Removal of a knotted stimulating femoral nerve catheter using a saline bolus injection

Evaluation and Treatment of Entrapped Peripheral Nerve Catheters: A Case Report and Review

Methods to remove retained peripheral nerve catheters range from non-invasive techniques to open surgical procedures. This study reviews two cases requiring surgical intervention for catheter remnant removal after catheter breakage and presents a systematic review describing the diagnosis and treatment of retained perineural catheters. While still very rare, our case report and systematic review demonstrate that retained nerve catheters can occur as the result of kinking or knotting, but also from catheter breakage. We recommend risk mitigation strategies for providers placing or caring for patients with regional nerve catheters.

Effect of Arm Positioning on Entrapment of Infraclavicular Nerve Block Catheter

Continuous brachial plexus nerve block catheters are commonly inserted for postoperative analgesia after upper extremity surgery. Modifications of the insertion technique have been described to improve the safety of placing an infraclavicular brachial plexus catheter. Rarely, these catheters may become damaged or entrapped, complicating their removal. We describe a case of infraclavicular brachial plexus catheter entrapment related to differences in arm positioning during catheter placement and removal. Written authorization to obtain, use, and disclose information and images was obtained from the patient.

Use of ultrasound guidance to remove entrapped stimulating popliteal catheters

Peripheral nerve catheters are beneficial for continuous pain relief following surgery or trauma to an extremity. However, spring-loaded peripheral nerve catheters can become uncoiled and entrapped, resulting in difficulty in catheter removal. We present two cases where ultrasound guidance provided significant assistance in the safe removal of entrapped peripheral nerve catheters without neurologic sequelae. One of the catheters was adhered to nearby tissue, and one had become uncoiled and anchored in place by the distal tip. Guidelines for the safe management of entrapped catheters are suggested, including the use of saline injections through the catheter under ultrasound guidance to assist in the evaluation and removal of the catheters.