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Mohamed SMA, Schofield P, McCalmont H, Moles E, Friedrich KH, Kavallaris M, Christ D, Bayat N, Lock RB. An antibody fragment-decorated liposomal conjugate targets Philadelphia-like acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 254:127596. [PMID: 37898250 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.127596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/30/2023]
Abstract
Philadelphia-like acute lymphoblastic leukemia (Ph-like ALL) is an aggressive B-ALL malignancy associated with high rates of relapse and inferior survival rate. While targeted treatments against the cell surface proteins CD22 or CD19 have been transformative in the treatment of refractory B-ALL, patients may relapse due to antigen loss, necessitating targeting alternative antigens. Cytokine receptor-like factor 2 (CRLF2) is overexpressed in half of Ph-like ALL cases conferring chemoresistance and enhancement of leukemia cell survival. Therefore, targeting CRLF2 may reduce the likelihood of relapse associated with antigen loss. We developed a CRLF2-targeting single-chain variable fragment modified by the fragment crystallizable region (CRLF2 scFv-Fc) conjugated to a drug maytansinoid 1 (DM1)-DOPC liposomal conjugate, creating homogeneous CRLF2-targeted liposomes (CRLF2-DM1 LIP). Cellular association and internalization studies in a Ph-like ALL cell line, MHH-CALL-4, compared to its lentivirally transduced CRLF2-knockdown counterpart (KD-CALL-4) revealed excellent CRLF2-targeting efficiency of CRLF2-DM1 LIP. Moreover, CRLF2-DM1 LIP showed selective association and internalization ex vivo using Ph-like ALL patient-derived xenograft (PDX) cells with minimal reactivity with non-target cells. Cell apoptosis assays demonstrated the CRLF2-dependent potency of CRLF2-DM1 LIP in Ph-like ALL cell lines. This study is the first to highlight the therapeutic potential of a CRLF2-directed scFv-Fc-liposomal conjugate for targeting Ph-like ALL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara M A Mohamed
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia; School of Clinical Medicine, UNSW Medicine & Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia; UNSW Centre for Childhood Cancer Research, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Peter Schofield
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW, Australia; St.Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Hannah McCalmont
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Ernest Moles
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia; School of Clinical Medicine, UNSW Medicine & Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia; UNSW Centre for Childhood Cancer Research, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Australian Centre for Nanomedicine, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia; UNSW RNA Institute, UNSW Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | | | - Maria Kavallaris
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia; School of Clinical Medicine, UNSW Medicine & Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia; UNSW Centre for Childhood Cancer Research, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Australian Centre for Nanomedicine, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia; UNSW RNA Institute, UNSW Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Daniel Christ
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW, Australia; St.Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Narges Bayat
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia; School of Clinical Medicine, UNSW Medicine & Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia; UNSW Centre for Childhood Cancer Research, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Richard B Lock
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia; School of Clinical Medicine, UNSW Medicine & Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia; UNSW Centre for Childhood Cancer Research, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
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Khodir WKWA, Ismail MW, Hamid SA, Daik R, Susanti D, Taher M, Guarino V. Synthesis and Characterization of Ciprofloxacin Loaded Star-Shaped Polycaprolactone-Polyethylene Glycol Hydrogels for Oral Delivery. MICROMACHINES 2023; 14:1382. [PMID: 37512693 PMCID: PMC10383659 DOI: 10.3390/mi14071382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Revised: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
The administration of poorly water-soluble drugs represents a relevant problem due to the low body fluids transport efficiency through hydrophilic hydrogels. Star-shaped co-polymers, i.e., amphiphilic polymers such as those with a hydrophobic core and a hydrophilic outer shell, can be used to improve weak interactions with drugs, with relevant benefits in terms of administration and controlled delivery. In this work, two different co-polymers, four-arm star-shaped PCL-PEG and six-arm star-shaped PCL-PEG, were synthesized via ring-opening polymerization to be loaded with ciprofloxacin. 1H-NMR and FTIR analyses confirmed that PCL arms were successfully grafted to the mPEG backbone, while DSC analysis indicated similar crystallinity and melting point, ranging from 56 to 60 °C, independent of the different co-polymer architecture. Therefore, both star-shaped PCL-PEGs were investigated as cargo device for ciprofloxacin. No significant differences were observed in terms of drug entrapment efficiency (>95%) and drug release, characterized by a pronounced burst followed by a slow sustained release, only slightly affected by the co-polymer architecture. This result was also confirmed with curve fitting via the Korsmeyer-Peppas model. Lastly, good antibacterial properties and biocompatibility exhibited in both star-shaped PCL-PEG co-polymers suggest a promising use for oral delivery applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan Khartini Wan Abdul Khodir
- Department of Chemistry, Kulliyyah of Science, International Islamic University Malaysia Kuantan Campus, Bandar Indera Mahkota, Kuantan 25200, Pahang, Malaysia
- Synthetic and Functional Materials Research Group (SYNTOF), Kulliyyah of Science, International Islamic University Malaysia Kuantan Campus, Bandar Indera Mahkota, Kuantan 25200, Pahang, Malaysia
| | - Mohamad Wafiuddin Ismail
- Department of Chemistry, Kulliyyah of Science, International Islamic University Malaysia Kuantan Campus, Bandar Indera Mahkota, Kuantan 25200, Pahang, Malaysia
| | - Shafida Abd Hamid
- Department of Chemistry, Kulliyyah of Science, International Islamic University Malaysia Kuantan Campus, Bandar Indera Mahkota, Kuantan 25200, Pahang, Malaysia
- Synthetic and Functional Materials Research Group (SYNTOF), Kulliyyah of Science, International Islamic University Malaysia Kuantan Campus, Bandar Indera Mahkota, Kuantan 25200, Pahang, Malaysia
| | - Rusli Daik
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Science & Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Deny Susanti
- Department of Chemistry, Kulliyyah of Science, International Islamic University Malaysia Kuantan Campus, Bandar Indera Mahkota, Kuantan 25200, Pahang, Malaysia
| | - Muhammad Taher
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Kulliyyah of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Malaysia Kuantan Campus, Bandar Indera Mahkota, Kuantan 25200, Pahang, Malaysia
| | - Vincenzo Guarino
- Institute of Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials, National Research Council of Italy, Mostra d'Oltremare Pad.20, V.le J.F.Kennedy 54, 80125 Naples, Italy
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Pinto IS, Cordeiro RA, Faneca H. Polymer- and lipid-based gene delivery technology for CAR T cell therapy. J Control Release 2023; 353:196-215. [PMID: 36423871 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2022.11.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Chimeric antigen receptor T cell (CAR T cell) therapy is a revolutionary approach approved by the FDA and EMA to treat B cell malignancies and multiple myeloma. The production of these T cells has been done through viral vectors, which come with safety concerns, high cost and production challenges, and more recently also through electroporation, which can be extremely cytotoxic. In this context, nanosystems can constitute an alternative to overcome the challenges associated with current methods, resulting in a safe and cost-effective platform. However, the barriers associated with T cells transfection show that the design and engineering of novel approaches in this field are highly imperative. Here, we present an overview from CAR constitution to transfection technologies used in T cells, highlighting the lipid- and polymer-based nanoparticles as a potential delivery platform. Specifically, we provide examples, strengths and weaknesses of nanosystem formulations, and advances in nanoparticle design to improve transfection of T cells. This review will guide the researchers in the design and development of novel nanosystems for next-generation CAR T therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inês S Pinto
- CNC - Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal; Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, Agra do Castro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Rosemeyre A Cordeiro
- CNC - Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal; Institute of Interdisciplinary Research (III), University of Coimbra, Casa Costa Alemão - Pólo II, 3030-789 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Henrique Faneca
- CNC - Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal; Institute of Interdisciplinary Research (III), University of Coimbra, Casa Costa Alemão - Pólo II, 3030-789 Coimbra, Portugal.
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Sustained endosomal release of a neurokinin-1 receptor antagonist from nanostars provides long-lasting relief of chronic pain. Biomaterials 2022; 285:121536. [PMID: 35533442 PMCID: PMC10064865 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2022.121536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Revised: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Soft polymer nanoparticles designed to disassemble and release an antagonist of the neurokinin 1 receptor (NK1R) in endosomes provide efficacious yet transient relief from chronic pain. These micellar nanoparticles are unstable and rapidly release cargo, which may limit the duration of analgesia. We examined the efficacy of stable star polymer nanostars containing the NK1R antagonist aprepitant-amine for the treatment of chronic pain in mice. Nanostars continually released cargo for 24 h, trafficked through the endosomal system, and disrupted NK1R endosomal signaling. After intrathecal injection, nanostars accumulated in endosomes of spinal neurons. Nanostar-aprepitant reversed mechanical, thermal and cold allodynia and normalized nociceptive behavior more efficaciously than free aprepitant in preclinical models of neuropathic and inflammatory pain. Analgesia was maintained for >10 h. The sustained endosomal delivery of antagonists from slow-release nanostars provides effective and long-lasting reversal of chronic pain.
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Zhang Y, Almazi JG, Ong HX, Johansen MD, Ledger S, Traini D, Hansbro PM, Kelleher AD, Ahlenstiel CL. Nanoparticle Delivery Platforms for RNAi Therapeutics Targeting COVID-19 Disease in the Respiratory Tract. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:2408. [PMID: 35269550 PMCID: PMC8909959 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23052408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Revised: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Since December 2019, a pandemic of COVID-19 disease, caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has rapidly spread across the globe. At present, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has issued emergency approval for the use of some antiviral drugs. However, these drugs still have limitations in the specific treatment of COVID-19, and as such, new treatment strategies urgently need to be developed. RNA-interference-based gene therapy provides a tractable target for antiviral treatment. Ensuring cell-specific targeted delivery is important to the success of gene therapy. The use of nanoparticles (NPs) as carriers for the delivery of small interfering RNA (siRNAs) to specific tissues or organs of the human body could play a crucial role in the specific therapy of severe respiratory infections, such as COVID-19. In this review, we describe a variety of novel nanocarriers, such as lipid NPs, star polymer NPs, and glycogen NPs, and summarize the pre-clinical/clinical progress of these nanoparticle platforms in siRNA delivery. We also discuss the application of various NP-capsulated siRNA as therapeutics for SARS-CoV-2 infection, the challenges with targeting these therapeutics to local delivery in the lung, and various inhalation devices used for therapeutic administration. We also discuss currently available animal models that are used for preclinical assessment of RNA-interference-based gene therapy. Advances in this field have the potential for antiviral treatments of COVID-19 disease and could be adapted to treat a range of respiratory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Zhang
- Kirby Institute, UNSW, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia; (Y.Z.); (S.L.); (A.D.K.)
| | - Juhura G. Almazi
- Respiratory Technology, Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW 2037, Australia; (J.G.A.); (H.X.O.); (D.T.)
- Macquarie Medical School, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Ryde, NSW 2109, Australia
| | - Hui Xin Ong
- Respiratory Technology, Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW 2037, Australia; (J.G.A.); (H.X.O.); (D.T.)
- Macquarie Medical School, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Ryde, NSW 2109, Australia
| | - Matt D. Johansen
- Centre for Inflammation, Faculty of Science, Centenary Institute and University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2050, Australia; (M.D.J.); (P.M.H.)
| | - Scott Ledger
- Kirby Institute, UNSW, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia; (Y.Z.); (S.L.); (A.D.K.)
| | - Daniela Traini
- Respiratory Technology, Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW 2037, Australia; (J.G.A.); (H.X.O.); (D.T.)
- Macquarie Medical School, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Ryde, NSW 2109, Australia
| | - Philip M. Hansbro
- Centre for Inflammation, Faculty of Science, Centenary Institute and University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2050, Australia; (M.D.J.); (P.M.H.)
| | - Anthony D. Kelleher
- Kirby Institute, UNSW, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia; (Y.Z.); (S.L.); (A.D.K.)
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Dao NV, Ercole F, Li Y, Davis TP, Kaminskas LM, Sloan EK, Quinn JF, Whittaker MR. Nitroxide-functional PEGylated nanostars arrest cellular oxidative stress and exhibit preferential accumulation in co-cultured breast cancer cells. J Mater Chem B 2021; 9:7805-7820. [PMID: 34586131 DOI: 10.1039/d1tb00812a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The limited application of traditional antioxidants to reducing elevated levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) is potentially due to their lack of stability and biocompatibility when tested in a biological milieu. For instance, the poor biological antioxidant performance of small molecular nitroxides arises from their limited diffusion across cell membranes and their significant side effects when applied at high doses. Herein, we describe the use of nanostructured carriers to improve the antioxidant activity of a typical nitroxide derivative, (2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-1-yl)oxyl (TEMPO). Polymers with star-shaped structures were synthesised and were further conjugated to TEMPO moieties via amide linkages. The TEMPO-loaded stars have small hydrodynamic sizes (<20 nm), and are better tolerated by cells than free TEMPO in a breast cancer-fibroblast co-culture, a system exhibiting elevated ROS levels. At a well-tolerated concentration, the polymer with the highest TEMPO-loading capacity successfully downregulated ROS production in co-cultured cells (a significant decrease of up to 50% vs. basal ROS levels), which was accompanied by a specific reduction in superoxide anion generation in the mitochondria. In contrast, the equivalent concentration of free TEMPO did not achieve the same outcome. Further investigation showed that the TEMPO-conjugated star polymers can be recycled inside the cells, thus providing longer term scavenging activity. Cell association studies demonstrated that the polymers can be taken up by both cell types in the co-culture, and are found to co-locate with the mitochondria. Interestingly the stars exhibited preferential mitochodria targeting in the co-cultured cancer cells compared to accompanying fibroblasts. The data suggest the potential of TEMPO-conjugated star polymers to arrest oxidative stress for various applications in cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nam V Dao
- Australian Research Council - Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics Theme, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia. .,Department of Physical Chemistry and Physics, Hanoi University of Pharmacy, Hanoi 10000, Vietnam
| | - Francesca Ercole
- Australian Research Council - Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics Theme, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia.
| | - Yuhuan Li
- Australian Research Council - Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics Theme, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia. .,Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Thomas P Davis
- Australian Research Council - Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics Theme, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia. .,Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Lisa M Kaminskas
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Erica K Sloan
- Drug Discovery Biology Theme, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia.,Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Division of Surgery, Melbournem, VIC 3000, Australia
| | - John F Quinn
- Australian Research Council - Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics Theme, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia. .,Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Monash University, Wellington Road, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Michael R Whittaker
- Australian Research Council - Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics Theme, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia.
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Grosso R, de-Paz MV. Thiolated-Polymer-Based Nanoparticles as an Avant-Garde Approach for Anticancer Therapies-Reviewing Thiomers from Chitosan and Hyaluronic Acid. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:854. [PMID: 34201403 PMCID: PMC8227107 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13060854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Revised: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Thiomers (or thiolated polymers) have broken through as avant-garde approaches in anticancer therapy. Their distinguished reactivity and properties, closely linked to their final applications, justify the extensive research conducted on their preparation and use as smart drug-delivery systems (DDSs). Multiple studies have demonstrated that thiomer-rich nanoformulations can overcome major drawbacks found when administering diverse active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs), especially in cancer therapy. This work focuses on providing a complete and concise review of the synthetic tools available to thiolate cationic and anionic polymers, in particular chitosan (CTS) and hyaluronic acid (HA), respectively, drawing attention to the most successful procedures. Their chemical reactivity and most relevant properties regarding their use in anticancer formulations are also discussed. In addition, a variety of NP formation procedures are outlined, as well as their use in cancer therapy, particularly for taxanes and siRNA. It is expected that the current work could clarify the main synthetic strategies available, with their scope and drawbacks, as well as provide some insight into thiomer chemistry. Therefore, this review can inspire new research strategies in the development of efficient formulations for the treatment of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - M.-Violante de-Paz
- Departamento Química Orgánica y Farmacéutica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Sevilla, 41012 Sevilla, Spain;
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