 (PAQR3), a key regulator of inflammation and metabolism, can negatively regulate the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. Here, we report that gentiopicroside (GPS), the main bioactive secoiridoid glycoside of Gentiana manshurica Kitagawa, decreased lipid synthesis and increased glucose utilization in palmitic acid (PA) treated HepG2 cells. Additionally, GPS improved glycolipid metabolism in streptozotocin (STZ) treated high-fat diet (HFD)-induced diabetic mice. Our findings revealed that GPS promoted the activation of the PI3K/AKT axis by facilitating DNA-binding protein 2 (DDB2)-mediated PAQR3 ubiquitinated degradation. Moreover, results of surface plasmon resonance (SPR), microscale thermophoresis (MST) and thermal shift assay (TSA) indicated that GPS directly binds to PAQR3. Results of molecular docking and cellular thermal shift assay (CETSA) revealed that GPS directly bound to the amino acids of the PAQR3 NH2-terminus including Leu40, Asp42, Glu69, Tyr125 and Ser129, and spatially inhibited the interaction between PAQR3 and the PI3K catalytic subunit (P110α) to restore the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. In summary, our study identified GPS, which inhibits PAQR3 expression and directly targets PAQR3 to restore insulin signaling pathway, as a potential drug candidate for the treatment of diabetes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haiming Xiao
- Laboratory of Pharmacology & Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
- National and Local United Engineering Lab of Druggability and New Drugs Evaluation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Xiaohong Sun
- Laboratory of Pharmacology & Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Zeyuan Lin
- Laboratory of Pharmacology & Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yan Yang
- Laboratory of Pharmacology & Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Meng Zhang
- Laboratory of Pharmacology & Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
- National and Local United Engineering Lab of Druggability and New Drugs Evaluation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Zhanchi Xu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Peiqing Liu
- Laboratory of Pharmacology & Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
- National and Local United Engineering Lab of Druggability and New Drugs Evaluation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Corresponding authors.
| | - Zhongqiu Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Corresponding authors.
| | - Heqing Huang
- Laboratory of Pharmacology & Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
- National and Local United Engineering Lab of Druggability and New Drugs Evaluation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Corresponding authors.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Qu C, Ma T, Yan X, Li X, Li Y. Overexpressed PAQR4 predicts poor overall survival and construction of a prognostic nomogram based on PAQR family for hepatocellular carcinoma. MATHEMATICAL BIOSCIENCES AND ENGINEERING : MBE 2022; 19:3069-3090. [PMID: 35240821 DOI: 10.3934/mbe.2022142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We aimed to explore the expression and clinical prognostic significance of PAQR4 in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). METHODS We obtained the gene expression matrix and clinical data of HCC from the cancer genome atlas (TCGA) and international cancer genome consortium (ICGC) databases. The prognostic value of PAQR4 in HCC was evaluated using the Kaplan-Meier and Cox regression analyses. PAQR4-related pathways were explored by gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA). A clinical nomogram prognostic model based on the PAQR family was constructed using Cox proportional hazards models. RESULTS We found that PAQR4 is overexpressed in HCC from multiple databases; additionally, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) validated the upregulation of PAQR4 in HCC. PAQR4 expression was related to age, grade, alpha fetoprotein (AFP), T classification and clinical stage of HCC patients. High PAQR4 expression was associated with poor overall survival and was an independent prognostic factor for HCC patients through Kaplan-Meier analysis and Cox regression analysis, respectively. In addition, GSEA identified that the high PAQR4 expression phenotype was involved in the cell cycle, Notch signaling pathway, mTOR signaling pathway, etc. Finally, three PAQR family genes (PAQR4, PAQR8 and PAQR9) were associated with the prognosis of patients with HCC. A clinical nomogram prediction model was verified in TCGA training and ICGC validation sets, and it exerted dramatic predictive efficiency in this study. CONCLUSIONS PAQR4 may be regarded as a promising prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target for HCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Caihao Qu
- Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou 730030, China
- Key Laboratory of Digestive System Tumors of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730030, China
| | - Tengda Ma
- Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou 730030, China
- Key Laboratory of Digestive System Tumors of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730030, China
| | - Xin Yan
- Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou 730030, China
- Key Laboratory of Digestive System Tumors of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730030, China
| | - Xiaomei Li
- Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou 730030, China
- Key Laboratory of Digestive System Tumors of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730030, China
| | - Yumin Li
- Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou 730030, China
- Key Laboratory of Digestive System Tumors of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730030, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Zhang C, Liu P, Huang J, Liao Y, Pan C, Liu J, Du Q, Liu T, Shang C, Ooi S, Chen R, Xia M, Jiang H, Xu M, Zou Q, Zhou Y, Huang H, Pan Y, Yuan L, Wang W, Yao S. Circular RNA hsa_circ_0043280 inhibits cervical cancer tumor growth and metastasis via miR-203a-3p/PAQR3 axis. Cell Death Dis 2021; 12:888. [PMID: 34588429 PMCID: PMC8481253 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-021-04193-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Revised: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are known to act as key regulators in a variety of malignancies. However, the role of circRNAs in cervical cancer (CCa) remains largely unknown. Herein, we demonstrated that a circRNA derived from the TADA2A gene (hsa_circ_0043280) was significantly downregulated in CCa and that this reduction in expression was correlated with a poor prognosis. Furthermore, our results demonstrated that hsa_circ_0043280 functions as a tumor suppressor to inhibit tumor growth and metastasis in CCa. Mechanistically, hsa_circ_0043280 competitively sponges miR-203a-3p and prevents miR-203a-3p from reducing the levels of PAQR3. Collectively, our results demonstrate that hsa_circ_0043280 plays a pivotal role in the development and metastasis of CCa, thus suggesting that hsa_circ_0043280 has significant potential as a prognostic biomarker and a therapeutic target for CCa.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chunyu Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, 510080, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Pan Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, 510080, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jiaming Huang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, 510080, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yuandong Liao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, 510080, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Chaoyun Pan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Junxiu Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, 510080, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Qiqiao Du
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, 510080, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Tianyu Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, 510080, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Chunliang Shang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, 100191, Beijing, China
| | - Shiyin Ooi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, 510080, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Run Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, 510080, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Meng Xia
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, 510080, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Hongye Jiang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, 510080, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Manman Xu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, 510080, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Qiaojian Zou
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, 510080, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yijia Zhou
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, 510080, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Hua Huang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, 510080, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yuwen Pan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, 510080, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Li Yuan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, 510080, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, 510080, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
| | - Shuzhong Yao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, 510080, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Jin L, Tong L. PAQR3 inhibits proliferation and aggravates ferroptosis in acute lymphoblastic leukemia through modulation Nrf2 stability. Immun Inflamm Dis 2021; 9:827-839. [PMID: 33955706 PMCID: PMC8342237 DOI: 10.1002/iid3.437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Revised: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 04/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is a usual hematological tumor, which was featured by malignant proliferation of lymphoid progenitor cells. Many important factors participate into the regulation of ALL, including proteins. PAQR3 (also named RKTG) has been proved to take part in many human cancers by acting as a tumor suppressor. PAQR3 has bee n shown to repress human leukemia cells proliferation and induce cell apoptosis, but its role and relevant regulatory mechanism on cell proliferation and ferroptosis in ALL needs more exploration. METHODS The genes expression was detected through quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (mRNA) or western blot (protein). The cell proliferation was assessed through Cell Counting Kit-8 and 5-ethynyl-2-deoxyuridine assays. The levels of MDA, DCF, and intracellular free Fe in ALL cells were tested through the commercial kits. The cell apoptosis was determined through flow cytometry analysis. The binding ability of PAQR3 and nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) was verified through pull down assay. RESULTS PAQR3 expression was firstly assessed in ALL patients and cell lines, and discovered to be downregulated. It was verified that PAQR3 suppressed ALL cells proliferation. Further experiments proved that PAQR3 aggravates ferroptosis in ALL. In addition, AQR3 bound with Nrf2, and modulated its expression through ubiquitination in ALL. Finally, through rescue assays, it was demonstrated that Nrf2 overexpression reversed the effects of PAQR3 on cell proliferation and ferroptosis. CONCLUSION Findings from our work uncovered that PAQR3 inhibited proliferation and aggravated ferroptosis in ALL through modulation Nrf2 stability. This study suggested that PAQR3 may serve as an effective biological marker for ALL treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ling Jin
- Department of HematologyYixing People's HospitalYixing CityJiangsu ProvinceChina
| | - Laigen Tong
- Department of HematologyYixing People's HospitalYixing CityJiangsu ProvinceChina
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Qiao S, Yang D, Li X, Li W, Zhang Y, Liu W. Silencing PAQR3 protects against oxygen-glucose deprivation/reperfusion-induced neuronal apoptosis via activation of PI3K/AKT signaling in PC12 cells. Life Sci 2020; 265:118806. [PMID: 33249098 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.118806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Revised: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Neuronal apoptosis acts as the pivotal pathogenesis of cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury after ischemic stroke. PAQR3 (progestin and adipoQ receptor family member 3) is a crucial player who participates in the regulation of cell death. We aim to explore the specific function and the underlying mechanism of PAQR3 in cerebral I/R induced neuronal injury. MAIN METHODS We established a mouse middle cerebral artery occlusion/reperfusion (MCAO/R) model and rat adrenal pheochromocytoma (PC12) cell oxygen-glucose deprivation/reperfusion (OGD/R) model to detect the expression and of PAQR3 after I/R treatment in vivo and in vitro. We used lentivirus to knockdown PAQR3 and investigated the function of PAQR3 in I/R induced neuronal apoptosis. KEY FINDINGS PAQR3 expression is markedly increased in the ischemic hemisphere of C57BL/6 mice and PC12 cells after I/R stimulation. Knockdown PAQR3 can attenuate neuronal apoptosis induced by I/R in PC12 cells and exerts neuroprotective effects. PAQR3 deficiency can significantly raise cell viability and suppress LDH leakage under I/R treatment. Silencing PAQR3 attenuates neuronal apoptosis remarkably with fewer TUNEL-positive cells and lower apoptosis rate under I/R treatment. Mechanistically, knockdown of PAQR3 can inhibit the apoptosis pathway through inducing anti-apoptotic proteins and inhibiting pro-apoptotic proteins. Besides, PI3K/AKT signaling suppression with LY294002 abolished the neuroprotective functions induced by silencing PAQR3. SIGNIFICANCE Our results elucidate that silencing PAQR3 can protect PC12 from OGD/R injury via activating PI3K/AKT pathway. And therefore, provide a novel therapeutic target for the prevention of cerebral I/R injury.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Qiao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital/the First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Graduate School of Guangzhou Medical University, Shenzhen 518035, China
| | - Dexin Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital/the First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Graduate School of Guangzhou Medical University, Shenzhen 518035, China
| | - Xiaofeng Li
- The Central Laboratory, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital/the First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen 518035, China
| | - Weiping Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital/the First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Graduate School of Guangzhou Medical University, Shenzhen 518035, China
| | - Yuan Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital/the First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Graduate School of Guangzhou Medical University, Shenzhen 518035, China; The Central Laboratory, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital/the First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen 518035, China.
| | - Wenlan Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital/the First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Graduate School of Guangzhou Medical University, Shenzhen 518035, China; The Central Laboratory, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital/the First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen 518035, China.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Guo Q, Ke XX, Fang SX, Gao WL, Song YX, Chen C, Lu HL, Xu G. PAQR3 Inhibits Non-small Cell Lung Cancer Growth by Regulating the NF-κB/p53/Bax Axis. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:581919. [PMID: 33123538 PMCID: PMC7573313 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.581919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The expression of progestin and adipoQ receptor 3 (PAQR3) is generally downregulated in multiple tumors, which is associated with tumor progression and poor prognosis. Methods The clinical value of PAQR3 was analyzed using various databases and in 60 patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). In addition, cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8), colony formation, and flow cytometry assays were used to evaluate the effect of PAQR3 on the growth of NSCLC cells in vitro. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) was performed to investigate the possible mechanism through which PAQR3 is involved in the progression of lung cancer. Furthermore, western blotting was employed to verify the relevant mechanism. Results The expression of PAQR3 was decreased in 60 NSCLC patients and was related to the histological subtype, lymph node metastasis, tumor size, and diagnosis of NSCLC. Patients with lung adenocarcinoma with increased PAQR3 expression tended to have a better prognosis. Besides, PAQR3 inhibited proliferation, clone formation, and cycle transition in NSCLC cells, but induced apoptosis. The results of GSEA showed that PAQR3 regulated the progression of lung cancer by affecting cell cycle, DNA replication, and the p53 signaling pathway. We confirmed that PAQR3 overexpression inhibited the expression of NF-κB, while it increased the expression of p53, phospho-p53, and Bax. On the contrary, PAQR3 inhibition played an opposite role in these proteins. Conclusion PAQR3 inhibited the growth of NSCLC cells through the NF-κB/P53/Bax signaling pathway and might be a new target for diagnosis and treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Guo
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Xi-Xian Ke
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Shi-Xu Fang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Wei-Long Gao
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Yong-Xiang Song
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Cheng Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Hong-Ling Lu
- Department of Biochemistry, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Gang Xu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| |
Collapse
|