1
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Wang J, Li Z, Wang Q, Lei Z, Yuan T, Shimizu K, Zhang Z, Adachi Y, Lee DJ, Chen R. Achieving stably enhanced biological phosphorus removal from aerobic granular sludge system via phosphorus rich liquid extraction during anaerobic period. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 346:126439. [PMID: 34848332 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.126439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Revised: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In order to sustainably manage wastewater treatment plants and the environment, enhanced biological phosphorus (P) removal (EBPR) was proposed to achieve P recovery through extracting P-rich liquid (i.e., Phostrip) from the bottom of aerobic granular sludge (AGS)-based sequencing batch reactors (SBRs) under no mixing during the anaerobic phase. Results showed both tested bacterial AGS (BAGS) and algal-bacterial AGS (A-BAGS) systems stably produced low effluent P (<0.05 mg-P/L) with little impact on their organics and NH4+-N removals (>99%). The collected P-rich liquids (55-83 mg-P/L) from both systems showed great potential for P recovery of about 83.85 ± 0.57 % (BAGS) or 83.99 ± 0.77% (A-BAGS), which were contributed by the influent P (>95%) and P reserves in granules based on P balance analysis. This study suggests that the AGS-based SBRs coupling the Phostrip holds great potentials for P recovery profit and further reduction in energy consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jixiang Wang
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1, Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8572, Japan
| | - Zejiao Li
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1, Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8572, Japan
| | - Qian Wang
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1, Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8572, Japan
| | - Zhongfang Lei
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1, Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8572, Japan.
| | - Tian Yuan
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1, Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8572, Japan
| | - Kazuya Shimizu
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1, Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8572, Japan
| | - Zhenya Zhang
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1, Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8572, Japan
| | - Yasuhisa Adachi
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1, Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8572, Japan
| | - Duu-Jong Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan; Department of Mechanical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon Tang, Hong Kong
| | - Rongzhi Chen
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yuquan Road 19A, Beijing 100049, PR China
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2
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Roots P, Rosenthal A, Wang Y, Sabba F, Jia Z, Yang F, Zhang H, Kozak J, Wells G. Pushing the limits of solids retention time for enhanced biological phosphorus removal: process characteristics and Accumulibacter population structure. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2020; 82:1614-1627. [PMID: 33107855 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2020.437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Reducing the solids retention time (SRT) of the enhanced biological phosphorus removal (EBPR) process can increase organic carbon diversion to the sidestream for energy recovery, thereby realizing some of the benefits of the high rate activated sludge (HRAS) process. Determining the washout (i.e. minimum) SRT of polyphosphate accumulating organisms (PAOs), therefore, allows for simultaneous phosphorus and carbon diversion for energy recovery from EBPR systems. However, few studies have investigated the washout SRT of PAOs in real wastewater, and little is known of the diversity of PAOs in high rate EBPR systems. Here we demonstrate efficient phosphorus removal (83% orthophosphate removal) in a high rate EBPR sequencing batch reactor fed real primary effluent and operated at 20 °C. Stable operation was achieved at a total SRT of 1.8 ± 0.2 days and hydraulic retention time of 3.7-4.8 hours. 16S rRNA gene sequencing data demonstrated that Accumulibacter were the dominant PAO throughout the study, with a washout aerobic SRT between 0.8 and 1.4 days. qPCR targeting the polyphosphate kinase gene revealed that Accumulibacter clades IIA, IIB and IID dominated the PAO community at low SRT operation, while clade IA was washed out at the lowest SRT values.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Roots
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA E-mail:
| | - Alex Rosenthal
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA E-mail:
| | - Yubo Wang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA E-mail:
| | - Fabrizio Sabba
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA E-mail:
| | - Zhen Jia
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA E-mail:
| | - Fenghua Yang
- Metropolitan Water Reclamation District of Greater Chicago, 6001 W Pershing Road, Chicago, IL, 60804, USA
| | - Heng Zhang
- Metropolitan Water Reclamation District of Greater Chicago, 6001 W Pershing Road, Chicago, IL, 60804, USA
| | - Joseph Kozak
- Metropolitan Water Reclamation District of Greater Chicago, 6001 W Pershing Road, Chicago, IL, 60804, USA
| | - George Wells
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA E-mail:
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3
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Dai H, Wu Y, Peng L, Dai Z, Li X, Lu X. Effects of calcium on the performance, bacterial population and microbial metabolism of a denitrifying phosphorus removal system. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2017; 243:828-835. [PMID: 28724254 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2017.07.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2017] [Revised: 07/01/2017] [Accepted: 07/06/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
A sequencing batch reactor was operated to study the effects of influent Ca2+ on the efficiency, bacterial population, and microbial metabolism of denitrifying phosphorus removal system. Results showed that high Ca2+ loading (≥80mg/L) significantly inhibited the performance of simultaneous nitrogen and phosphorus removal. The abundance of phosphorus removal-related organisms (Dechloromonas and Candidatus Accumulibacter) decreased with increasing Ca2+ concentration from 20 to 140mg/L, while the abundance of glycogen-accumulating organisms and other bacteria increased. Metabolomic analyses revealed that the metabolic profiles of microbial community were also affected by high influent Ca2+ concentrations. 3-Hydroxybutyrate, acetate, alanine, and glutamate were the main differentiated metabolites in the system. An accumulation of amino acids and a reduction of nucleotides and amines were important response to high Ca2+ loading. Long-term Ca2+ loading had a reversible effect on the denitrifying phosphorus removal system as it could revive after a 50-day recovery process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongliang Dai
- School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, No. 2 Sipailou Road, Nanjing 210096, China; ERC Taihu Lake Water Environment (Wuxi), No. 99 Linghu Road, Wuxi 214135, China
| | - Yifeng Wu
- School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, No. 2 Sipailou Road, Nanjing 210096, China; ERC Taihu Lake Water Environment (Wuxi), No. 99 Linghu Road, Wuxi 214135, China
| | - Lihong Peng
- School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, No. 2 Sipailou Road, Nanjing 210096, China; ERC Taihu Lake Water Environment (Wuxi), No. 99 Linghu Road, Wuxi 214135, China
| | - Zheqin Dai
- School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, No. 2 Sipailou Road, Nanjing 210096, China; ERC Taihu Lake Water Environment (Wuxi), No. 99 Linghu Road, Wuxi 214135, China
| | - Xiang Li
- School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, No. 2 Sipailou Road, Nanjing 210096, China; ERC Taihu Lake Water Environment (Wuxi), No. 99 Linghu Road, Wuxi 214135, China
| | - Xiwu Lu
- School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, No. 2 Sipailou Road, Nanjing 210096, China; ERC Taihu Lake Water Environment (Wuxi), No. 99 Linghu Road, Wuxi 214135, China.
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4
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Tian WD, Ma C, Lin Y, Ran ZL. Effect of Mg/Ca molar ratios on characteristics of anaerobic-anoxic denitrifying dephosphatation. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2017; 240:94-97. [PMID: 28202304 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2017.01.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2016] [Revised: 01/26/2017] [Accepted: 01/27/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the effect of three Mg/Ca molar ratios (5.0, 3.8 and 1.7) on denitrifying phosphate removal performance, biomass morphology, and Extracellular Polymeric Substances (EPS) were examined. Results showed that when the influent Mg/Ca molar ratio was 3.8, the anaerobic-anoxic EBPR performed complete phosphate removal. The microbial bacterial population was a mixed culture comprised of 81±3% DPAO and 13±2% denitrifying glycogen accumulating organisms (DGAO). A higher influent Mg/Ca molar ratio (5.0) had a distinct impact on phosphate removal, biomass morphology, and EPS. This probably induced the deterioration of the anaerobic-anoxic Enhanced Biological Phosphorus Removal (EBPR). The results of this study may inform the proper operation of an anaerobic-anoxic EBPR, and contribute to its application in the real world.
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Affiliation(s)
- W-D Tian
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, South University of Science and Technology of China, Shenzhen 518055, PR China.
| | - C Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Tianjin Polytechnic University, Tianjin 300387, PR China; Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Connecticut, 191 Auditorium Rd. Unit 3222, Storrs, CT 06269-3222, USA
| | - Y Lin
- Department of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, Van der Maasweg 9, 2629 HZ Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Z-L Ran
- School of Transportation and Environment, Shenzhen Institute of Information Technology, Shenzhen 518172, PR China
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5
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Stokholm-Bjerregaard M, McIlroy SJ, Nierychlo M, Karst SM, Albertsen M, Nielsen PH. A Critical Assessment of the Microorganisms Proposed to be Important to Enhanced Biological Phosphorus Removal in Full-Scale Wastewater Treatment Systems. Front Microbiol 2017; 8:718. [PMID: 28496434 PMCID: PMC5406452 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.00718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 137] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2016] [Accepted: 04/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding the microbiology of phosphorus (P) removal is considered essential to knowledge-based optimization of enhanced biological P removal (EBPR) systems. Biological P removal is achieved in these systems by promoting the growth of organisms collectively known as the polyphosphate accumulating organisms (PAOs). Also considered important to EBPR are the glycogen accumulating organisms (GAOs), which are theorized to compete with the PAOs for resources at the expense of P removal efficiency. Numerous studies have sought to identify the PAOs and their GAOs competitors, with several candidates proposed for each over the last few decades. The current study collectively assessed the abundance and diversity of all proposed PAOs and GAOs in 18 Danish full-scale wastewater treatment plants with well-working biological nutrient removal over a period of 9 years using 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing. The microbial community structure in all plants was relatively stable over time. Evidence for the role of the proposed PAOs and GAOs in EBPR varies and is critically assessed, in light of their calculated amplicon abundances, to indicate which of these are important in full-scale systems. Bacteria from the genus Tetrasphaera were the most abundant of the PAOs. The “Candidatus Accumulibacter” PAOs were in much lower abundance and appear to be biased by the amplicon-based method applied. The genera Dechloromonas, Microlunatus, and Tessaracoccus were identified as abundant putative PAO that require further research attention. Interestingly, the actinobacterial Micropruina and sbr-gs28 phylotypes were among the most abundant of the putative GAOs. Members of the genera Defluviicoccus, Propionivibrio, the family Competibacteraceae, and the spb280 group were also relatively abundant in some plants. Despite observed high abundances of GAOs (periodically exceeding 20% of the amplicon reads), P removal performance was maintained, indicating that these organisms were not outcompeting the PAOs in these EBPR systems. Phylogenetic diversity within each of the PAOs and GAOs genera was observed, which is consistent with reported metabolic diversity for these. Whether or not key traits can be assigned to sub-genus level clades requires further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikkel Stokholm-Bjerregaard
- Center for Microbial Communities, Department of Chemistry and Bioscience, Aalborg UniversityAalborg, Denmark
| | - Simon J McIlroy
- Center for Microbial Communities, Department of Chemistry and Bioscience, Aalborg UniversityAalborg, Denmark
| | - Marta Nierychlo
- Center for Microbial Communities, Department of Chemistry and Bioscience, Aalborg UniversityAalborg, Denmark
| | - Søren M Karst
- Center for Microbial Communities, Department of Chemistry and Bioscience, Aalborg UniversityAalborg, Denmark
| | - Mads Albertsen
- Center for Microbial Communities, Department of Chemistry and Bioscience, Aalborg UniversityAalborg, Denmark
| | - Per H Nielsen
- Center for Microbial Communities, Department of Chemistry and Bioscience, Aalborg UniversityAalborg, Denmark
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6
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Zhang HL, Sheng GP, Fang W, Wang YP, Fang CY, Shao LM, Yu HQ. Calcium effect on the metabolic pathway of phosphorus accumulating organisms in enhanced biological phosphorus removal systems. WATER RESEARCH 2015; 84:171-180. [PMID: 26233656 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2015.07.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2014] [Revised: 07/20/2015] [Accepted: 07/24/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Phosphorus accumulating organisms (PAOs) have been found to act as glycogen-accumulating organisms (GAOs) under certain conditions, thus, the deterioration in the performance of enhanced biological phosphorus removal systems is not always attributed to the proliferation of GAOs. In this work, the effects of calcium on the metabolic pathway of PAOs were explored. It was found that when the influent Ca(2+) concentration was elevated, the tendency and extent of extracellular calcium phosphate precipitation increased, and the intracellular inert Ca-bound polyphosphate was synthesized, while the microbial population remained almost unchanged. The changes in the ratios of phosphorus released/acetate uptaken, the glycogen degraded/acetate uptaken and the poly-β-hydroxyalkanoates synthesized/acetate uptaken during the anaerobic period confirm that, as the influent Ca(2+) concentration was increased, the polyphosphate-accumulating metabolism was partially shifted to the glycogen-accumulating metabolism. At an influent Ca(2+) around 50 mg/L, in addition to the extracellular calcium phosphate precipitation, the intracellular inert Ca-bound polyphosphate synthesis might also be involved in the metabolic change of PAOs. The results of the present work would be beneficial to better understand the biochemical metabolism of PAOs in enhanced biological phosphorus removal systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Ling Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China; Institute of Materials, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang, Sichuan, 621907, China
| | - Guo-Ping Sheng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China.
| | - Wei Fang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Yong-Peng Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China; Institute of Materials, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang, Sichuan, 621907, China
| | - Cai-Yun Fang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Li-Min Shao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Han-Qing Yu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China.
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7
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Welles L, Tian WD, Saad S, Abbas B, Lopez-Vazquez CM, Hooijmans CM, van Loosdrecht MCM, Brdjanovic D. Accumulibacter clades Type I and II performing kinetically different glycogen-accumulating organisms metabolisms for anaerobic substrate uptake. WATER RESEARCH 2015; 83:354-366. [PMID: 26189167 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2015.06.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2015] [Revised: 06/22/2015] [Accepted: 06/27/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The anaerobic acetate (HAc) uptake stoichiometry of phosphorus-accumulating organisms (PAO) in enhanced biological phosphorus removal (EBPR) systems has been an extensive subject of study due to the highly variable reported stoichiometric values (e.g. anaerobic P-release/HAc-uptake ratios ranging from 0.01 up to 0.93 P-mol/C-mol). Often, such differences have been explained by the different applied operating conditions (e.g. pH) or occurrence of glycogen-accumulating organisms (GAO). The present study investigated the ability of biomass highly enriched with specific PAO clades ('Candidatus Accumulibacter phosphatis' Clade I and II, hereafter PAO I and PAO II) to adopt a GAO metabolism. Based on long-term experiments, when Poly-P is not stoichiometrically limiting for the anaerobic VFA uptake, PAO I performed the typical PAO metabolism (with a P/HAc ratio of 0.64 P-mol/C-mol); whereas PAO II performed a mixed PAO-GAO metabolism (showing a P/HAc ratio of 0.22 P-mol/C-mol). In short-term batch tests, both PAO I and II gradually shifted their metabolism to a GAO metabolism when the Poly-P content decreased, but the HAc-uptake rate of PAO I was 4 times lower than that of PAO II, indicating that PAO II has a strong competitive advantage over PAO I when Poly-P is stoichiometrically limiting the VFA uptake. Thus, metabolic flexibility of PAO clades as well as their intrinsic differences are additional factors leading to the controversial anaerobic stoichiometry and kinetic rates observed in previous studies. From a practical perspective, the dominant type of PAO prevailing in full-scale EBPR systems may affect the P-release processes for biological or combined biological and chemical P-removal and recovery and consequently the process performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Welles
- Department of Environmental Engineering and Technology, UNESCO-IHE Institute for Water Education, Westvest 7, 2611AX Delft, The Netherlands; Department of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, Julianalaan 67, 2628 BC Delft, The Netherlands.
| | - W D Tian
- Southwest Municipal Engineering Design and Research Institute of China, Shennan Road East NO. 1110, Shenzhen 518000, PR China; Department of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, Julianalaan 67, 2628 BC Delft, The Netherlands.
| | - S Saad
- Department of Environmental Engineering and Technology, UNESCO-IHE Institute for Water Education, Westvest 7, 2611AX Delft, The Netherlands; Department of Civil Engineering, Ain Shams University, 1 El Sarayat st., Abbassia, 11517 Cairo, Egypt.
| | - B Abbas
- Department of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, Julianalaan 67, 2628 BC Delft, The Netherlands.
| | - C M Lopez-Vazquez
- Department of Environmental Engineering and Technology, UNESCO-IHE Institute for Water Education, Westvest 7, 2611AX Delft, The Netherlands.
| | - C M Hooijmans
- Department of Environmental Engineering and Technology, UNESCO-IHE Institute for Water Education, Westvest 7, 2611AX Delft, The Netherlands.
| | - M C M van Loosdrecht
- KWR Watercycle Research Institute, Groningenhaven 7, 3433 PE Nieuwegein, The Netherlands; Department of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, Julianalaan 67, 2628 BC Delft, The Netherlands.
| | - D Brdjanovic
- Department of Environmental Engineering and Technology, UNESCO-IHE Institute for Water Education, Westvest 7, 2611AX Delft, The Netherlands; Department of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, Julianalaan 67, 2628 BC Delft, The Netherlands.
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8
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Acevedo B, Borrás L, Oehmen A, Barat R. Modelling the metabolic shift of polyphosphate-accumulating organisms. WATER RESEARCH 2014; 65:235-244. [PMID: 25123437 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2014.07.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2014] [Revised: 07/16/2014] [Accepted: 07/20/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Enhanced biological phosphorus removal (EBPR) is one of the most important methods of phosphorus removal in municipal wastewater treatment plants, having been described by different modelling approaches. In this process, the PAOs (polyphosphate accumulating organisms) and GAOs (glycogen accumulating organisms) compete for volatile fatty acids uptake under anaerobic conditions. Recent studies have revealed that the metabolic pathways used by PAOs in order to obtain the energy and the reducing power needed for polyhydroxyalkanoates synthesis could change depending on the amount of polyphosphate stored in the cells. The model presented in this paper extends beyond previously developed metabolic models by including the ability of PAO to change their metabolic pathways according to the content of poly-P available. The processes of the PAO metabolic model were adapted to new formulations enabling the change from P-driven VFA uptake to glycogen-driven VFA uptake using the same process equations. The stoichiometric parameters were changed from a typical PAO coefficient to a typical GAO coefficient depending on the internal poly-P with Monod-type expressions. The model was calibrated and validated with seven experiments under different internal poly-P concentrations, showing the ability to correctly represent the PAO metabolic shift at low poly-P concentrations. The sensitivity and error analysis showed that the model is robust and has the ability to describe satisfactorily the change from one metabolic pathway to the other one, thereby encompassing a wider range of process conditions found in EBPR plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Acevedo
- Instituto de Ingeniería del Agua y Medio Ambiente, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain.
| | - L Borrás
- Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Universidad de Valencia, Doctor Moliner, 50, 46100 Burjassot, Valencia, Spain.
| | - A Oehmen
- REQUIMTE/CQFB, Chemistry Department, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal.
| | - R Barat
- Instituto de Ingeniería del Agua y Medio Ambiente, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain.
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9
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Mielczarek AT, Nguyen HTT, Nielsen JL, Nielsen PH. Population dynamics of bacteria involved in enhanced biological phosphorus removal in Danish wastewater treatment plants. WATER RESEARCH 2013; 47:1529-1544. [PMID: 23317522 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2012.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2012] [Revised: 12/03/2012] [Accepted: 12/05/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The enhanced biological phosphorus removal (EBPR) process is increasingly popular as a sustainable method for removal of phosphorus (P) from wastewater. This study consisted of a comprehensive three-year investigation of the identity and population dynamics of polyphosphate-accumulating organisms (PAOs) and glycogen-accumulating organisms (GAOs) in 28 Danish municipal wastewater treatment plants with nutrient removal. Fluorescence in situ hybridization was applied to quantify ten probe-defined populations of PAO and GAO that in total constituted a large fraction (30% on average) of the entire microbial community targeted by the EUBmix probes. Two PAO genera, Accumulibacter and Tetrasphaera, were very abundant in all EBPR plants (average of 3.7% and 27% of all bacteria, respectively), and their abundance was relatively stable in the Danish full-scale plants without clear temporal variations. GAOs were occasionally present in some plants (Competibacter in 11 plants, Defluviicoccus in 6 plants) and were consistent in only a few plants. This shows that these were not core species in the EBPR communities. The total GAO abundance was always lower than that of Accumulibacter. In plants without EBPR design, the abundance of PAO and GAO was significantly lower. Competibacter correlated in general with high fraction of industrial wastewater. In specific plants Accumulibacter correlated with high C/P ratio of the wastewater and Tetrasphaera with high organic loading. Interestingly, the relative microbial composition of the PAO/GAO species was unique to each plant over time, which gives a characteristic plant-specific "fingerprint".
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Affiliation(s)
- Artur Tomasz Mielczarek
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry, and Environmental Engineering, Aalborg University, Sohngaardsholmsvej 49, DK-9000 Aalborg, Denmark
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10
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Acevedo B, Oehmen A, Carvalho G, Seco A, Borrás L, Barat R. Metabolic shift of polyphosphate-accumulating organisms with different levels of polyphosphate storage. WATER RESEARCH 2012; 46:1889-1900. [PMID: 22297158 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2012.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2011] [Revised: 12/30/2011] [Accepted: 01/06/2012] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies have shown that polyphosphate-accumulating organisms (PAOs) are able to behave as glycogen-accumulating organisms (GAOs) under different conditions. In this study we investigated the behavior of a culture enriched with Accumulibacter at different levels of polyphosphate (poly-P) storage. The results of stoichiometric ratios Gly(degraded)/HAc(uptake), PHB(synthesized)/HAc(uptake), PHV(synthesized)/HAc(uptake) and P(release)/HAc(uptake) confirmed a metabolic shift from PAO metabolism to GAO metabolism: PAOs with high poly-P content used the poly-P to obtain adenosine tri-phosphate (ATP), and glycogen (Gly) to obtain nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) and some ATP. In a test where poly-P depletion was imposed on the culture, all the acetate (HAc) added in each cycle was transformed into polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) despite the decrease of poly-P inside the cells. This led to an increase of the Gly(degraded)/HAc(uptake) ratio that resulted from a shift towards the glycolytic pathway in order to compensate for the lack of ATP formed from poly-P hydrolysis. The shift from PAO to GAO metabolism was also reflected in the change in the PHA composition as the poly-P availability decreased, suggesting that polyhydroxyvalerate (PHV) is obtained due to the consumption of excess reducing equivalents to balance the internal NADH, similarly to GAO metabolism. Fluorescence in situ hybridization analysis showed a significant PAO population change from Type I to Type II Accumulibacter as the poly-P availability decreased in short term experiments. This work suggests that poly-P storage levels and GAO-like metabolism are important factors affecting the competition between different PAO Types in enhanced biological phosphorus removal systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Acevedo
- Instituto de Ingeniería del Agua y Medio Ambiente, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain
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11
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Barat R, Montoya T, Seco A, Ferrer J. Modelling biological and chemically induced precipitation of calcium phosphate in enhanced biological phosphorus removal systems. WATER RESEARCH 2011; 45:3744-3752. [PMID: 21565382 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2011.04.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2010] [Revised: 04/12/2011] [Accepted: 04/16/2011] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
The biologically induced precipitation processes can be important in wastewater treatment, in particular treating raw wastewater with high calcium concentration combined with Enhanced Biological Phosphorus Removal. Currently, there is little information and experience in modelling jointly biological and chemical processes. This paper presents a calcium phosphate precipitation model and its inclusion in the Activated Sludge Model No 2d (ASM2d). The proposed precipitation model considers that aqueous phase reactions quickly achieve the chemical equilibrium and that aqueous-solid change is kinetically governed. The model was calibrated using data from four experiments in a Sequencing Batch Reactor (SBR) operated for EBPR and finally validated with two experiments. The precipitation model proposed was able to reproduce the dynamics of amorphous calcium phosphate (ACP) formation and later crystallization to hydroxyapatite (HAP) under different scenarios. The model successfully characterised the EBPR performance of the SBR, including the biological, physical and chemical processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Barat
- Instituto de Ingenieria del Agua y Medio Ambiente, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Camino de Vera s/n. 46022 Valencia, Spain.
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Ong Y, Chua A, Ngoh G. Establishment of Enhanced Biological Phosphorus Removal in a Sequencing Batch Reactor by using Seed Sludge from a Conventional Activated Sludge Wastewater Treatment Process. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.3923/jas.2010.2643.2647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Biomass granulation in an aerobic:anaerobic-enhanced biological phosphorus removal process in a sequencing batch reactor with varying pH. J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol 2009; 36:885-93. [DOI: 10.1007/s10295-009-0566-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2009] [Accepted: 03/16/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Barat R, Montoya T, Borrás L, Ferrer J, Seco A. Interactions between calcium precipitation and the polyphosphate-accumulating bacteria metabolism. WATER RESEARCH 2008; 42:3415-3424. [PMID: 18538819 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2008.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2007] [Revised: 04/24/2008] [Accepted: 05/05/2008] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
A sequencing batch reactor that is operated for biological phosphorus removal has been operated under different influent calcium concentrations to study the precipitation process and the possible effects of phosphorus precipitation in the biological phosphorus removal process. Four experiments were carried out under different influent calcium concentrations ranging from 10 to 90 g Ca m(-3). The experimental results and the equilibrium study, which are based on the saturation index calculation, confirm that the process controlling the calcium behaviour is the calcium phosphate precipitation. This precipitation takes place at two stages: initially, precipitation of the amorphous calcium phosphate, and later crystallization of hydroxyapatite. Also the accumulation of phosphorus precipitated was observed when the influent calcium concentration was increased. In all the experiments, the influent wastewater ratio P/COD was kept constant. It has been observed that, at high calcium concentration, the ratio between phosphate release and acetate uptake (P(rel)/Ac(uptake)) decreases. Changes in the polyphosphate-accumulating organism (PAO) population and in the glycogen-accumulating organism (GAO) population during the experimental period were ruled out by means of fluorescence in situ hybridization. These results could suggest that PAO are able to change their metabolic pathways based on external conditions, such as influent calcium concentration. The accumulation of phosphorus precipitated as calcium phosphate at high influent calcium concentration throughout the experimental period confirmed that phosphate precipitation is a process that can affect the PAO metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Barat
- Instituto de Ingeniería del Agua y Medio Ambiente, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Camino de Vera s/n, Valencia, Spain.
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