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Taranrød LB, Kirkevold Ø, Pedersen I, Eriksen S. The transition of care from farm-based daycare for people with dementia: The perspective of next of kin. Int J Qual Stud Health Well-being 2023; 18:2228047. [PMID: 38016039 PMCID: PMC10291912 DOI: 10.1080/17482631.2023.2228047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 06/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of the present study was to explore the next of kin's experiences with the transition for people with dementia from a farm-based daycare (FDC) to another service in the municipality. METHODS The study has a qualitative, descriptive design. Eight semi-structured interviews with next of kin were conducted. The data were analysed in accordance with content analysis. RESULTS Through the analysis three main categories were developed: (1) Bearing the burden, (2) Being in transition, and (3) Feeling supported. The transition period was highly stressful for next of kin due to the exacerbation of their relatives' dementia symptoms. The next of kin focussed on optimizing the everyday lives of their relatives with dementia, even at the expense of their own well-being. Most participants experienced support from FDC, healthcare services and their informal network. CONCLUSIONS The study contributes important insights into the next of kin's experiences. Good quality service, close dialog, information, and support between the different part in the transition process, can be useful for the further development of services with good quality and to reduce the negative effects of care on next of kin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liv Bjerknes Taranrød
- Norwegian National Centre for Ageing and Health, Vestfold Hospital Trust, Tønsberg, Norway
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Øyvind Kirkevold
- Norwegian National Centre for Ageing and Health, Vestfold Hospital Trust, Tønsberg, Norway
- Centre for Age Related Functional Decline and Diseases (AFS) at Innlandet Hospital Trust, Hamar, Norway
- Department of Health Sciences in Gjøvik, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Gjøvik, Norway
| | - Ingeborg Pedersen
- Department of Public Health Science, Ås, Norway, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Ås, Norway
| | - Siren Eriksen
- Norwegian National Centre for Ageing and Health, Vestfold Hospital Trust, Tønsberg, Norway
- Department of Bachelor of Nursing, Lovisenberg Diaconal University College, Oslo, Norway
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Finnanger-Garshol B, Pedersen I, Patil G, Eriksen S, Ellingsen-Dalskau LH. Emotional well-being in people with dementia - A comparative study of farm-based and regular day care services in Norway. HEALTH & SOCIAL CARE IN THE COMMUNITY 2022; 30:e1734-e1745. [PMID: 34622521 DOI: 10.1111/hsc.13601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Revised: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
There is a focus on how to provide care for the increasing number of people with dementia, and day care services have been highlighted as an important service. The present study aims to provide an in-depth comparison of the emotional well-being of participants at farm-based and regular day care services related to different aspects of the care environments. We used the Maastricht Electronic Daily Life Observation-tool to observe and register aspects of the care environment at the services. Observations took place at ten farm-based day care services, with 42 participants, and seven regular day care centres, with 46 participants. Observed mood was considered an indicator for the emotional well-being of the participants and used as the primary outcome. The analyses showed a general positive mood for all participants, regardless of type of day care service. The unadjusted analyses showed more emotional well-being for the participants at farm-based day care across a range of factors compared to regular day care. The linear mixed model found that regardless of service type the activities (1) exercise and dancing, and (2) quiz, music and spiritual activities were associated with emotional well-being. In addition, social interaction, either with one person or two or more people, were also associated with emotional well-being regardless of service type. The mixed model further demonstrated an association between attending farm-based day care services and positive mood compared to regular day care services. Based on the findings social interaction and social activities seem important to emotional well-being. This highlights the social aspect of the day care services and future research should investigate how one can facilitate good social interactions at day care services. The positive association between farm-based day care services and emotional well-being may potentially reflect a positive influence of the farm setting and the farm service providers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ingeborg Pedersen
- Department of Public Health Science, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Ås, Norway
| | - Grete Patil
- Department of Public Health Science, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Ås, Norway
| | - Siren Eriksen
- National Advisory Unit for Ageing and Health, Vestfold Hospital Trust, Tønsberg, Norway
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Taranrød LB, Pedersen I, Kirkevold Ø, Eriksen S. Being sheltered from a demanding everyday life: experiences of the next of kin to people with dementia attending farm-based daycare. Int J Qual Stud Health Well-being 2021; 16:1959497. [PMID: 34338623 PMCID: PMC8330702 DOI: 10.1080/17482631.2021.1959497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Farm-based daycare (FDC) is a type of daycare service for people with dementia. The aim of the present study was to explore the next of kin's experiences with FDC and how the service may affect their daily life. METHODS The study has a qualitative, descriptive design. Eight semi-structured interviews with next of kin were conducted. The data were analysed in accordance with content analysis. RESULTS We identified three main categories: (1) I am fine when you are fine, (2) Significant aspects of the service at the farm, and (3) FDC as a part of the dementia trajectory. The findings were summarized in one overarching, latent theme: "Being sheltered from a demanding everyday life". CONCLUSIONS The findings indicate that next of kin's experience of respite is closely connected to the well-being of their relatives at the FDC and the quality of the service. FDC provides significant support through a part of the trajectory of dementia. Despite experiencing respite and support, next of kin continue to struggle with ethical and moral decisions about the futures of their relatives with dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liv Bjerknes Taranrød
- Vestfold Hospital Trust, Norwegian National Advisory Unit on Ageing and Health, Tønsberg, Norway
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ingeborg Pedersen
- Department of Public Health Science, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Ås, Ås, Norway
| | - Øyvind Kirkevold
- Vestfold Hospital Trust, Norwegian National Advisory Unit on Ageing and Health, Tønsberg, Norway
- Innlandet Hospital Trust, Centre for Age Related Functional Decline and Diseases (AFS), Hamar, Norway
- Department of Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Gjøvik, Norway
| | - Siren Eriksen
- Vestfold Hospital Trust, Norwegian National Advisory Unit on Ageing and Health, Tønsberg, Norway
- Department of Bachelor in Nursing, Lovisenberg Diaconal University College, Oslo, Norway
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Moe A, Alnes RE, Nordtug B, Blindheim K, Steinsheim G, Malmedal W. Coping with Everyday Life for Home-Dwelling Persons with Dementia: A Qualitative Study. J Multidiscip Healthc 2021; 14:909-918. [PMID: 33935500 PMCID: PMC8079245 DOI: 10.2147/jmdh.s300676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim This study aimed to gain insight into factors that influence everyday coping strategies as described by persons with early to intermediate dementia. Background Living with dementia presents difficulties coping with everyday life. This study focuses on coping with everyday life for persons with mild to moderate dementia in order to facilitate their ability to live at home. Design A qualitative study. Methods Individual interviews with 12 persons with dementia were conducted in their own homes. Findings Coping with everyday life can be influenced by the experience of the diagnostic process and by information about dementia. It can also be affected by stigmatization of persons with dementia, as well as by challenges in everyday life. In addition, challenges in receiving help may include poor continuity of services and healthcare staff with limited competence. By contrast, person-centered care led to positive experiences that supported everyday coping skills. Most of the respondents wanted to participate in day care several days a week. Other positive experiences were making new friends and participating in meaningful activities; such experiences could enhance to coping strategies. Conclusion To strengthen everyday coping for persons with dementia living at home, there is a need for openness about the disease. Follow-up for persons with dementia must be carried out by reputable professionals trained and educated in dementia care. Finally, the municipalities must have contact persons, dementia coordinator/-team, who are available for persons with dementia at the time of diagnosis position and afterwards.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aud Moe
- Centre of Care Research Central Norway, Faculty of Health Science, Nord University, Bodø, Norway
| | - Rigmor Einang Alnes
- Department of Health Sciences Ålesund, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Ålesund, Norway
| | - Bente Nordtug
- Faculty of Health Science, Nord University, Bodø, Norway
| | - Kari Blindheim
- Centre of Care Research Central Norway, Faculty of Health Science, Nord University, Bodø, Norway.,Department of Health Sciences Ålesund, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Ålesund, Norway
| | - Gunn Steinsheim
- Department of Public Health and Nursing, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway.,Centre for Development of Institutional and Home Care Services, Åfjord, Norway
| | - Wenche Malmedal
- Centre of Care Research Central Norway, Faculty of Health Science, Nord University, Bodø, Norway.,Department of Public Health and Nursing, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway
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Taranrød LB, Eriksen S, Pedersen I, Kirkevold Ø. Characteristics, Burden of Care and Quality of Life of Next of Kin of People with Dementia Attending Farm-Based Day Care in Norway: A Descriptive Cross-Sectional Study. J Multidiscip Healthc 2020; 13:1363-1373. [PMID: 33173299 PMCID: PMC7646404 DOI: 10.2147/jmdh.s268818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 09/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Caring for people with dementia is often associated with burden of care and may influence the quality of life of the next of kin. The aim of this study was to describe the characteristics of the next of kin to people with dementia attending farm-based day care service (FDC) and identify characteristics associated with burden of care and quality of life (QoL) of next of kin. Participants and Methods Ninety-four dyads of people with dementia and their next of kin were included from 25 FDCs in Norway in this descriptive cross-sectional study. The Relative Stress Scale (RSS) and the QoL–Alzheimer’s Disease Scale (QoL-AD) were used as outcomes measures. Results The participants consisted of those who lived with a person with dementia (spouse/partner, 62%) and those who did not (children), with significant differences in age, education level, work employment, perceived social support, depression symptoms, burden of care, and QoL. In multiple regression models, RSS and QoL were associated with living with the person with dementia, anxiety symptoms and perceived social support. In addition, RSS was associated with neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS) in the people with dementia. Conclusion Our findings underline the importance of obtaining knowledge about the next of kin’s burden of care and QoL, of people with dementia attending an FDC. This knowledge is essential for those responsible for providing the best possible services for the next of kin and for developing targeted interventions to support the next of kin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liv Bjerknes Taranrød
- Norwegian National Advisory Unit on Ageing and Health, Vestfold Hospital Trust, Tønsberg, Norway.,University of Oslo, Faculty of Medicine, Oslo, Norway
| | - Siren Eriksen
- Norwegian National Advisory Unit on Ageing and Health, Vestfold Hospital Trust, Tønsberg, Norway.,Department of Bachelor Education, Lovisenberg Diaconal University College, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ingeborg Pedersen
- Department of Public Health Science, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Ås, Norway
| | - Øyvind Kirkevold
- Norwegian National Advisory Unit on Ageing and Health, Vestfold Hospital Trust, Tønsberg, Norway.,Centre of Old Age Psychiatry Research, Innlandet Hospital Trust, Brumunddal, Norway.,Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Department of Health Sciences in Gjøvik, Trondheim, Norway
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Ibsen TL, Kirkevold Ø, Patil GG, Eriksen S. Dropout from farm-based day care for people with dementia in Norway: a follow-up study. BMC Geriatr 2020; 20:428. [PMID: 33109115 PMCID: PMC7590676 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-020-01826-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Farm-based day care services (FDCs) for people with dementia are intending to provide social relationships and meaningful activities in an agricultural landscape and offer respite for next of kin. As this requires a certain cognitive and physical functioning, it is of interest to investigate how this service contribute during the course of dementia. In this study we aim to explore the individual characteristics predicting dropout from FDC. Furthermore, we investigate whether the participants who drop out of the service continue to live at home with another day care service or if they move to a residential care facility. METHODS The study includes 92 people with dementia attending FDCs in Norway, assessed with standardized instruments at baseline between January 2017 and January 2018. They were followed for 1 year, and dropouts from FDC during this period were mapped. The association between individual characteristics and dropout was assessed using a Cox proportional hazards regression analysis. RESULTS Thirty-eight people stopped attending FDCs during the study. Twenty-six moved to residential care. Among the 12 who continued to live in their own homes, 9 people started in a regular day care service. Higher score on educational level and more severe dementia, as well as lower scores on social support, increased the probability of stopping FDC. CONCLUSION FDCs appeared as a service that is stable over time for most participants, as more than two-third could use the care facility until the need of residential care. The transfers within care services and levels of care seemed to be characterized by continuity. More research on the growing population of educated older adults with dementia are warranted, to facilitate for their course of care needs. Finally, extended knowledge is needed to improve the collaboration between private and public networks, such as day care services, to improve the experience of social support for people with dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
- T L Ibsen
- Norwegian National Advisory Unit on Ageing and Health (Ageing and Health), Vestfold Hospital Trust, Tønsberg, Norway. .,Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
| | - Ø Kirkevold
- Norwegian National Advisory Unit on Ageing and Health (Ageing and Health), Vestfold Hospital Trust, Tønsberg, Norway.,Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU) Department of Health Sciences in Gjøvik, Gjøvik, Norway.,Centre of Old Age Psychiatry Research, Innlandet Hospital Trust, Gjøvik, Norway
| | - G G Patil
- Department of Public Health Science, Faculty of Landscape and Society, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Ås, Norway
| | - S Eriksen
- Norwegian National Advisory Unit on Ageing and Health (Ageing and Health), Vestfold Hospital Trust, Tønsberg, Norway.,Lovisenberg Diaconal University College, Oslo, Norway
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Physical activity in people with dementia attending farm-based dementia day care - a comparative actigraphy study. BMC Geriatr 2020; 20:219. [PMID: 32571238 PMCID: PMC7310071 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-020-01618-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2019] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite public focus on the importance of physical activity and findings showing the benefits of such activity, research has shown that people with dementia are less physically active and have more sedentary behaviour compared to others in similar age groups. In Norway, there is a focus on day care services as a means to allow people with dementia to experience social, physical and cultural activities. Farm based services have been highlighted as an innovative and customized day care service, but little research has been done on physical activity and such services. This study therefor aims to investigate the potential of farm-based day care services as services that can promote physical activity for people with dementia. METHODS Actigraphy data from people with dementia attending farm-based day care services (n = 29) and people with dementia attending regular day care services (n = 107) was used to assess levels of physical activity in each group and to compare the two groups. RESULTS People attending farm-based day care had significantly higher levels of moderate activity, approximately 23 min each day, compared with persons attending ordinary day care (p = 0.048). Time spent in sedentary or light activity were similar for both groups. For the group attending farm-based day care services, days at the service, were significantly associated with less time spent in sedentary activity (p = 0.012) and more time spent in light (p < 0.001) and moderate activity (p = 0.032), and in taking more steps (p = 0.005) compared to days not at the service. CONCLUSION The findings indicate that participants in farm-based day care for people with dementia have higher levels of physical activity compared to ordinary day care and that farm-based day care increases levels of physical activity for its attendees. Farm based day care services has the potential to help their participants reach or maintain recommended levels of physical activity. Further research is needed to investigate what facilitates this increase in activity and how such knowledge could be used in all types of day care services.
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Ibsen TL, Kirkevold Ø, Patil GG, Eriksen S. People with dementia attending farm-based day care in Norway - Individual and farm characteristics associated with participants' quality of life. HEALTH & SOCIAL CARE IN THE COMMUNITY 2020; 28:1038-1048. [PMID: 31884707 DOI: 10.1111/hsc.12937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2019] [Revised: 11/29/2019] [Accepted: 12/10/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Farm-based day care for people with dementia is supposed to improve the participants quality of life by using activities and resources of the farm environment to promote mental and physical health. In this paper, we describe the characteristics of those attending farm-based day care services in Norway and explore the association between individual and farm characteristics and the quality of life. A sample of 94 people with dementia who attended farm-based day care was recruited from 25 farms between January 2017 and January 2018. The data collection was performed using standardized instruments. Information about the farms was retrieved from a former study. The association between the participants' quality of life and their individual and/or farm characteristics was examined with a linear multilevel regression model. The participants had a mean age of 76 years, 62% were men, and 68% had additional education after primary school. Most of them had mild (54.3%) or questionable dementia (18.3%). A few participants used antipsychotics (3.7%), tranquilizers (9.9%) and painkillers (13.6%), while a higher number used antidepressants (30.9%). Quality of life was associated with the experience of having social support (p = .023), a low score on depressive symptoms (p < .001), and spending time outdoors at the farm (p < .001). The variation between the farm-based day care services in the participants' reported quality of life was related to time spent outdoors at the farm. In light of the present study, it seems as farm-based day care is addressing people with dementia in an early stage, dominated by men, with quite good physical and medical condition. The strong association between quality of life and spending time outdoors underscores that facilitation for outdoor activity should be prioritized in all types of dementia care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanja L Ibsen
- Norwegian National Advisory Unit on Aging and Health (Aging and Health), Vestfold Hospital Trust, Tønsberg, Norway
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Øyvind Kirkevold
- Norwegian National Advisory Unit on Aging and Health (Aging and Health), Vestfold Hospital Trust, Tønsberg, Norway
- Department of Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Gjøvik, Norway
- Centre of Old Age Psychiatry Research, Innlandet Hospital Trust, Gjøvik, Norway
| | - Grete G Patil
- Department of Public Health Science, Faculty of Landscape and Society, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Ås, Norway
| | - Siren Eriksen
- Norwegian National Advisory Unit on Aging and Health (Aging and Health), Vestfold Hospital Trust, Tønsberg, Norway
- Faculty of Health Studies, VID Specialized University, Oslo, Norway
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