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Wang CZ, Zhang YJ, Chu YF, Zhong LG, Xu JP, Liang LY, Long TF, Fang LX, Sun J, Liao XP, Zhou YF. Tobramycin-resistant small colony variant mutant of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium shows collateral sensitivity to nitrofurantoin. Virulence 2024; 15:2356692. [PMID: 38797966 PMCID: PMC11135859 DOI: 10.1080/21505594.2024.2356692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
The increasing antibiotic resistance poses a significant global health challenge, threatening our ability to combat infectious diseases. The phenomenon of collateral sensitivity, whereby resistance to one antibiotic is accompanied by increased sensitivity to another, offers potential avenues for novel therapeutic interventions against infections unresponsive to classical treatments. In this study, we elucidate the emergence of tobramycin (TOB)-resistant small colony variants (SCVs) due to mutations in the hemL gene, which render S. Typhimurium more susceptible to nitrofurantoin (NIT). Mechanistic studies demonstrate that the collateral sensitivity in TOB-resistant S. Typhimurium SCVs primarily stems from disruptions in haem biosynthesis. This leads to dysfunction in the electron transport chain (ETC) and redox imbalance, ultimately inducing lethal accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Additionally, the upregulation of nfsA/B expressions facilitates the conversion of NIT prodrug into its active form, promoting ROS-mediated bacterial killing and contributing to this collateral sensitivity pattern. Importantly, alternative NIT therapy demonstrates a significant reduction of bacterial load by more than 2.24-log10 cfu/g in the murine thigh infection and colitis models. Our findings corroborate the collateral sensitivity of S. Typhimurium to nitrofurans as a consequence of evolving resistance to aminoglycosides. This provides a promising approach for treating infections due to aminoglycoside-resistant strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang-Zhen Wang
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yue-Jun Zhang
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yue-Fei Chu
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Long-Gen Zhong
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jin-Peng Xu
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Liu-Yan Liang
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Teng-Fei Long
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Liang-Xing Fang
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jian Sun
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Ping Liao
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yu-Feng Zhou
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
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Brdová D, Ruml T, Viktorová J. Mechanism of staphylococcal resistance to clinically relevant antibiotics. Drug Resist Updat 2024; 77:101147. [PMID: 39236354 DOI: 10.1016/j.drup.2024.101147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2024] [Revised: 08/17/2024] [Accepted: 08/26/2024] [Indexed: 09/07/2024]
Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus, a notorious pathogen with versatile virulence, poses a significant challenge to current antibiotic treatments due to its ability to develop resistance mechanisms against a variety of clinically relevant antibiotics. In this comprehensive review, we carefully dissect the resistance mechanisms employed by S. aureus against various antibiotics commonly used in clinical settings. The article navigates through intricate molecular pathways, elucidating the mechanisms by which S. aureus evades the therapeutic efficacy of antibiotics, such as β-lactams, vancomycin, daptomycin, linezolid, etc. Each antibiotic is scrutinised for its mechanism of action, impact on bacterial physiology, and the corresponding resistance strategies adopted by S. aureus. By synthesising the knowledge surrounding these resistance mechanisms, this review aims to serve as a comprehensive resource that provides a foundation for the development of innovative therapeutic strategies and alternative treatments for S. aureus infections. Understanding the evolving landscape of antibiotic resistance is imperative for devising effective countermeasures in the battle against this formidable pathogen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Brdová
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Chemistry and Technology, Technicka 3, Prague 16628, Czech Republic.
| | - Tomáš Ruml
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Chemistry and Technology, Technicka 3, Prague 16628, Czech Republic.
| | - Jitka Viktorová
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Chemistry and Technology, Technicka 3, Prague 16628, Czech Republic.
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Fang X, Liu H, Du Y, Jiang L, Gao F, Wang Z, Chi Z, Shi B, Zhao X. Bacillus siamensis Targeted Screening from Highly Colitis-Resistant Pigs Can Alleviate Ulcerative Colitis in Mice. RESEARCH (WASHINGTON, D.C.) 2024; 7:0415. [PMID: 39015206 PMCID: PMC11249912 DOI: 10.34133/research.0415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/18/2024]
Abstract
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is often accompanied by intestinal inflammation and disruption of intestinal epithelial structures, which are closely associated with changes in the intestinal microbiota. We previously revealed that Min pigs, a native Chinese breed, are more resistant to dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis than commercial Yorkshire pigs. Characterizing the microbiota in Min pigs would allow identification of the core microbes that confer colitis resistance. By analyzing the microbiota linked to the disease course in Min and Yorkshire pigs, we observed that Bacillus spp. were enriched in Min pigs and positively correlated with pathogen resistance. Using targeted screening, we identified and validated Bacillus siamensis MZ16 from Min pigs as a bacterial species with biofilm formation ability, superior salt and pH tolerance, and antimicrobial characteristics. Subsequently, we administered B. siamensis MZ16 to conventional or microbiota-deficient BALB/c mice with DSS-induced colitis to assess its efficacy in alleviating colitis. B. siamensis MZ16 partially counteracted DSS-induced colitis in conventional mice, but it did not mitigate DSS-induced colitis in microbiota-deficient mice. Further analysis revealed that B. siamensis MZ16 administration improved intestinal ecology and integrity and immunological barrier function in mice. Compared to the DSS-treated mice, mice preadministered B. siamensis MZ16 exhibited improved relative abundance of potentially beneficial microbes (Lactobacillus, Bacillus, Christensenellaceae R7, Ruminococcus, Clostridium, and Eubacterium), reduced relative abundance of pathogenic microbes (Escherichia-Shigella), and maintained colonic OCLN and ZO-1 levels and IgA and SIgA levels. Furthermore, B. siamensis MZ16 reduced proinflammatory cytokine levels by reversing NF-κB and MAPK pathway activation in the DSS group. Overall, B. siamensis MZ16 from Min pigs had beneficial effects on a colitis mouse model by enhancing intestinal barrier functions and reducing inflammation in a gut microbiota-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuyu Fang
- College of Animal Science and Technology,
Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, People’s Republic of China
| | - Haiyang Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology,
Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yongqing Du
- College of Animal Science and Technology,
Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lin Jiang
- College of Animal Science and Technology,
Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, People’s Republic of China
| | - Feng Gao
- College of Animal Science and Technology,
Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhengyi Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology,
Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zihan Chi
- College of Animal Science and Technology,
Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, People’s Republic of China
| | - Baoming Shi
- College of Animal Science and Technology,
Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xuan Zhao
- College of Animal Science and Technology,
Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, People’s Republic of China
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Zhou J, He C, Yang H, Shu W, Liu Q. Integrative omics analysis reveals insights into small colony variants of Staphylococcus aureus induced by sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim. BMC Microbiol 2024; 24:212. [PMID: 38877418 PMCID: PMC11179224 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-024-03364-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/16/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Long-term treatment with trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (SXT) can lead to the formation of small-colony variants (SCVs) of Staphylococcus aureus. However, the mechanism behind SCVs formation remains poorly understood. In this study, we explored the phenotype and omics-based characterization of S. aureus SCVs induced by SXT and shed light on the potential causes of SCV formation. METHODS Stable SCVs were obtained by continuously treating S. aureus isolates using 12/238 µg/ml of SXT, characterized by growth kinetics, antibiotic susceptibility testing, and auxotrophism test. Subsequently, a pair of representative strains (SCV and its parental strain) were selected for genomic, transcriptomic and metabolomic analysis. RESULTS Three stable S. aureus SCVs were successfully screened and proven to be homologous to their corresponding parental strains. Phenotypic tests showed that all SCVs were non-classical mechanisms associated with impaired utilization of menadione, heme and thymine, and exhibited slower growth and higher antibiotic minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs), compared to their corresponding parental strains. Genomic data revealed 15 missense mutations in 13 genes in the representative SCV, which were involved in adhesion, intramolecular phosphate transfer on ribose, transport pathways, and phage-encoded proteins. The combination analysis of transcriptome and metabolome identified 35 overlapping pathways possible associated with the phenotype switching of S. aureus. These pathways mainly included changes in metabolism, such as purine metabolism, pyruvate metabolism, amino acid metabolism, and ABC transporters, which could play a crucial role in promoting SCVs development by affecting nucleic acid synthesis and energy metabolism in bacteria. CONCLUSION This study provides profound insights into the causes of S. aureus SCV formation induced by SXT. The findings may offer valuable clues for developing new strategies to combat S. aureus SCV infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingwen Zhou
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 274 Zhijiang Middle Rd, Shanghai, 200071, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunyan He
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Han Yang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Wen Shu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qingzhong Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 274 Zhijiang Middle Rd, Shanghai, 200071, People's Republic of China.
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Lenchenko E, Sachivkina N, Petrukhina O, Petukhov N, Zharov A, Zhabo N, Avdonina M. Anatomical, pathological, and histological features of experimental respiratory infection of birds by biofilm-forming bacteria Staphylococcus aureus. Vet World 2024; 17:612-619. [PMID: 38680142 PMCID: PMC11045526 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2024.612-619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Background and Aim The pathogenesis of staphylococcal infections is mediated by virulence factors, such as enzymes, toxins, and biofilms, which increase the resistance of microorganisms to host immune system evasion. Testing and searching for standardized multi-level algorithms for the indication and differentiation of biofilms at the early stages of diagnosis will contribute to the development of preventive measures to control the critical points of technology and manage dangerous risk factors for the spread of infectious diseases. This research aimed to study the main stages of Staphylococcus aureus biofilm formation in in vitro experiments and to analyze the dynamics of respiratory syndrome development in chickens infected with these bacteria. Materials and Methods Experimental reproduction of the infectious process was performed using laboratory models: 10-day-old White Leghorn chickens (n = 20). Before the experiments, the birds were divided into two groups according to the principle of analogs: Group I (control, n = 10): the birds were intranasally inoculated with 0.5 cm3 of 0.9% NaCl solution; Group II (experiment, n = 10): the birds were intranasally inoculated with a suspension of S. aureus bacteria, 0.5 cm3, concentration 1 billion/cm3. Results Colonization of individual areas of the substrate under study in vitro occurred gradually from the sedimentation and adhesion of single motile planktonic cells to the attachment stage of microcolony development. Staining preparations with gentian violet due to the "metachromosia" property of this dye are a quick and fairly simple way to differentiate cells and the intercellular matrix of biofilms. Fixation with vapors of glutaraldehyde and osmium tetroxide preserves the natural architecture of biofilms under optical and scanning electron microscopy. Pure cultures of S. aureus microorganisms were isolated from the blood, lungs, small intestine, liver, kidneys, and spleen after 5-10 days during experimental infection of chickens. Clinical signs of respiratory syndrome developed within 5-6 days after infection. Acute and subacute serous-fibrinous airsacculitis, characterized by edema and thickening of the membranes of the air sacs and the presence of turbid, watery, foamy contents in the cavity, was the most characteristic pathomorphological sign. The signs of acute congestive hyperemia and one-sided serous-fibrinous pneumonia developed with significant thickening of fibrinous deposits. In Garder's gland, there was an increase in the number of secretory sections, indicating hypersecretion of the glands. In the lymphoid follicles of Meckel's diverticulum, leukocytes, usually lymphocytes, and pseudoeosinophils were detected. Conclusions Hydration and heteromorphism of the internal environment of biofilms determine the localization of differentiated cells in a three-dimensional matrix for protection against adverse factors. The most characteristic pathomorphological sign was the development of acute and subacute serous-fibrinous airsacculitis when reproducing the infectious process in susceptible models. There was a significant thickening of fibrinous deposits and signs of acute congestive hyperemia and one or two serous-fibrinous pneumonia developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekaterina Lenchenko
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Russian Biotechnological University (BIOTECH University), 125080, Moscow, Russia
| | - Nadezhda Sachivkina
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Agrarian Technological Institute, Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), 117198 Moscow, Russia
| | - Olesya Petrukhina
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Agrarian Technological Institute, Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), 117198 Moscow, Russia
| | - Nikolay Petukhov
- Department of Technosphere Security, Agrarian Technological Institute, Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), 117198, Moscow, Russia
| | - Andrey Zharov
- Department of Technosphere Security, Agrarian Technological Institute, Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), 117198, Moscow, Russia
| | - Natallia Zhabo
- Department of Foreign Languages, Institute of Medicine, Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), 117198, Moscow, Russia
| | - Marina Avdonina
- Department of Linguistics and Intercultural Communication of the Faculty of Distance Learning and Part-Time Education of Moscow State Linguistic University, 119034 Moscow, Russia
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Liu H, Liu M, Zong X, Liu A, Yuan M, Fang S. Mechanism of safener mefenpyr-diethyl biodegradation by a newly isolated Chryseobacterium sp. B6 from wastewater sludge and application in co-contaminated soil. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 345:140385. [PMID: 37839750 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.140385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
Safener mefenpyr-diethyl (MFD) was applied to cereal crops along with herbicides to improve herbicide selectivity for crops and weeds. However, the degradation mechanism of MFD in the environment remains unclear. One MFD-degrading bacterium, Chryseobacterium sp. B6, was isolated from activated sludge. According to Box-Behnken's optimal design, the degradation efficiency of MFD can reach 92% under conditions of pH 7.5, 30 °C, and a MFD concentration of 184 mg L-1. The degradation half-life experiment showed that a high concentration of MFD (300 mg L-1) inhibited the degradation ability of strain B6. Additionally, strain B6 was resistant to Ba2+, Cr3+, Li+, Zn2+, and Cu2+. The MFD degradation products of strain B6 were detected by GC/MS and its degradation pathway was proposed. MFD was first hydrolyzed by a hydrolase to an intermediate (RS)-1-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-5-methyl-2-pyrazoline-5-carboxylic acid ethyl ester-3-carboxylic acid, and then further degraded by a decarboxylase to form the intermediate (RS)-1-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-5-methyl-2-pyrazoline-5-carboxylic acid ethyl ester, finally, it is completely degraded by strain B6. Furthermore, strain B6 could effectively remove MFD from MFD-contaminated soil, and the half-life of MFD was also significantly reduced in MFD and Cu2+ co-contaminated soil after inoculating strain B6. To our knowledge, strain B6 was the first strain reported to degrade safener MFD, and this study provides a valuable candidate to remediate the co-contaminated soil with MFD and Cu2+.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongming Liu
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Enzymology and Mechanism of Major Diseases, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, 241000, PR China; Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of the Conservation and Exploitation of Biological Resources, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, 241000, PR China.
| | - Mengna Liu
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Enzymology and Mechanism of Major Diseases, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, 241000, PR China; Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of the Conservation and Exploitation of Biological Resources, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, 241000, PR China
| | - Xuan Zong
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Enzymology and Mechanism of Major Diseases, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, 241000, PR China; Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of the Conservation and Exploitation of Biological Resources, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, 241000, PR China
| | - Aimin Liu
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Enzymology and Mechanism of Major Diseases, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, 241000, PR China; Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of the Conservation and Exploitation of Biological Resources, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, 241000, PR China
| | - Meng Yuan
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Enzymology and Mechanism of Major Diseases, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, 241000, PR China; Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of the Conservation and Exploitation of Biological Resources, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, 241000, PR China
| | - Shangping Fang
- School of Anesthesiology, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui, 241002, PR China.
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Kim YK, Eom Y, Kim E, Chang E, Bae S, Jung J, Kim MJ, Chong YP, Kim SH, Choi SH, Lee SO, Kim YS. Molecular Characteristics and Prevalence of Rifampin Resistance in Staphylococcus aureus Isolates from Patients with Bacteremia in South Korea. Antibiotics (Basel) 2023; 12:1511. [PMID: 37887212 PMCID: PMC10604019 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics12101511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Rifampin resistance (RIF-R) in Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) with rpoB mutations as one of its resistance mechanisms has raised concern about clinical treatment and infection prevention strategies. Data on the prevalence and molecular epidemiology of RIF-R S. aureus blood isolates in South Korea are scarce. We used broth microdilution to investigate RIF-R prevalence and analyzed the rpoB gene mutation in 1615 S. aureus blood isolates (772 methicillin-susceptible and 843 methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA)) from patients with bacteremia, between 2008 and 2017. RIF-R prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility were determined. Multilocus sequence typing was used to characterize the isolate's molecular epidemiology; Staphylococcus protein A (spa), staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec (SCCmec), and rpoB gene mutations were detected by PCR. Among 52 RIF-R MRSA isolates out of 57 RIF-R S. aureus blood isolates (57/1615, 0.4%; 5 methicillin-susceptible and 52 MRSA), ST5 (44/52, 84.6%), SCCmec IIb (40/52, 76.9%), and spa t2460 (27/52, 51.9%) were predominant. rpoB gene mutations with amino acid substitutions showed that A477D (17/48, 35.4%) frequently conferred high-level RIF resistance (MIC > 128 mg/L), followed by H481Y (4/48, 8.3%). RIF-R S. aureus blood isolates in South Korea have unique molecular characteristics and are closely associated with rpoB gene mutations. RIF-R surveillance through S. aureus-blood isolate epidemiology could enable effective therapeutic management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Kyun Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang 14068, Republic of Korea;
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea; (E.C.); (J.J.); (M.J.K.); (Y.P.C.); (S.-H.K.); (S.-H.C.); (S.-O.L.)
| | - Yewon Eom
- Center for Antimicrobial Resistance and Microbial Genetics, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea; (Y.E.); (E.K.); (S.B.)
- Asan Medical Center, Asan Institute for Life Science, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunsil Kim
- Center for Antimicrobial Resistance and Microbial Genetics, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea; (Y.E.); (E.K.); (S.B.)
- Asan Medical Center, Asan Institute for Life Science, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Euijin Chang
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea; (E.C.); (J.J.); (M.J.K.); (Y.P.C.); (S.-H.K.); (S.-H.C.); (S.-O.L.)
| | - Seongman Bae
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea; (E.C.); (J.J.); (M.J.K.); (Y.P.C.); (S.-H.K.); (S.-H.C.); (S.-O.L.)
- Center for Antimicrobial Resistance and Microbial Genetics, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea; (Y.E.); (E.K.); (S.B.)
| | - Jiwon Jung
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea; (E.C.); (J.J.); (M.J.K.); (Y.P.C.); (S.-H.K.); (S.-H.C.); (S.-O.L.)
| | - Min Jae Kim
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea; (E.C.); (J.J.); (M.J.K.); (Y.P.C.); (S.-H.K.); (S.-H.C.); (S.-O.L.)
| | - Yong Pil Chong
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea; (E.C.); (J.J.); (M.J.K.); (Y.P.C.); (S.-H.K.); (S.-H.C.); (S.-O.L.)
| | - Sung-Han Kim
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea; (E.C.); (J.J.); (M.J.K.); (Y.P.C.); (S.-H.K.); (S.-H.C.); (S.-O.L.)
| | - Sang-Ho Choi
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea; (E.C.); (J.J.); (M.J.K.); (Y.P.C.); (S.-H.K.); (S.-H.C.); (S.-O.L.)
| | - Sang-Oh Lee
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea; (E.C.); (J.J.); (M.J.K.); (Y.P.C.); (S.-H.K.); (S.-H.C.); (S.-O.L.)
| | - Yang Soo Kim
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea; (E.C.); (J.J.); (M.J.K.); (Y.P.C.); (S.-H.K.); (S.-H.C.); (S.-O.L.)
- Center for Antimicrobial Resistance and Microbial Genetics, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea; (Y.E.); (E.K.); (S.B.)
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Dipten L, Amenti, Rajkrishna M. Molecular docking analysis of juglone with parvulin-type PPiase PrsA from Staphylococcus aureus. Bioinformation 2023; 19:48-52. [PMID: 37720298 PMCID: PMC10504509 DOI: 10.6026/97320630019048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus is an opportunistic pathogen that causes variety of infections range from mild skin diseases to life-threatening sepsis. It is also notorious for acquiring resistance to numerous antibiotics. Parvulin-type peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase (PPiase) domain containing PrsA protein is considered as an essential folding factor for secreted proteins of Gram-positive bacteria. Therefore, it is considered as a potential target for anti-staphylococcal drug discovery. Juglone, plant-derived 1,4-naphthoquinone, shows confirmed antitumor and antibacterial activities. Destruction of bacterial biofilm, inhibition of enzyme expression, degradation of nucleic acids, and other pathways are likely the major possible mechanisms for Staphylococcus aureus inactivation by juglone. Selective inhibition of parvulin type PPiase by juglone has been proven biochemically. However, detail structural information of parvulin-juglone interaction and mechanism of enzymatic inhibition till unexplored. Past hypothesis on inactivation of parvulin type PPiase due to covalent attachment of juglone molecules to its cysteine residues is not acceptable for the S. aureus PrsA parvulin domain as that lacks cysteine. Docking studies showed that juglone binds to the active site residues of S. aureus PrsA parvulin domain involved in enzymatic reaction. Active site conserved histidine residue of parvulin may be involved in juglone interaction as it was found to be the common interactive residue in majority of docking complexes. Data shows Juglone possibly inhibits parvulin type PPiase through competitive inhibition mechanism. Subtle differences of juglone interactions with other orthologous parvulin domains will help to develop semisynthetic drug with higher specificity against S. aureus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laskar Dipten
- Department of Biotechnology, Nagaland University, Dimapur, Nagaland-797112, India
| | - Amenti
- Department of Biotechnology, Nagaland University, Dimapur, Nagaland-797112, India
| | - Mondal Rajkrishna
- Department of Biotechnology, Nagaland University, Dimapur, Nagaland-797112, India
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9
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Composite inclusion complexes containing sodium alginate composite nanogels for pH-responsive valnemulin hydrochloride release. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.133054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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10
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Zhang F, Zhou Y, Ding J. The current landscape of microRNAs (miRNAs) in bacterial pneumonia: opportunities and challenges. Cell Mol Biol Lett 2022; 27:70. [PMID: 35986232 PMCID: PMC9392286 DOI: 10.1186/s11658-022-00368-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs), which were initially discovered in Caenorhabditis elegans, can regulate gene expression by recognizing cognate sequences and interfering with the transcriptional or translational machinery. The application of bioinformatics tools for structural analysis and target prediction has largely driven the investigation of certain miRNAs. Notably, it has been found that certain miRNAs which are widely involved in the inflammatory response and immune regulation are closely associated with the occurrence, development, and outcome of bacterial pneumonia. It has been shown that certain miRNA techniques can be used to identify related targets and explore associated signal transduction pathways. This enhances the understanding of bacterial pneumonia, notably for "refractory" or drug-resistant bacterial pneumonia. Although these miRNA-based methods may provide a basis for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of this disease, they still face various challenges, such as low sensitivity, poor specificity, low silencing efficiency, off-target effects, and toxic reactions. The opportunities and challenges of these methods have been completely reviewed, notably in bacterial pneumonia. With the continuous improvement of the current technology, the miRNA-based methods may surmount the aforementioned limitations, providing promising support for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of "refractory" or drug-resistant bacterial pneumonia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Basic Research With Traditional Chinese Medicine On Infectious Diseases, Beijing Institute of Chinese Medicine, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100010, China
| | - Yunxin Zhou
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Basic Research With Traditional Chinese Medicine On Infectious Diseases, Beijing Institute of Chinese Medicine, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100010, China
| | - Junying Ding
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Basic Research With Traditional Chinese Medicine On Infectious Diseases, Beijing Institute of Chinese Medicine, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100010, China.
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11
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Harbour L, Schick A, Mount R, White A. Rifampicin treatment of canine multidrug-resistant meticillin-resistant staphylococcal pyoderma: A retrospective study of 51 cases. Vet Dermatol 2022; 33:384-391. [PMID: 35945630 DOI: 10.1111/vde.13105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Revised: 05/14/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rifampicin (RFP) is a potential treatment for canine multidrug-resistant (MDR) meticillin-resistant staphylococci (MRS), yet the use of lower doses based on recent MIC data has not been evaluated in vivo. HYPOTHESIS/OBJECTIVES To provide information on the efficacy and safety of low-dose range RFP (≤6 mg/kg/day) for the treatment of canine MDR MRS pyoderma. ANIMALS Fifty-one client-owned dogs. MATERIALS AND METHODS Retrospective review of dogs medical records. Dogs were from 11 US dermatology referral practices and had oral RFP at ≤6 mg/kg/day. Data evaluated included response to treatment, adverse events, and serum changes in alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP). RESULTS Complete resolution of pyoderma occurred in 39 of 51 dogs (76.5%). Topical antimicrobials were used concurrently in most cases (47 of 51; 92.2%). ALP elevation >1.5-fold of baseline or the high end of the reference range occurred in nine of 37 (24.3%) dogs, while ALT elevation above baseline and the high end of the reference range occurred in two of 36 (5.6%). Only six of 51 (11.8%) had clinical adverse events during treatment; five of six (83.3%) were mild reactions consisting of lethargy and gastrointestinal signs, while one dog had a possible cutaneous adverse drug reaction. Of those that experienced clinical adverse events, four of six (66.7%) did not have concurrent increased liver enzyme activity, while two of six (33.3%) had elevations in ALP alone. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Low-dose RFP (≤6 mg/kg/day) appears to be a relatively safe and effective single-agent systemic antibiotic in combination with topical antimicrobials for canine MDR MRS pyoderma.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Amelia White
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, USA
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12
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Zhou S, Rao Y, Li J, Huang Q, Rao X. Staphylococcus aureus small-colony variants: Formation, infection, and treatment. Microbiol Res 2022; 260:127040. [DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2022.127040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Revised: 04/10/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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13
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Luteolin Inhibits the Biofilm Formation and Cytotoxicity of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus via Decreasing Bacterial Toxin Synthesis. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2022; 2022:4476339. [PMID: 35586693 PMCID: PMC9110164 DOI: 10.1155/2022/4476339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Revised: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Owing to the fact that luteolin has antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA), its specific mechanism in MRSA is worthy of investigation, which is the focus of this study. Initially, the collected S. aureus strains were treated with luteolin. Then, the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of luteolin against the S. aureus strains was measured by the broth microdilution. The growth curves, biofilm formation, and cytotoxicity of treated S. aureus were detected using a microplate reader. The live and dead bacteria were evaluated using confocal laser scanning microscopy, the bacterial morphology was observed using scanning electron microscopy, and the S. aureus colony-forming unit (CFU) numbers were assessed. The levels of alpha hemolysin (α-hemolysin), delta hemolysin (δ-hemolysin), and hlaA were detected via western blot and RT-PCR. The mortality of mouse model with S. aureus systemic infection was analyzed, and the levels of IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, and TNF-α were quantitated using ELISA. Concretely, the MIC of luteolin against MRSA N315 was 64 μg/mL. Luteolin at 16 μg/mL did not affect the growth of MRSA N315, but inhibited the biofilm formation and CFU, and promoted the morphological changes and death of MRSA N315. Luteolin decreased the cytotoxicity and the levels of α-hemolysin, δ-hemolysin, and hlaA in MRSA N315, elevated MRSA-reduced mice survival rate, and differentially modulated the inflammatory cytokine levels in MRSA-infected mice. Collectively, luteolin inhibits biofilm formation and cytotoxicity of MRSA via blocking the bacterial toxin synthesis.
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Murad AM, Brognaro H, Falke S, Lindner J, Perbandt M, Mudogo C, Schubert R, Wrenger C, Betzel C. Structure and activity of the DHNA Coenzyme-A Thioesterase from Staphylococcus aureus providing insights for innovative drug development. Sci Rep 2022; 12:4313. [PMID: 35279696 PMCID: PMC8918352 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-08281-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Humanity is facing an increasing health threat caused by a variety of multidrug resistant bacteria. Within this scenario, Staphylococcus aureus, in particular methicillin resistant S. aureus (MRSA), is responsible for a number of hospital-acquired bacterial infections. The emergence of microbial antibiotic resistance urgently requires the identification of new and innovative strategies to treat antibiotic resistant microorganisms. In this context, structure and function analysis of potential drug targets in metabolic pathways vital for bacteria endurance, such as the vitamin K2 synthesis pathway, becomes interesting. We have solved and refined the crystal structure of the S. aureus DHNA thioesterase (SaDHNA), a key enzyme in the vitamin K2 pathway. The crystallographic structure in combination with small angle X-ray solution scattering data revealed a functional tetramer of SaDHNA. Complementary activity assays of SaDHNA indicated a preference for hydrolysing long acyl chains. Site-directed mutagenesis of SaDHNA confirmed the functional importance of Asp16 and Glu31 for thioesterase activity and substrate binding at the putative active site, respectively. Docking studies were performed and rational designed peptides were synthesized and tested for SaDHNA inhibition activity. The high-resolution structure of SaDHNA and complementary information about substrate binding will support future drug discovery and design investigations to inhibit the vitamin K2 synthesis pathway.
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Lomelí-Rosales DA, Zamudio-Ojeda A, Reyes-Maldonado OK, López-Reyes ME, Basulto-Padilla GC, Lopez-Naranjo EJ, Zuñiga-Mayo VM, Velázquez-Juárez G. Green Synthesis of Gold and Silver Nanoparticles Using Leaf Extract of Capsicum chinense Plant. Molecules 2022; 27:1692. [PMID: 35268794 PMCID: PMC8911899 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27051692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Revised: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
So far, several studies have focused on the synthesis of metallic nanoparticles making use of extracts from the fruit of the plants from the genus Capsicum. However, as the fruit is the edible, and highly commercial, part of the plant, in this work we focused on the leaves, a part of the plant that is considered agro-industrial waste. The biological synthesis of gold (AuNPs) and silver (AgNPs) nanoparticles using aqueous extracts of root, stem and leaf of Capsicum chinense was evaluated, obtaining the best results with the leaf extract. Gold and silver nanoparticles synthesized using leaf extract (AuNPs-leaf and AgNPs-leaf, respectively) were characterized by UV-visible spectrophotometry (UV-Vis), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy with Attenuated Total Reflection (FTIR-ATR), X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS), Ultra Hight Resolution Scanning Electron Microscopy coupled to Energy-Dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (UHR-SEM-EDX) and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), and tested for their antioxidant and antimicrobial activities. In addition, different metabolites involved in the synthesis of nanoparticles were analyzed. We found that by the use of extracts derived from the leaf, we could generate stable and easy to synthesize AuNPs and AgNPs. The AuNPs-leaf were synthesized using microwave radiation, while the AgNPs-leaf were synthesized using UV light radiation. The antioxidant activity of the extract, determined by ABTS, showed a decrease of 44.7% and 60.7% after the synthesis of the AuNPs-leaf and AgNPs-leaf, respectively. After the AgNPs-leaf synthesis, the concentration of polyphenols, reducing sugars and amino acids decreased by 15.4%, 38.7% and 46.8% in the leaf extract, respectively, while after the AuNPs-leaf synthesis only reducing sugars decreased by 67.7%. These results suggest that these groups of molecules are implicated in the reduction/stabilization of the nanoparticles. Although the contribution of these compounds in the synthesis of the AuNPs-leaf and the AgNPs-leaf was different. Finally, the AgNPs-leaf inhibited the growth of S. aureus, E. coli, S. marcescens and E. faecalis. All of them are bacterial strains of clinical importance due to their fast antibiotic resistance development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Alberto Lomelí-Rosales
- Departamento de Química, Centro Universitario de Ciencias Exactas e Ingenierías, Universidad de Guadalajara, Blvd. Marcelino García Barragán #1421, Guadalajara 44430, Jalisco, Mexico; (D.A.L.-R.); (O.K.R.-M.); (M.E.L.-R.); (G.C.B.-P.)
| | - Adalberto Zamudio-Ojeda
- Departamento de Física, Centro Universitario de Ciencias Exactas e Ingenierías, Universidad de Guadalajara, Blvd. Marcelino García Barragán #1421, Guadalajara 44430, Jalisco, Mexico;
| | - Oscar Kevin Reyes-Maldonado
- Departamento de Química, Centro Universitario de Ciencias Exactas e Ingenierías, Universidad de Guadalajara, Blvd. Marcelino García Barragán #1421, Guadalajara 44430, Jalisco, Mexico; (D.A.L.-R.); (O.K.R.-M.); (M.E.L.-R.); (G.C.B.-P.)
| | - Morelia Eunice López-Reyes
- Departamento de Química, Centro Universitario de Ciencias Exactas e Ingenierías, Universidad de Guadalajara, Blvd. Marcelino García Barragán #1421, Guadalajara 44430, Jalisco, Mexico; (D.A.L.-R.); (O.K.R.-M.); (M.E.L.-R.); (G.C.B.-P.)
| | - Georgina Cristina Basulto-Padilla
- Departamento de Química, Centro Universitario de Ciencias Exactas e Ingenierías, Universidad de Guadalajara, Blvd. Marcelino García Barragán #1421, Guadalajara 44430, Jalisco, Mexico; (D.A.L.-R.); (O.K.R.-M.); (M.E.L.-R.); (G.C.B.-P.)
| | - Edgar José Lopez-Naranjo
- Departamento de Ingeniería de Proyectos, Universidad de Guadalajara, José Guadalupe Zuno # 48, Zapopan 45101, Jalisco, Mexico;
| | - Víctor Manuel Zuñiga-Mayo
- CONACyT-Instituto de Fitosanidad, Colegio de Postgraduados, Campus Montecillo, Texcoco 56230, Estado de México, Mexico
| | - Gilberto Velázquez-Juárez
- Departamento de Química, Centro Universitario de Ciencias Exactas e Ingenierías, Universidad de Guadalajara, Blvd. Marcelino García Barragán #1421, Guadalajara 44430, Jalisco, Mexico; (D.A.L.-R.); (O.K.R.-M.); (M.E.L.-R.); (G.C.B.-P.)
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