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Efficient Phosphorus Recovery from Municipal Wastewater Using Enhanced Biological Phosphorus Removal in an Anaerobic/Anoxic/Aerobic Membrane Bioreactor and Magnesium-Based Pellets. MEMBRANES 2022; 12:membranes12020210. [PMID: 35207131 PMCID: PMC8879317 DOI: 10.3390/membranes12020210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Revised: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Abstract
Municipal wastewater has been identified as a potential source of natural phosphorus (P) that is projected to become depleted in a few decades based on current exploitation rates. This paper focuses on combining a bench-scale anaerobic/anoxic/aerobic membrane bioreactor (MBR) and magnesium carbonate (MgCO3)-based pellets to effectively recover P from municipal wastewater. Ethanol was introduced into the anoxic zone of the MBR system as an external carbon source to improve P release via the enhanced biological phosphorus removal (EBPR) mechanism, making it available for adsorption by the continuous-flow MgCO3 pellet column. An increase in the concentration of P in the MBR effluent led to an increase in the P adsorption capacity of the MgCO3 pellets. As a result, the anaerobic/anoxic/aerobic MBR system, combined with a MgCO3 pellet column and ethanol, achieved 91.6% P recovery from municipal wastewater, resulting in a maximum P adsorption capacity of 12.8 mg P/g MgCO3 through the continuous-flow MgCO3 pellet column. Although the introduction of ethanol into the anoxic zone was instrumental in releasing P through the EBPR, it could potentially increase membrane fouling by increasing the concentration of extracellular polymeric substances (EPSs) in the anoxic zone.
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Kitanou S, Tahri M, Bachiri B, Mahi M, Hafsi M, Taky M, Elmidaoui A. Comparative study of membrane bioreactor (MBR) and activated sludge processes in the treatment of Moroccan domestic wastewater. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2018; 78:1129-1136. [PMID: 30339537 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2018.384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The study was based on an external pilot-scale membrane bioreactor (MBR) with a ceramic membrane compared to a conventional activated sludge process (ASP) plant. Both systems received their influent from domestic wastewater. The MBR produced an effluent of much better quality than the ASP in terms of total suspended solids (TSS), 5-day biological oxygen demand (BOD5) and chemical oxygen demand (COD), total phosphorus (TP) and total nitrogen (TN). Other effluent quality parameters also indicated substantial differences between the ASP and the MBR. This study leads to the conclusion that in the case of domestic wastewater, MBR treatment leads to excellent effluent quality. Hence, the replacement of ASP by MBR may be justified on the basis of the improved removal of solids, nutrients, and micropollutants. Furthermore, in terms of reuse the high quality of the treated water allows it to be reused for irrigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Kitanou
- Laboratory of Separation Processes, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Ibn Tofail University, P.O. Box 1246, Kenitra 14000, Morocco E-mail:
| | - M Tahri
- Laboratory of Separation Processes, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Ibn Tofail University, P.O. Box 1246, Kenitra 14000, Morocco E-mail:
| | - B Bachiri
- Laboratory of Separation Processes, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Ibn Tofail University, P.O. Box 1246, Kenitra 14000, Morocco E-mail:
| | - M Mahi
- National Office of Electricity and Drinking Water, Quality Assurance and Development Division and International Institute of Water and Sanitation, P.B. Box 10002, Rabat, Morocco
| | - M Hafsi
- National Office of Electricity and Drinking Water, Quality Assurance and Development Division and International Institute of Water and Sanitation, P.B. Box 10002, Rabat, Morocco
| | - M Taky
- Laboratory of Separation Processes, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Ibn Tofail University, P.O. Box 1246, Kenitra 14000, Morocco E-mail:
| | - A Elmidaoui
- Laboratory of Separation Processes, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Ibn Tofail University, P.O. Box 1246, Kenitra 14000, Morocco E-mail:
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Membrane Bioreactors for Wastewater Treatment. FUNDAMENTALS OF QUORUM SENSING, ANALYTICAL METHODS AND APPLICATIONS IN MEMBRANE BIOREACTORS 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.coac.2018.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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Erkan HS, Engin GO. The investigation of paper mill industry wastewater treatment and activated sludge properties in a submerged membrane bioreactor. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2017; 76:1715-1725. [PMID: 28991788 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2017.351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The paper mill industry produces high amounts of wastewater and, for this reason, stringent discharge limits are applied for sustainable reclamation and reuse of paper mill industry wastewater in many countries. Submerged membrane bioreactor (sMBR) systems can create new opportunities to eliminate dissolved substances present in paper mill wastewater including. In this study, a sMBR was operated for the treatment of paper mill industry wastewater at 35 h of hydraulic retention time (HRT) and 40 d of sludge retention time (SRT). The chemical oxygen demand (COD), NH3-N and total phosphorus (TP) removal efficiencies were found to be 98%, 92.99% and 96.36%. The results demonstrated that sMBR was a suitable treatment for the removal of organic matter and nutrients for treating paper mill wastewater except for the problem of calcium accumulation. During the experimental studies, it was noted that the inorganic fraction of the sludge increased as a result of calcium accumulation in the reactor and increased membrane fouling was observed on the membrane surface due to the calcification problem encountered. The properties of the sludge, such as extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) and soluble microbial products (SMP), relative hydrophobicity, zeta potential and floc size distribution were also monitored. According to the obtained results, the total EPS was found to be 43.93 mg/gMLSS and the average total SMP rejection by the membrane was determined as 66.2%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanife Sari Erkan
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Yildiz Technical University, Davutpasa, Esenler, Istanbul 34220, Turkey E-mail:
| | - Guleda Onkal Engin
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Yildiz Technical University, Davutpasa, Esenler, Istanbul 34220, Turkey E-mail:
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Erkan HS, Onkal Engin G, Ince M, Bayramoglu MR. Effect of carbon to nitrogen ratio of feed wastewater and sludge retention time on activated sludge in a submerged membrane bioreactor. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 23:10742-10752. [PMID: 26888531 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-016-6215-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2015] [Accepted: 01/31/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
This paper investigated the effects of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) on the activated sludge rheology in a submerged membrane bioreactor (sMBR) operated at different sludge retention time (SRT) values and different carbon to nitrogen ratios (C/N) of feed wastewater. The C/N ratios of the feed were adjusted accordingly so that synthetic wastewaters prepared simulated municipal wastewater, non-toxic wastewater with high C/N ratio and non-toxic wastewater with low C/N ratio. A number of important operational parameters such as mixed liquor suspended solid (MLSS), protein fraction of EPS (EPSp), carbohydrate fraction of EPS (EPSc), protein fraction of soluble microbial product (SMPp), carbohydrate fraction of SMP (SMPc), apparent viscosity, critical flux and hydrophobicity in mixed liquor and their correlations were investigated in the sMBR systems operated. The statistical analysis indicated that the C/N ratio of feed, SRT, MLSS and SMPc were found to have positive effects on apparent viscosity at three different shear rates. On the other hand, a negative impact was detected between the apparent viscosities and the critical fluxes. It was also observed that there is a significant positive correlation between hydrophobicity and both EPSp and SMPp.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanife Sari Erkan
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Yildiz Technical University, 34220 Davutpasa, Esenler, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Guleda Onkal Engin
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Yildiz Technical University, 34220 Davutpasa, Esenler, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Mahir Ince
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Yildiz Technical University, 34220 Davutpasa, Esenler, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Mahmut R Bayramoglu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Gebze Technical University, 41400, Gebze, Kocaeli, Turkey
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Kumar M, Lee PY, Fukusihma T, Whang LM, Lin JG. Effect of supplementary carbon addition in the treatment of low C/N high-technology industrial wastewater by MBR. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2012; 113:148-153. [PMID: 22300636 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2011.12.102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2011] [Revised: 12/21/2011] [Accepted: 12/21/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The effect of supplementary carbon addition for the treatment of high-technology industrial wastewater in a membrane bioreactor (MBR) was investigated. The MBR was operated for 302 days under different C/N (BOD(L)/NH(4)(+)-N) ratios, i.e. 0.9-1 to 20 days, 1.6-21 to 42 days, 2.9-43 to 82 days, 3.6-83 to 141 days, 4.8-165 to 233 days and 9.3-240 to 302 days. Irrespective of the C/N ratios investigated, SS and BOD(5) removal efficiencies were above 95% and above 80% COD removal efficiency was observed. In addition, complete nitrification was observed throughout the investigation. However, denitrification and total nitrogen removal efficiencies reached their maximum values at the highest C/N ratio (9.3) investigated. Real-time PCR analysis revealed 10 times higher ammonia oxidizing bacteria to total bacteria ratio under the highest C/N ratio condition (9.3) compared to the low C/N ratio condition (1.6).
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathava Kumar
- Department of Civil Engineering, National Institute of Technology Calicut, Kozhikode, Kerala 673601, India
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Xavier CR, Mosquera-Corral A, Becerra J, Hernandez V, Vidal G. Activated sludge versus aerated lagoon treatment of kraft mill effluents containing beta-sitosterol and stigmasterol. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH. PART A, TOXIC/HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES & ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING 2009; 44:327-335. [PMID: 19184698 DOI: 10.1080/10934520802659646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
In the present study the performance of an activated sludge system (AS) and an aerated lagoon (AL) are compared for the treatment of kraft cellulose effluents. Both reactors were operated at organic loading rates (OLR) up to 9 g COD/L. d. The activated sludge system presented better performance at high OLR than the aerated lagoon with removal percentages of 57-67% and 95% of COD and BOD(5), respectively. The removal percentages of specific compounds were always slightly higher in the case of the AS than in the AL with exception of the total phenolic compounds which concentration increased in the former. Furthermore the analyzed fractions from the effluents indicated that in the AS the compounds were fully removed while in the case of the aerated lagoon were transformed into compound with low molecular weight P2 (5 kD < MW < 10 kD). In the case of the AS system the increase of the total phenolic compounds concentrations was corroborated with the increase of the fractions P2, P3 and P4. The studied phytosterol were removed from the effluent at concentrations up to 2 mg/L in percentages close to 100% mainly by adsorption in the case of the AL and by a combining adsorption and mainly degradation in the AS. The BOD(5) concentration in the effluent of both systems fulfilled the requirements of the Chilean regulations for effluent discharge indicating the feasibility of aerobic treatment of this kind of effluents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia R Xavier
- Environmental Science Center (EULA-Chile), University of Concepcion, Concepcion, Chile
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