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Monin A, Didier R, Leclercq T, Chagué F, Rochette L, Danchin N, Zeller M, Fauchier L, Cochet A, Cottin Y. Coronary artery embolism and acute coronary syndrome: A critical appraisal of existing data. Trends Cardiovasc Med 2024; 34:50-56. [PMID: 35868593 DOI: 10.1016/j.tcm.2022.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Revised: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
The occurrence of coronary artery embolism (CE) has been associated with various clinical conditions, including aortic and mitral prosthetic heart valve implantation, atrial fibrillation (AF), dilated cardiomyopathy, neoplasia, infective endocarditis, atrial septal defect, cardiac tumors, and hypercoagulable states. CE is also a rare cause of myocardial infarction (MI), with a prevalence of about 5%, a figure probably underestimated. The purpose of this article was to determine the current state of knowledge on acute coronary syndrome (ACS) related to CE. We thus performed a comprehensive structured literature search of the MEDLINE database for articles published between 1 January 1990 and 31 December 2021. The diagnosis of CE remains difficult despite the currently used Shibata classification, which is based on major criteria, including angiographic characteristics: globular filling defects, saddle thrombi or multiple filling defects and absence of atherosclerosis in the coronary arteries. Suspected or confirmed CE requires the identification of an etiology. There are only two published series on CE, including about 50 cases each. The three main causes in these series were: 1) atrial fibrillation (73% vs 28.3%), 2) cardiomyopathy (9.4% vs 25%) and 3) malignancy (9.6% vs 15.1%). Finally, 26.3% of the MI patients with CE had no identifiable cause of CE. When anatomically possible, analyzing the thrombus after thrombectomy may help. MI due to CE requires systematic assessment of other locations, i.e. multiple coronary and extracardiac locations. Simultaneous systemic embolization to the brain (67%), limbs (25%), kidneys (25%) or spleen (4%) is frequent, occurring in approximately 25% of CE-related MI. In the setting of acute MI, CE is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Coronary artery thromboembolism is a rare, non-atherosclerotic, cause of ACS, and prospective studies are needed to evaluate a systematic diagnostic approach and personalized therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antoine Monin
- Department of Cardiology, University Teaching Hospital of Dijon Bourgogne, Dijon, France
| | - Romain Didier
- Department of Cardiology, University Teaching Hospital of Dijon Bourgogne, Dijon, France
| | - Thibault Leclercq
- Department of Cardiology, University Teaching Hospital of Dijon Bourgogne, Dijon, France
| | - Frédéric Chagué
- Department of Cardiology, University Teaching Hospital of Dijon Bourgogne, Dijon, France
| | - Luc Rochette
- PEC2, EA 7460, University of Burgundy, Dijon, France
| | - Nicolas Danchin
- Department of Cardiology, University Teaching Hospital of Georges Pompidou, Paris, France
| | - Marianne Zeller
- Department of Cardiology, University Teaching Hospital of Dijon Bourgogne, Dijon, France; PEC2, EA 7460, University of Burgundy, Dijon, France
| | - Laurent Fauchier
- Department of Cardiology, University Teaching Hospital of Trousseau and François Rabelais University, Tours, France
| | - Alexandre Cochet
- Department of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, University Teaching Hospital of Dijon Bourgogne, Dijon, France
| | - Yves Cottin
- Department of Cardiology, University Teaching Hospital of Dijon Bourgogne, Dijon, France.
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Scotti L, da Silva PR, Monteiro AFM, de Araújo RSA, do Nascimento VL, Monteiro KLC, de Aquino TM, Dos Santos Silva WF, da Silva Junior EF, Scotti MT, Mendonça Junior FJB. The Multitarget Action of Vitamins in the Ischemic Stroke. Curr Top Med Chem 2024; 24:2465-2488. [PMID: 39301898 DOI: 10.2174/0115680266316939240909070627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2024] [Revised: 08/08/2024] [Accepted: 08/19/2024] [Indexed: 09/22/2024]
Abstract
A stroke, also known as a cerebral hemorrhage, occurs when there is an interruption in the blood supply to a part of the brain, resulting in damage to brain cells. This issue is one of the leading causes of death in developed countries, currently killing about 5 million people annually. Individuals who survive ischemic stroke often face serious vision problems, paralysis, dementia, and other sequelae. The numerous efforts to prevent and/or treat stroke sequelae seem insufficient, which is concerning given the increasing global elderly population and the well-known association between aging and stroke risk. In this review, we aim to present and discuss the importance of vitamins in stroke prevention and/or incidence. Vitamins from diet or dietary supplements influence the body at various levels; they are a relevant factor but are reported only in isolated articles. This review reports and updates the multitarget role of vitamins involved in reducing stroke risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luciana Scotti
- Post-Graduate Program in Natural and Synthetic Bioactive Compounds, Federal University of Paraíba (UFPB), João Pessoa, Paraiba, Brazil
| | - Pablo Rayff da Silva
- Postgraduate Program in Dentistry, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brazil
| | - Alex France M Monteiro
- Post-Graduate Program in Natural and Synthetic Bioactive Compounds, Federal University of Paraíba (UFPB), João Pessoa, Paraiba, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Federal Rural University of Pernambuco, Campus I-Recife/PE, Brazil
| | | | - Vanessa Lima do Nascimento
- Research Group on Therapeutic Strategies - GPET, Institute of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Federal University of Alagoas (UFAL), Maceió, Brazil
| | - Kadja Luana Chagas Monteiro
- Research Group on Therapeutic Strategies - GPET, Institute of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Federal University of Alagoas (UFAL), Maceió, Brazil
| | - Thiago Mendonça de Aquino
- Research Group on Therapeutic Strategies - GPET, Institute of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Federal University of Alagoas (UFAL), Maceió, Brazil
| | - Wadja Feitosa Dos Santos Silva
- Research Group on Therapeutic Strategies - GPET, Institute of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Federal University of Alagoas (UFAL), Maceió, Brazil
| | - Edeildo Ferreira da Silva Junior
- Research Group on Therapeutic Strategies - GPET, Institute of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Federal University of Alagoas (UFAL), Maceió, Brazil
| | - Marcus T Scotti
- Post-Graduate Program in Natural and Synthetic Bioactive Compounds, Federal University of Paraíba (UFPB), João Pessoa, Paraiba, Brazil
| | - Francisco Jaime Bezerra Mendonça Junior
- Post-Graduate Program in Natural and Synthetic Bioactive Compounds, Federal University of Paraíba (UFPB), João Pessoa, Paraiba, Brazil
- Laboratory of Synthesys and Drug Delivery - LSVM, State University of Paraíba (UEPB), João Pessoa, Brazil
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Ungvari A, Gulej R, Csik B, Mukli P, Negri S, Tarantini S, Yabluchanskiy A, Benyo Z, Csiszar A, Ungvari Z. The Role of Methionine-Rich Diet in Unhealthy Cerebrovascular and Brain Aging: Mechanisms and Implications for Cognitive Impairment. Nutrients 2023; 15:4662. [PMID: 37960316 PMCID: PMC10650229 DOI: 10.3390/nu15214662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 10/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
As aging societies in the western world face a growing prevalence of vascular cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease (AD), understanding their underlying causes and associated risk factors becomes increasingly critical. A salient concern in the western dietary context is the high consumption of methionine-rich foods such as red meat. The present review delves into the impact of this methionine-heavy diet and the resultant hyperhomocysteinemia on accelerated cerebrovascular and brain aging, emphasizing their potential roles in cognitive impairment. Through a comprehensive exploration of existing evidence, a link between high methionine intake and hyperhomocysteinemia and oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, inflammation, and accelerated epigenetic aging is drawn. Moreover, the microvascular determinants of cognitive deterioration, including endothelial dysfunction, reduced cerebral blood flow, microvascular rarefaction, impaired neurovascular coupling, and blood-brain barrier (BBB) disruption, are explored. The mechanisms by which excessive methionine consumption and hyperhomocysteinemia might drive cerebromicrovascular and brain aging processes are elucidated. By presenting an intricate understanding of the relationships among methionine-rich diets, hyperhomocysteinemia, cerebrovascular and brain aging, and cognitive impairment, avenues for future research and potential therapeutic interventions are suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Ungvari
- Department of Public Health, Semmelweis University, 1089 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Rafal Gulej
- Vascular Cognitive Impairment, Neurodegeneration and Healthy Brain Aging Program, Department of Neurosurgery, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA; (R.G.); (B.C.); (P.M.); (S.N.); (S.T.); (A.Y.); (A.C.); (Z.U.)
- Oklahoma Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain Aging, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
| | - Boglarka Csik
- Vascular Cognitive Impairment, Neurodegeneration and Healthy Brain Aging Program, Department of Neurosurgery, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA; (R.G.); (B.C.); (P.M.); (S.N.); (S.T.); (A.Y.); (A.C.); (Z.U.)
- Oklahoma Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain Aging, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
- International Training Program in Geroscience, Department of Public Health, Doctoral School of Basic and Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, 1089 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Peter Mukli
- Vascular Cognitive Impairment, Neurodegeneration and Healthy Brain Aging Program, Department of Neurosurgery, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA; (R.G.); (B.C.); (P.M.); (S.N.); (S.T.); (A.Y.); (A.C.); (Z.U.)
- Oklahoma Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain Aging, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
- International Training Program in Geroscience, Department of Public Health, Doctoral School of Basic and Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, 1089 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Sharon Negri
- Vascular Cognitive Impairment, Neurodegeneration and Healthy Brain Aging Program, Department of Neurosurgery, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA; (R.G.); (B.C.); (P.M.); (S.N.); (S.T.); (A.Y.); (A.C.); (Z.U.)
- Oklahoma Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain Aging, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
| | - Stefano Tarantini
- Vascular Cognitive Impairment, Neurodegeneration and Healthy Brain Aging Program, Department of Neurosurgery, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA; (R.G.); (B.C.); (P.M.); (S.N.); (S.T.); (A.Y.); (A.C.); (Z.U.)
- Oklahoma Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain Aging, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
- International Training Program in Geroscience, Department of Public Health, Doctoral School of Basic and Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, 1089 Budapest, Hungary
- Stephenson Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
- Department of Health Promotion Sciences, College of Public Health, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
| | - Andriy Yabluchanskiy
- Vascular Cognitive Impairment, Neurodegeneration and Healthy Brain Aging Program, Department of Neurosurgery, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA; (R.G.); (B.C.); (P.M.); (S.N.); (S.T.); (A.Y.); (A.C.); (Z.U.)
- Oklahoma Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain Aging, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
- International Training Program in Geroscience, Department of Public Health, Doctoral School of Basic and Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, 1089 Budapest, Hungary
- Stephenson Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
- Department of Health Promotion Sciences, College of Public Health, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
| | - Zoltan Benyo
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, 1094 Budapest, Hungary;
- Cerebrovascular and Neurocognitive Disorders Research Group, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, Semmelweis University, 1094 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Anna Csiszar
- Vascular Cognitive Impairment, Neurodegeneration and Healthy Brain Aging Program, Department of Neurosurgery, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA; (R.G.); (B.C.); (P.M.); (S.N.); (S.T.); (A.Y.); (A.C.); (Z.U.)
- Oklahoma Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain Aging, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
- Stephenson Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
- Department of Health Promotion Sciences, College of Public Health, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
- International Training Program in Geroscience, Department of Translational Medicine, Doctoral School of Basic and Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, 1089 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Zoltan Ungvari
- Vascular Cognitive Impairment, Neurodegeneration and Healthy Brain Aging Program, Department of Neurosurgery, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA; (R.G.); (B.C.); (P.M.); (S.N.); (S.T.); (A.Y.); (A.C.); (Z.U.)
- Oklahoma Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain Aging, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
- International Training Program in Geroscience, Department of Public Health, Doctoral School of Basic and Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, 1089 Budapest, Hungary
- Stephenson Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
- Department of Health Promotion Sciences, College of Public Health, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
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Xu Y, Cao S, Wang SF, Hou XL, Guo SS, Gou XJ. Comparative efficacy and safety of Chinese patent medicines of acute ischemic stroke: A network meta-analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2023; 102:e35129. [PMID: 37861561 PMCID: PMC10589523 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000035129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute ischemic stroke (AIS) is characterized by high morbidity, disability, mortality, recurrence, and economic burden. Clinical trials have demonstrated that the clinical efficacy of combining oral Chinese patent medicines (CPMs) with chemical drugs (CDs) is better than that of CDs alone. In this study, we performed a network meta-analysis (NMA) of RCTs to assess the efficacy of different CPMs in combination with CDs in the treatment of AIS. METHODS Search 6 databases from the beginning to January 10, 2023. The Cochrane Risk of Bias tool assessed the methodological quality of the included studies. The NMA was then performed using the STATA 13.0 program. The surface under the cumulative ranking curve (SUCRA) probability values were applied to rank the studied treatments, and cluster analysis was used to compare the effects of CPMs between 2 different outcomes. RESULTS A total of 94 eligible RCTs, involving 9581 participants, were included in this analysis. Nine CPMs, including Nao-mai-li granule (NML), Nao-mai-tai granule (NMT), Qi-long granule (QL), Long-sheng-zhi capsule (LSZ), Nao-xin-tong capsule (NXT), Nao-xue-shu oral liquid (NXS), Tong-xin-luo capsule (TXL), Xiao-shuan-chang-rong capsule (XSCR), and Xue-shuan-xin-mai-ning capsule (XSXMN) were included. Regarding the clinical effective rate, all types of CPMs + CDs treatments were significantly better than CDs treatments alone, with significant differences among the 9 selected CPMs. Compared with CDs, results showed that NXS + CDs performed best in improving clinical effective rate [OR = 4.73; 95% CI: 1.26-17.78; (SUCRA: 76.1%)]. TXL + CDs showed the most effective effect in alleviating National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) [MD = -3.84; 95% CI: -5.23, -2.45; (SUCRA: 81.6%)]; NXT + CDs were most effective in improving Barthel index [MD = 13.05; 95% CI: 3.98-22.12; (SUCRA: 63.5%)]. Combined with other outcome indicators and the results of cluster analysis, NXS + CDs may assist in the potential optimal treatment regimen for AIS. CONCLUSION In conclusion, CPMs were found to be beneficial as adjuvant therapy in patients with AIS. Taking into account the clinical effective rate and other outcomes, NXS + CDs may be the most effective option to improve the condition of AIS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Xu
- Baoshan District Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine of Shanghai, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- School of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, Shaanxi, China
| | - Shan Cao
- Baoshan District Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine of Shanghai, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shu-fei Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xin-li Hou
- Baoshan District Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine of Shanghai, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Si-si Guo
- Baoshan District Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine of Shanghai, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao-jun Gou
- Baoshan District Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine of Shanghai, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Ischemic stroke demographics, clinical features and scales and their correlations: an exploratory study from Jordan. Future Sci OA 2022; 8:FSO809. [PMID: 36248068 PMCID: PMC9540235 DOI: 10.2144/fsoa-2022-0017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims: The authors aimed to assess the ischemic stroke risk factors and scales. Materials & methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted on patients with acute ischemic stroke (from January 2017 to December 2018). The scores of the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) at admission and discharge and of the modified Rankin Scale (mRS) and Barthel Index (BI) scale post-month of the stroke were collected. Results: Out of 376 patients, 359 were included, with a mean (standard deviation) age of 67.8 (12.2) years and male predominance (56.2%). Hyperlipidemia and hypertension were the most prevalent comorbidities (91.1% and 80.5%, respectively). The NIHSS, BI and mRS scores were worse among women, with no significant effects for comorbidities. The NIHSS scores at admission and discharge were significantly correlated with the post-month BI and mRS scores. Conclusion: The study findings suggest a complex interplay of gender, strict control and prevention of the modifiable stroke risk factors, as well as the association of neurological deficits' intensity with the functional outcomes. This study aimed to explore the demographics, the clinical risk factors and the scores of the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS), modified Rankin Scale (mRS) and Barthel Index (BI) scale at different points of time among the survivors of acute ischemic stroke at a tertiary hospital in Jordan. Also, the study aimed to investigate the differences in the scales' scores by the patients' characteristics and the correlations between these scales. Out of 376 screened patients, 359 were included. Their mean (standard deviation) age was 67.8 (12.2) years, and 56.2% were men. Compared with male participants, women scored significantly worse on the NIHSS at admission (7.61 [5.51] vs 9.47 [6.64]; p = 0.048), NIHSS at discharge (5.57 [4.72] vs 7.40 [5.88]; p = 0.028) and BI scale 1 month post-event (78.68 [28.33] vs 66.03 [35.86]; p = 0.011). The mean (standard deviation) mRS score post-month of stroke was lower in men (2.4 [1.7]) than in women (2.9 [1.9]), with a lack of statistical significance (p = 0.097). Thus, despite the male predominance in the cohort, women tended to have a more severe stroke, worse neurological impairment and poorer functional outcomes. Hyperlipidemia had the highest prevalence, sensitivity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value rates, followed by hypertension. No statistically significant differences existed in the comorbidities' NIHSS, BI scale and mRS scores. Strong and significant correlations were observed between the scores of NIHSS at admission and discharge and the BI scale and mRS scores at 1 month post-event. Thus, the authors concluded that neurological deficit severity has a potential role in predicting functioning outcomes and vice versa.
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Issa R, Gallissot F, Cochet A, Cottin Y. Hyperacute simultaneous cardiocerebral infarction related to floating thrombus in the ascending aorta: a case report. Eur Heart J Case Rep 2021; 5:ytab450. [PMID: 34888437 PMCID: PMC8652107 DOI: 10.1093/ehjcr/ytab450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Revised: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Background Ascending aortic thrombus has been reported in several case reports, often revealed by peripheral embolization, but very few revealed by cardiocerebral infarction. Moreover, there is no defined treatment strategy. Case summary An 83-year-old woman was admitted to our intensive care unit for concurrent acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and acute stroke, both with the presence of an embolism. Imaging revealed a floating thrombus in the ascending aorta. The thrombus resolved after anticoagulant therapy was administered, and there was no subsequent embolism recurrence. Discussion Floating thrombus in the ascending aorta is an unusual cause of AMI. The main mechanisms of thrombus formation include erosion of an atherosclerotic plaque, but it can also form without tissue abnormality with the probable implication of Virchow’s triad. However, the precise mechanism for thrombogenesis remains unknown. In patients with a low surgical risk, we should consider surgical treatment, especially as anticoagulant therapy does not appear to reduce the risk of arterial embolization. Thrombolysis and endovascular interventions have also proven effective in certain cases. Overall, in patients with high surgical risk, decision will have to be made on a case-by-case basis. Keywords Acute myocardial infarction • Embolic stroke • Coronary embolism • Ascending aorta thrombus • Floating thrombus • Case report
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Affiliation(s)
- Ranny Issa
- Department of Cardiology, University Teaching Hospital Burgundy, 14 rue Gaffarel, 21000, Dijon, France
| | - Felix Gallissot
- Department of Imagery, University Teaching Hospital Burgundy, 14 rue Gaffarel, 21000, Dijon, France
| | - Alexandre Cochet
- Department of Imagery, University Teaching Hospital Burgundy, 14 rue Gaffarel, 21000, Dijon, France
| | - Yves Cottin
- Department of Cardiology, University Teaching Hospital Burgundy, 14 rue Gaffarel, 21000, Dijon, France
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